1.
Manhattan
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Manhattan is the most densely populated borough of New York City, its economic and administrative center, and the citys historical birthplace. The borough is coextensive with New York County, founded on November 1,1683, Manhattan is often described as the cultural and financial capital of the world and hosts the United Nations Headquarters. Many multinational media conglomerates are based in the borough and it is historically documented to have been purchased by Dutch colonists from Native Americans in 1626 for 60 guilders which equals US$1062 today. New York County is the United States second-smallest county by land area, on business days, the influx of commuters increases that number to over 3.9 million, or more than 170,000 people per square mile. Manhattan has the third-largest population of New York Citys five boroughs, after Brooklyn and Queens, the City of New York was founded at the southern tip of Manhattan, and the borough houses New York City Hall, the seat of the citys government. The name Manhattan derives from the word Manna-hata, as written in the 1609 logbook of Robert Juet, a 1610 map depicts the name as Manna-hata, twice, on both the west and east sides of the Mauritius River. The word Manhattan has been translated as island of hills from the Lenape language. The United States Postal Service prefers that mail addressed to Manhattan use New York, NY rather than Manhattan, the area that is now Manhattan was long inhabited by the Lenape Native Americans. In 1524, Florentine explorer Giovanni da Verrazzano – sailing in service of King Francis I of France – was the first European to visit the area that would become New York City. It was not until the voyage of Henry Hudson, an Englishman who worked for the Dutch East India Company, a permanent European presence in New Netherland began in 1624 with the founding of a Dutch fur trading settlement on Governors Island. In 1625, construction was started on the citadel of Fort Amsterdam on Manhattan Island, later called New Amsterdam, the 1625 establishment of Fort Amsterdam at the southern tip of Manhattan Island is recognized as the birth of New York City. In 1846, New York historian John Romeyn Brodhead converted the figure of Fl 60 to US$23, variable-rate myth being a contradiction in terms, the purchase price remains forever frozen at twenty-four dollars, as Edwin G. Burrows and Mike Wallace remarked in their history of New York. Sixty guilders in 1626 was valued at approximately $1,000 in 2006, based on the price of silver, Straight Dope author Cecil Adams calculated an equivalent of $72 in 1992. In 1647, Peter Stuyvesant was appointed as the last Dutch Director General of the colony, New Amsterdam was formally incorporated as a city on February 2,1653. In 1664, the English conquered New Netherland and renamed it New York after the English Duke of York and Albany, the Dutch Republic regained it in August 1673 with a fleet of 21 ships, renaming the city New Orange. Manhattan was at the heart of the New York Campaign, a series of battles in the early American Revolutionary War. The Continental Army was forced to abandon Manhattan after the Battle of Fort Washington on November 16,1776. The city, greatly damaged by the Great Fire of New York during the campaign, became the British political, British occupation lasted until November 25,1783, when George Washington returned to Manhattan, as the last British forces left the city
2.
New York City
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The City of New York, often called New York City or simply New York, is the most populous city in the United States. With an estimated 2015 population of 8,550,405 distributed over an area of about 302.6 square miles. Located at the tip of the state of New York. Home to the headquarters of the United Nations, New York is an important center for international diplomacy and has described as the cultural and financial capital of the world. Situated on one of the worlds largest natural harbors, New York City consists of five boroughs, the five boroughs – Brooklyn, Queens, Manhattan, The Bronx, and Staten Island – were consolidated into a single city in 1898. In 2013, the MSA produced a gross metropolitan product of nearly US$1.39 trillion, in 2012, the CSA generated a GMP of over US$1.55 trillion. NYCs MSA and CSA GDP are higher than all but 11 and 12 countries, New York City traces its origin to its 1624 founding in Lower Manhattan as a trading post by colonists of the Dutch Republic and was named New Amsterdam in 1626. The city and its surroundings came under English control in 1664 and were renamed New York after King Charles II of England granted the lands to his brother, New York served as the capital of the United States from 1785 until 1790. It has been the countrys largest city since 1790, the Statue of Liberty greeted millions of immigrants as they came to the Americas by ship in the late 19th and early 20th centuries and is a symbol of the United States and its democracy. In the 21st century, New York has emerged as a node of creativity and entrepreneurship, social tolerance. Several sources have ranked New York the most photographed city in the world, the names of many of the citys bridges, tapered skyscrapers, and parks are known around the world. Manhattans real estate market is among the most expensive in the world, Manhattans Chinatown incorporates the highest concentration of Chinese people in the Western Hemisphere, with multiple signature Chinatowns developing across the city. Providing continuous 24/7 service, the New York City Subway is one of the most extensive metro systems worldwide, with 472 stations in operation. Over 120 colleges and universities are located in New York City, including Columbia University, New York University, and Rockefeller University, during the Wisconsinan glaciation, the New York City region was situated at the edge of a large ice sheet over 1,000 feet in depth. The ice sheet scraped away large amounts of soil, leaving the bedrock that serves as the foundation for much of New York City today. Later on, movement of the ice sheet would contribute to the separation of what are now Long Island and Staten Island. The first documented visit by a European was in 1524 by Giovanni da Verrazzano, a Florentine explorer in the service of the French crown and he claimed the area for France and named it Nouvelle Angoulême. Heavy ice kept him from further exploration, and he returned to Spain in August and he proceeded to sail up what the Dutch would name the North River, named first by Hudson as the Mauritius after Maurice, Prince of Orange
3.
New York (state)
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New York is a state in the northeastern United States, and is the 27th-most extensive, fourth-most populous, and seventh-most densely populated U. S. state. New York is bordered by New Jersey and Pennsylvania to the south and Connecticut, Massachusetts, and Vermont to the east. With an estimated population of 8.55 million in 2015, New York City is the most populous city in the United States, the New York Metropolitan Area is one of the most populous urban agglomerations in the world. New York City makes up over 40% of the population of New York State, two-thirds of the states population lives in the New York City Metropolitan Area, and nearly 40% lives on Long Island. Both the state and New York City were named for the 17th-century Duke of York, the next four most populous cities in the state are Buffalo, Rochester, Yonkers, and Syracuse, while the state capital is Albany. New York has a diverse geography and these more mountainous regions are bisected by two major river valleys—the north-south Hudson River Valley and the east-west Mohawk River Valley, which forms the core of the Erie Canal. Western New York is considered part of the Great Lakes Region and straddles Lake Ontario, between the two lakes lies Niagara Falls. The central part of the state is dominated by the Finger Lakes, New York had been inhabited by tribes of Algonquian and Iroquoian-speaking Native Americans for several hundred years by the time the earliest Europeans came to New York. The first Europeans to arrive were French colonists and Jesuit missionaries who arrived southward from settlements at Montreal for trade, the British annexed the colony from the Dutch in 1664. The borders of the British colony, the Province of New York, were similar to those of the present-day state, New York is home to the Statue of Liberty, a symbol of the United States and its ideals of freedom, democracy, and opportunity. In the 21st century, New York has emerged as a node of creativity and entrepreneurship, social tolerance. On April 17,1524 Verrazanno entered New York Bay, by way of the now called the Narrows into the northern bay which he named Santa Margherita. Verrazzano described it as a vast coastline with a delta in which every kind of ship could pass and he adds. This vast sheet of water swarmed with native boats and he landed on the tip of Manhattan and possibly on the furthest point of Long Island. Verrazannos stay was interrupted by a storm which pushed him north towards Marthas Vineyard, in 1540 French traders from New France built a chateau on Castle Island, within present-day Albany, due to flooding, it was abandoned the next year. In 1614, the Dutch under the command of Hendrick Corstiaensen, rebuilt the French chateau, Fort Nassau was the first Dutch settlement in North America, and was located along the Hudson River, also within present-day Albany. The small fort served as a trading post and warehouse, located on the Hudson River flood plain, the rudimentary fort was washed away by flooding in 1617, and abandoned for good after Fort Orange was built nearby in 1623. Henry Hudsons 1609 voyage marked the beginning of European involvement with the area, sailing for the Dutch East India Company and looking for a passage to Asia, he entered the Upper New York Bay on September 11 of that year
4.
Actors Studio
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The Actors Studio is a membership organization for professional actors, theatre directors and playwrights at 432 West 44th Street in the Hells Kitchen neighborhood of Manhattan in New York City. It was founded October 5,1947, by Elia Kazan, [[Cheryl Crawford, lee Strasberg joined later and took the helm in 1951 until his death on February 17,1982. It is currently run by Al Pacino, Ellen Burstyn, the Studio is best known for its work refining and teaching method acting. The approach was developed by the Group Theatre in the 1930s based on the innovations of Konstantin Stanislavski. While at the Studio, actors work together to develop their skills in an environment where they can take risks as performers without the pressure of commercial roles. After an initial meeting held on October 5,1947, at the Labor Stage, before settling in its current location in 1955, the Studio moved regularly over an eight-year period, In January 1948, it was a dance studio on East 59th Street. In April of that year, a move to the CBS Building at 1697 Broadway, near 53rd Street, established some semblance of stability and this it did at the Malin Studios at 1545 Broadway, room 610. This arrangement would persist throughout the 1954-1955 theatrical season, even as the Studio was acquiring and renovating its current venue, in 1955 it moved to its current location in the former Seventh Associate Presbyterian Church, built in 1859. From September 1994 through May 2005, the Studio collaborated with The New School in the education of masters-level theatre students at the Actors Studio Drama School, after ending its contact with the New School, the Actors Studio established The Actors Studio Drama School at Pace University in 2006. ISBN 0-02-542650-8 Foster Hirsch, A Method to their Madness, The History of the Actors Studio, New York, WW Norton & Co Inc,1984. ISBN 0-393-01783-4 Shelly Frome, The Actors Studio, a History, david Garfield research files on the Actors Studio, 1947-2003, held by the Billy Rose Theatre Division, New York Public Library for the Performing Arts
5.
HB Studio
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The HB Studio is a school offering professional training in the performing arts. Select classes require an audition for admission, in 1948, Uta Hagen joined the Studio as Berghofs artistic partner, and the two wed ten years later. Her master classes led to the writing of her books Respect for Acting, in 2010, HB Studio founded the Hagen Institute, which offers full-time immersion in the practical approach to acting craft that characterized Uta Hagens master classes and classic acting texts. Its two key programs, The Hagen Summer Intensive and The Hagen Core Training, are structured, integrated courses for students with serious professional. Notable alumni include Christopher Abbott, F.10 by Andrew Gans, Playbill, November 5,2008
6.
Beverly D'Angelo
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Beverly Heather DAngelo is an American actress and singer, who starred as Ellen Griswold in the National Lampoons Vacation films. Her father was of Italian descent and her maternal grandfather, Howard Dwight Smith, was the architect who designed Ohio Stadium, also known as the Horseshoe at Ohio State University. She worked as an illustrator at Hanna-Barbera Studios and as a singer before pursuing an interest in acting and she has three brothers, Jeff, Tim and Tony. DAngelo began acting in the theatre, appearing on Broadway in 1976 in Rockabye Hamlet and she made her television debut in the first three episodes of the TV mini-series Captains and the Kings in 1976, and later began her film career. Her biggest break came in 1983 starring with Chevy Chase in National Lampoons Vacation in the role of Ellen Griswold and she reprised this role in four Vacation sequels and a short film between 1985 and 2015. In the 1980s she starred in other major comedy films. In 1994 DAngelo returned to the stage and won a Theatre World Award for her performance in the Off-Broadway play Simpatico and she received an Emmy Award nomination for her performance in the 1984 TV movie version of A Streetcar Named Desire. She later had roles in a number of made for television dramatic films including Slow Burn, Judgment Day, The John List Story. In the 2000s DAngelo had a role on Law & Order. She worked as a voice actress, from 2005-11 she appeared in the HBO series Entourage playing the role of agent Barbara Babs Miller. In 2006 she starred in the independent film Gamers, The Movie, in 2008 DAngelo had a role in the film Harold & Kumar Escape from Guantanamo Bay as Sally. She played the housemother in the film The House Bunny, in 2014, DAngelo was cast alongside Chevy Chase in the untitled ABC comedy pilot about married couple in their golden years. The show set for the 2015-16 television season and she appeared alongside Chevy Chase in the comedy Vacation, a continuation of the original film, which was released on July 29,2015. Later, she began a relationship with Anton Furst, an Academy Award-winning production designer and she was in a relationship with actor Al Pacino from 1996 until 2003. Beverly DAngelo at the Internet Movie Database Beverly DAngelo at the Internet Broadway Database Beverly DAngelo at the Internet Off-Broadway Database Beverly DAngelo at AllMovie
7.
Academy Awards
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The various category winners are awarded a copy of a golden statuette, officially called the Academy Award of Merit, which has become commonly known by its nickname Oscar. The awards, first presented in 1929 at the Hollywood Roosevelt Hotel, are overseen by AMPAS, the awards ceremony was first broadcast on radio in 1930 and televised for the first time in 1953. It is now live in more than 200 countries and can be streamed live online. The Academy Awards ceremony is the oldest worldwide entertainment awards ceremony and its equivalents – the Emmy Awards for television, the Tony Awards for theater, and the Grammy Awards for music and recording – are modeled after the Academy Awards. The 89th Academy Awards ceremony, honoring the best films of 2016, were held on February 26,2017, at the Dolby Theatre, in Los Angeles, the ceremony was hosted by Jimmy Kimmel and was broadcast on ABC. A total of 3,048 Oscars have been awarded from the inception of the award through the 88th, the first Academy Awards presentation was held on May 16,1929, at a private dinner function at the Hollywood Roosevelt Hotel with an audience of about 270 people. The post-awards party was held at the Mayfair Hotel, the cost of guest tickets for that nights ceremony was $5. Fifteen statuettes were awarded, honoring artists, directors and other participants in the industry of the time. The ceremony ran for 15 minutes, winners were announced to media three months earlier, however, that was changed for the second ceremony in 1930. Since then, for the rest of the first decade, the results were given to newspapers for publication at 11,00 pm on the night of the awards. The first Best Actor awarded was Emil Jannings, for his performances in The Last Command and he had to return to Europe before the ceremony, so the Academy agreed to give him the prize earlier, this made him the first Academy Award winner in history. With the fourth ceremony, however, the system changed, for the first six ceremonies, the eligibility period spanned two calendar years. At the 29th ceremony, held on March 27,1957, until then, foreign-language films had been honored with the Special Achievement Award. The 74th Academy Awards, held in 2002, presented the first Academy Award for Best Animated Feature, since 1973, all Academy Awards ceremonies always end with the Academy Award for Best Picture. The Academy also awards Nicholl Fellowships in Screenwriting, see also § Awards of Merit categories The best known award is the Academy Award of Merit, more popularly known as the Oscar statuette. The five spokes represent the branches of the Academy, Actors, Writers, Directors, Producers. The model for the statuette is said to be Mexican actor Emilio El Indio Fernández, sculptor George Stanley sculpted Cedric Gibbons design. The statuettes presented at the ceremonies were gold-plated solid bronze
8.
Tony Awards
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The Antoinette Perry Award for Excellence in Broadway Theatre, more commonly known as the Tony Award, recognizes excellence in live Broadway theatre. The awards are presented by the American Theatre Wing and The Broadway League at a ceremony in New York City. The awards are given for Broadway productions and performances, and an award is given for regional theatre, several discretionary non-competitive awards are also given, including a Special Tony Award, the Tony Honors for Excellence in Theatre, and the Isabelle Stevenson Award. The awards are named after Antoinette Tony Perry, co-founder of the American Theatre Wing, the rules for the Tony Awards are set forth in the official document Rules and Regulations of The American Theatre Wings Tony Awards, which applies for that season only. It also forms the fourth spoke in the EGOT, that is someone who has won all four awards, the Tony Awards are also considered the equivalent of the Laurence Olivier Award in the United Kingdom and the Molière Award of France. From 1997 to 2010, the Tony Awards ceremony was held at Radio City Music Hall in New York City in June and broadcast live on CBS television, except in 1999, in 2011 and 2012, the ceremony was held at the Beacon Theatre. From 2013 to 2015, the 67th, 68th, and 69th ceremonies returned to Radio City Music Hall, the 70th Tony Awards were held on June 12,2016 at the Beacon Theatre. The 71st Tony Awards will be held on June 11,2017, as of 2014, there are 24 categories of awards, plus several special awards. Starting with 11 awards in 1947, the names and number of categories have changed over the years, some examples, the category Best Book of a Musical was originally called Best Author. The category of Best Costume Design was one of the original awards, for two years, in 1960 and 1961, this category was split into Best Costume Designer and Best Costume Designer. It then went to a category, but in 2005 it was divided again. For the category of Best Director of a Play, a category was for directors of plays. A newly established non-competitive award, The Isabelle Stevenson Award, was given for the first time at the ceremony in 2009. The award is for an individual who has made a contribution of volunteered time and effort on behalf of one or more humanitarian. The category of Best Special Theatrical Event was retired as of the 2009–2010 season, the categories of Best Sound Design of a Play and Best Sound Design of a Musical were retired as of the 2014-2015 season. Performance categories Show and technical categories Special awards Retired awards The award was founded in 1947 by a committee of the American Theatre Wing headed by Brock Pemberton. The award is named after Antoinette Perry, nicknamed Tony, an actress, director, producer and co-founder of the American Theatre Wing, who died in 1946. As her official biography at the Tony Awards website states, At Jacob Wilks suggestion, proposed an award in her honor for distinguished stage acting, at the initial event in 1947, as he handed out an award, he called it a Tony
9.
British Academy Film Awards
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The British Academy Film Awards are presented in an annual award show hosted by the British Academy of Film and Television Arts to honour the best British and international contributions to film. Between 2008 and 2016, the ceremony was held in central London at the Royal Opera House, the 70th British Academy Film Awards were held on 12 February 2017 at the Royal Albert Hall in London. British Academy of Film and Television Arts was founded in 1947 as The British Film Academy, by David Lean, Alexander Korda, Carol Reed, Charles Laughton, Roger Manvell and others. BAFTA stated charitable purpose is to support, develop and promote the art forms of the image, by identifying and rewarding excellence, inspiring practitioners. In addition to awards ceremonies BAFTA runs a year-round programme of educational events including film screenings. BAFTA is supported by a membership of about 6,000 people from the film, television, the Academys awards are in the form of a theatrical mask designed by American sculptor Mitzi Cunliffe, which was commissioned by the Guild of Television Producers in 1955. The ceremony previously took place in April or May and since 2002 it takes place in February in order to precede the Oscars. The awards are open to all nationalities, though there is an award for Outstanding British Film. Only UK films are eligible for the categories of The British Short Film, the Awards ceremony is delayed broadcast on British television the same evening, and across the world for example its shown on BBC America in the United States. It has been broadcast in colour since 1970, the award ceremony is held in London. From 2000 to 2007 the ceremonies took place at the flagship Odeon cinema in Leicester Square, between 2008 and 2016, the ceremonies took place at the Royal Opera House. The 70th Awards in 2017 were held at the Royal Albert Hall, until 2012, the mobile network Orange sponsored the awards and starting in 2013 Oranges parent company, EE, began sponsorship. British Academy of Film and Television Arts British Academy Television Awards Official website BAFTA Awards database Museum of Broadcast Communications, BAFTA IMDB, BAFTA
10.
Golden Globe Award
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Golden Globe Awards are accolades bestowed by the 93 members of the Hollywood Foreign Press Association, recognizing excellence in film and television, both domestic and foreign. The annual ceremony at which the awards are presented is a part of the film industrys awards season. The 74th Golden Globe Awards, honoring the best in film, the 1st Golden Globe Awards, honoring the best achievements in 1943 filmmaking, was held in January 1944, at the 20th Century-Fox studios. Subsequent ceremonies were held at venues throughout the next decade, including the Beverly Hills Hotel. In 1950, the Hollywood Foreign Press Association made the decision to establish an honorary award to recognize outstanding contributions to the entertainment industry. Recognizing its subject as a figure within the entertainment industry. The official name of the award became the Cecil B. In 1963, the Miss Golden Globe concept was introduced, in its inaugural year, two Miss Golden Globes were named, one for film and one for television. The two Miss Golden Globes named that year were Eva Six and Donna Douglas, respectively, in 2009, the Golden Globe statuette was redesigned. It was unveiled at a conference at the Beverly Hilton prior to the show. The broadcast of the Golden Globe Awards, telecast to 167 countries worldwide, generally ranks as the third most-watched awards show each year, behind only the Oscars, gervais returned to host the 68th and 69th Golden Globe Awards the next two years. Tina Fey and Amy Poehler hosted the 70th, 71st and 72nd Golden Globe Awards in 2015, the Golden Globe Awards theme song, which debuted in 2012, was written by Japanese musician and songwriter Yoshiki Hayashi. On January 7,2008, it was announced due to the 2007–2008 Writers Guild of America strike. The ceremony was faced with a threat by striking writers to picket the event, the Hollywood Foreign Press Association was forced to adopt another approach for the broadcast. In acting categories, Meryl Streep holds the record for the most competitive Golden Globe wins with eight, however, including honorary awards, such as the Henrietta Award, World Film Favorite Actor/Actress Award, or Cecil B. DeMille Award, Barbra Streisand leads with nine, additionally, Streisand won for composing the song Evergreen, producing the Best Picture, and directing Yentl in 1984. Jack Nicholson, Angela Lansbury, Alan Alda and Shirley MacLaine have six awards each, behind them are Rosalind Russell and Jessica Lange with five wins. Meryl Streep also holds the record for most nominations with thirty, at the 46th Golden Globe Awards an anomaly occurred, a three way-tie for Best Actress in a Motion Picture – Drama
11.
AFI Life Achievement Award
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The Trustees also specified that the work of the recipient must have withstood the test of time. Director John Ford was the choice of the Board of Trustees for the first award as he clearly stands preeminent in the history of motion pictures. President Richard M. Nixon attended the dinner at which Ford was presented the award on March 31,1973. Silent film star Lillian Gish was the oldest recipient of the AFI Lifetime Achievement Award, all Life Achievement Award ceremonies have been televised on major TV networks and cable channels, CBS, NBC, ABC, Fox, USA, TV Land, TNT and TBS. Agreeing to appear at the televised ceremony apparently is part of the AFIs criteria for selecting the award, the televised ceremony generates income for the AFI, which is no longer funded by the US government. Of the first 45 honorees, nine have been women, Bette Davis, Lillian Gish, Barbara Stanwyck, Elizabeth Taylor, Barbra Streisand, Meryl Streep, Shirley MacLaine, Jane Fonda and Diane Keaton. One living actress who was listed on AFIs 100 Years.100 Stars has not received the award, the American Film Institute has awarded the AFI Life Achievement Award to one person each year since 1973. The 44th Award was presented to John Williams on June 9,2016, Williams is the first composer to receive the honor. The event was broadcast on June 15,2016 on TNT and it was also broadcast on September 12,2016 on TCM as a lineup dedicated to John Williams, and an encore presentation followed after. The AFI Life Achievement Award official website
12.
American Film Institute
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The American Film Institute is an American film organization that educates filmmakers and honors the heritage of the moving picture arts in America. AFI is supported by funding and public membership. The institute is composed of leaders from the film, entertainment, business, a board of trustees chaired by Sir Howard Stringer and a board of directors chaired by Robert A. Daly guide the organization, which is led by President and CEO Bob Gazzale. Prior leaders were founding director George Stevens, Jr. and Jean Picker Firstenberg. <ref>AFI Board of Trustees etc. American Film Institute. October 2014. Retrieved December 24,2014. </ref>Two years later, in 1967, AFI was established, supported by the National Endowment for the Arts, the Motion Picture Association of America and the Ford Foundation. The institute established a program for filmmakers known then as the Center for Advanced Film Studies. The institute moved to its current eight-acre Hollywood campus in 1981, the film training program grew into the AFI Conservatory, an accredited graduate school. AFI educates audiences and recognizes excellence through its awards programs and 10 Top 10 Lists. In 1969, the established the AFI Conservatory for Advanced Film Studies at Greystone. The first class included filmmakers Terrence Malick, Caleb Deschanel and Paul Schrader, mirroring a professional production environment, Fellows collaborate to make more films than any other graduate level program. Admission to AFI Conservatory is highly selective, with a maximum of 140 graduates per year, in 2013, Emmy and Oscar-winning director, producer and screenwriter James L. Brooks joined AFI as Artistic Director of the AFI Conservatory where he provides leadership for the film program. Brooks artistic role at the AFI Conservatory has a legacy that includes Daniel Petrie, Jr. Robert Wise. Award-winning director Bob Mandel served as Dean of the AFI Conservatory for nine years, jan Schuette took over as Dean in 2014. AFI Conservatorys alumni have careers in film, television and on the web and they have been recognized with all of the major industry awards – Academy Award, Emmy Award, guild awards, and the Tony Award. The AFI Catalog, started in 1968, is a web-based filmographic database, early print copies of this catalog may also be found at your local library. Each year the AFI Awards honor the ten outstanding films and ten outstanding television programs, the awards are a non-competitive acknowledgement of excellence. The Awards are announced in December and a luncheon for award honorees takes place the following January. The juries consisted of over 1,500 artists, scholars, critics and historians, with movies selected based on the films popularity over time, historical significance, citizen Kane was voted the greatest American film twice. AFI operates two film festivals, AFI Fest in Los Angeles, and AFI Docs in Silver Spring, Maryland, AFI Fest is the American Film Institutes annual celebration of artistic excellence
13.
Golden Globe Cecil B. DeMille Award
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DeMille Award is an honorary Golden Globe Award bestowed by the Hollywood Foreign Press Association for outstanding contributions to the world of entertainment. It was first presented on February 21,1952 at the 9th Annual Golden Globe Awards ceremony and is named in honor of its first recipient, honorees are selected by the HFPA board of directors and are presented annually. The first African-American to receive the honor was Sidney Poitier in 1982, *The 2008 awards ceremony was cancelled due to the 2007 Writers Guild of America strike, the HFPA deferred the award to the 2009 ceremony. **Woody Allens Award was accepted by Diane Keaton
14.
Lee Strasberg
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Lee Strasberg was a Polish-born American actor, director, and theatre practitioner. He was born in a part of Galicia, Austrian Poland and he co founded, with directors Harold Clurman and Cheryl Crawford, the Group Theatre in 1931, which was hailed as Americas first true theatrical collective. The Lee Strasberg Theatre and Film Institute has its own sets of entrance criteria required for admission into their program. Former student Elia Kazan directed James Dean in East of Eden, as a student, Dean wrote that Actors Studio was the greatest school of the theater the best thing that can happen to an actor. Playwright Tennessee Williams, writer of A Streetcar Named Desire, said of Strasbergs actors and they communicate emotions they really feel. They give you a sense of life, directors such as Sidney Lumet, a former student, have intentionally used actors skilled in Strasbergs method. Kazan, in his autobiography, wrote, He carried with him the aura of a prophet, a magician, a doctor, a psychoanalyst. Was the force held the thirty-odd members of the theatre together. Today, Ellen Burstyn, Al Pacino, and Harvey Keitel lead this nonprofit studio dedicated to the development of actors, playwrights and he also appeared in. And Justice for All. Strasbergs personal papers, including photos, are archived at the Library of Congress, Lee Strasberg was born Israel Strassberg in Budzanów in Austrian Poland, to Jewish parents, Baruch Meyer Strassberg and his wife, Ida, née Diner, and was the youngest of three sons. His father emigrated to New York while his family remained in their village with an uncle. His father, who worked as a presser in the garment industry, sent first for his eldest son, finally, enough money was saved to bring over his wife and his two remaining sons. In 1909, the family was reunited on Manhattans Lower East Side, a relative introduced him to the theater by giving him a small part in a Yiddish-language production being performed by the Progressive Drama Club. He later joined the Chrystie Street Settlement Houses drama club, when he was 23 years old, he enrolled in the Clare Tree Major School of the Theater. He became a naturalized United States citizen on January 16,1939, had his life-shaping revelation when Stanislavski brought his Moscow Art Theatre to the United States in 1923. He had seen good acting before, of course, but never an ensemble like this with actors completely surrendering their egos to the work. E observed, first of all, that all the actors, whether they were playing leads or small parts, worked with the same commitment, no actors idled about posing and preening. More important, every actor seemed to some sort of unspoken, yet palpable
15.
Me, Natalie
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Me, Natalie is a 1969 American comedy-drama film directed by Fred Coe about a homely young woman from Brooklyn who moves to Greenwich Village and finds romance with an aspiring painter. The screenplay by A. Martin Zweiback is based on a story by Stanley Shapiro. Patty Duke, who starred in the role, won a Golden Globe Award for her performance. The film also starred James Farentino, Salome Jens, Elsa Lanchester, Martin Balsam, al Pacino made his film debut with a bit part. By contrast, her best friend Betty is a popular and beautiful blonde cheerleader who has been going steady with the handsome Stanley since junior high school, natalies efforts to become a cheerleader herself, impress a blind date, and attend her graduation dance all fail. Believing that Harold chose Shirley based on her looks, Natalie regards Shirley with contempt and, a year later Natalie encounters Shirley, who has turned to drugs in her grief over Harold. Natalie sees that Shirley and Harold really did love each other, natalies parents worry because she has been expelled from college, has not found a job, and has no boyfriends or marital prospects. They try to arrange dates for her, and her attempts to bribe Morris. After learning of the scheme, an incensed Natalie moves out of her parents apartment. Upon arriving at Shirleys bohemian apartment building in Greenwich Village, Natalie finds that Shirley has committed suicide, Natalie rents and fixes up Shirleys vacant apartment, and gets a cocktail waitress job at the Topless Bottomless Club. Natalie is attracted to her downstairs neighbor, David Harris, an architect who has left his job for three months to pursue his dream of becoming a painter. Having dismissed David as a sex pervert because he is usually painting beautiful nude female models, she is taken aback when David finds her face interesting and their friendship gradually grows into a romance, with Natalie encouraging his painting aspirations and David building her self-confidence. After a confrontation, David reassures Natalie that he loves her and he will go back to his family home, end his marriage. At first Natalie waits eagerly in his apartment for his return, finally she writes David a farewell letter, saying she will always love him but expressing the wish to take responsibility for her own happiness, and leaves. Another is Coes apparent indecision as to whether the movie is a study or a gag comedy. Mostly its just gags, delivered abrasively by Miss Duke, who is less effective when registering pathos. Roger Ebert of the Chicago Sun-Times found it to be as conventional, a pleasant film, very funny at times. Patty Duke, as Natalie, supplies a wonderful performance, TV Guide considers the film somewhat bland but calls Duke a wonder and adds, Handled by a lesser actress, the results might have seemed more stereotypical, but Duke is convincing
16.
The Panic in Needle Park
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The Panic in Needle Park is a 1971 American romantic drama film directed by Jerry Schatzberg and starring Al Pacino in his second film appearance. The screenplay was written by Joan Didion and John Gregory Dunne, the film portrays life among a group of heroin addicts who hang out in Needle Park. The film is a story between Bobby, a young addict and small-time hustler, and Helen, a restless woman who finds Bobby charismatic. She becomes an addict, and life goes downhill for both as their addictions worsen, eventually leading to a series of betrayals. In New York City, Helen returns to the apartment she shares with her boyfriend, Marco, after enduring an unhygienic, Helen becomes ill and Bobby, an amiable small-time drug dealer to whom Marco owes money, shows unexpected gentleness and concern for Helen. Helen considers returning to her family, but moves in with Bobby, and when she finds him taking drugs, he explains that he is not an addict. Helen witnesses the ritual of addicts shooting up heroin. Bobby and Helen are eventually evicted from their apartment and move into a sleazier one, after Bobby asks her to score heroin for him by exchanging sexual favors with a dealer, Helen is arrested by Detective Hotch. Hotch says to Helen Bobbys got you scoring for him already huh, implying this is a common trend for Bobby and his girlfriends. He then explains to Helen what its like when there is a panic in Needle Park, a panic is when the heroin supply on the street is low and addicts begin to turn on each other, often ratting or turning others into the police in return for favors. Officer Hotch unexpectedly releases Helen, who returns to Bobby, who begins to use drugs more heavily, Helen eventually begins to shoot up, too. Bobby soon realizes Helen is using and he proposes marriage to her, Hank asks what they will live on and offers Bobby work as a burglar, to which Helen objects and insists that she will get a job. However, Helen quickly quits her new job, after getting customer orders muddled. Just before Bobby is to assist Hank in a burglary, he overdoses, Hank is angry with Bobby for jeopardizing his plans, but he allows Bobby to assist him on another night, during which Bobby is arrested. While he is in jail, Helen finds it harder to get drugs and has sex with Hank for heroin, when Bobby is released, he and Helen have a big fight. Bobby persuades Santo, a drug dealer, to let him handle distribution in Needle Park. After Bobby distributes Santos drugs, Needle Park residents are happy to have a reliable source, as Helens health deteriorates from increasing drug use, their relationship suffers, and Hotch keeps an eye on her. When Helen and one of her customers are detained, Hotch asks the officer not to book her
17.
Michael Corleone
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Michael Corleone is the main protagonist of Mario Puzos novel The Godfather and the three Godfather films directed by Francis Ford Coppola. Michael was portrayed by Al Pacino, for which he was twice-nominated for Academy Awards, Michael Corleone was recognized as the 11th most iconic villain in film history by the American Film Institute, although some critics consider him to be a tragic hero. Born in 1920, Michael is the youngest son of the mafia don Vito Corleone and his wife and he has two older brothers, Santino Sonny Corleone and Frederico Fredo Corleone and a younger sister, Constanzia Connie Corleone. The family consigliere, Tom Hagen, is their informal adoptive brother, the story begins in the summer of 1945. Michael has been discharged from the Marine Corps having been wounded, his father and he returns home to attend his sister Connies wedding, accompanied by Kay Adams, his college sweetheart. Michael stays for a few weeks before re-entering college without consulting his family, unlike his two older brothers, Michael does not want to join the Corleone business. Vito does not want Michael to join the Corleone criminal empire either, when the United States entered World War II in 1941, Michael had enlisted in the Marine Corps. During the war, he was in the Pacific and he received a battlefield commission to the rank of captain and is awarded the Navy Cross for bravery. In 1944, his war heroism is featured in Life magazine, just before Christmas 1945, Vito is severely wounded in an assassination attempt by drug kingpin Virgil Sollozzo, throwing Michael into the middle of the Mafia world he had for so long avoided. Michael reaffirms his loyalty at his fathers bedside, then prevents Sollozzos second attempt on Vitos life, captain McCluskey, a corrupt NYPD officer on Sollozzos payroll, breaks Michaels jaw. Knowing that his fathers life is in danger while Sollozzo lives, Michael proposes that he murder Sollozzo, Sonny dismisses the idea, believing that killing McCluskey would invite police retribution, it is a hard and fast rule in the American Mafia that policemen are not to be harmed. However, Michael persuades him that McCluskey has crossed into their world by serving as Sollozzos bodyguard, a meeting between Sollozzo and Michael is arranged. At the restaurant, Michael retrieves a handgun that his fathers caporegime Peter Clemenza had planted in the bathroom and kills Sollozzo, Michael flees to Sicily, where he spends two years under the protection of Vitos longtime ally, Don Tommasino. Michael meets and falls in love with a local woman named Apollonia Vitelli. They marry and when Michael is notified that Sonny has been murdered, Apollonia is killed by a car bomb intended for Michael. Fabrizio, Michaels bodyguard, planted the bomb after being bought off by the Corleones rivals, Michael returns to the United States in early 1951 and assumes Sonnys role as Vitos heir apparent. He and his plot to wipe out the other New York Dons. Meanwhile, Michael convinces his father the time is right to remove the family from the Mafia, more than a year after his return, Michael reunites with Kay and they marry
18.
Francis Ford Coppola
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Francis Ford Coppola, also credited as Francis Coppola, is a semi-retired American film director, producer, and screenwriter. He is considered to have been a figure of the New Hollywood wave of filmmaking. After directing The Rain People, he co-wrote the 1970 film Patton and he followed with The Godfather Part II in 1974, which became the first sequel to win the Academy Award for Best Picture. The Conversation, which he directed, produced and wrote, was released same year. He next directed 1979s Apocalypse Now, while notorious for its lengthy and strenuous production, the film was widely acclaimed for its vivid and stark depiction of the Vietnam War, winning the Palme dOr at the 1979 Cannes Film Festival. Coppola is one of only eight filmmakers to win two Palme dOr awards, while a number of Coppolas ventures in the 1980s and 1990s were critically lauded, he has never quite achieved the same commercial success with films as in the 1970s. His most well-known films released since the start of the 1980s are the dramas The Outsiders and Rumble Fish, the crime-drama The Cotton Club, and his movies The Godfather, The Godfather Part II, and Apocalypse Now are often ranked among the greatest films of all time. Coppola was born in Detroit, Michigan, to father Carmine Coppola, a flautist with the Detroit Symphony Orchestra, Coppola is the second of three children, his older brother was August Coppola, his younger sister is actress Talia Shire. Born into a family of Italian immigrant ancestry, his grandparents came to the United States from Bernalda. His maternal grandfather, popular Italian composer Francesco Pennino, immigrated from Naples, Coppola received his middle name in honor of Henry Ford, not only because he was born in the Henry Ford Hospital but also because of his musician-fathers association with the automobile manufacturer. Contracting polio as a boy, Coppola was bedridden for periods of his childhood. Reading A Streetcar Named Desire at age 15 was instrumental in developing his interest in theater, eager to be involved in film-craft, he created 8mm features edited from home movies with such titles as The Rich Millionaire and The Lost Wallet. As a child, Coppola was a student, but he was so interested in technology. Trained initially for a career in music, he became proficient on the tuba, overall, Coppola attended 23 other schools before he eventually graduated from the Great Neck North High School. He entered Hofstra College in 1955 with a major in theater arts, there he was awarded a scholarship in playwriting. This furthered his interest in directing theater despite the disapproval of his father, Coppola was profoundly impressed after seeing Sergei Eisensteins October, Ten Days That Shook the World, especially with the movies quality of editing. It was at this time Coppola decided he would go into cinema rather than theater, Coppola also gives credit to the work of Elia Kazan and for its influence on him as a director. Amongst Coppolas classmates at Hofstra were James Caan, Lainie Kazan and he later cast Lainie Kazan in One from the Heart and Caan in The Rain People and The Godfather
19.
The Godfather
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The Godfather is a 1972 American crime film directed by Francis Ford Coppola and produced by Albert S. Ruddy, based on Mario Puzos best-selling novel of the same name. It stars Marlon Brando and Al Pacino as the leaders of a fictional New York crime family, the story, spanning 1945 to 1955, chronicles the family under the patriarch Vito Corleone, focusing on the transformation of Michael Corleone from reluctant family outsider to ruthless mafia boss. Paramount Pictures obtained the rights to the novel for the price of $80,000, Studio executives had trouble finding a director, as their first few candidates turned down the position. They and Coppola disagreed over who would play characters, in particular Vito. Filming was done on location and completed earlier than scheduled, the musical score was composed primarily by Nino Rota with additional pieces by Carmine Coppola. The film was the film of 1972 and was for a time the highest-grossing film ever made. It won the Oscars for Best Picture, Best Actor and Best Adapted Screenplay and its seven other Oscar nominations included Pacino, James Caan, and Robert Duvall for Best Supporting Actor and Coppola for Best Director. It was followed by sequels The Godfather Part II and The Godfather Part III, the Godfather is widely regarded as one of the greatest films in world cinema and one of the most influential, especially in the gangster genre. It was selected for preservation in the U. S, in 1945, at his daughter Connies wedding, Vito Corleone hears requests in his role as the Godfather, the Don of a New York crime family. Vitos youngest son, Michael, who was a Marine during World War II, introduces his girlfriend, Kay Adams, Woltz refuses until he wakes up in bed with the severed head of his prized stallion. Wary of involvement in a new trade that risks alienating political insiders. Suspicious, Vito sends his enforcer, Luca Brasi, to spy on them, however, a Tattaglia button man garrotes Brasi during Brasis first meeting with Bruno Tattaglia and Sollozzo. Later Sollozzo has Vito gunned down in the street, then kidnaps Hagen, with Corleone first-born Sonny in command, Hagen is pressured to persuade Sonny to accept Sollozzos deal, then released. The family receives fish wrapped in Brasis bullet-proof vest, indicating that Luca sleeps with the fishes, Vito survives, and at the hospital Michael thwarts another attempt on his father, Michaels jaw is broken by NYPD Captain Marc McCluskey, Sollozzos bodyguard. Sonny retaliates with a hit on Tattaglias son, Michael plots to murder Sollozzo and McCluskey, on the pretext of settling the dispute, Michael agrees to meet them in a Bronx restaurant. There, retrieving a planted handgun, he kills both men, despite a clampdown by the authorities, the Five Families erupt in open warfare and Vitos sons fear for their safety. Michael takes refuge in Sicily, and his brother, Fredo, is sheltered by the Corleones Las Vegas casino partner, Sonny attacks his brother-in-law Carlo on the street for abusing his sister and threatens to kill him if it happens again. When it does, Sonny speeds to their home, but is ambushed at a toll booth
20.
The Godfather Part II
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The Godfather Part II is a 1974 American crime film produced and directed by Francis Ford Coppola from a screenplay co-written with Mario Puzo, starring Al Pacino and Robert De Niro. The Godfather Part II opened to mixed reviews critics, many of whom praised its cinematography while finding its nonlinear narrative disorganized. It was nominated for eleven Academy Awards, however, and became the first sequel to win for Best Picture and its six Oscar wins included Best Director for Coppola, Best Supporting Actor for De Niro and Best Adapted Screenplay for Coppola and Puzo. Pacino won the BAFTA Award for Best Actor and was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Actor, both The Godfather Part II and its predecessor remain highly influential films in the gangster genre, and the former has been reevaluated. In 1997, the American Film Institute ranked it as the 32nd-greatest film in American film history, some have deemed it superior to the 1972 original. It was selected for preservation in the U. S. National Film Registry of the Library of Congress in 1993, being deemed culturally, historically, the Godfather Part III, a later sequel, was released in 1990. In 1901, the family of nine-year-old Vito Andolini is killed in Corleone, Sicily, Vito escapes to New York City and is registered as Vito Corleone on Ellis Island. In 1958, during his sons First Communion party at Lake Tahoe, Corleone caporegime Frank Pentangeli is dismayed that Michael will not help him defend his Brooklyn territory against the Rosato brothers, who work for Michaels business partner Hyman Roth. That night, Michael leaves Nevada after surviving an assassination attempt at his home, in 1917, Vito Corleone lives in New York with his wife Carmela and son Sonny. He loses his job due to the nepotism of local extortionist Don Fanucci, Michael suspects Roth of planning the assassination, but meets with him in Miami and feigns ignorance. In New York, Pentangeli attempts to maintain Michaels façade by making peace with the Rosato family, on New Years Eve, he tries to have Roth and Roths right-hand man Johnny Ola killed, but Roth survives when Michaels bodyguard is discovered and shot by police. Michael accuses his brother Fredo of betrayal after Fredo inadvertently reveals that hed met with Ola previously, batista abruptly abdicates due to rebel advances, during the ensuing chaos, Michael, Fredo, and Roth separately escape to the United States. Back home, Michael learns that his wife Kay has miscarried, three years later, Vito and Carmela have had two more sons, Fredo and Michael. Vitos criminal conduct attracts the attention of Fanucci, who extorts him and his partners, Clemenza and Salvatore Tessio, wish to avoid trouble by paying in full, but Vito insists that he can convince Fanucci to accept a smaller payment by making him an offer he wont refuse. During a neighborhood festa, he stalks Fanucci to his apartment, in Washington, D. C. a Senate committee on organized crime is investigating the Corleone family. Having survived the attempt on his life, Pentangeli agrees to testify against Michael, who he believes had double-crossed him. Now a respected figure in his community, Vito is approached for help by a widow who is being evicted. After an unsuccessful negotiation with Vito, the landlord asks around, learns of Vitos reputation
21.
The Godfather Part III
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The Godfather Part III is a 1990 American crime film written by Mario Puzo and Francis Ford Coppola, and directed by Coppola. A sequel to The Godfather and The Godfather Part II, it completes the story of Michael Corleone, a Mafia kingpin who attempts to legitimize his criminal empire. The film also includes fictionalized accounts of two events, the 1978 death of Pope John Paul I and the Papal banking scandal of 1981–82. The film stars Al Pacino, Diane Keaton, Talia Shire, and Andy García, and features Eli Wallach, Joe Mantegna, George Hamilton, Bridget Fonda, Coppola and Puzo preferred the title, The Death of Michael Corleone, but Paramount Pictures found that unacceptable. Coppola subsequently stated that The Godfather series is two films and that Part III is the epilogue, Part III received mixed reviews compared to the critical acclaim that the first two films received. It grossed $136,766,062 and was nominated for seven Academy Awards including the Academy Award for Best Picture, in 1979, as Michael Corleone is approaching 60, he regrets his ruthless rise to power and is especially guilt-ridden for having his brother Fredo murdered. He has semi-retired from the Mafia, leaving management of the business to Joey Zasa. Michael uses his tremendous wealth and power in an attempt to rehabilitate his reputation via numerous charitable acts, Michael and Kay are divorced, their children, Anthony and Mary, live with Kay. At a ceremony in St. Patricks Old Cathedral, Michael is named a Commander of the Order of Saint Sebastian, at the reception, Anthony tells his father that he is leaving law school to become an opera singer. Kay supports his decision, but Michael asks Anthony to complete his law degree, Anthony refuses to adhere to his fathers wishes. Michael and Kay have a reunion, in which Kay reveals that she. Vincent Mancini, Sonny Corleones illegitimate son with Lucy Mancini, arrives at the reception and he is embroiled in a feud with Zasa, who has involved the Corleone family in drug trafficking and turned Little Italy into a slum. Michaels sister, Connie, arranges a meeting between Vincent and Zasa, when Zasa calls Vincent a bastard, Vincent bites Zasas ear. Vincent overpowers two hitmen sent to him and learns that Zasa was responsible. Michael, troubled by Vincents fiery temper but impressed by his family loyalty and he makes a tender offer to buy the Vaticans 25% share in the company, which will give him controlling interest. Immobiliares board quickly approve the offer, pending ratification by the Pope, Don Altobello, an elderly New York Mafia boss and Connies godfather, visits Michael, telling him that his old partners on the Commission want in on the Immobiliare deal. Michael wants the deal untainted by Mafia involvement and pays off the mob bosses from the sale of his Las Vegas holdings, Zasa receives nothing and, declaring Michael his enemy, storms out. Altobello follows Zasa, saying he will reason with him, minutes later, a helicopter hovers outside the conference room and opens fire
22.
Academy Award for Best Actor
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The Academy Award for Best Actor is an award presented annually by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. It is given in honor of an actor who has delivered a performance in a leading role while working within the film industry. The 1st Academy Awards ceremony was held in 1929 with Emil Jannings receiving the award for his roles in The Last Command and The Way of All Flesh. Currently, nominees are determined by single transferable vote within the branch of AMPAS. In the first three years of the awards, actors were nominated as the best in their categories, at that time, all of their work during the qualifying period was listed after the award. The following year, this unwieldy and confusing system was replaced by the current system in which an actor is nominated for a performance in a single film. Starting with the 9th ceremony held in 1937, the category was officially limited to five nominations per year, since its inception, the award has been given to 79 actors. Daniel Day-Lewis has received the most awards in this category with three Oscars, spencer Tracy and Laurence Olivier were nominated on nine occasions, more than any other actor. As of the 2017 ceremony, Casey Affleck is the most recent winner in category for his role as Lee Chandler in Manchester by the Sea. In the following table, the years are listed as per Academy convention, and generally correspond to the year of release in Los Angeles County. For the first five ceremonies, the eligibility period spanned twelve months from August 1 to July 31, for the 6th ceremony held in 1934, the eligibility period lasted from August 1,1932 to December 31,1933
23.
Serpico
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Serpico is a 1973 American neo-noir crime drama film directed by Sidney Lumet and starring Al Pacino. Waldo Salt and Norman Wexler wrote the screenplay, adapting Peter Maass biography of NYPD officer Frank Serpico, both Maass book and the film cover 12 years,1960 to 1972. The film and principals were nominated for awards, earning recognition for its score, direction, screenplay. The film was also a commercial success, working as a uniformed patrolman, Frank Serpico excels at every assignment. He moves on to plainclothes assignments, where he discovers a hidden world of corruption. After witnessing cops commit violence, take payoffs, and other forms of corruption, Serpico decides to expose what he has seen. His struggle leads to infighting within the force, problems in his personal relationships. Finally, after being shot in the face during a drug bust on February 3,1971, he testifies before the Knapp Commission, after receiving a New York City Police Department Medal of Honor and a disability pension, Serpico resigns from the force and moves to Switzerland. Prior to any work on the film, producer Martin Bregman had lunch with Peter Maas to discuss a film adaptation of his biography of Frank Serpico, waldo Salt, a screenwriter, began to write the script which director Sidney Lumet deemed to be too long. Another screenwriter, Norman Wexler, did the work followed by play lines. Director John G. Avildsen was originally slated to direct the movie, Lumet took the helm as director just before filming. The story was filmed in New York City, a total of 104 different locations in four of the five boroughs of the city were used. An apartment at 5-7 Minetta Street in Manhattans Greenwich Village was used as Serpicos residence, lewisohn Stadium, which was closed at the time of filming, was used for one scene. Serpico was a commercial success, given the times and its modest budget. It grossed $29.8 million at the box office. Serpico was widely acclaimed by critics, currently holding at Rotten Tomatoes a score of 90% based on reviews from 39 critics, and a rating average of 8 out of 10. At Metacritic, which assigns an average score out of 100 to reviews from mainstream critics. Pacinos role as Frank Serpico is ranked at #40 on the American Film Institutes AFIs 100 Years.100 Heroes & Villains list, the film is also ranked at #84 on the AFIs AFIs 100 Years.100 Cheers, a list of Americas most inspiring movies
24.
Dog Day Afternoon
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Dog Day Afternoon is a 1975 American crime drama film directed by Sidney Lumet, written by Frank Pierson and produced by Martin Bregman and Martin Elfand. The film stars Al Pacino, John Cazale, Charles Durning, Chris Sarandon, Penelope Allen, James Broderick, Lance Henriksen, the title refers to the sultry dog days of summer. The film was inspired by P. F. Kluges article The Boys in the Bank and this article was published in Life in 1972. The film received acclaim upon its September 1975 release by Warner Bros. some of which referred to its anti-establishment tone. Dog Day Afternoon was nominated for several Academy Awards and Golden Globe awards, in 2009, the film was deemed culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant by the Library of Congress and selected for preservation in the National Film Registry. On August 22,1972, first-time crook Sonny Wortzik, his friend Salvatore Sal Naturale, the plan immediately goes awry when Stevie loses his nerve shortly after Sal pulls out his gun, and Sonny is forced to let him flee the scene. In the vault, Sonny discovers that he and Sal have arrived after the daily cash pickup, to compensate, Sonny takes a number of travelers cheques. Within minutes, the building is surrounded by the police, unsure of what to do, the two robbers camp out in the bank, holding all the workers hostage. Police Detective Sergeant Eugene Moretti calls the bank to tell Sonny that the police have arrived, Sonny warns that he and Sal have hostages and will kill them if anyone tries coming into the bank. Sal tells Sonny that he is ready to kill the hostages if necessary, Detective Moretti acts as hostage negotiator, while FBI Agent Sheldon monitors his actions. Howard Calvin, the security guard, has an asthma attack, Moretti convinces Sonny to step outside the bank to see how aggressive the police forces are. Using head teller Sylvia The Mouth as a shield, Sonny exits the bank, Attica. and the civilian crowd starts cheering for Sonny. After realizing they cannot make a getaway, Sonny demands that a helicopter be landed on the roof to fly him. When they are informed that the roof of the bank will not support a helicopter, Sonny demands that a vehicle drive him. He also demands pizzas for the hostages and that his wife be brought to the bank, as night sets in, the lights in the bank all shut off. Sonny goes outside again and discovers that Agent Sheldon has taken command of the scene and he refuses to give Sonny any more favors, but when the bank manager, Mulvaney, goes into a diabetic shock, Agent Sheldon lets a doctor through. While the doctor is inside the bank, Sheldon convinces Leon to talk to Sonny on the phone, the two have a lengthy conversation that reveals Leon had attempted suicide to get away from Sonny. She had been hospitalized at the ward of Bellevue Hospital until the police brought her to the scene
25.
...And Justice for All (film)
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. And Justice for All is a 1979 satirical courtroom drama film, directed by Norman Jewison, and starring Al Pacino, Jack Warden and John Forsythe. Lee Strasberg, Jeffrey Tambor, Christine Lahti, Craig T. Nelson, the Oscar-nominated screenplay was written by Valerie Curtin and Barry Levinson. The film includes a scene in which Pacinos character shouts. The whole trial is out of order and it was filmed in Baltimore, including the courthouse area. It was nominated for two Academy Awards, including for Best Actor and Best Original Screenplay, Arthur Kirkland, a defense attorney in Baltimore, is in jail on a contempt of court charge after punching Judge Henry T. Fleming while arguing the case of Jeff McCullaugh. Though there is new evidence that Jeff is innocent, Fleming refuses McCullaughs appeal due to its late submission. After being released, Arthur takes another case, that of a transgender Ralph Agee, arrested for small crime, Arthur pays regular visits to his grandfather Sam in a nursing home, who is progressively becoming senile. It is revealed that Arthur was abandoned by his parents at a young age, Arthur also begins a romance with a legal ethics committee member, Gail Packer. One day, Arthur is unexpectedly requested to defend Fleming, who has accused of brutally assaulting and raping a young woman. As the two loathe each other, Fleming feels that having the person who hates him argue his innocence will be to his advantage. Fleming blackmails Kirkland with an old violation of lawyer-client confidentiality, for which Arthur will likely be disbarred if it were to come to light, Arthurs friend and partner, Jay Porter, is also unstable. He feels guilt from gaining acquittals for defendants who were guilty of violent crimes. After a violent breakdown at the courthouse, throwing plates at people, before leaving in the ambulance, Arthur asks Warren Fresnell, another partner, to handle Ralphs court hearing in his absence. Arthur gives Warren a corrected version of Ralphs probation report and stresses that it must be shown to the judge so that Ralph will get probation rather than jail time, unfortunately, Warren fails to appear on time and Ralph is sentenced to jail. Arthur is livid and attacks Warrens car, meanwhile, Jeff, sexually and physically abused by other inmates, finally snaps and takes two hostages. Arthur pleads with him to surrender, promising to get him out, a clearly disturbed Arthur takes on Flemings case. He tries to talk the prosecuting attorney, Frank Bowers into throwing the case out but Bowers, Arthur meets with another client, Carl, who gives him photographs that show Fleming engaged in BDSM acts with a prostitute. Gail warns him not to betray a client, revealing that the committee has been keeping their eye on him ever since the contempt of court incident
26.
Scent of a Woman (1992 film)
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The film stars Al Pacino and Chris ODonnell, with James Rebhorn, Philip Seymour Hoffman and Gabrielle Anwar. Pacino won the Academy Award for Best Actor for his performance, the film won three major awards at the Golden Globe Awards, Best Adapted Screenplay, Best Actor and Best Motion Picture – Drama. Charlie Simms is a student at an exclusive New England prep school, unlike most of his peers, Charlie was not born to a wealthy family. Charlie and George Willis, Jr. another student at the preparatory school, following the prank, Trask presses Charlie and George to divulge the names of the perpetrators. Trask offers Charlie a bribe, a letter of recommendation that would guarantee his acceptance to Harvard. Charlie continues to remain silent but appears conflicted, shortly after Charlie arrives, Slade unexpectedly whisks Charlie off on a trip to New York City. Slade reserves a room at the Waldorf-Astoria, during dinner at the Oak Room, Slade glibly states the goals of the trip, which involve enjoying luxurious accommodations in New York before committing suicide. Charlie is taken aback and does not know if Slade is serious and they pay an uninvited surprise visit to Slades brothers home in White Plains for Thanksgiving dinner. Slade is an unpleasant surprise for the family, as he deliberately provokes everyone, during this time, the cause of Slades blindness is also revealed as a drunken trainee mishap with a grenade. As they return to New York, Charlie tells Slade about his complications at school, Slade advises Charlie to inform on his classmates and go to Harvard, warning him that George will probably be pressured into not maintaining his silence. Later at a restaurant, Slade is aware of Donna, a woman waiting for her date. Although blind, Slade leads Donna in a spectacular tango on the dance floor and that night, he hires a female escort. Deeply despondent the next morning, Slade responds to Charlies suggestion that they test drive a Ferrari Mondial t, Charlie lets Slade drive the car and Slade begins speeding, attracting the attention of a police officer, whom Slade manages to appease without giving away his blindness. When they return to the hotel, Slade sends Charlie out on a list of errands, Charlie initially leaves the room but quickly becomes suspicious. Charlie intervenes and attempts to grab Slades gun, Slade, however, easily overpowers him, threatening to shoot Charlie before himself. They enter an argument, with both grappling for the gun, however, after Charlie bravely calms Slade, Slade backs down. The two return to New England, at school, Charlie and George are subjected to a formal inquiry in front of the entire student body and the student/faculty disciplinary committee. As headmaster Trask is opening the proceedings, Slade unexpectedly returns to the school, for his defense, George has enlisted the help of his wealthy father, using his poor vision as an excuse before being pressured by his father into naming all three of the perpetrators
27.
Dick Tracy (1990 film)
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Dick Tracy is a 1990 American action comedy film based on the 1930s comic strip character of the same name created by Chester Gould. Dick Tracy depicts the love relationships with Breathless Mahoney and Tess Truehart. Tracy also begins his upbringing of The Kid, development of the film started in the early 1980s with Tom Mankiewicz assigned to write the script. The screenplay would instead be crafted by Jim Cash and Jack Epps, the project also went through directors Steven Spielberg, John Landis, Walter Hill, and Richard Benjamin before the arrival of Beatty. Filming was mostly at Universal Studios, Danny Elfman was hired to compose the film score, and the music was featured on three separate soundtrack albums. Dick Tracy was released in 1990 to mixed reviews, but was a success at the box office and it picked up seven Academy Award nominations and won in three of the categories, Best Original Song, Best Makeup and Best Art Direction. A sequel was planned, but a controversy over the rights ensued between Beatty and Tribune Media Services. The lawsuit was resolved in Beattys favor in October 2013, however, no plans for a sequel or follow-up have been publicly disclosed as of June 2014. Beatty created The Dick Tracy TV Special in 2008, which featured him reprising the character to be interviewed by film critic Leonard Maltin. At an illegal card game, a street urchin witnesses the massacre of a group of mobsters at the hands of Flattop and Itchy. Big Boys crime syndicate is aggressively taking over small businesses in the city, Detective Dick Tracy catches the urchin in an act of petty theft. After rescuing him from a ruthless host, Tracy temporarily adopts him with the help of his girlfriend, meanwhile, Big Boy coerces club owner Lips Manlis into signing over the deed to Club Ritz. He then kills Lips with a cement overcoat and steals his girlfriend, after Lips is reported missing, Tracy interrogates his three hired guns Flattop, Itchy, and Mumbles, then goes to the club to arrest Big Boy for Lips murder. Instead of providing testimony, she attempts to seduce Tracy. Big Boy cannot be indicted and he is released from jail, Big Boys next move is to try to bring other criminals, including Spud Spaldoni, Pruneface, Influence, Texie Garcia, Ribs Mocca, and Numbers, together under his leadership. Spaldoni refuses and is killed, leaving Dick Tracy, who discovered the meeting and was attempting to spy on it. The next day, Big Boy and his henchmen kidnap Tracy and attempt to bribe him, Tracy refuses, however, Tracy is saved by Kid, who gets prized by the police with a Honorary Detective Certificate, which will remain temporary until he decides a name for himself. Breathless shows up at Tracys apartment, once again in an attempt to seduce him, Tracy shows he is only human by allowing her to kiss him
28.
Glengarry Glen Ross (film)
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Glengarry Glen Ross is a 1992 American drama film, adapted by David Mamet from his 1984 Pulitzer Prize- and Tony-winning play of the same name, and directed by James Foley. The film is set in either New York City or Chicago, like the play, the film is notorious for its use of profanity, leading the cast to refer to the film jokingly as Death of a Fuckin Salesman. The title of the film comes from the names of two of the real estate developments being peddled by the characters, Glengarry Highlands and Glen Ross Farms. The world premiere of the film was held at the 49th Venice Film Festival, al Pacino was nominated for an Academy Award and a Golden Globe for Best Supporting Actor for his work in the film. The film grossed $10.7 million in North America, on a $12.5 million budget. The film depicts two days in the lives of four real estate salesmen who are supplied with leads, the names and phone numbers of prospects, they use deceitful and dubious tactics to make sales. Many of the leads rationed out by the office manager lack either the money or the desire to actually invest in land, Blake is sent by Mitch and Murray, the owners of Premier Properties, to motivate the sales team. Blake unleashes a torrent of abuse on the salesmen and announces that only the top two will be allowed access to the more promising Glengarry leads and the rest of them will be fired. He tries to persuade office manager John Williamson to give him some of the Glengarry leads, Levene tries first to charm Williamson, then to threaten him, and finally to bribe him. Williamson is willing to sell some of the leads. Levene cannot come up with the cash and leaves without any good leads, mosss plan requires Aaronow to break into the office, stage a burglary and steal all of the prime leads. Aaronow wants no part of the plan, but Moss tries to coerce him, at a nearby bar, Ricky Roma, the offices top closer, delivers a long, disjointed but compelling monologue to a meek, middle-aged man named James Lingk. Roma does not broach the subject of a Glengarry Farms real estate deal until he has completely won Lingk over with his speech, framing it as an opportunity rather than a purchase, Roma plays upon Lingks feelings of insecurity. The film then skips to the day when the salesmen come into the office to find that there has been a burglary. Williamson and the police question each of the salesmen in private, after his interrogation, Moss leaves in disgust, only after having one last shouting match with Roma. During the cycle of interrogations, Lingk arrives to tell Roma that his wife has told him to cancel the deal, Levene abets Roma by pretending to be a wealthy investor who just happens to be on his way to the airport. Williamson, unaware of Roma and Levenes stalling tactic, lies to Lingk, upset, Lingk rushes out of the office, and Roma berates Williamson for what he has done. Roma then enters Williamsons office to take his turn being interrogated by the police, Levene, proud of a massive sale he made that morning, takes the opportunity to mock Williamson in private
29.
Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor
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The Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor is an award presented annually by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. It is given in honor of an actor who has delivered a performance in a supporting role while working within the film industry. At the 9th Academy Awards ceremony held in 1937, Walter Brennan was the first winner of award for his role in Come. Initially, winners in both supporting acting categories were awarded instead of statuettes. Beginning with the 16th ceremony held in 1944, however, winners received full-sized statuettes, currently, nominees are determined by single transferable vote within the actors branch of AMPAS, winners are selected by a plurality vote from the entire eligible voting members of the Academy. Since its inception, the award has given to 72 actors. Brennan has received the most awards in this category with three awards, Brennan, Jeff Bridges, Robert Duvall, Arthur Kennedy, Jack Nicholson, and Claude Rains were nominated on four occasions, more than any other actor. As of the 2017 ceremony, Mahershala Ali is the most recent winner in category for his role as Juan in Moonlight. In the following table, the years are listed as per Academy convention, and generally correspond to the year of release in Los Angeles County. Toronto, Ontario, Canada, University of Toronto Press, ISBN 978-1-55002-574-3. org The Academy Awards Database Oscar. com Complete Downloadable List of Academy Award Nominees
30.
Tony Montana
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Antonio Tony Montana is a fictional character and the main protagonist of the 1983 film Scarface. He is portrayed by Al Pacino in the movie, and is voiced by André Sogliuzzo in the 2006 video game Scarface, The World Is Yours. Embodying the rise from the bottom to the top, Tony Montana has become an icon and is one of the most famous movie characters of all time. In 2008, Montana was named the 27th Greatest Movie Character by Empire Magazine and he is partly based on Tony Camonte, the protagonist of the original novel and the 1932 film adaptation. By association the character is inspired by Al Capone. According to Oliver Stone, Tonys last name was inspired by former NFL quarterback, Joe Montana, a prequel novel, Scarface, The Beginning, written by L. A. Banks, was released in 2006. In May 1980, Tony is one of the 125,000 Cubans who after seeking refuge in the Peruvian Embassy, wound up on the Mariel Boatlift to Miami. When he gets there, he is questioned by U. S. officials, he says that he was a political prisoner, however, because of a trident-style tattoo on his right hand, which indicates that he was an assassin in prison, his request is denied. Tony and his friend Manolo Manny Ribera are sent to Freedomtown, after one month in the camp, Frank Lopez, head of a Miami drug cartel, offers to obtain them green cards in return for murdering Emilio Rebenga. Soon after Rebenga arrives at the camp, Manny and Tony and friend take advantage of the August 11 riot, Tony and Manny are granted green cards and released, and the two get jobs as dishwashers for a small food stand in Little Havana. In August 1980, Frank sends his man, Omar Suarez, to offer them a deal smuggling marijuana, offering $500. Tony demands more pay, and he and Omar quarrel, a few days later, Tony, Manny, and their associates Angel and Chi Chi drive to a hotel in Miami Beach to make the deal with a group of Colombians. Tony refuses to talk, and Hector, the enforcers leader, before Hector can do the same to Tony, Manny bursts in the room, shooting an SMG. A short gunfight ensues in which Manny is shot in the arm, Tony, Manny, and Chi Chi escape with the cocaine and the money. Tony, who no longer trusts Omar, takes it to Frank personally, meanwhile, Tony takes an interest in Franks girlfriend, Elvira Hancock. Three months later, Tony pays a visit to his mother Georgina and younger sister Gina, Gina is excited to see Tony, but his mother is ashamed of him, having long ago learned of his life of crime. When he gives his mother $1,000, his mother angrily rejects the gift, Tony leaves, but Gina runs after him and hugs him, telling Tony she has been going to hairdressing school and helping out Mama. Later, while in Bolivia, Tony and Omar go on Franks behalf to see drug cartel lord Alejandro Sosa, Sosa has Omar killed for being a police informant, and makes Tony his business partner
31.
Scarface (1983 film)
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Scarface is a 1983 American crime film directed by Brian De Palma and written by Oliver Stone, a remake of the 1932 film of the same name. The film tells the story of Cuban refugee Tony Montana who arrives in 1980s Miami with nothing, the cast also features Mary Elizabeth Mastrantonio, Steven Bauer, and Michelle Pfeiffer. Scarface was released on December 9,1983 and was a box office success, initial critical reception was mixed, with criticism over excessive violence and profanity and graphic drug usage. Some Cuban expatriates in Miami objected to the portrayal of Cubans as criminals. In the years followed, the film has received reappraisal from critics, considered by some to be one of the best mob films ever made. Screenwriters and directors such as Martin Scorsese have praised the film, which has been referenced extensively in rap music, comic books, and video games. In 1980, Cuban refugee Antonio Tony Montana arrives in Miami, Florida, the four are released from the camp in exchange for assassinating a former Cuban government official at the request of wealthy drug dealer Frank Lopez, and they are given green cards. They become dishwashers in a diner, Franks henchman Omar Suarez gives the group the opportunity to purchase cocaine from Colombian dealers, but the deal collapses. Angel is dismembered with a chainsaw, while Manny and Chi-Chi rescue Tony, suspecting that Omar betrayed them, Tony and Manny insist on personally delivering the recovered drugs and money to Frank. During their meeting, Tony is attracted to Franks girlfriend Elvira Hancock and he and Manny are hired to work for Frank. Months later, Tony visits his mother Georgina and younger sister Gina, disgusted by his life of crime, Georgina throws Tony out. Manny comments on Ginas beauty before being warned by Tony to stay away from her, Frank sends Tony and Omar to Bolivia to meet with cocaine kingpin Alejandro Sosa. Tony negotiates a deal without Franks approval, angering Omar, who leaves to contact Frank, Sosa claims that Omar is a police informant and then has Tony witness as a beaten Omar is hanged from a helicopter. Tony vouches for Franks organization, so Sosa agrees to the deal, back in Miami, Frank is infuriated by Omars demise and the unauthorized deal struck by Tony, prompting Tony to establish his own organization. At a nightclub, corrupt detective Mel Bernstein attempts to extort money from Tony in return for protection and information. Tony angers Frank further by openly pursuing Elvira in the club, Gina is also there, and Tony notices her dancing and being groped by a man. Hit men attempt to assassinate Tony, but he escapes from the club, Tony, Manny, and Chi-Chi go to Franks office, certain that his former boss sent both Bernstein and the assassins. At gunpoint, Frank confesses to his involvement and begs for his life, Tony marries Elvira and becomes the dealer of Sosas supplies
32.
Carlito's Way
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Carlitos Way is a 1993 American crime film directed by Brian De Palma, based on the novels Carlitos Way and After Hours by Judge Edwin Torres. The film adaptation was scripted by David Koepp and it stars Al Pacino, Sean Penn, Penelope Ann Miller, Luis Guzman, John Leguizamo, Jorge Porcel, Joseph Siravo and Viggo Mortensen. Carlito Brigante, a fictional Puerto Rican criminal vows to go straight, however, his past will not let him, and he unwittingly ends up being dragged into the same criminal activities that got him imprisoned in the first place. Carlitos Way received a response from critics, with a similar lukewarm result at the box office. Both Sean Penn and Penelope Ann Miller received Golden Globe nominations for their performances, a prequel titled Carlitos Way, Rise to Power, based on the first novel, was filmed and released direct-to-video in 2005. In 1975, after serving 5 years of a 30 year prison sentence, Carlito Brigante is freed on a legal technicality exploited by his friend and lawyer. Carlito vows to be through with his activities but is persuaded to accompany his young cousin Guajiro to a drug deal held at a bar. Guajiro is betrayed and killed by his suppliers and Carlito is forced to shoot his way out, as nightclub co-owner, Carlito declines several offers for a business partnership with an ambitious, albeit obnoxious, young gangster from the Bronx named Benny Blanco. Carlito also rekindles his romance with his former girlfriend Gail, a dancer who moonlights as a stripper. Kleinfeld develops a love interest with Bennys girlfriend, Steffie, a waitress at Carlitos nightclub, Bennys frustration with Carlitos constant rejections boils over and he confronts Carlito one night at his table. Carlito publicly humiliates Benny, who reacts by manhandling Steffie, fueled by his now extensive use of alcohol and cocaine, Kleinfeld brazenly pulls out a gun and threatens to kill Benny, but Carlito intervenes. Despite being personally threatened by Benny himself, Carlito lets Benny go unharmed, Kleinfeld begs for Carlitos assistance in the prison break, and Carlito reluctantly agrees. Under cover of night, Carlito, Kleinfeld, and Tony Ts son, Frankie, as they pull Tony T aboard, Kleinfeld unexpectedly bludgeons him to death then slits Frankies throat and dumps both of their bodies in the East River. Carlito immediately severs his ties with Kleinfeld and decides to leave town with Gail, the next day, Kleinfeld barely survives a retaliatory assassination attempt when hes stabbed in the chest at his office by two mobsters. Carlito is apprehended by police and taken to the office of District Attorney Norwalk, Norwalk advises that he is aware of Carlito as an accomplice to the Taglialucci murders in an attempt to leverage him into betraying Kleinfeld to save himself, but Carlito refuses. Carlito visits Kleinfeld under police protection in the hospital, where Kleinfeld confesses to selling him out, having noticed a suspicious man dressed in a police uniform waiting in the lobby, Carlito deftly unloads Kleinfelds revolver and parts ways with him. The man turns out to be Tony Ts other son, Vinnie, Vinnie sneaks into Kleinfelds room and executes him without incident because of Kleinfelds empty gun. Carlito then buys train tickets to Miami for himself and Gail, when he stops by his club to get the stashed money, Carlito is met by a group of Italian mobsters led by Vinnie
33.
Heat (1995 film)
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Heat is a 1995 American crime film written, produced and directed by Michael Mann, and starring Robert De Niro, Al Pacino, and Val Kilmer. De Niro plays Neil McCauley, a thief, while Pacino plays Lt. Vincent Hanna. The story is based on the former Chicago police officer Chuck Adamsons pursuit during the 1960s of a criminal named McCauley, after whom De Niros character is named. Mann originally wrote and filmed the script as a pilot of a television series and it was well received by critics. Career criminals Neil McCauley and his crew, Chris Shiherlis, Michael Cheritto, during the heist, Waingro impulsively kills a guard, infuritating McCauley. As the team attempts to kill Waingro, he escapes, McCauleys fence, Nate, suggests he sell the stolen bonds back to their original owner, money launderer Roger Van Zant. Van Zant agrees, but instructs his men to ambush McCauley at the meeting, McCauley survives the ambush and vows revenge against Van Zant. LAPD Lieutenant Vincent Hanna, working with Sergeant Drucker and Detectives Sammy Casals, Mike Bosko and Danny Schwartz, investigate the heist and they discover their next target to be a precious metals depository. The unit stakes out the depository and observe the crime in progress, Hanna, dissatisfied with the lack of evidence, lets McCauleys crew escape. Despite the increased police surveillance, McCauleys crew agrees to one last brazen bank robbery worth $12 million to secure their financial futures, Waingro approaches Van Zant with information about eliminating McCauleys crew. McCauley starts a relationship with Eady, a designer he meets in a cafe, Hanna moves into a hotel after learning his wife Justine is having an affair. Hanna pulls over McCauley on the freeway and invites him to coffee, both men reaffirm their commitment to their work and to using lethal force if necessary to stop the other. After coffee, Hanna discovers that McCauleys crew have evaded their surveillance, when Trejo withdraws from the robbery, McCauley recruits ex-convict Donald Breedan into the crew. Hannas unit receives a tip and interrupt McCauleys crew in the middle of their bank robbery. In the ensuing gunfight, several officers, including Bosko, are killed, while McCauleys crew loses Breedan. Shiherlis is wounded, but escapes with McCauley, McCauley leaves Shiherlis with a doctor to treat his wounds. He breaks into Trejos house to find Trejo near death, Trejo reveals that Waingro alerted Van Zant to their bank robbery, who subsequently informed the police. McCauley finishes off Trejo at his own request, then kills Van Zant at his home, McCauley approaches Eady, who has accepted his criminal activities, with a plan to flee to New Zealand
34.
Benjamin Ruggiero
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Benjamin Ruggiero, also known as Lefty, Lefty Guns, and Lefty Two Guns, was a soldier in the Bonanno crime family. He is well known for his friendship and mentorship of FBI undercover agent Joseph Donnie Brasco Pistone, Ruggiero was an old school Cosa Nostra mobster who knew how Mafia politics worked. Ruggiero allegedly murdered around 26 people and refused to break omertà when arrested, born in the Fourth Ward neighborhood of Manhattan, Ruggiero grew up in the Knickerbocker Village private housing development in Little Italy, Manhattan. Ruggiero joined the Bonanno family organization as a man, serving as a street soldier under caporegime Michael Sabella. Ruggiero soon became successful in bookmaking, extortion and loansharking rackets, Ruggiero was a 6-foot tall, lean-bodied man with a narrow face, intense eyes, slightly stooped shoulders and a cigarette-raspy voice. He lived in an apartment on Monroe Street in Manhattan in the building as his friend. Ruggiero reportedly owned a boat that he kept docked on the East River in New York. Ruggiero became good friends with future family boss Philip Rusty Rastelli, Ruggiero became the part-owner of a fishery in the Fulton Fish Market in Manhattan. As a part-owner, Ruggiero was able to put himself on the payroll with a $5. During the 1970s, he purchased a social club in Little Italy, Ruggiero loved animals and his apartment had several tanks with tropical fish. He also had a pet lion cub, which he had to let go once it got too big, Ruggiero had an estranged brother who changed his surname to Reggero to avoid association with the rest of the family. Ruggiero had three daughters and one son, Thomas Sbano, with his first wife, in the late 1950s, Ruggiero left his first wife, eventually moving in with his second wife, Louise. In September 1977, Ruggiero married Louise in a ceremony at New York City Hall. Ruggieros son, Thomas, struggled with a heroin dependency until he checked into a rehabilitation center in 1979. Ruggieros younger daughter worked at a New York hospital and managed a booth at the Feast of San Gennaro in Little Italy, Two of Ruggieros daughters reportedly married mobsters. The Bonanno family allegedly discovered that Ruggieros son-in-law, Marco, was cheating the family and is alleged to have told Ruggiero to eliminate him, Marco disappeared and his body was never recovered. Around the time Ruggiero became a member of the Bonanno family, Anthony Mirra introduced Brasco, posing as an expert jewel thief, to Ruggiero. Pistones original mission had been to infiltrate truck hijacking and fencing rings, however, the friendships Pistone developed with Mirra and Ruggiero gave the FBI the chance to infiltrate the Mafia
35.
Donnie Brasco (film)
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Donnie Brasco is a 1997 American crime drama film directed by Mike Newell, and starring Al Pacino and Johnny Depp. Michael Madsen, Bruno Kirby, James Russo, and Anne Heche appeared in supporting roles, Brasco maneuvers his way into the confidence of an aging hit-man, Lefty Ruggiero, who vouches for him. As Donnie moves deeper into the Mafia, he realizes that not only is he crossing the line between federal agent and criminal, but also leading his friend Lefty to an almost certain death and it was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Adapted Screenplay. The adaptation of the book by Joseph D. Pistone and Richard Woodley was by screenwriter Paul Attanasio, the film was a box office success, earning $124.9 million against a $35 million budget, and receiving critical acclaim. Aging gangster Benjamin Lefty Ruggiero is introduced to a thief named Donnie Brasco. Donnie impresses Lefty by threatening a diamond dealer whom Donnie suspects of selling Lefty a fake ring, Donnie Brasco is actually Joseph D. Pistone, an undercover FBI agent. His wife hates his job, and the couple have heated arguments throughout the film, at home, Josephs behavior becomes more and more like the criminal he pretends to be. After the Bonanno familys street boss is killed, Sonny Red assumes the new position, Sonny Black is promoted to captain, angering Lefty, as he provided for Sonny Blacks family while the latter was in prison. As the crew runs a series of successful shakedowns and hijackings in Brooklyn, due to Josephs success at infiltrating the Mafia, a man from Washington, Dean Blanford, takes an interest in the case. He asks Joseph to incorporate a Miami-based FBI agent, Richard Richie Gazzo, Joseph is reluctant but convinces Sonny Black and crew to meet Richie in Miami. In Miami, Donnie and Lefty plan to run Richies club on their own, however, Sonny Black reaches out to Trafficante first, angering Lefty, especially when Sonny Black tells Donnie to work for him and run the club as an unofficial made man. Donnie reconciles with Lefty when Leftys son nearly dies of a drug overdose, on its opening day, Sonny Blacks club is raided by Miami police on orders from Trafficante himself, who was in allegiance with Sonny Red. Suspecting the latter is responsible, the crew, without Donnie, kill Sonny Red, with Sonny Black the new street boss, Donnie is tasked with finding and killing Sonny Reds son, Bruno. One last dispute between Donnie and his wife becomes physical and he hits his wife and is then remorseful, I am not becoming like them, Maggie, I am them. Knowing he will have to end his case and make arrests, Lefty confronts Donnie about working with the FBI. If Donnie does not kill Bruno, Lefty will kill Donnie, before either murder can be committed, FBI agents rush in to arrest both potential killers. FBI agents reveal Donnies true identity to Sonny Black and the crew, Lefty walks off to his implied death for letting Donnie infiltrate the gang, and Joseph is awarded with a $500 check and medal for his work. Pistone, and served as a consultant for his book Donnie Brasco, once the book came out, Levinsons company, Baltimore Pictures, purchased the rights, with screenwriter Paul Attanasio set to write the script
36.
Lowell Bergman
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He is also a producer/correspondent for the PBS documentary series Frontline. Bergman’s career spans five decades, most notably as a producer. The story of his investigation into the industry was chronicled in the Academy Award–nominated film The Insider. From 1999 to 2008, Bergman was a correspondent for The New York Times. Creating collaborative investigative projects using broadcast, print and the Web became his specialty and that story is the only winner of the Pulitzer Prize to also be acknowledged with every major award in broadcasting. Bergmans grandmother was the first secretary-treasurer of the ILGWU local in New York and his parents were both eastern European Jewish immigrants, his father coming from Hungary to Cuba to the United States. His mother was a member of the Poale Zion, in 1969 he co-founded San Diego Free Press, an alternative newspaper, with several fellow students. Bergman and fellow student Richard Black Dick Blackburn instigated the probe which later toppled the San Diego financial empire of C, arnholt Smith, President and CEO of U. S. National Bank in San Diego. Bergman went on to contribute to Ramparts and San Francisco Examiner and he later worked as an associate editor at Rolling Stone. In 1977, Bergman helped found the Center for Investigative Reporting and he was part of the reporting team that continued the work of Arizona Republic reporter Don Bolles, who was assassinated in 1976 while investigating land fraud committed by organized crime. From 1978 until 1983, Bergman was a producer, reporter and he was one of the original producers of 20/20. He also produced the first U. S. television interviews with Lebanons Hezbollah leadership, the story of Bergmans investigation of the tobacco industry for 60 Minutes was chronicled in the 1999 feature film The Insider, in which Bergman was played by Al Pacino. An early adopter and advocate of the model, Bergman forged an alliance between The New York Times and Frontline after leaving network news in the late 1990s. It also yielded a number of award-winning projects—all with print, broadcast, Bergman has received top honors in both print and broadcasting. The series, A Dangerous Business, detailed a record of egregious worker safety violations coupled with the violation of environmental laws in the iron sewer and water pipe industry. That story, which appeared as both a print series and a documentary, is the winner of the Pulitzer Prize also to be acknowledged with every major award in broadcasting. In May 2006, Bergman was named the Reva and David Logan Distinguished Professor at the University of California and he is also the recipient of numerous Emmys and other honors, including five Alfred I. Bergman also helps in securing support from both private donors and foundations for travel and research expenses that facilitate the students’ work
37.
The Insider (film)
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The Insider is a 1999 American drama film directed by Michael Mann, from a script adapted by Eric Roth and Mann from Marie Brenners Vanity Fair article The Man Who Knew Too Much. The film stars Al Pacino and Russell Crowe, with supporting actors including Christopher Plummer, Bruce McGill, Diane Venora, though not a box office success, The Insider received overwhelmingly positive reviews, with particular focus on Crowes portrayal of Wigand, and Manns direction. It was nominated for seven Academy Awards, including Best Picture, a prologue establishes the courage and journalistic integrity of Bergman and Mike Wallace as they prepare to interview Sheikh Fadlallah for 60 Minutes. In Louisville, Kentucky, Dr. Jeffrey Wigand arrives home from his office at the Brown & Williamson Tobacco Company, Bergman approaches Wigand for help translating technical documents. Wigand agrees, but Bergman is intrigued when he cites a corporate confidentiality agreement, Wigand is later summoned to a meeting with the B&W CEO, who threatens legal action and cessation of severance benefits if he does not sign a more restrictive confidentiality agreement. Wigand angrily leaves, and accuses Bergman of betraying him, Bergman visits Wigands home and vigorously defends himself. Wigand is reassured but hesitant to anything that might threaten his familys medical coverage. The Wigand family move into a more modest house, Wigand now working as a teacher, one night his younger daughter Barbara sees someone outside. Wigand finds a fresh footprint in the garden, and receives a phone call. Some time later Wigand receives a death threat against him and his family. He contacts the FBI, but the agents who attend are hostile, Wigand, furious over the threats, demands Bergman arrange an interview. In the interview, Wigand states that B&W intentionally make their cigarettes more addictive, Bergman later arranges a security detail for Wigands home, and the Wigands suffer marital stress. Wigand is served with a Kentucky court order prohibiting his testimony in Mississippi, on returning to Louisville, Wigand discovers that Liane has left him and taken their daughters. Bergman, Wallace and Don Hewitt, the creator and executive producer of 60 Minutes, meet with CBS News legal counsel, Caperelli invokes and describes a legal theory, tortious interference, whereby one who induces someone to break a legal agreement may be sued for interfering. By this theory, CBS exposes itself to action from B&W if Wigand breaks confidentiality in his interview. Eric Kluster, the president of CBS News, decides to omit Wigands interview from the segment, Bergman objects, believing that CBS Corporate wishes to avoid jeopardizing the pending sale of CBS to Westinghouse, which would enrich both Caperelli and Kluster. Wigand is appalled, and terminates contact with Bergman, an investigator probes Wigands personal history, their findings published and circulated to the news media as a 500-page dossier. Bergman learns that The Wall Street Journal will soon use this in a piece questioning Wigands credibility, Bergman believes that Wigand is being smeared, and arranges for Jack Palladino, an attorney and investigator, to evaluate it
38.
Insomnia (2002 film)
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Insomnia is a 2002 American psychological thriller film directed by Christopher Nolan, and starring Al Pacino, Robin Williams and Hilary Swank. It tells the story of two Los Angeles homicide detectives investigating a murder in an Alaskan town, a remake of the 1997 Norwegian film of the same name, Insomnia was released on May 24,2002, to critical acclaim and commercial success, grossing $113 million worldwide. To date, this is the film that Nolan has directed without receiving at least a share of one of the writing credits. In the small fishing town of Nightmute, Alaska, 17-year-old Kay Connell is found murdered, LAPD detectives Will Dormer and Hap Eckhart are sent to assist the local police with their investigation, at the request of police chief Nyback, an old colleague of Dormers. Also, an intense Internal Affairs investigation in Los Angeles is about to put Dormer under the microscope, Eckhart reveals that Internal Affairs has offered him an immunity deal in exchange for his testimony regarding one of Dormers past cases. Eckhart says that he has no choice but to accept the deal, Dormer comes up with a plan to lure the murderer back to the scene of the crime. The attempt fails, however, and the suspect flees into the fog, the police give chase, and the suspect shoots one through the leg. Dormer spots a figure in the fog and fires with his backup weapon, on his way to the fallen figure, Dormer picks up a.38 pistol the suspect has dropped. He then discovers that he has shot Eckhart, as he dies, Eckhart accuses Dormer of murdering him. Because of Eckharts pending testimony against his partner, Dormer knows that Internal Affairs will never believe the shooting was an accident and he tells his colleagues Eckhart was shot by the suspect. He doesnt mention he has the.38 pistol, ellie Burr, a young local detective, is put in charge of the investigation of Eckharts shooting. Police find the bullet that sliced the first officers leg, a.38 caliber and that night, Dormer walks to an alley and fires the.38 pistol into an animal carcass. He retrieves the bullet and cleans it, then visits the morgue, the staffer hands him the bagged bullet retrieved from Eckharts body. She is unfamiliar with its type and he leaves and switches the bullet with one from the.38. Over the next few days, Dormer is plagued by insomnia, brought on by his guilt over killing Eckhart and he then starts receiving anonymous phone calls from the suspect, who claims to have witnessed Dormer kill his partner. After looking through her belongings, the police learn that Kay was a fan of a crime writer named Walter Finch. Dormer looks up his address in nearby Umkumiut and breaks into his apartment, Finch soon comes home, realizes the police have arrived, and evades Dormer after a chase. While there, he plants the.38 to frame Finch, Finch later contacts him and arranges a meeting on a ferry
39.
HBO
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Home Box Office is an American premium cable and satellite television network that is owned by Time Warner through its respective flagship company Home Box Office, Inc. HBO is the oldest and longest continuously operating pay television service in the United States, in 2014, HBO had an adjusted operating income of US$1.79 billion, compared to the US$1.68 billion it accrued in 2013. HBO has 49 million subscribers in the United States and 130 million worldwide as of 2016, the network provides seven 24-hour multiplex channels, including HBO Comedy, HBO Latino, HBO Signature and HBO Family. It launched the streaming service HBO Now in April 2015, and has over 2 million subscribers in the United States as of February 2017. In addition to its U. S. subscriber base, HBO distributes content in at least 151 countries, HBO subscribers generally pay for an extra tier of service that includes other cable- and satellite-exclusive channels even before paying for the channel itself. Cable providers can require the use of a converter box – usually digital – in order to receive HBO, many HBO programs have been syndicated to other networks and broadcast television stations, and a number of HBO-produced series and films have been released on DVD. The new system, which Dolan named Sterling Information Services, became the first urban underground cable system in the United States. In that same year, Time-Life, Inc. purchased a 20% stake in Dolans company, in the summer of 1971, while on a family vacation in France, Charles Dolan began to think of ideas to make Sterling Manhattan profitable. He came up with the concept for a television service. Dolan later presented his idea to Time-Life management, though satellite distribution seemed only a distant possibility at the time, he persuaded Time-Life to back him on the project. To gauge whether consumers would be interested in subscribing to a pay television service, in a meeting of Dolan and some Time-Life executives who were working on the project, various other names were discussed for the new service. Home Box Office launched on November 8,1972, however, HBOs launch came without fanfare in the press, as it was not covered by any local or national media outlets. Home Box Office distributed its first sports event immediately after the film, Four months later in February 1973, Home Box Office aired its first television special, the Pennsylvania Polka Festival. Home Box Office would use a network of relay towers to distribute its programming to cable systems throughout its service area. Sterling Manhattan Cable continued to lose money because the company had only a small base of 20,000 customers in Manhattan. Time-Life dropped the Sterling name and the company was renamed Manhattan Cable Television under Time-Lifes control in March 1973, Gerald Levin, who had been with Home Box Office since it began operations as its vice president of programming, replaced Dolan as the companys president and chief executive officer. In September 1973, Time-Life, Inc. completed its acquisition of the pay service. HBO would eventually increase its fortunes within two years, by April 1975, the service had around 100,000 subscribers in Pennsylvania and New York state, in 1974, they settled on using a geostationary communications satellite to transmit HBO to cable providers throughout the United States
40.
Angels in America (miniseries)
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Angels in America is a 2003 American HBO miniseries directed by Mike Nichols and based on the play by the same name written by Tony Kushner. Set in 1985, the film revolves around six desperate New Yorkers whose lives intersect, at its core, it has the fantastical story of Prior Walter, a gay man living with AIDS who is visited by an angel. The film explores a variety of themes, including Reagan era politics, the spreading AIDS epidemic. Angels in America was the most-watched made-for-cable film in 2003, garnering critical acclaim and multiple Golden Globe and Emmy awards. In 2006, The Seattle Times listed the series amongst Best of the filmed AIDS portrayals on the occasion of the 25th anniversary of AIDS and it is 1985, Ronald Reagan is in the White House, and AIDS is causing mass death in the Americas. In Manhattan, Prior Walter tells Louis, his lover of four years, as disease and loneliness ravage Prior, guilt invades Louis. Joe Pitt, a Mormon and Republican attorney, is pushed by right-wing fixer Roy Cohn toward a job at the United States Department of Justice, both Pitt and Cohn are in the closet, Pitt out of shame and religious turmoil, Cohn to preserve his power and image. Pitts wife Harper is strung out on Valium, causing her to hallucinate constantly, an angel with ulterior motives commands Prior to become a prophet. Pitts mother and Belize, a friend and drag queen. Joe leaves his wife and goes to live with Louis but the relationship doesnt work out due to ideological differences, Roy is diagnosed with AIDS early on and as his life comes to a close he is haunted by the ghost of Ethel Rosenberg. As the film continues, these lost souls come together to create bonds of love, loss, and loneliness and in the end, discover forgiveness and overcome abandonment. Cary Brokaw, executive producer of the series, worked for ten years to bring the 1991 stage production to television, having first read it in 1989. In 1993, Al Pacino committed to playing the role of Roy Cohn, in the meantime, a number of directors, including Robert Altman, were part of the project. Altman worked on the project in 1993 and 1994, before budget constraints forced him to move out, as few studios could risk producing two successive 150 minute movies at the cost of $40 million. Subsequently, Kushner tried squeezing the play into a film, at which he eventually failed, realizing there was literally too much plot. While Kushner continued adapting the play until the late 1990s, HBO Films stepped in as producer, Brokaw gave Mike Nichols the script while he was working with him on Wit starring Emma Thompson, who also co-adapted the play of the same title. The principal cast, including Meryl Streep, Pacino, and Thompson, jeffrey Wright was the only original cast member to appear in the stage version, having won the 1994 Tony Award for Best Performance by a Featured Actor for his stage performance. The shooting started in May 2002, and after a 137-day schedule, filming was done primarily at Kaufman Astoria Studios, New York City, with important scenes at Bethesda Fountain, Central Park, Manhattan
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Jack Kevorkian
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Jacob Jack Kevorkian was an American pathologist, euthanasia activist, painter, author, composer, and instrumentalist. He is best known for championing a terminal patients right to die via physician-assisted suicide. He was often portrayed in the media with the name of Dr. Death, however, many consider him a hero and he famously said, Dying is not a crime. In 1999, Kevorkian was arrested and tried for his role in a case of voluntary euthanasia. He was convicted of murder and served eight years of a 10-to-25-year prison sentence. As an oil painter and a musician, Kevorkian marketed limited quantities of his visual and musical artwork to the public. Kevorkian was born in Pontiac, Michigan, on May 26,1928 and his father, Levon, was born in the village of Passen, near Erzurum, and his mother, Satenig, was born in the village of Govdun, near Sivas. His father left Armenia in the Ottoman Empire and made his way to Pontiac in 1912, Satenig fled the Armenian Genocide of 1915, finding refuge with relatives in Paris, and eventually reuniting with her brother in Pontiac. Levon and Satenig met through the Armenian community in their city, the couple had a daughter, Margaret, in 1926, followed by son Jack — and, lastly, the third child, Flora. Kevorkian graduated from Pontiac Central High School with honors in 1945, in 1952, he graduated from the University of Michigan Medical School in Ann Arbor. Kevorkian completed residency training in anatomical and clinical pathology and briefly conducted research on blood transfusion, over a period of decades, Kevorkian developed several controversial ideas related to death. Ultimately, he gained support for his plan. He returned to the idea of using death row inmates for medical purposes after the Supreme Courts 1976 decision in Gregg v. Georgia re-instituted the death penalty. He advocated harvesting the organs from inmates after the penalty was carried out for transplant into sick patients. As a pathologist at Pontiac General Hospital, Kevorkian experimented with transfusing blood from the deceased into live patients. He drew blood from corpses recently brought into the hospital and transferred it successfully into the bodies of hospital staff members. Kevorkian thought that the U. S. military might be interested in using this technique to help wounded soldiers during a battle, in the 1980s, Kevorkian wrote a series of articles for the German journal Medicine and Law that laid out his thinking on the ethics of euthanasia. In 1987, Kevorkian started advertising in Detroit newspapers as a consultant for death counseling
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Biographical film
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A biographical film, or biopic, is a film that dramatizes the life of a non-fictional or historically-based person or people. Such films show the life of a person and the central characters real name is used. Because the figures portrayed are actual people, whose actions and characteristics are known to the public, biopic roles are considered some of the most demanding of actors and actresses. Biopic scholars include George F. Custen of the College of Staten Island, Custen, in Bio/Pics, How Hollywood Constructed Public History, regards the genre as having died with the Hollywood studio era, and in particular, Darryl F. Zanuck. On the other hand, Binghams 2010 study Whose Lives Are They Anyway, ellen Cheshires Bio-Pics, a life in pictures examines UK/US films from the 1990s and 2000s. Each chapter reviews key films linked by profession and concludes with further viewing list, christopher Robé has also written on the gender norms that underlie the biopic in his article, Taking Hollywood Back in the 2009 issue of Cinema Journal. The Hurricane is not a documentary but a parable, some biopics purposely stretch the truth. Confessions of a Dangerous Mind was based on game show host Chuck Barris widely debunked yet popular memoir of the same name, Kafka incorporated both the life of author Franz Kafka and the surreal aspects of his fiction. The Errol Flynn film They Died with Their Boots On tells the story of Custer but is highly romanticized, casting can be controversial for biographical films. Casting is often a balance between similarity in looks and ability to portray the characteristics of the person, anthony Hopkins felt that he should not have played Richard Nixon in Nixon because of a lack of resemblance between the two. The casting of John Wayne as Genghis Khan in The Conqueror was objected to because of the American Wayne being cast as the Mongol warlord. Egyptian critics criticized the casting of Louis Gossett, Jr. an African American actor, also, some objected to the casting of Jennifer Lopez in Selena because she is a New York City native of Puerto Rican descent while Selena was Mexican-American. Biographical novel Biography in literature List of biographical films
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