Agustín de Zárate was a Spanish colonial, Contador general de cuentas, civil servant, chronicler and historian. His work Historia del descubrimiento y conquista del Perú recounts the first years after the arrival of the Spaniards in the Inca Empire including the civil war between the viceroy and the encomenderos and up to the death of Gonzalo Pizarro in 1548. It is considered one of the most notable chronicles of the Spanish colonization of the Americas that have been preserved up to the present. First published in Antwerp in 1555, re-published in Venice in 1563 and then revised and published again in Seville in 1577, it was translated into English, French, Italian and German and can be considered a “best seller of the 16th Century”.

Polo Ondegardo was a Spanish colonial jurist, civil servant, businessman and thinker who proposed an intellectual and political vision of profound influence in the earliest troubled stage of the contact between the Hispanic and the American Indigenous world. He was born in Valladolid, when the city was the capital of the kingdom of Castile, to a prominent noble family that had strong ties to the royal family. He spent his entire adult life in South America in what is now Peru and Bolivia. He was involved in the political and economic management of the Spanish colony and based on his good knowledge of the laws as licenciado (licentiate) acquired a deep knowledge and practical experience of the Native Americans in the southern Andes, being an encomendero, visitador and corregidor in the provinces of Charcas and Cusco. His administrative reports, well known and appreciated by his peers and contemporaries, have had wide repercussions in the field of Andean studies up to the present time.