1.
The Brady Bunch
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The Brady Bunch is an American sitcom created by Sherwood Schwartz that aired from September 26,1969, to March 8,1974, on ABC. The series revolves around a large blended family with six children, considered one of the last of the old-style family sitcoms, the series aired for five seasons and, after its cancellation in 1974, went into syndication in September 1975. While the series was never a critical or ratings success during its run, it has since become a popular staple in syndication, especially among children. In 1995, the series was adapted into a satirical comedy film titled The Brady Bunch Movie. A second sequel, The Brady Bunch in the White House, in 1997, Getting Davy Jones was ranked number 37 on TV Guides 100 Greatest Episodes of All-Time. He set to work on a script for a series tentatively titled Mine. Schwartz then developed the script to include three children for each parent, while Mike Brady is depicted as being a widower, Schwartz originally wanted the character of Carol Brady to have been a divorcée, but the network objected to this. A compromise was reached whereby Carols marital status was never directly revealed, Schwartz shopped the series to the big three television networks of the era. ABC, CBS, and NBC all liked the script, but each network wanted changes before they would commit to filming, nonetheless, the outstanding success of the United Artists film was a factor in ABCs decision to order episodes for the series. As the sets were built on Paramount Television stage 5, adjacent to the stage where H. R, filming of the pilot began on Friday, October 4,1968, and lasted eight days. Mike Brady, an architect with three sons, Greg, Peter, and Bobby, marries Carol Martin, who herself has three daughters, Marcia, Jan, and Cindy. The wife and daughters take the Brady surname, included in the blended family are Mikes live-in housekeeper, Alice Nelson, and the boys dog, Tiger. The setting is a large, suburban, two-story house designed by Mike, in the first season, awkward adjustments, accommodations, gender rivalries, and resentments inherent in blended families dominate the stories. In an early episode, Carol tells Bobby that the steps in their household lead to the second floor. Thereafter, the focus on typical preteen and teenaged adjustments such as sibling rivalry, puppy love, self image, character building. The regular cast appeared in a title sequence in which video head shots were arranged in a three-by-three grid. In a 2010 issue of TV Guide, the opening title sequence ranked number eight on a list of TVs top-10 credits sequences. Robert Reed as Mike Brady Florence Henderson as Carol Brady Ann B and he is the owner of a local butcher shop
2.
Alice Nelson
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The following is a list and description of the primary characters from the classic American television series The Brady Bunch. The characters also appeared in all subsequent reunions, remakes, Michael Paul Mike Brady, portrayed by Robert Reed in the TV show and Gary Cole in movies, is the male head of the Brady household. In episode #4 of The Bradys, Hat in the Ring, Mike, a widowed architect, brought three sons to his marriage with Carol Martin and became the stepfather to her three daughters. He was named Father of the Year by a newspaper after his stepdaughter Marcia submitted an essay in his honor. The characters parents were mentioned but never seen, but his paternal grandfather. Shortly into the season, Mike Brady grew his hair into a longer. Mike had a firm personal integrity coupled with a sense of ethics. The writers imply that Mike Brady is a highly qualified and well-respected architect. His failures tended to be successes, for instance, in A Very Brady Christmas, contractor Ted Roberts fires Mike when he refuses to cut corners and take out important safety provisions. Mike, however, is proven right when the structure begins to crumble. In the episode How to Succeed in Business, Mike acknowledges that he has lost jobs. This is to reassure his son Peter that failure and getting fired are a part of life, Mike was one of the staff architects with the firm he worked at, the name was never mentioned in the series, and Mr. Ed Phillips was his boss. By the time A Very Brady Christmas and The Bradys aired, both Gene Hackman and Jeffrey Hunter were considered for the role of Mike Brady. Hackman was Sherwood Schwartzs first choice, but was rejected by Paramount for not having enough experience, Jeffrey Hunter approached Schwartz to play Mike Brady, but Schwartz felt Hunter was too attractive to play a down-to-earth architect. In 2004, TV Guide ranked him number 14 on its 50 Greatest TV Dads of All Time list. Caroline Carol Ann Brady - f/k/a Caroline Martin, née Caroline Ann Tyler, portrayed by Florence Henderson in the TV series, at the beginning of the pilot, her last name is Martin from her first marriage, during which she had had three daughters. She gains three stepsons when she marries Mike Brady, Carol enjoys singing in the church choir, and with her daughter Marcia in the high school Family Frolic Talent Show. In the episode A Fistful of Reasons, in which Cindy is bullied because of her lisp, Carol confesses that she too overcame a lisp while growing up in Swampscott, Massachusetts
3.
New York City, New York
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The City of New York, often called New York City or simply New York, is the most populous city in the United States. With an estimated 2015 population of 8,550,405 distributed over an area of about 302.6 square miles. Located at the tip of the state of New York. Home to the headquarters of the United Nations, New York is an important center for international diplomacy and has described as the cultural and financial capital of the world. Situated on one of the worlds largest natural harbors, New York City consists of five boroughs, the five boroughs – Brooklyn, Queens, Manhattan, The Bronx, and Staten Island – were consolidated into a single city in 1898. In 2013, the MSA produced a gross metropolitan product of nearly US$1.39 trillion, in 2012, the CSA generated a GMP of over US$1.55 trillion. NYCs MSA and CSA GDP are higher than all but 11 and 12 countries, New York City traces its origin to its 1624 founding in Lower Manhattan as a trading post by colonists of the Dutch Republic and was named New Amsterdam in 1626. The city and its surroundings came under English control in 1664 and were renamed New York after King Charles II of England granted the lands to his brother, New York served as the capital of the United States from 1785 until 1790. It has been the countrys largest city since 1790, the Statue of Liberty greeted millions of immigrants as they came to the Americas by ship in the late 19th and early 20th centuries and is a symbol of the United States and its democracy. In the 21st century, New York has emerged as a node of creativity and entrepreneurship, social tolerance. Several sources have ranked New York the most photographed city in the world, the names of many of the citys bridges, tapered skyscrapers, and parks are known around the world. Manhattans real estate market is among the most expensive in the world, Manhattans Chinatown incorporates the highest concentration of Chinese people in the Western Hemisphere, with multiple signature Chinatowns developing across the city. Providing continuous 24/7 service, the New York City Subway is one of the most extensive metro systems worldwide, with 472 stations in operation. Over 120 colleges and universities are located in New York City, including Columbia University, New York University, and Rockefeller University, during the Wisconsinan glaciation, the New York City region was situated at the edge of a large ice sheet over 1,000 feet in depth. The ice sheet scraped away large amounts of soil, leaving the bedrock that serves as the foundation for much of New York City today. Later on, movement of the ice sheet would contribute to the separation of what are now Long Island and Staten Island. The first documented visit by a European was in 1524 by Giovanni da Verrazzano, a Florentine explorer in the service of the French crown and he claimed the area for France and named it Nouvelle Angoulême. Heavy ice kept him from further exploration, and he returned to Spain in August and he proceeded to sail up what the Dutch would name the North River, named first by Hudson as the Mauritius after Maurice, Prince of Orange
4.
Sleepy Hollow Cemetery
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Incorporated in 1849 as Tarrytown Cemetery, it posthumously honored Irvings request that it change its name to Sleepy Hollow Cemetery. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2009, the cemetery is a non-profit, non-sectarian burying ground of about 90 acres. It is contiguous with, but separate from, the yard of the colonial-era church that was a setting for The Legend of Sleepy Hollow. The Rockefeller family estate, whose grounds abut Sleepy Hollow Cemetery, several outdoor scenes from the 1970 feature film House of Dark Shadows were filmed at the cemeterys receiving vault. The cemetery also served as a location for the Ramones music video Pet Sematary, monument by the eminent Scots sculptor George Henry Paulin. Douglas, U. S. Gurnee, mayor of Chicago Robert Havell, Law, Jr. lawyer and politician, son of Briarcliff Manor founder Walter W. Law Lewis Edward Lawes, Reformist warden of Sing Sing prison William E. Le Roy, United States Navy rear admiral Ann Lohman a. k. a. Madame Restell, 19th century purveyor of patent medicine and abortions Charles D. Millard, member of U. S. Holmes Odell, U. S. Stevenson I, son-in-law of D. O. Representative from New York Paul Warburg, German-American banker and early advocate of the U. S Federal Reserve system, worcester Reed Warner, mechanical engineer and manufacturer of telescopes Thomas J. Souvenir of the revolutionary soldiers monument dedication, at Tarrytown, N. Y
5.
Silent film
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A silent film is a film with no synchronized recorded sound, especially with no spoken dialogue. The silent film era lasted from 1895 to 1936, in silent films for entertainment, the dialogue is transmitted through muted gestures, mime and title cards which contain a written indication of the plot or key dialogue. During silent films, a pianist, theatre organist, or, in large cities, pianists and organists would either play from sheet music or improvise, an orchestra would play from sheet music. The term silent film is therefore a retronym—that is, a term created to distinguish something retroactively, the early films with sound, starting with The Jazz Singer in 1927, were referred to as talkies, sound films, or talking pictures. A September 2013 report by the United States Library of Congress announced that a total of 70% of American silent feature films are believed to be completely lost, the earliest precursors of film began with image projection through the use of a device known as the magic lantern. This utilized a glass lens, a shutter and a persistent light source, such as a powerful lantern and these slides were originally hand-painted, but still photographs were used later on after the technological advent of photography in the nineteenth century. The invention of a practical photography apparatus preceded cinema by only fifty years, the next significant step towards film creation was the development of an understanding of image movement. Simulations of movement date as far back as to 1828 and only four years after Paul Roget discovered the phenomenon he called Persistence of Vision. This experience was further demonstrated through Rogets introduction of the thaumatrope, the first projected primary proto-movie was made by Eadweard Muybridge between 1877 and 1880. Muybridge set up a row of cameras along a racetrack and timed image exposures to capture the many stages of a horses gallop, the oldest surviving film was created by Louis Le Prince in 1888. It was a film of people walking in Oakwood streets garden. Edison also made a business of selling Kinetograph and Kinetoscope equipment, due to Edisons lack of securing an international patent on his film inventions, similar devices were invented around the world. The Lumière brothers, for example, created the Cinématographe in France, the Cinématographe proved to be a more portable and practical device than both of Edisons as it combined a camera, film processor and projector in one unit. In contrast to Edisons peepshow-style kinetoscope, which one person could watch through a viewer. Their first film, Sortie de lusine Lumière de Lyon, shot in 1894, is considered the first true motion picture, the invention of celluloid film, which was strong and flexible, greatly facilitated the making of motion pictures. This film was 35 mm wide and pulled using four sprocket holes and this doomed the cinematograph, which could only use film with just one sprocket hole. From the very beginnings of film production, the art of motion pictures grew into maturity in the silent era. Silent filmmakers pioneered the art form to the extent that virtually every style, the silent era was also pioneering era from a technical point of view
6.
Sound film
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A sound film is a motion picture with synchronized sound, or sound technologically coupled to image, as opposed to a silent film. The first known exhibition of projected sound films took place in Paris in 1900. Reliable synchronization was difficult to achieve with the early sound-on-disc systems, innovations in sound-on-film led to the first commercial screening of short motion pictures using the technology, which took place in 1923. The primary steps in the commercialization of sound cinema were taken in the mid- to late 1920s, at first, the sound films which included synchronized dialogue, known as talking pictures, or talkies, were exclusively shorts. The earliest feature-length movies with recorded sound included only music and effects, the first feature film originally presented as a talkie was The Jazz Singer, released in October 1927. A major hit, it was made with Vitaphone, which was at the time the brand of sound-on-disc technology. Sound-on-film, however, would become the standard for talking pictures. By the early 1930s, the talkies were a global phenomenon, in the United States, they helped secure Hollywoods position as one of the worlds most powerful cultural/commercial centers of influence. In Europe, the new development was treated with suspicion by many filmmakers and critics, in Japan, where the popular film tradition integrated silent movie and live vocal performance, talking pictures were slow to take root. In India, sound was the element that led to the rapid expansion of the nations film industry. The idea of combining motion pictures with recorded sound is nearly as old as the concept of cinema itself. On February 27,1888, a couple of days after photographic pioneer Eadweard Muybridge gave a lecture not far from the laboratory of Thomas Edison, the two inventors privately met. No agreement was reached, but within a year Edison commissioned the development of the Kinetoscope, essentially a peep-show system, as a visual complement to his cylinder phonograph. The two devices were brought together as the Kinetophone in 1895, but individual, cabinet viewing of motion pictures was soon to be outmoded by successes in film projection and these appear to be the first publicly exhibited films with projection of both image and recorded sound. Phonorama and yet another sound-film system—Théâtroscope—were also presented at the Exposition, three major problems persisted, leading to motion pictures and sound recording largely taking separate paths for a generation. The primary issue was synchronization, pictures and sound were recorded and played back by separate devices, sufficient playback volume was also hard to achieve. Finally, there was the challenge of recording fidelity, cinematic innovators attempted to cope with the fundamental synchronization problem in a variety of ways. In 1902, Léon Gaumont demonstrated his sound-on-disc Chronophone, involving an electrical connection he had recently patented, four years later, Gaumont introduced the Elgéphone, a compressed-air amplification system based on the Auxetophone, developed by British inventors Horace Short and Charles Parsons
7.
My Man Godfrey
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My Man Godfrey is a 1936 American screwball comedy film directed by Gregory La Cava. The screenplay was written by Morrie Ryskind, with uncredited contributions by La Cava, based on 1101 Park Avenue, the story concerns a socialite who hires a derelict to be her familys butler, only to fall in love with him, much to his dismay. The film stars William Powell and Carole Lombard, Powell and Lombard had been briefly married years earlier. The film was remade in 1957 with June Allyson and David Niven in the starring roles, in 1999, the original version of My Man Godfrey was deemed culturally significant by the United States Library of Congress and selected for preservation in the National Film Registry. During the Great Depression, Godfrey Smith Parke is living alongside other men down on their luck at a New York City dump on the East River near the 59th Street Bridge. One night, spoiled socialite Cornelia Bullock offers him five dollars to be her man for a scavenger hunt. Annoyed, he advances on her, causing her to retreat and she leaves in a fury, much to the glee of her younger sister, Irene. After talking with her, Godfrey finds her to be kind and he offers to go with Irene to help her beat Cornelia. In the ballroom of the Waldorf-Ritz Hotel, Irenes long-suffering businessman father, Alexander Bullock, waits resignedly as his wife, Angelica. Godfrey arrives and is authenticated as a forgotten man and he then addresses the crowd, expressing his contempt for their antics. Irene is apologetic and offers him a job as the family butler, the next morning, Godfrey is shown what to do by the Bullocks sardonic, wise-cracking maid, Molly, the only servant who has been able to put up with the antics of the family. She warns him that he is merely the latest in a line of butlers. Only slightly daunted, he proves to be competent, although Cornelia holds a grudge against him. On the other hand, Irene considers Godfrey to be her protégé, a complication arises when Tommy Gray, a lifelong friend of Godfreys, recognizes him at a tea party thrown by Irene. Godfrey quickly ad-libs that he was Tommys valet at Harvard, Tommy plays along, embellishing Godfreys story with a nonexistent wife and five children. Dismayed, Irene impulsively announces her engagement to the surprised Charlie Van Rumple, over lunch the next day, Tommy is curious to know what one of the elite Parkes of Boston is doing as a servant. Godfrey explains that a love affair had left him considering suicide. During lunch, Cornelia has her longstanding boyfriend Faithful George call Tommy away to the telephone and she takes a seat at Godfreys table and attempts to negotiate a peace with him — but only on her terms
8.
Carole Lombard
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Carole Lombard was an American film actress. She was particularly noted for her energetic, often off-beat roles in the comedies of the 1930s. She was the star in Hollywood in the late 1930s. Lombard was born into a family in Fort Wayne, Indiana. At 12, she was recruited by the film director Allan Dwan, eager to become an actress, she signed a contract with the Fox Film Corporation at age 16, but mainly played bit parts. She was dropped by Fox after a car accident left a scar on her face, Lombard appeared in 15 short comedies for Mack Sennett between 1927 and 1929, and then began appearing in feature films such as High Voltage and The Racketeer. After a successful appearance in The Arizona Kid, she was signed to a contract with Paramount Pictures, Paramount quickly began casting Lombard as a leading lady, primarily in drama films. Her fame increased when she married William Powell in 1931, a turning point in Lombards career came in 1934, when she starred in Howard Hawks pioneering screwball comedy Twentieth Century. During this period, Lombard married the King of Hollywood, Clark Gable, keen to win an Oscar, at the end of the decade, Lombard began to move towards more serious roles. Unsuccessful in this aim, she returned to comedy in Alfred Hitchcocks Mr. & Mrs. Smith, Lombards career was cut short when she died at the age of 33 in an aircraft crash on Mount Potosi, Nevada, while returning from a War Bond tour. Lombard was born in Fort Wayne, Indiana, on October 6,1908, christened with the name Jane Alice Peters, she was the third child and only daughter of Frederick Christian Peters and Elizabeth Jayne Bessie Peters. Her two older brothers, to each of whom she was close, both growing up and in adulthood, were Frederick Charles and John Stuart. Lombards parents both descended from families and her early years were lived in comfort, with the biographer Robert Matzen calling it her silver spoon period. The marriage between her parents was strained, however, and in October 1914, her mother took the children, although the couple did not divorce, the separation was permanent. Described by her biographer Wes Gehring as a tomboy, the young Lombard was passionately involved in sports. At Virgil Junior High School, she participated in tennis, volleyball, and swimming, at the age of 12, this hobby unexpectedly landed Lombard her first screen role. While playing baseball with friends, she caught the attention of the film director Allan Dwan, out there knocking the hell out of the other kids, playing better baseball than they were. And I needed someone of her type for this picture, with the encouragement of her mother, Lombard happily took a small role in the melodrama A Perfect Crime
9.
In Old Chicago
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In Old Chicago is a 1938 American drama film directed by Henry King. The screenplay by Sonya Levien and Lamar Trotti was based on the Niven Busch story, We the OLearys. The film is an account about the Great Chicago Fire of 1871 and stars Alice Brady as Mrs. OLeary, the owner of the cow which started the fire. It also stars Alice Faye and Andy Devine, at the time of its release, it was one of the most expensive movies ever made. The OLeary family are traveling to Chicago to start a new life when Patrick OLeary tries to race a steam train in his wagon and he is killed when his horses bolt. His wife Molly and their three boys are left to survive on their own, in town she agrees to prove her skills as a laundress when a womans dress is accidentally spattered with mud. She quickly proves herself and builds up a business in an area known as the Patch. One, Jack, becomes a lawyer, but another. While washing a sheet, Mrs OLeary discovers a drawing, apparently created by Gil Warren and her sons realize that it reveals that he has a plan to run a tramline along a street that he and his cronies intend to buy up cheaply. Dion becomes enamored with a feisty saloon-bar singer, Belle, who works for Warren, after a stormy courtship they become lovers. Meanwhile, Bob, the youngest OLeary son, who helps his mother, is in love with Gretchen and they meet in the barn watched by the OLearys cow Daisy and plan to marry. Mrs OLeary approves of the match, but expresses disdain for the loose-living Belle, Dion and Belle bribe the local politicians to set up a saloon on the street where the tramline will pass. Dion makes a deal to support Warrens political career and carve up business in the town, however, Dions dishonest practices lead to conflict with his brother Jack when one of Dions cronies is arrested for multiple voting. Dion later decides to support his brother rather than Warren in the election, convinced he can cut out Warren altogether and he is increasingly attracted by the daughter of the corrupt local senator, leading to conflicts with Belle. Bob and Gretchen marry and have a baby, at a Warren election rally a fight breaks out, arranged by Dion. All Warrens election workers are arrested and he soon announces a campaign against corruption, targeting his brothers fiefdom in the Patch, which he intends to demolish. Belle and Dion separate when Jack asks her to support him, when he realizes Belle might testify against him, Dion asks her to marry him, making her testimony inadmissible. As mayor, Jack marries the couple, but knocks Dion out in a fist fight as soon he realizes he has been deceived, Mrs OLeary is told about the fight while helping Daisys calf to suckle
10.
Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress
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The Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress is an award presented annually by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. It is given in honor of an actress who has delivered a performance in a supporting role while working within the film industry. At the 9th Academy Awards ceremony held in 1937, Gale Sondergaard was the first winner of award for her role in Anthony Adverse. Initially, winners in both supporting acting categories were awarded instead of statuettes. Beginning with the 16th ceremony held in 1944, however, winners received full-sized statuettes, currently, nominees are determined by single transferable vote within the actors branch of AMPAS, winners are selected by a plurality vote from the entire eligible voting members of the Academy. Since its inception, the award has given to 78 actresses. Dianne Wiest and Shelley Winters have received the most awards in this category with two awards each, despite winning no awards, Thelma Ritter was nominated on six occasions, more than any other actress. As of the 2017 ceremony, Viola Davis is the most recent winner in category for her role as Rose Maxson in Fences. In the following table, the years are listed as per Academy convention, and generally correspond to the year of release in Los Angeles County. Toronto, Ontario, Canada, University of Toronto Press, inside Oscar, The Unofficial History of the Academy Awards. New York, United States, Ballantine Books, oscars. org Oscar. com The Academy Awards Database
11.
Hollywood Walk of Fame
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The Walk of Fame is administered by the Hollywood Chamber of Commerce and maintained by the self-financing Hollywood Historic Trust. It is a popular tourist destination, with a reported 10 million visitors in 2003, as of 2017, the Walk of Fame comprises over 2,600 stars, spaced at 6-foot intervals. The monuments are coral-pink terrazzo five-point stars rimmed with brass inlaid into a charcoal-colored terrazzo background, in the upper portion of each star field the name of the honoree is inlaid in brass block letters. Below the inscription, in the half of the star field. Approximately 20 new stars are added to the Walk each year, special category stars recognize various contributions by corporate entities, service organizations, and special honorees, and display emblems unique to those honorees. The moons are silver and grey terrazzo circles rimmed in brass on a square pink terrazzo background, the Hollywood Chamber of Commerce credits E. M. Stuart, its volunteer president in 1953, with the original idea for creating a Walk of Fame. Stuart reportedly proposed the Walk as a means to maintain the glory of a community whose name means glamor, Harry Sugarman, another Chamber member and president of the Hollywood Improvement Association, receives credit in an independent account. A committee was formed to flesh out the idea, and a firm was retained to develop specific proposals. By 1955 the basic concept and general design had been agreed upon, multiple accounts exist for the origin of the star concept. By another account, the stars were inspired, by Sugarmans drinks menu, which featured celebrity photos framed in gold stars. In February 1956 a prototype was unveiled featuring a caricature of an example honoree inside a star on a brown background. The committees met at the Brown Derby restaurant, and included such prominent names as Cecil B, deMille, Samuel Goldwyn, Jesse L. Lasky, Walt Disney, Hal Roach, Mack Sennett, and Walter Lantz. A requirement stipulated by the audio recording committee specified minimum sales of one million records or 250,000 albums for all music category nominees. The committee soon realized that many important recording artists would be excluded from the Walk by that requirement, as a result, the National Academy of Recording Arts and Sciences was formed for the purpose of creating a separate award system for the music business. The first Grammy Awards were presented in Beverly Hills in 1959, construction of the Walk began in 1958 but two lawsuits delayed completion. The first was filed by local property owners challenging the legality of the $1.25 million tax assessment levied upon them to pay for the Walk, along with new street lighting, in October 1959 the assessment was ruled legal. The second lawsuit, filed by Charles Chaplin, Jr. sought damages for the exclusion of his father, chaplins suit was dismissed in 1960, paving the way for completion of the project. Woodwards name was one of eight drawn at random from the original 1,558, the other seven names were Olive Borden, Ronald Colman, Louise Fazenda, Preston Foster, Burt Lancaster, Edward Sedgwick, and Ernest Torrence
12.
New York City
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The City of New York, often called New York City or simply New York, is the most populous city in the United States. With an estimated 2015 population of 8,550,405 distributed over an area of about 302.6 square miles. Located at the tip of the state of New York. Home to the headquarters of the United Nations, New York is an important center for international diplomacy and has described as the cultural and financial capital of the world. Situated on one of the worlds largest natural harbors, New York City consists of five boroughs, the five boroughs – Brooklyn, Queens, Manhattan, The Bronx, and Staten Island – were consolidated into a single city in 1898. In 2013, the MSA produced a gross metropolitan product of nearly US$1.39 trillion, in 2012, the CSA generated a GMP of over US$1.55 trillion. NYCs MSA and CSA GDP are higher than all but 11 and 12 countries, New York City traces its origin to its 1624 founding in Lower Manhattan as a trading post by colonists of the Dutch Republic and was named New Amsterdam in 1626. The city and its surroundings came under English control in 1664 and were renamed New York after King Charles II of England granted the lands to his brother, New York served as the capital of the United States from 1785 until 1790. It has been the countrys largest city since 1790, the Statue of Liberty greeted millions of immigrants as they came to the Americas by ship in the late 19th and early 20th centuries and is a symbol of the United States and its democracy. In the 21st century, New York has emerged as a node of creativity and entrepreneurship, social tolerance. Several sources have ranked New York the most photographed city in the world, the names of many of the citys bridges, tapered skyscrapers, and parks are known around the world. Manhattans real estate market is among the most expensive in the world, Manhattans Chinatown incorporates the highest concentration of Chinese people in the Western Hemisphere, with multiple signature Chinatowns developing across the city. Providing continuous 24/7 service, the New York City Subway is one of the most extensive metro systems worldwide, with 472 stations in operation. Over 120 colleges and universities are located in New York City, including Columbia University, New York University, and Rockefeller University, during the Wisconsinan glaciation, the New York City region was situated at the edge of a large ice sheet over 1,000 feet in depth. The ice sheet scraped away large amounts of soil, leaving the bedrock that serves as the foundation for much of New York City today. Later on, movement of the ice sheet would contribute to the separation of what are now Long Island and Staten Island. The first documented visit by a European was in 1524 by Giovanni da Verrazzano, a Florentine explorer in the service of the French crown and he claimed the area for France and named it Nouvelle Angoulême. Heavy ice kept him from further exploration, and he returned to Spain in August and he proceeded to sail up what the Dutch would name the North River, named first by Hudson as the Mauritius after Maurice, Prince of Orange
13.
William A. Brady
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William Aloysius Brady was an American theatre actor, producer and sports promoter. Brady was born to a newspaperman in 1863 and his father kidnapped him from San Francisco and brought him to New York City, where his father worked as a writer while William was forced to sell newspapers on street corners. Upon his fathers death when William was 15, he hitchhiked his way back to San Francisco and he made his start on the stage in San Francisco, California with a company headed by Joseph R. Grismer and Phoebe Davies shortly after his return. As a callboy in The White Slave, he filled in a role for an ill actor, and started his career. After a failed attempt to produce a version of She by H. Rider Haggard, he was able to secure the rights to After Dark, successfully bringing the play to New York. While Brady was sued for his efforts, as Augustin Daly claimed plagiarism, Brady inadvertently became a boxing promoter during this time. He cast James J. Jeffries in After Dark, and later introduced the man into the boxing circuit, Brady would be the only person to manage two undisputed heavyweight champions, in Jeffries and James J. Corbett. Brady produced The Corbett-Fitzsimmons Fight in 1897, although Corbett ultimately lost, the match ran for over an hour and a half, and the documentary lasted that long, the longest film ever released at the time. In 1898 Brady and Grismer produced the hugely successful Charlotte Blair Parker play, Way Down East, the two remained partners until Grismers retirement sometime around 1909. Brady ran a successful operation for thirty years, having met actresses like Grace George and having, at one point. Bradys success continued until the Stock Market Crash of 1929, which wiped out his entire savings and he was able to secure the funds to produce Street Scene, which was written by Elmer Rice, won the Pulitzer Prize, and netted Brady a half a million dollars. His total theatrical output included over 260 plays, including a version of Uncle Toms Cabin that was used as images for a book in 1904. William A. Brady died at age 86 of a heart ailment and he is interred at Sleepy Hollow Cemetery, Sleepy Hollow, New York. His first wife was Rose Marie Rene and with her was the father of actress Mary Rose Brady and his second wife was the well known Broadway actress Grace George who bore him a son, William A. Brady, Jr. who married the actress Katherine Alexander. His grandchildren are Donald Crane and Barbara Brady He was inducted into the International Boxing Hall of Fame in 1998, alias Jimmy Valentine What Happened to Jones The Beloved Adventuress American Heritage, William A. Brady. Billy Altman, Laughters Gentle Soul, The Life of Robert Benchley, William A. Brady, Showman, My Life Story. New York, E. P. Dutton,1937, Uncle Toms Cabin, or, Life Among the Lowly. New York, R. F. Fenno & Company,1904, William A. Brady at the Internet Movie Database
14.
John Barrymore
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John Barrymore was an American actor on stage, screen and radio. After a success as Hamlet in London in 1925, Barrymore left the stage for 14 years, in the silent film era, he was well received in such pictures as Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde, Sherlock Holmes and The Sea Beast. During this period, he gained his nickname, the Great Profile and his stage-trained voice proved an asset when sound films were introduced, and three of his works, Grand Hotel, Twentieth Century and Midnight have been inducted into the National Film Registry. Barrymores personal life has been the subject of attention before. He struggled with alcohol abuse from the age of 14, was married and divorced four times, Much of his later work involved self-parody and the portrayal of drunken has-beens. His obituary in The Washington Post observed that with the passing of the years – and as his life became more public – he became, despite his genius in the theater. Barrymore was born John Sidney Blyth in Philadelphia, and was known by family, although the Barrymore family bible puts his date of birth as February 15,1882, his birth certificate shows February 14. He was the youngest of three children and his siblings were Lionel, and Ethel. Barrymores mother, Georgie Drew Barrymore, was born into a prominent theatrical family, Barrymores maternal grandparents were Louisa Lane Drew, a well-known 19th-century American actress and the manager of the Arch Street Theatre, and John Drew, also an actor whose specialty was comedy. Barrymores maternal uncles were two more thespians, John Drew, Jr. and Sidney, Much of Barrymores early life was unsettled. In October 1882, the family toured in the US for a season with Polish actress Helena Modjeska, the following year his parents toured again with Modjeska but left the children behind. Modjeska was influential in the family, and she insisted that all three children be baptized into the Catholic Church, in 1884 the family traveled to London as part of Augustin Dalys theatrical company, returning to the US two years later. As a child, Barrymore was sometimes badly behaved, and he was sent away to schools in an attempt to instill discipline, the strategy was not always successful, and he attended elementary schools in four states. He was sent first to the annex of the Convent of Notre Dame in Philadelphia. I wanted to be an artist and he was expelled from the school in 1891 and was sent to Seton Hall Preparatory School in New Jersey, where Lionel was already studying. Barrymore was unhappy at Seton and was withdrawn, after which he attended several public schools in New York. In 1892, his grandmother Louisa Drews business began to suffer, the loss of their mothers income prompted both Ethel and Lionel to seek work as professional actors. Barrymores father was absent from the family home while on tour, and when he returned he would spend time at The Lambs
15.
P. G. Wodehouse
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Sir Pelham Grenville Wodehouse KBE was an English author and one of the most widely read humorists of the 20th century. Born in Guildford, the son of a British magistrate based in Hong Kong, Wodehouse spent happy years at Dulwich College. After leaving school he was employed by a bank but disliked the work and his early novels were mostly school stories, but he later switched to comic fiction, creating several regular characters who became familiar to the public over the years. Although most of Wodehouses fiction is set in England, he spent much of his life in the US and used New York and Hollywood as settings for some of his novels and short stories. During and after the First World War, together with Guy Bolton and Jerome Kern and he began the 1930s writing for MGM in Hollywood. In a 1931 interview, his revelations of incompetence and extravagance at Hollywood studios caused a furore. In the same decade, his career reached a new peak. In 1934 Wodehouse moved to France for tax reasons, in 1940 he was prisoner at Le Touquet by the invading Germans. After his release he made six broadcasts from German radio in Berlin to the US, the talks were comic and apolitical, but his broadcasting over enemy radio prompted anger and strident controversy in Britain, and a threat of prosecution. From 1947 until his death he lived in the US, taking dual British-American citizenship in 1955 and he was a prolific writer throughout his life, publishing more than ninety books, forty plays, two hundred short stories and other writings between 1902 and 1974. He died in 1975, at the age of 93, in Southampton, Wodehouse worked extensively on his books, sometimes having two or more in preparation simultaneously. He would take up to two years to build a plot and write a scenario of about thirty thousand words, after the scenario was complete he would write the story. Early in his career he would produce a novel in three months, but he slowed in old age to around six months. Some critics of Wodehouse have considered his work flippant, but among his fans are former British prime ministers, the Wodehouses, who traced their ancestry back to the 13th century, belonged to a collateral branch of the family of the earls of Kimberley. Eleanor Wodehouse was also of ancient aristocratic ancestry and she was visiting one of her sisters in Guildford when Wodehouse was born there prematurely. The boy was baptised at the Church of St Nicolas, Guildford, Wodehouse wrote in 1957, If you ask me to tell you frankly if I like the name Pelham Grenville Wodehouse, I must confess that I do not. I was named after a godfather, and not a thing to show for it, the first name was rapidly elided to Plum, the name by which Wodehouse became known to family and friends. Mother and son sailed for Hong Kong, where for his first two years Wodehouse was raised by a Chinese amah, alongside his elder brothers Peveril and Armine
16.
A Gentleman of Leisure
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A Gentleman of Leisure is a novel by P. G. Wodehouse. The basic plot first appeared in a novella, The Gem Collector and it was substantially revised and expanded for publication as a book under the title The Intrusion of Jimmy, by W. J. New York, on 11 May 1910, there are minor textual differences between the American and British editions of the book. A Gentleman of Leisure was adapted for the stage in 1911 and has twice been filmed, in 1915 and 1923. The action begins with bachelor Jimmy Pitt in New York, having fallen in love on a liner, he befriends a small-time burglar. Seeing a stranger in need in a restaurant, he comes to his aid and he later encounters Spike Mullins, a former American criminal associate, who has fled to England and fallen on hard times. Spennie invites Jimmy to his home, Corven Abbey in Shropshire, while there, Jimmy encounters Molly McEachern, with whom he was romantically linked while in New York. Molly is the daughter of John McEachern, formerly a corrupt New York police officer, now prominent in English society, wealthy Jimmy Pitt falls for a girl on the boat back from England. In New York he finds his old cronies excited by Love, the Cracksman and he makes a bet with his friend Arthur Mifflin, star of the play – he will break into a house that very night. Brooding on how to accomplish such a feat, his house is broken into by Spike Mullins, whom he persuades to accompany him on his mission. They pick a house recommended to Mullins by a friend, and break in, only to be caught by John McEachern and he arranges to be paid off, but his daughter Molly enters, and she and Jimmy recognise each other from their boat-trip. To keep his graft a secret, McEachern pretends to Molly that Pitt is a friendly passer-by, after a year wandering the globe, unable to find or forget Molly, Pitt is in London once more. Seeing a stranger in need in a restaurant, he comes to his aid, wandering the streets with his new friend, they run into Spike Mullins, Jimmys only link to Molly, who has fallen on hard times. Next day, Spennie invites Jimmy to Dreever Castle, and he decides to take Spike with him as his valet, Spennies Aunt Julia, we learn, owns a valuable necklace, and her husband Sir Thomas has hired a detective to protect it. Arriving at Dreever, there is no space in the car and he catches a riderless horse, and when he finds the rider, it is none other than Molly, who is also staying at Dreever. The house party prepares for some amateur theatricals, and it clear to Jimmy that a plot is afoot to bring Molly. They are soon bullied into an engagement, although Spennie loves another, Pitt makes an enemy of Hargate, a hustler he recognises trying to fleece Spennie, while Spike spots the detectives hired by McEachern and Blunt around the house. Jimmy dodges them, and drags Molly out onto the lake, where he declares his love, she returns it, Spennie, desperate to repay his debts, is reduced to stealing from his uncle, but is caught and stopped by Molly
17.
McVicker's Theatre
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McVickers Theater was a playhouse in Chicago, Illinois, United States. Built for actor James Hubert McVicker, the theater was the stage for comedic plays in Chicagos early years. It often hosted performances by Edwin Booth, who married McVickers daughter and was once targeted there in an attempted murder, Adler & Sullivan designed a remodel in 1883. Although destroyed in two fires, including the Great Chicago Fire, McVickers remained a theater until 1984. It was demolished the next year James Hubert McVicker was born in New York City and his father James died shortly after his birth, so he was raised by his moth Nancy and two siblings. He attended some public school before apprenticing as a printer when he was ten, for the next five years, he operated machines in New York printing houses. In October 1837, he was hired as an apprentice for the Republican in St. Louis, Missouri, however he found little enjoyment in the trade and he decided to acquire a classic education. In 1843, he entered a production at the St. Charles Theater in New Orleans, McVicker traveled to various cities around the country to perform. In April 1848, he settled in Chicago, Illinois, the comedian who had worked at John Blake Rices theater was just about to leave and Rice offered his position to McVicker. His first performance there was on May 2,1848 in My Neighbors Wife and his wife also performed, starring in Hue and Cry. McVicker starred opposite Rices wife in Lend Me Five Shillings on April 27,1849, two years after the death of Dan Marble, McVicker purchased the right to use his plays from the family estate. He went on a tour and then toured England in 1855. The next year, McVicker became manager of the Peoples Theater in St. Louis, the playhouse was very successful and in March 1857 he used the proceeds to establish a new theater in Chicago. McVickers Theater opened on November 5,1857 featuring its own company performing the comedic plays Honeymoon. Edwin Booth starred in A New Way to Pay Old Debts on May 31,1858 and he would later perform Richelieu, Richard III, and Brutus there, and he married one of McVickers daughters in 1869. The theater was remodeled in 1864, James Henry Hackett performed as Falstaff in 1865. It was again remodeled in August 1871, but was destroyed in the Great Chicago Fire weeks later. However, it was rebuilt, and reopened on August 15,1872, mark Gray fired two bullets in an unsuccessful attempt to murder Edwin Booth on April 23,1879 while the actor was performing Richard II
18.
Eugene O'Neill
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Eugene Gladstone ONeill was an American playwright and Nobel laureate in Literature. ONeills plays were among the first to include speeches in American vernacular and they struggle to maintain their hopes and aspirations, but ultimately slide into disillusionment and despair. Of his very few comedies, only one is well-known, nearly all of his other plays involve some degree of tragedy and personal pessimism. ONeill was born in a hotel, the Barrett House, at Broadway and 43rd Street, a commemorative plaque was first dedicated there in 1957. The site is now occupied by 1500 Broadway, which offices, retail. He was the son of Irish immigrant actor James ONeill and Mary Ellen Quinlan and his father suffered from alcoholism, his mother from an addiction to morphine, prescribed to relieve the pains of the difficult birth of her third son, Eugene. ONeill spent his summers at the Monte Cristo Cottage in New London and he attended Princeton University for one year. Accounts vary as to why he left, ONeill spent several years at sea, during which he suffered from depression and alcoholism. Despite this, he had a love for the sea and it became a prominent theme in many of his plays. ONeill joined the Marine Transport Workers Union of the Industrial Workers of the World, ONeills parents and elder brother Jamie died within three years of one another, not long after he had begun to make his mark in the theater. After his experience in 1912–13 at a sanatorium where he was recovering from tuberculosis, ONeill had previously been employed by the New London Telegraph, writing poetry as well as reporting. In the fall of 1914, he entered Harvard University to attend a course in dramatic technique given by Professor George Baker and he left after one year and did not complete the course. During the 1910s ONeill was a regular on the Greenwich Village literary scene, ONeill also had a brief romantic relationship with Reeds wife, writer Louise Bryant. ONeill was portrayed by Jack Nicholson in the 1981 film Reds and his involvement with the Provincetown Players began in mid-1916. ONeill is said to have arrived for the summer in Provincetown with a full of plays. He was not left alone in the dining-room when the reading had finished, the Provincetown Players performed many of ONeills early works in their theaters both in Provincetown and on MacDougal Street in Greenwich Village. Some of these early plays began downtown and then moved to Broadway, ONeills first published play, Beyond the Horizon, opened on Broadway in 1920 to great acclaim, and was awarded the Pulitzer Prize for Drama. His first major hit was The Emperor Jones, which ran on Broadway in 1920 and his best-known plays include Anna Christie, Desire Under the Elms, Strange Interlude, Mourning Becomes Electra, and his only well-known comedy, Ah, Wilderness
19.
Mourning Becomes Electra
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Mourning Becomes Electra is a play cycle written by American playwright Eugene ONeill. The play premiered on Broadway at the Guild Theatre on 26 October 1931 where it ran for 150 performances before closing in March 1932, in May 1932, it was revived at the Alvin Theatre, and in 1972 at the Circle in the Square Theatre. S. D. The characters parallel characters from the ancient Greek play, for example, Agamemnon from the Oresteia becomes General Ezra Mannon. Clytemnestra becomes Christine, Orestes becomes Orin, Electra becomes Lavinia, Aegisthus becomes Adam Brant, as a Greek tragedy made modern, the play features murder, adultery, incestuous love and revenge, and even a group of townspeople who function as a kind of Greek chorus. Though fate alone guides characters actions in Greek tragedies, ONeills characters have motivations grounded in 1930s-era psychological theory as well, the play can easily be read from a Freudian perspective, paying attention to various characters Oedipus complexes and Electra complexes. Mourning Becomes Electra is divided into three plays with themes that correspond to the Oresteia trilogy, much like Aeschylus plays Agamemnon, The Libation Bearers and The Eumenides, these three plays by ONeil are titled Homecoming, The Hunted, and The Haunted. However, these plays are not produced individually, but only as part of the larger trilogy. Each of these plays contains four to five acts, with only the first act of The Haunted being divided into actual scenes, in production, it is often cut down. Also, because of the large cast size, it is not performed as often as some of ONeills other major plays, Homecoming Act I It is late spring in front of the Mannon house. The master of the house, Brigadier-General Ezra Mannon, is soon to return from war, Lavinia, Ezras severe daughter, like her mother Christine, has just returned from a trip to New York. Seth, the gardener, takes Lavinia aside and he warns her against her would-be beau, Captain Brant. Before Seth can continue, however, Lavinias friend Peter and his sister Hazel, if Peter is proposing marriage to her again, he must realize that she cannot marry anyone because Father needs her. Lavinia asks Seth to resume his story, Seth asks Lavinia if she has noticed that Brant resembles members of the Mannon family. Seth believes that Brant is the child of David Mannon and Marie Brantôme, suddenly Brant himself enters from the drive. Calculatingly, Lavinia derides the memory of Brants mother, Brant explodes and reveals his heritage. He tells her Lavinias grandfather also loved the Canuck nurse, Act II A moment later, Lavinia appears inside her fathers study. Christine enters indignantly, wondering why Lavinia has summoned her, Lavinia reveals that she followed her to New York and saw her kissing Adam Brant. She accuses her mother of adultery, Christine defiantly tells Lavinia that she has long hated Ezra and that Lavinia was born of her disgust for him
20.
Grace George
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Grace George was a Broadway stage actress who appeared in two films. She was born on December 25,1879 and she was married to producer William A. Brady and was stepmother to his daughter Alice Brady. George appeared in the film, a silent called Tainted Money in 1915 She starred as Esther in the hugely successful 1899 Broadway adaptation Ben Hur from Lew Wallaces novel and she appeared in the film, Johnny Come Lately in 1943 with James Cagney. In 1950 she was awarded the Delia Austrian Medal and she died on May 19,1961. Grace George married William A. Brady in 1899, a son William Brady Jr. was born in 1900. Brady Jr. married the actress Katharine Alexander and had a daughter Barbara Brady who became an actress and her niece, Maude George, was a silent film character actor who appeared in a number of Erich von Stroheim films. Grace George at the Internet Broadway Database Grace George at the Internet Movie Database Grace George, NY Public Library Billy Rose Collection Grace George, PeriodPaper. com c.1910 portrait gallery
21.
M-G-M
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Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer Studios Inc. is an American media company, involved primarily in the production and distribution of feature films and television programs. Its headquarters are in Beverly Hills, California and it is one of the worlds oldest film studios. In 1971, it was announced that MGM would merge with 20th Century Fox, over the next thirty-nine years, the studio was bought and sold at various points in its history until, on November 3,2010, MGM filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy. MGM Resorts International, a Las Vegas-based hotel and casino company listed on the New York Stock Exchange under the symbol MGM, is not currently affiliated with Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer. In 1966, MGM was sold to Canadian investor Edgar Bronfman Sr. whose son Edgar Jr. would later buy Universal Studios, the studio continued to produce five to six films a year that were released through other studios, mostly United Artists. Kerkorian did, however, commit to increased production and a film library when he bought United Artists in 1981. MGM ramped up production, as well as keeping production going at UA. It also incurred significant amounts of debt to increase production, the studio took on additional debt as a series of owners took charge in the 1980s and early 1990s. In 1986, Ted Turner bought MGM, but a few later, sold the company back to Kerkorian to recoup massive debt. The series of deals left MGM even more heavily in debt, MGM was bought by Pathé Communications in 1990, but Parretti lost control of Pathé and defaulted on the loans used to purchase the studio. The French banking conglomerate Crédit Lyonnais, the major creditor. Even more deeply in debt, MGM was purchased by a joint venture between Kerkorian, producer Frank Mancuso, and Australias Seven Network in 1996, the debt load from these and subsequent business deals negatively affected MGMs ability to survive as an independent motion picture studio. In 1924, movie theater magnate Marcus Loew had a problem and he had bought Metro Pictures Corporation in 1919 for a steady supply of films for his large Loews Theatres chain. With Loews lackluster assortment of Metro films, Loew purchased Goldwyn Pictures in 1924 to improve the quality, however, these purchases created a need for someone to oversee his new Hollywood operations, since longtime assistant Nicholas Schenck was needed in New York headquarters to oversee the 150 theaters. Mayer, Loew addressed the situation by buying Louis B. Mayer Pictures on April 17,1924, Mayer became head of the renamed Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer, with Irving Thalberg as head of production. MGM produced more than 100 feature films in its first two years, in 1925, MGM released the extravagant and successful Ben-Hur, taking a $4.7 million profit that year, its first full year. Marcus Loew died in 1927, and control of Loews passed to Nicholas Schenck, in 1929, William Fox of Fox Film Corporation bought the Loew familys holdings with Schencks assent. Mayer and Thalberg disagreed with the decision, Mayer was active in the California Republican Party and used his political connections to persuade the Justice Department to delay final approval of the deal on antitrust grounds
22.
When Ladies Meet (1933 film)
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When Ladies Meet is a 1933 Pre-Code film starring Ann Harding, Myrna Loy, Robert Montgomery, and Alice Brady. The film is the first adaptation of the 1932 Rachel Crothers play of the same name and it was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Art Direction by Cedric Gibbons. The film was remade under the name in 1941, starring Greer Garson, Joan Crawford, Robert Taylor and Herbert Marshall in the lead roles played by Harding, Loy, Montgomery. Mary, a writer working on a novel about a love triangle, is attracted to her publisher and her suitor Jimmie is determined to break them up. He introduces Mary to the wife without telling Mary who she is
23.
Young Mr. Lincoln
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Young Mr. Lincoln is a 1939 partly fictionalized biopic about the early life of President Abraham Lincoln, directed by John Ford and starring Henry Fonda. Ford and producer Darryl F. Zanuck fought for control of the film, screenwriter Lamar Trotti was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Writing/Original Story. In 2003, Young Mr. Lincoln was selected for preservation in the United States National Film Registry by the Library of Congress as being culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant. After thoroughly reading the book, Abe opts for the law after receiving encouragement from his early, ill-fated love, too poor to own even a horse, he arrives in Springfield on a mule and soon establishes a law practice with friend John Stuart. At a July 4 celebration, a man is murdered in a brawl – the accused are two brothers, Lincoln prevents the lynching of the accused at the jail by telling the angry mob he really needs these clients for his first real case. Admiring his courage, Mary Todd – later to be his wife – invites Lincoln to her sisters soiree and expresses an intense interest in his future. The key witness to the crime is a friend of the victim who claims to have seen the murder at a distance of about 100 yards under the light of the moon. The family and Lincoln are pressured to save one of the brothers at the expense of the others conviction. But Lincoln persists and is able, through the use of an almanac and he then drives the witness to confess that he had in fact stabbed his friend himself. Bell Ward Bond as John Palmer Cass Milburn Stone as Stephen A, Young Mr. Lincoln was adapted as a radio play on the July 10,1946 episode of Academy Award Theater. The Village Theatre of Everett and Issaquah, Washington has commissioned a new musical based on the film titled Lincoln in Love, book, kellogg and music by David Friedman
24.
Catherine O'Leary
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Catherine OLeary was an Irish immigrant living in Chicago, Illinois who became famous when it was alleged that an accident involving her cow had started the Great Chicago Fire of 1871. Catherine and her husband Patrick OLeary had three children, one of whom, James Patrick OLeary, ran a well-known Chicago saloon, on the evening of October 8,1871, a fire consumed the OLeary familys barn at 137 DeKoven Street. Due to a wind and dry conditions it spread to burn a large percentage of the city. After the Great Fire, Chicago Tribune reporter Michael Ahern published a report that the fire had started when a cow kicked over a lantern while it was being milked. The woman was not named, but Catherine OLeary was soon identified, illustrations and caricatures soon appeared depicting Mrs. OLeary with the cow. The idea took the popular imagination and is widely circulated. In 1893, however, Ahern admitted he had made the story up, the official report at the time stated, whether it originated from a spark blown from a chimney on that windy night, or was set on fire by human agency, we are unable to determine. Mrs. OLeary herself stated that she had been in bed when the fire started, and she had no idea what set it off. Daniel Pegleg Sullivan, the first person to raise the alarm, reported that on seeing a fire in the barn, he ran across the street to free the animals and he then informed the OLearys, who were at home. Anti-Irish attitudes at the time encouraged scapegoating the OLeary family and it was claimed that the supposed accident happened because she was drunk, or that she hid the evidence to avoid being blamed. Neighbors later claimed to have seen shards from the broken lamp, one person stated that he had found the lamp, but it had been stolen by an Irishman to protect the OLearys. Catherine OLeary died on July 3,1895 of acute pneumonia, at her home at 5133 Halsted Street, and was buried at Mount Olivet Cemetery. In the PBS documentary, Chicago, City of the Century, a descendant of OLearys stated that she spent the rest of her life in the public eye, overcome with much sadness and regret, she died heartbroken. The last living relative of Catherine OLeary died in 1936, amateur historian Richard Bales was able to gather enough evidence on Sullivan to convince the Chicago City Council to exonerate Mrs. OLeary of any guilt in 1997. Mrs. OLearys cow has attracted the attention and imagination of generations as the cause of the fire. Character actress Alice Brady won a Best Supporting Actress Oscar for her performance as Mrs. OLeary in the film In Old Chicago, quentin Tarantinos debut film Reservoir Dogs. Little Match Girl, a 1992 episode of the situation comedy Cheers, voyage of the Damned, a 1997 episode of the sitcom Frasier. A2001 episode of the childrens series The Fairly OddParents
25.
Film
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A film, also called a movie, motion picture, theatrical film or photoplay, is a series of still images which, when shown on a screen, creates the illusion of moving images due to the phi phenomenon. This optical illusion causes the audience to perceive continuous motion between separate objects viewed rapidly in succession, the process of filmmaking is both an art and an industry. The word cinema, short for cinematography, is used to refer to the industry of films. Films were originally recorded onto plastic film through a photochemical process, the adoption of CGI-based special effects led to the use of digital intermediates. Most contemporary films are now fully digital through the process of production, distribution. Films recorded in a form traditionally included an analogous optical soundtrack. It runs along a portion of the film exclusively reserved for it and is not projected, Films are cultural artifacts created by specific cultures. They reflect those cultures, and, in turn, affect them, Film is considered to be an important art form, a source of popular entertainment, and a powerful medium for educating—or indoctrinating—citizens. The visual basis of film gives it a power of communication. Some films have become popular worldwide attractions by using dubbing or subtitles to translate the dialog into the language of the viewer, some have criticized the film industrys glorification of violence and its potentially negative treatment of women. The individual images that make up a film are called frames, the perception of motion is due to a psychological effect called phi phenomenon. The name film originates from the fact that film has historically been the medium for recording and displaying motion pictures. Many other terms exist for a motion picture, including picture, picture show, moving picture, photoplay. The most common term in the United States is movie, while in Europe film is preferred. Terms for the field, in general, include the big screen, the screen, the movies, and cinema. In early years, the sheet was sometimes used instead of screen. Preceding film in origin by thousands of years, early plays and dances had elements common to film, scripts, sets, costumes, production, direction, actors, audiences, storyboards, much terminology later used in film theory and criticism apply, such as mise en scène. Owing to the lack of any technology for doing so, the moving images, the magic lantern, probably created by Christiaan Huygens in the 1650s, could be used to project animation, which was achieved by various types of mechanical slides
26.
Betsy Ross (film)
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Betsy Ross is a surviving 1917 American silent historical film starring Alice Brady and produced and distributed by her father William A. Brady. As described in a magazine, Betsy Griscome, against the wishes of her Quaker parents, keeps a tryst with a British officer, Clarence Vernon. Clarissa, her sister, falls in love and marries Joseph Ashburn, suspecting Vernon of duplicity, Joseph and Vernon fight a duel and Vernon is struck down. A year later Betsy marries John Ross, and upon his death she operates a shop for a living. Here she shields her sister, who was driven home when she could not produce her marriage certificate. Betsy is commissioned by General Washington to make the first American flag and later is accused of harboring a spy - in reality, the film ends happily when all relations are explained. Betsy Ross at the Internet Movie Database allmovie/synopsis, Betsy Ross Lantern slide, Betsy Ross Betsy Ross available for viewing on YouTube
27.
Woman and Wife
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Woman and Wife is a 1918 American silent drama film directed by Edward Jose and starring Alice Brady. It is based on the novel Jane Eyre by Charlotte Bronte, the Select Pictures Corporation produced and distributed the film. The film was known as The Lifted Cross. The film survives in a state at the BFI National Film. She secures a position in the Rochester home as a governess for their only child, the lonesome Edward Rochester, believing his wife dead, proposes to Jane. His wifes brother appears, bringing along his sister, who is Edwards wife. He hides her in a room, and while the household is asleep the demented woman escapes, upon his recovery, the wedding proceeds, and at its height Edwards demented wife escapes from her room and interrupts the ceremony. Pursued by servants, she throws herself into a pool and drowns, for example, the Chicago Board of Censors required a cut in Reel 1 of the first scenes of the woman drinking. Woman and Wife at the Internet Movie Database synopsis at AllMovie
28.
The End of the Road (1919 film)
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The End of the Road is a 1919 American silent drama film produced by the American Social Hygiene Association. The film was directed by Lieutenant Edward H. Griffith for the purposes of health propaganda, the plot follows the lives of two young women - one raised by the right kind of mother and the other by a mother that is judged to be wrong. This film was targeted at women with warnings about premarital sex. A 15-minute clip of the film can be found online while the movie can be accessed at the National Archives and Records Administration, College Park. As described with colorful language in a magazine, Mary Lee. Vera Lynch, her playmate, is deceived by her parents in the approved manner, at graduation time Mary is sought in marriage by Paul Horton, but she puts him off to study nursing. Veras mother sends her off to New York City with instructions to make a money marriage, Mary also goes to New York City to work in a hospital and becomes acquainted with Dr. Bell, who falls in love with her. They rescue Vera from a companion on one occasion, but are unable to prevent her from accepting the unlawful love of the same wealthy young man later on. When she develops a disease, they ensure that she receives proper medical care. Dr. Bell and Mary go to France for the war in the medical service, Paul Horton previously had made a disgraceful proposition to Mary, and she now accepts Dr. Bells proposal of marriage. There are numerous subplots involving other characters in the film
29.
Sinners (1920 film)
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Sinners is a lost 1920 American silent drama film based on a play of the same name by Owen Davis. The play was produced by William A. Brady and starred his daughter Alice Brady who also stars in this film, the Realart Company produced and released the film. Alice Bradys husband James Crane appears in this picture as well as in her next film, based upon a review in a film publication, the plot contrasts the corrupt gay life of the city with the dignity and wholesome life of people in the country. When Mary Horton goes to the city seeking work but fails to find it, she is befriended by Hilda Newton, a woman of questionable reputation. The friends of this woman are the sinners of the film, after Mary returns to her home, her city friends come to visit, leading to some dramatic situations
30.
A Dark Lantern
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A Dark Lantern is a lost 1920 American silent drama film produced and released by Realart Pictures. It is based on a 1905 novel of the name by Elizabeth Robins. John S. Robertson directed and Alice Brady and her then husband James Crane star, according to the AFI Catalog, the film was shot at the Essanay studios in Chicago as that was where Alice Brady was appearing in a play at the time. This, together with the blow of her fathers death, shatters Katherines nerves and causes a breakdown and she recovers under the rigid administrations of Dr. Garth Vincent. Her attitude of antagonistic exaggeration of his sternness that conceives it as sheer brutality makes her submission to the love he bears her a sorrowful task. His patience at last breaks her spirit and sends her to his home. The realness of his affection is at last revealed to her and Prince Anton, whose love for Katherine has made him risk his throne by divorcing his wife, is sent back to Argovinia
31.
Out of the Chorus
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Out of the Chorus is a lost 1921 American silent drama film starring Alice Brady and directed by Herbert Blache. It was produced and distributed by Paramount offshoot Realart Pictures, as described in a summary in a film publication, chorus girl Florence Maddis marries Ross Van Beekman, a son in an aristocratic family. His mother Mrs. Van Beekman is determined to turn Ross against his wife, and plots with Ned Ormsby, Mrs. Van Beekman contrives to have Ned and Florence thrown together often until Ross begins to doubt his wife. Ross sets a trap for her, and on his return finds evidence that Ned was also there, Ross shoots through a door behind which he believes Ned is hiding and when Ned is later mysteriously murdered in his home, Ross believes that he is the killer. Florence, to save her husbands life, lies when testifying at trial, the truth and Ross innocence are finally established, and Florences actions win the love and esteem of Ross and his family. Alice Brady - Florence Maddis Vernon Steele - Ross Van Beekman Charles K. Gerrard - Ned Ormsby Emily Fitzroy - Mrs
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