Ahmad ibn Fadlan
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Ahmad ibn Fadlan ibn al-Abbas al-Baghdadi or simply known as Ibn Fadlan, was a 10th-century Arab traveler from Baghdad, Abbasid Caliphate, famous for his account of his travels as a member of an embas
Ibn Fadlan manuscript page (in Arabic)
Ahmad ibn Fadlan's route from Baghdad to Bukhara
Ahmad ibn Fadlan's theorized route from Bukhara to Bulghar
Varangians
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The Varangians were Viking warriors, traders and settlers, mostly from present-day Sweden, who settled in the territories of present-day Belarus, Russia and Ukraine from the 8th and 9th centuries and
Ahmad ibn Fadlan
…the king of the Volga Bulgars, known as his risāla ("account" or "journal"). His account is most notable for providing a detailed description of the Volga Vikings, including eyewitness accounts of life as part of a trade caravan and witnessing a ship burial. He also notably described the lifestyle of the Oghuz…
One of the runic inscriptions in Hagia Sophia, probably carved by members of the Varangian Guard
Piraeus Lion drawing of curved lindworm. The runes on the lion tell of Swedish warriors, most likely Varangians, mercenaries in the service of the Byzantine (Eastern Roman) Emperor.
Nicholas Roerich: Guests from Overseas (1899)
Viktor Vasnetsov, The Invitation of the Varangians: Rurik and his brothers arrive in Staraya Ladoga.