Afro-Arabs, African Arabs, or Black Arabs are Arabs of full or partial indigenous African descent. These include primarily minority groups in the United Arab Emirates, Yemen, Saudi Arabia, Oman, Kuwait, Qatar, and Bahrain, as well as Iraq and Levant: Syria, Palestine, and Jordan. The term may also refer to various Arab groups in certain African regions.
Afro-Arab man of the Congo (ca. 1942).
The Al-Muhamashīn, "the marginalized ones"); previously called al-Akhdām, Akhdām or Achdām, are an Arabic-speaking ethnic group whose members live in Yemen. Although the Muhamashīn are Arabic-speaking Muslims just like most other Yemenis, they are considered to be at the very bottom of the supposedly abolished caste ladder, they are socially segregated from other Yemenis and they are mostly confined to menial jobs in the country's major cities. According to unofficial estimates, the Muhamashīn number between 500,000 and 3,500,000 individuals.
Akhdam children in a Ta'izz neighborhood
The caves of Al-Akhdam in Sanaa in 1942
Akhdam man or Khadem in Ta'izz