1.
Game design
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Game design is the art of applying design and aesthetics to create a game to facilitate interaction between players for entertainment or for educational, exercise, or experimental purposes. Game design can be applied both to games and, increasingly, to interactions, particularly virtual ones. Academically, game design is part of studies, while game theory studies strategic decision making. Games have historically inspired seminal research in the fields of probability, artificial intelligence, economics, applying game design to itself is a current research topic in metadesign. Sports, gambling, and board games are known, respectively, to have existed for at least nine thousand, six thousand, and four thousand years. Tabletop games played today whose descent can be traced from ancient times include chess, go, pachisi, backgammon, mahjong, mancala, the rules of these games were not codified until early modern times and their features gradually evolved and changed over time, through the folk process. Given this, these games are not considered to have had a designer or been the result of a process in the modern sense. For example, the public domain games Generala, Yacht. Today, many games, such as Taboo, Balderdash, Pictionary. Adapting traditional games to become commercial properties is an example of game design, similarly, many sports, such as soccer and baseball, are the result of folk processes, while others were designed, such as basketball, invented in 1891 by James Naismith. Technological advances have provided new media for games throughout history, the printing press allowed packs of playing cards, adapted from Mahjong tiles, to be mass-produced, leading to many new card games. Accurate topographic maps produced as lithographs and provided free to Prussian officers helped popularize wargaming, cheap bookbinding led to mass-produced board games with custom boards. Inexpensive lead figurine casting contributed to the development of miniature wargaming, cheap custom dice led to poker dice. Flying discs led to disc golf and Ultimate, personal computers contributed to the popularity of computer games, leading to the wide availability of video game consoles and video games. Smart phones have led to a proliferation of mobile games, the first games in a new medium are frequently adaptations of older games. Pong, one of the first widely disseminated video games, adapted table tennis, later games will often exploit distinctive properties of a new medium. Adapting older games and creating original games for new media are both examples of game design, Game studies or gaming theory is a discipline that deals with the critical study of games, game design, players, and their role in society and culture. Prior to the century, the academic study of games was rare and limited to fields such as history
2.
Screenwriter
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One famous screenwriter is Jack Rosenthal, who has written for various TV shows over the years, including Londons Burning and Coronation Street. No education is required to become a screenwriter, just good storytelling abilities. Screenwriters are not hired employees, they are contracted freelancers, most, if not all, screenwriters start their careers writing on speculation, meaning they write without being hired or paid for it. If such a script is sold, it is called a spec script, what separates a professional screenwriter from an amateur screenwriter is that professional screenwriters are usually represented by a talent agency. Also, professional screenwriters do not often work for free, whereas amateur screenwriters will often work for free and are considered writers in training, spec scripts are usually penned by unknown professional screenwriters and amateur screenwriters. There are a legion of would-be screenwriters who attempt to enter the industry but it often takes years of trial-and-error, failure. In Writing Screenplays that Sell, Michael Hague writes Screenplays have become, for the last half of century, closet writers who used to dream of the glory of getting into print now dream of seeing their story on the big or small screen. Every screenplay and teleplay begins with a thought or idea, and screenwriters use those ideas to write scripts, with the intention of selling them and having them produced. In some cases, the script is based on a property, such as a book or persons life story. The majority of the time, a film project gets initiated by a screenwriter and because they initiated the project and these are referred to as exclusive assignments or pitched assignments. Screenwriters who often pitch new projects, whether original or an adaptation, when word is put out about a project a film studio, production company, or producer wants done, these are referred to as open assignments. In situations where screenwriters are competing for an assignment, more established writers will usually win these assignments. A screenwriter can also be approached and personally offered a writing assignment, many screenwriters also work as full or part-time script doctors, attempting to better a script to suit the desires of a director or studio. For instance, studio management may have a complaint that the motivations of the characters are unclear or that the dialogue is weak, script-doctoring can be quite lucrative, especially for the better known writers. David Mamet and John Sayles, for instance, fund the movies they direct themselves, usually from their own screenplays, by writing and doctoring scripts for others. In fact, some writers make very profitable careers out of being the ninth or tenth writer to work on a piece, in many cases, working on projects that never see exposure to an audience of any size. Many up and coming screenwriters also ghost write projects and allow more established screenwriters to take credit for the project to increase the chances of it getting picked up. After a screenwriter finishes a project, he or she pairs with a representative, such as a producer, director, literary agent, entertainment lawyer
3.
Dark Cloud
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Dark Cloud is an action role-playing video game developed by Level-5 and published by Sony Computer Entertainment for the PlayStation 2. Originally intended as a title for the PlayStation 2, the game was ultimately released in Japan in December 2000, in North America in May 2001. A sequel with a plot, Dark Chronicle, was released in Japan in 2002. The protagonist is Toan, a boy who is given a stone called the Atlamillia by Simba, the Fairy King. Dark Cloud was met with positive reviews by critics, who praised its blend of gameplay types. The game was also a commercial success, although it initially sold poorly in Japan, it eventually went on to sell over 800,000 units worldwide. In December 2015, the game was available via emulation for the PlayStation 4 through the PlayStation Network. Dark Cloud is an action role-playing game played from a perspective, in which the player moves through procedurally-generated dungeons, battling monsters. On random dungeon levels, the player may have the option of entering a separate back door area which contains stronger monsters, although the majority of combat involves real time hack and slash, the player will occasionally Duel an enemy. In this type of battle, the player must correctly press a sequence of buttons, whilst in dungeons, the player has both a health meter and a thirst meter. The thirst meter gradually decreases over time, and when fully depleted, to prevent the thirst meter depleting, the player must drink water or step into one of the pools found on many dungeon levels. A major component of Dark Clouds gameplay involves special items called Atla which are used to rebuild the world outside the dungeons, Atla, which are present in most dungeon levels, are large spherical objects which can be retrieved by Toan only. When Atla are removed from the dungeon, they transform into pieces of the world and these pieces must then be reassembled in Georama mode, a gameplay mode similar to city-building games, in which the player can arrange the pieces onto the landscape. The players progress in terms of collecting Atla, rebuilding the village, completing 100% of the villagers wishes is not a requirement, although if the player does reach 100%, they are awarded a bonus item/ability. Unlike most action role-playing games, instead of the characters leveling up, weapons attain absorption points with each kill. Once a certain number of points has been reached, the weapon can be leveled up, however, weapons wear out over time, and it is necessary to repair them in order to avoid them breaking. With the exception of each characters starting weapon, a weapon is immediately removed from the players inventory. To upgrade a weapon, the player can attach stat-increasing items and these attachments are absorbed into the weapon when it is leveled up, freeing up space for more attachments
4.
Professor Layton
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Professor Layton is a puzzle adventure game series for the Nintendo DS and Nintendo 3DS developed by Level-5. The series consists of six games plus a film, a crossover game titled Professor Layton vs. Phoenix Wright, Ace Attorney has also been released for the Nintendo 3DS. The first three games follow Professor Hershel Layton and Luke Tritons adventures together, the subsequent three games and the film are prequels, and focus on how Luke and Layton met, and their original adventures. Each title is based on a series of puzzles and mysteries given by the citizens of towns that the characters visit. It is not necessary to all the puzzles to progress, but some are mandatory. Lifetime cumulative sales of Professor Layton games are at 10 million units sold as of October 2010, as of April 2015, the series has sold over 15.5 million copies. Professor Layton was a result of Akihiro Hinos childhood love of Akira Tagos popular Atama no Taisou series of puzzle books. The main character in the Professor Layton games is Professor Hershel Layton, a renowned archaeologist and he is called to solve various mysteries in different places. Professor Layton is always accompanied by his apprentice Luke Triton, a cheerful, according to Hino, Layton is partly inspired by the character of Phoenix Wright of the Ace Attorney series. Wanting to improve over what he saw as bad points in Phoenixs character, the game is essentially a collection of puzzles with exploration sections between them. The player explore their environments in an adventure game fashion using the DSs touchscreen. This can be used to talk with characters, learn more about the environment. Often, when interacting with a person or object, the player will be presented with a puzzle, valued at a number of picarats, a type of currency within the game. Solving the puzzle correctly will earn the player that many picarats, in order to progress the plot, the player is required to solve specific puzzles, or to solve a minimum number of puzzles or gain a minimum amount of picarats. The puzzles take the form of brain teasers and are loosely tied to the plot. All puzzles were created for series by Akira Tago, who is famous for his best-selling Mental Gymnastics series. They take the forms of math problems, logic puzzles, mazes, sliding-block puzzles, the games give the player the opportunity to bring up a translucent memo screen they can write on using the stylus to work out their answer before submission. If the player is stuck, they may spend one hint coin to receive a hint, the puzzles are not timed, though for puzzles such as mazes or sliding blocks, the player may be challenged to complete the puzzle in a limited number of moves
5.
President (corporate title)
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The President is a leader of an organization, company, community, club, trade union, university or other group. In many organizations, it is the legally recognized highest titled corporate officer, the president may also be the chairman. The relationship between the president and the Chief Executive Officer varies, depending on the structure of the specific organization, in a similar vein to the Chief Operating Officer, the title of corporate President as a separate position is also loosely defined. The powers of the president vary widely across organizations and such powers come from specific authorization in the bylaws, originally, the term president was used to designate someone who presided over a meeting, and was used in the same way that foreman or overseer is used now. It has now come to mean chief officer in terms of administrative or executive duties. In addition to the administrative or executive duties in organizations, the president has the duties of presiding over meetings, in committees or small boards, the president votes along with the other members. However, in assemblies or larger boards, the president should vote only when it can affect the result, at a meeting, the president only has one vote. The powers of the president vary widely across organizations, the amount of power given to the president depends on the type of organization, its structure, and the rules it has created for itself. If the president exceeds the given authority, engages in misconduct, or fails to perform the duties, such procedures may include censure, suspension, or removal from office. The rules of the organization would provide details on who can perform these disciplinary procedures. Usually, whoever appointed or elected the president has the power to discipline this officer, some organizations may have a position of President-Elect in addition to the position of President. Generally the membership of the organization elects a President-Elect and when the term of the President-Elect is complete, some organizations may have a position of Immediate Past President in addition to the position of President. In those organizations, when the term of the President is complete, the organization can have such a position only if the bylaws provide it. The duties of such a position would also have to be provided in the bylaws, riding Shotgun, The Role of the COO. National Association of Parliamentarians®, Education Committee, independence, MO, National Association of Parliamentarians®
