Agnes of Merania was a member of the House of Andechs and an Austrian royal consort. By her two marriages, she was Duchess of Austria from 1230 until 1243 and Duchess of Carinthia from 1256 until her death.

The House of Andechs was a feudal line of German princes in the 12th and 13th centuries. The counts of Dießen-Andechs obtained territories in northern Dalmatia on the Adriatic seacoast, where they became Margraves of Istria and ultimately dukes of a short-lived imperial state named Merania from 1180 to 1248. They were also self-styled lords of Carniola.