Albany Medical Center is the only academic medical center serving northeastern New York and western New England. It is the anchor of the Albany Med Health System, a regionally governed, not-for-profit health system consisting of Albany Medical Center, Albany Medical College, Columbia Memorial Health, Glens Falls Hospital, Saratoga Hospital, and the Visiting Nurses. Albany Medical Center awards the Albany Medical Center Prize, the second-highest value prize in medicine and biomedical research in the United States, annually. Within Albany Medical Center is the Bernard & Millie Duker Children's Hospital that treats infants, children, teens, and young adults throughout the region.

Albany Medical College (AMC) is a private medical school in Albany, New York. It was founded in 1839 by Alden March and James H. Armsby and is one of the oldest medical schools in the nation. The college is part of the Albany Medical Center, which includes the Albany Medical Center Hospital. Along with Albany College of Pharmacy, Albany Law School, the Dudley Observatory, and Union College, it is one of the constituent entities of Union University.