1.
Slipknot (band)
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Slipknot is an American heavy metal band from Des Moines, Iowa. The band was founded in September 1995 by percussionist Shawn Crahan, Gray died on May 24,2010, and was replaced from 2011–2014 by former guitarist Donnie Steele. Jordison left the band on December 12,2013, Steele left during the recording sessions for.5, The Gray Chapter. The band is now touring with replacement musicians Alessandro Venturella on bass, Slipknot is well known for its attention-grabbing image, aggressive style of music, and energetic and chaotic live shows. The band rapidly rose to success following the release of their eponymous album in 1999. The 2001 follow-up album, Iowa, although darker in tone, after another long hiatus, Slipknot released its fifth studio album.5, The Gray Chapter, in 2014. The band has released an album titled 9.0, Live, a compilation album titled Antennas to Hell. In 2015, Slipknot headlined the Download Festival in the UK for the third time, in the years before Slipknot formed, a state of shifting band membership existed throughout the metal scene in Des Moines, Iowa. In 1991, the biggest metal band in Des Moines was Atomic Opera, drummer Joey Jordison founded a thrash metal band called Modifidious, playing at a club called Runway. Modifidious opened for Atomic Opera on December 1,1991, at the Runway, Jordison replaced him with local guitarist Craig Jones. Drummer Shawn Crahan formed another Des Moines band called Heads on the Wall, playing funk metal cover songs at clubs, a fourth Des Moines band called Vexx played death metal with Anders Colsefni on drums, Paul Gray on bass, and Josh Brainard on guitar and vocals. Colsefni later took over vocal duties, but Vexx never recorded, during this time, Crahan often went to the Runway on Sundays when the club opened to all ages, where he met other young musicians with whom he could jam. One of the songs recorded was titled Slipknot, another was titled Painface. In 1993, a new band called Inveigh Catharsis formed in Des Moines, with Gray on bass, Brainard on guitar, Jordison jammed occasionally with this group. Brainard eventually left to join Jordison and Jones in Modifidious, participating in demo recordings at the end of 93, during 1994 Modifidious sometimes played the same shows as Crahans Heads on the Wall band. Gray formed a metal band called Body Pit, soon becoming popular in the local scene. Modifidious stopped playing in the wake of death metals increasing pull, Gray failed to get Jordison to join Body Pit, but soon after he recruited local guitar teacher Mick Thomson, the band broke up. In September 1995, Crahan and Gray started a band named the Pale Ones, the lineup was made up of friends who met through the local music scene, including vocalist Colsefni and guitarist Donnie Steele
2.
All Hope Is Gone
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All Hope Is Gone is the fourth studio album by American metal band Slipknot. Preparation for the album began in 2007, while recording started in February 2008 in the home state of Iowa. Before the albums launch, Slipknot released a series of promotional images, All Hope Is Gone is considered the bands most eclectic-sounding album, incorporating elements from their previous three. Lyrically, All Hope Is Gone centers on themes such as anger, disaffection, obsession, the album name also features a more prominent focus on politics than their previous albums. Slipknot promoted All Hope Is Gone on a tour and at the Mayhem Festival. Generally well received by critics, the reached the top position on nine record charts worldwide. It was certified platinum by the RIAA on August 10,2010 for shipments in excess of 1,000,000 albums in the United States, preparation for All Hope Is Gone began in 2007. Drummer Joey Jordison explained, Ive told them to whatever they can so weve got as much material to choose from as possible. In February 2008, Slipknot entered the Sound Farm Studio in Jamaica, All Hope Is Gone is the bands first album written and recorded in their home state of Iowa. Bassist Paul Gray explained that the band decided to record in Iowa because there were too many distractions in Los Angeles, the band also stated that being close to home was good for their mindset, vocalist Corey Taylor drove home every night to see his son. Unlike Slipknots previous releases, the writing process involved all nine band members. Jordison commented, I have to say that the band is at its peak, everyone—I mean everyone—is now completely involved in the writing process, and its a beautiful thing. Taylor and guitarist Jim Root paired up with Sid Wilson, performing on keyboards, Taylor also experimented with tracking in an old well, stating, There was this natural reverb to it that was just intense. According to Crahan none of the tracks made it onto the album. However, one of them, Til We Die, appears as a track on the albums special edition along with Child Of Burning Time. The track Sulfur was the first combined effort of Jordison and Root, many of the band members have expressed their dissatisfaction with All Hope Is Gone and is considered to be their least favorite Slipknot album. Feeling discontent over the production process, Root said, it felt a little bit rushed. And it felt like we were trying to do things just to appease a schedule, Root was particularly disappointed with the records producer, Dave Fortman, and said, Dave Fortman really helped me appreciate Rick Rubin as a producer
3.
The Subliminal Verses World Tour
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The Subliminal Verses World Tour was a worldwide concert tour in 2004 and 2005 headlined by Slipknot in support of their third studio album Vol.3. Its good to be humbled and know you’re in a band thats fantastic, during the tour, the bands third studio album Vol.3, was approaching the platinum mark, and two of its tracks were nominated for the years Grammy Awards. As is typical of the band, Slipknot members are masked and costumed when performing on stage and they received support at various stages of the tour from Fear Factory, Chimaira, Hatebreed and Shadows Fall. Slipknot also played as support to Metallica and Slayer, the band Lamb of God also performed on the tour
4.
Memorial World Tour
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The Memorial World Tour was a concert tour by American metal band Slipknot in honor of late bassist Paul Gray who died on May 24,2010. The tour was the groups first since the All Hope Is Gone World Tour which ended in 2009, the tour consisted mostly of festival dates and a small number of headlining appearances. The band headlined the Sonisphere Festival in Finland, France, Sweden and they also headlined the Graspop Metal Meeting festival in Belgium. Finally, the closed off 2011 by performing at the Rock in Rio festival held in Brazil alongside acts such as Metallica, Sepultura. Taylor doubted the future of Slipknot if the shows were unsuccessful. Percussionist Shawn Crahan along with Taylor both expressed interest in bringing the tour to the United States, corey Taylor later confirmed via Twitter that a U. S. leg of the tour was planned. On February 8,2012, it was announced Slipknot would finally be returning to North America for Mayhem Festival 2012, before the first show of the tour, it was reported that guitarist Jim Root would have to sit out multiple dates after his appendix had burst. On July 13, Root recovered and returned to the band, in the ongoing tour, the band members also wore their red jumpsuits from the self-titled album. Sid, Chris, and Shawn wore their old self-titled masks for the whole show, corey and Jim wore their self-titled masks for half of the show and wore their All Hope Is Gone masks for the other half. Mick, Joey, and Craig wore their All Hope Is Gone masks for the whole show, an effigy of Paul Gray stood between Craig and Joeys drum kit. The effigy included Pauls self-titled mask, his jumpsuit and his left-handed bass guitar beside it. For the American leg of the tour, they wore their red Iowa jumpsuits along with some matching to their Iowa masks, 2^ Headline dates, non Soundwave Festival appearance. Cancellations The setlist for the tour is composed mainly of songs from the debut album, Slipknot, to coincide with the stage set. The majority of the songs performed on the tour were written by or had a significant contribution in the process by former bassist Paul Gray
5.
Concert tour
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A concert is a live music performance in front of an audience. A recital is a concert by a soloist or small group which follows a program, a recitalist is a musician who gives frequent recitals. The invention of the piano recital has been attributed to Franz Liszt. The performance may be by a musician, sometimes then called a recital, or by a musical ensemble, such as an orchestra, choir. Indoor concerts held in the largest venues are sometimes called arena concerts or amphitheatre concerts, informal names for a concert include show and gig. Regardless of the venue, musicians perform on a stage. Concerts often require live event support with professional audio equipment, before recorded music, concerts provided the main opportunity to hear musicians play. The nature of a concert varies by musical genre, individual performers, concerts by a small jazz combo or small bluegrass band may have the same order of program, mood, and volume—but vary in music and dress. In a similar way, a musician, band, or genre of music might attract concert attendees with similar dress, hairstyle. For example, concert goers in the 1960s often had hair, sandals. Regular attendees to a concert venue might also have a style that comprises that venues scene. Other Types of concerts, To plan or arrange by mutual agreement, some performers or groups put on very elaborate and expensive shows. To create a memorable and exciting atmosphere and increase the spectacle, some singers, especially popular music, augment concert sound with pre-recorded accompaniment, back-up dancers, and even broadcast vocal tracks of the singers own voice. Activities during these concerts can include dancing, sing-alongs, and moshing, concerts involving a greater number of artists, especially those that last for multiple days, are known as festivals. Unlike other concerts, which remain in a single genre of music or work of a particular artist, festivals often cover a broad scope of music. Due to their size, festivals are almost exclusively held outdoors, new platforms for festivals are becoming increasingly popular such as Jam Cruise, which is a festival held on a cruise ship, as well as Mayan Holidaze, which is a destination festival held in Tulum. Often concert tours are named, to differentiate different tours by the same artist, different segments of longer concert tours are known as legs. In the largest concert tours it is becoming common for different legs to employ separate touring production crews and equipment
6.
Mayhem Festival 2008
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Mayhem Festival 2008 was the first iteration of the annual concert festival created by Kevin Lyman. The Mayhem Festival, like most large festivals of a similar caliber, all of the main stage headliners will be promoting their new albums on this tour, as well as some of the second and third stage bands like 36 Crazyfists, Black Tide and Underoath. The festival also offers other activities such as playing the newest video games, perusing vendors. Rockstar Energy Drinks will be sampling their products, additional sponsors include Jägermeister, Hot Topic and DiNGLIFE. com. FUSE Television and Revolver Magazine have signed on as official Rockstar Energy Mayhem Festival media partners, live Nation is set to promote the festival nationally. Also joining the tour is the Metal mulisha freestyle motocross team, sevendust originally planned on participating in the festival, but pulled out of the festival according to Blabbermouth. net. The band was replaced by Underoath, during the opening date of the festival on July 9, Sid Wilson the turntablist of Slipknot broke both of his heels when he jumped from an elevated area of the stage and landed incorrectly. Despite the injury, he promised to perform on all dates of the tour even in a wheelchair, with both his legs in casts he returned with the band on the second date of the festival on July 12 in a wheelchair, he has however performed without it. Throughout the tour, he has seen to repeatedly slip out of the wheelchair in order to crawl across the stage and climb upon the set pieces. His Moon Boots as Corey Taylor calls them, are displayed to the audience at some point during the set, during the tour Slipknot drummer Joey Jordison also suffered an injury by breaking his ankle. Slipknot finished the tour regardless but were forced to cancel several appearances at European festivals due to the injury
7.
LED circuit
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In electronics, an LED circuit or LED driver is an electrical circuit used to power a light-emitting diode. The circuit must provide sufficient current to light the LED at the required brightness, the voltage drop across an LED is approximately constant over a wide range of operating current, therefore, a small increase in applied voltage greatly increases the current. Very simple circuits are used for low-power indicator LEDs, more complex, current source circuits are required when driving high-power LEDs for illumination to achieve correct current regulation. The simplest circuit to drive an LED consists of a source and two components connected in series, a current limiting resistor, sometimes called the ballast resistor. Optionally, a switch may be introduced to open and close the circuit, although simple, this circuit is not the most energy efficient circuit to drive an LED, since energy is lost in the resistor. More complicated circuits improve the energy efficiency, an LED has a voltage drop specified at the intended operating current. Ohms law and Kirchhoffs circuit laws are used to calculate the appropriate value to obtain the desired current. The value is computed by subtracting the LED voltage drop from the supply voltage, if the supply voltage is equal to the LEDs voltage drop, no resistor is needed. This basic circuit is used in a range of applications. The voltage versus current characteristics of an LED are similar to any diode, current is approximately an exponential function of voltage according to the Shockley diode equation, and a small voltage change may result in a large change in current. If the voltage is below or equal to the threshold no current flows, if the voltage is too high the current exceeds the maximum rating, overheating and potentially destroying the LED. It is therefore important that the source provides an appropriate current. LEDs should only be connected to constant-current sources, series resistors are a simple way to passively stabilize the LED current. An active constant current regulator is used for high power LEDs. Low drop-out constant current regulators also allow the total LED voltage to be a fraction of the power supply voltage. Switched-mode power supplies are used in some LED flashlights and household LED lamps, series resistors are a simple way to stabilize the LED current, but energy is wasted in the resistor. Miniature indicator LEDs are normally driven from low voltage DC via a current-limiting resistor, currents of 2 mA,10 mA and 20 mA are common. Sub-mA indicators may be made by driving ultrabright LEDs at very low current, efficiency tends to reduce at low currents, but indicators running on 100 μA are still practical
8.
Strobe light
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A strobe light or stroboscopic lamp, commonly called a strobe, is a device used to produce regular flashes of light. It is one of a number of devices that can be used as a stroboscope, the word originated from the Greek strobos, meaning act of whirling. A typical commercial strobe light has an energy in the region of 10 to 150 joules. Larger strobe lights can be used in “continuous” mode, producing extremely intense illumination, the light source is commonly a xenon flash lamp, or flashtube, which has a complex spectrum and a color temperature of approximately 5,600 kelvins. To obtain colored light, colored gels may be used, strobe lights usually use flashtubes with energy supplied from a capacitor, an energy storage device much like a battery, but capable of charging and releasing energy much faster. Recently, some lights have been found to use rectified mains electricity. In a capacitor-based strobe light, the capacitor is charged up to around 300 V, once the capacitor has been charged, a small amount of power is diverted into a trigger transformer, a small transformer with a high turns ratio. This generates the weak but high voltage required to ionize the xenon gas in a flash tube. An arc is created inside the tube, which acts as a bridge for the much bigger pulse to flow down later, arcs present almost a direct short circuit, allowing the capacitors to quickly release their energy into the arc. This rapidly heats the gas, creating an extremely bright plasma discharge. A strobe without a storage device simply discharges mains voltages across the tube once its fired. This type of strobe requires no charging time and allows for much quicker flash rates, such strobes require a form of current limiting, because as mentioned above, an arc acts as a kind of short circuit. Individual strobe flashes typically only last around 200 microseconds, but can be sustained for greater or lesser periods of time depending on the intended use. Since this stop is only apparent, a point on the rotating body will either appear to move backward or forward, or not move. If the flash occurs equal to the period of rotation the marked point will appear to not move. Any non integer flash setting will make the mark appear to move forward or backward, strobe lighting has also been used to see the movements of the vocal cords in slow motion during speech, a procedure known as video-stroboscopy. A common use of a flash is to optimize a car engines efficiency at a certain rotational period by directing the strobe-light towards a mark on the flywheel on the engines main axle. The strobe-light tool for such ignition timing is called a timing light, other applications are in alarm systems, emergency vehicle lighting, theatrical lighting, and as high-visibility running lights
9.
Stage lighting
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Stage lighting is the craft of lighting as it applies to the production of theatre, dance, opera and other performance arts. Several different types of lighting instruments are used in this discipline. In addition to lighting, modern stage lighting can also include special effects, such as lasers. People who work on stage lighting are commonly referred to as lighting technicians, the personnel needed to install, operate, and control the equipment also cross over into these different areas of stage lighting applications. The earliest known form of lighting was during the early Grecian theatres. They would build their theatres facing east to west so that in the afternoon they could perform plays and have the natural sunlight hit the actors, natural light continued to be utilized when playhouses were built with a large circular opening at the top of the theatre. Early Modern English theatres were roofless, allowing light to be utilized for lighting the stage. As theatres moved indoors, artificial lighting became a necessity and it was developed as theatres, at an unknown date, candlelight was introduced which brought more developments to theatrical lighting across Europe. While Oliver Cromwell was ruling Britain, all production was suspended in 1642. During this theatrical famine, great developments were being made in theatres on the European mainland, Charles II, who would later become King Charles II witnessed Italian theatrical methods and brought them back to England when he came to power. New playhouses were built in England and their large sizes called for more elaborate lighting, English theatres during this time used dipped candles to light chandeliers and sconces. Dipped candles were made by dipping a wick into hot wax repeatedly to create a cylindrical candle, candles needed frequent trimming and relighting regardless of what was happening on-stage because they dripped hot grease on both the audience and actors. Chandeliers also blocked the view of some patrons, there were two different types of Restoration theatres in England, Restoration commercial theatres and Restoration court theatres. Commercial theatres tended to be conservative in their lighting, for economic reasons. Court theatres could afford to use most of the Continental innovations in their productions, two main court theatres, built between 1660 and 1665, were the Cockpit Theatre and the Hall Theatre. Chandeliers and sconces seemed to be the primary lighting sources here but other developments were being made, by the 1670s, the Hall Theatre started using footlights, and between 1670 and 1689 they used candles or lamps. It can be noted that by the end of the 17th century, French, there is not much written on theatrical lighting in England at the end of the 17th century and from the little information historians do have, not much changed by the middle of the 18th century. Gas lighting hit the English stage in the early 1800s beginning with the Drury Lane, in the 1820s, a new type of artificial illumination was developed
10.
Mixing console
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In the 2010s, a mixer is able to control analog or digital signals, depending on the type of mixer. The modified signals are summed to produce the output signals. A typical, simple application combines signals from two microphones into an amplifier that drives one set of speakers simultaneously, a DJ mixer may have only two channels, for mixing two record players. A coffeehouses tiny stage might only have a six channel mixer, a nightclub stages mixer for rock music shows may have 24 channels for mixing the signals from a rhythm section, lead guitar and several vocalists. A mixing console for a large concert may have 48 channels, a mixing console in a professional recording studio may have as many as 96 channels. In practice, mixers do more than simply mix signals, some mixers have onboard electronic effects, such as reverb. Some mixers intended for small venue live performance applications may include a power amplifier. A mixing console is also known as a mixer, audio console, mixing desk, sound mixer, sound board. A typical analog mixing board has three sections, Channel inputs Master controls Audio level metering The channel input strips are usually a bank of identical monaural or stereo input channels. Each channel has rotary knobs, buttons and/or faders for controlling the gain, the master control section is used to adjust the levels of the overall output of the mixer. The master control section has sub-group faders, master faders, master auxiliary mixing bus level controls, in addition it may have solo monitoring controls, a stage talk-back microphone control, muting controls and an output matrix mixer. On smaller mixers the inputs are on the left of the mixing board, in larger mixers, the master controls are in the center with input faders and channel strips on both sides. The audio level meters may be above the input and master sections or they may be integrated into the input, the audio level meters indicate when the signals are clipping. Each signal that is plugged into the mixer has its own channel, depending on the specific mixer, each channel is stereo or monaural. On most mixers, each channel has an XLR input, the smallest, least expensive mixers may only have one XLR input with the other inputs being line inputs. These can be used by a singer-guitarist or other small acts, below each input, there are usually several rotary controls. The first knob is typically a trim or gain control, the inputs buffer the signal from the external device and this controls the amount of amplification or attenuation needed to bring the signal to a nominal level for processing. This stage is where most noise of interference is picked up, balanced inputs and connectors, such as XLR or phone connectors, reduce interference problems
11.
Digital mixing console
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The digital audio samples, which is the internal representation of the analog inputs, are summed to what is known as a master channel to produce a combined output. However, a computer with proper controller hardware can act as the device for the mixing console since it can mimic its interface. Digital mixing consoles are used in recording studios, public address systems, sound reinforcement systems, broadcasting, television. Most DMCs are expensive and sophisticated tools, the most common issue related to the DMC is the complex structure, which can be difficult to navigate without previous experience or knowledge of the system. The user usually requires an understanding of signal flow, audio terminology. Part of the solution to alleviate operator issues is to automate whenever possible, the advent of modern digital computer technology has now made it possible to install sound system components that will almost operate themselves. When upgrading or installing new systems, it is advantageous to install items that require as little hands-on. A digital mixing console can offset the lack of experience because it can store the settings programmed by an expert mixer. For example, A knowledgeable person can adjust all of the settings, monitors. After everything is properly adjusted, that set-up is assigned a name, afterwards, a less knowledgeable operator can simply select that setting on their console or computer. One can easily program many different preset configurations or snapshots, into the mixing console, default configurations that are included with the DMC are known as presets. Once a stored setting is recalled, the operator can still make manual volume adjustments, in other words, they can change a lot of stuff and all one has to do is hit the recall and the mixer automatically returns to all of the correct start-up settings. Another pitfall in terms of applications is improper location of the equipment. This is even more of a if the auditorium is a multi-use building that is often converted for other events. A digital mixer may solve this problem, an operator can operate the whole sound system from a laptop computer. With the proper set-up, it can even be done by a tablet for increased mobility. In fact, many of the digital mixers functions are easier to operate from a screen than the actual mixing console. Another advantage of DMCs is the abundance of features that it provides for each input channel
12.
Disturbed (band)
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Disturbed is an American heavy metal band from Chicago, Illinois, formed in 1994. The band includes vocalist David Draiman, bassist John Moyer, guitarist Dan Donegan, former band members are vocalist Erich Awalt and bassist Steve Kmak. The band has released six albums, five of which have consecutively debuted at number one on the Billboard 200. Before David Draiman joined Disturbed, the lineup consisted of vocalist Erich Awalt, guitarist Dan Donegan, drummer Mike Wengren, Awalt left the band shortly after the recording of a demo tape, the other three members advertised for a singer. They posted an advertisement in the music publication in Chicago, Illinois. Draiman answered the advertisement after going to twenty other auditions that month, guitarist Dan Donegan commented on Draiman, You know, out of all the singers that we had talked to or auditioned, he was the only singer who was ready to go with originals. And that impressed me, just to attempt that, yeah, well give you a call back. Im like, There is something here, as drummer Mike Wengren commented, We clicked right off the bat. Draiman then joined the band in 1996 and the band was renamed Disturbed, when asked in an interview why he suggested to name the band Disturbed, Draiman said, It had been a name I have been contemplating for a band for years. It just seems to symbolize everything we were feeling at the time, the level of conformity that people are forced into was disturbing to us and we were just trying to push the envelope and the name just sorta made sense. The artwork was composed of the recently created pet, The Guy. The band eventually signed with Giant Records, in 2000, the band released its debut album, titled The Sickness, which launched the band into stardom. The album peaked at twenty on Billboard 200, and it has sold over four million copies in the United States since its release. He took the escape to exit the building while the elevator was being used to move their equipment downstairs. Kmak skipped the European trek of the tour, but he did perform with the band on January 11 and 12,2001 at Disturbeds show in Chicago, during the European tour, Marty OBrien replaced Kmak until he was able to tour again. In September 2001, production of their studio album began. On September 17,2002, Disturbed released their studio album, titled Believe. The music video for the first single from the album, titled Prayer, was pulled from most television stations, David Draiman recorded vocals for a song titled Forsaken, a song written and produced by Jonathan Davis of the band Korn, released on Queen of the Damned
13.
DragonForce
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DragonForce are a British power metal band based in London, England. Formed in 1999, the group are known for their long and fast guitar solos, fantasy-themed lyrics, as of August 2014, DragonForce have released six studio albums, one live album, one live DVD and one demo. DragonForce were founded in 1999 by guitarists Herman Li and Sam Totman, Totman and Li had both experienced being in a band previously, with both having come from heavy metal band Demoniac. The two later found vocalist ZP Theart through an advertisement, and soon acquired former Demoniac drummer Matej Setinc, bassist Steve Scott, Setinc left the band in December 1999 to continue his studies in Slovenia, and was replaced by Didier Almouzni. The band also parted ways with Scott, who left to join Shadowkeep, bassist Diccon Harper joined the band in November that year, with keyboardist Vadim Pruzhanov joining in February 2001 to complete the line-up for recording their debut studio album. Although it was an independent release, their demo was enough to them one of the most popular independent power metal bands in the UK at the time. Their song Valley of the Damned was released as their debut shortly after they changed their name permanently to DragonForce in 2002. A promotional video featuring footage from their tour around Europe was released along with the song. The song was also a success on MP3. com where it charted at No.1 for 2 weeks as the most downloaded song. In 2002, the band signed to Noise Records and began recording their debut album, Harper performed the bass tracks for the album, but left the band in 2002 because of a tendon problem that required surgery. The title track, re-released in promotion of the album, is one of the best-known DragonForce songs to date and is a staple of their performances to this day. The bands tour for Valley of the Damned lasted until 2004, with the ending in Tokyo. DragonForces second studio album, Sonic Firestorm, proved to be more successful than their previous album, with the help of the albums lead single. Sonic Firestorm was the first DragonForce album to feature new bassist Adrian Lambert, when Mackintosh entered the band in 2004, they began referring to their style of music as extreme power metal due to his fast blast beats and double bass rhythms. The tour was longer than the previous tour for Valley of the Damned. The band toured with many metal bands such as W. A. S. P. On the album, they added a video commentary focusing on the making of Sonic Firestorm. The band went mainstream with their album, Inhuman Rampage
14.
Mastodon (band)
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Mastodon is an American heavy metal band from Atlanta, Georgia, formed in 2000 and composed of bassist Troy Sanders, guitarists Brent Hinds and Bill Kelliher, and drummer Brann Dailor. Their musical style features progressive concepts and unique instrumentation, all four members participate in vocals, creating a unique blend of singing styles and voices. Mastodon has released seven albums, as well as a number of other records. The bands debut album, Remission, released in 2002, garnered significant critical acclaim for its unique sound, Mastodons second full-length release, Leviathan, is a concept album based on the novel Moby-Dick by Herman Melville. Three magazines awarded the record Album of the Year in 2004, Revolver, Kerrang. the song Colony of Birchmen from the bands 2006 third album, Blood Mountain, was nominated for a Grammy Award for Best Metal Performance in 2007. Blood Mountain was followed in 2009 by Crack the Skye, and in 2011 by The Hunter, the Hunter features the song Curl of the Burl, which was nominated for a Grammy for Best Hard Rock/Metal Performance in 2012. Mastodons 2014 album, Once More Round the Sun, peaked at No.6 on the Billboard 200 chart and features the bands third Grammy-nominated song, the bands seventh album Emperor of Sand was released on March 31,2017. They discovered they had an appreciation of sludge metal bands Melvins and Neurosis and 70s hard-rockers Thin Lizzy. In an interview in 2009, Kelliher revealed that the first time Hinds attended a practice with the band, the band recorded a demo in 2000, which featured the bands first lead singer Eric Saner on vocals. Saner left the band for personal reasons after just a couple of months, after recording a four song demo and a 7-inch picture disc through Reptilian Records, Mastodon landed a record deal with Relapse Records in 2001. Mastodon released an EP, Lifesblood, in 2001, and its first full-length album, Remission, was released in 2002, with the singles March of the Fire Ants and Crusher/Destroyer. On each of Mastodons first three albums the last track was an instrumental composition with a title that related to the Elephant Man. The bands second album, Leviathan, was released in 2004. It is a concept loosely based on Herman Melvilles novel Moby-Dick. The band received acclaim for Leviathan and the record was named album of the year by Kerrang. Leviathan also ranked second in a list by Metal Hammer of the best albums of 2004, the band went on tour in support of the album, playing throughout North America and Europe in The Unholy Alliance tour along with Slayer and Lamb of God and later on with Slipknot. Iron Tusk, the track on the album, can be found on the soundtrack of the skateboarding video game Tony Hawks American Wasteland. Blood and Thunder is featured in the video games Need for Speed, Most Wanted, Project Gotham Racing 3, Blood and Thunder was added as a playable track on all instruments in Guitar Hero, Metallica and was featured in Japanese music games Drummania V2 and Guitarfreaks V2
15.
Machine Head (band)
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Machine Head is an American groove metal band from Oakland, California. Formed on October 12,1991, the group was founded by vocalist and rhythm guitarist Robb Flynn, the current lineup of the band comprises Flynn, drummer Dave McClain, lead guitarist Phil Demmel, and bassist Jared MacEachern. Machine Head is one of the bands in the new wave of American heavy metal. Machine Head was formed by member Robb Flynn, previously part of the bands Forbidden, Flynn felt musically unfulfilled with Vio-lence and requested to start a side project. When his request was denied, he left the band and formed Machine Head in 1991 with Adam Duce, Logan Mader, the bands first album Burn My Eyes, was a big success in Europe where it garnered attention on MTVs Headbangers Ball. In America Machine Head would not have success until later albums, the band re-signed with Roadrunner soon after and has released four albums since, 2003s Through the Ashes of Empires, 2007s The Blackening and 2011s Unto the Locust. Their most recent album, Bloodstone & Diamonds, was released in 2014, Machine Head have sold over 3 million records worldwide. Machine Head were formed on October 12,1991, in Oakland, California by vocalist/guitarist Robb Flynn, Flynn had recently parted ways with Vio-lence after a physical fight between the band members and a local gang. He still had a desire to write music and along with Duce recruited guitarist Logan Mader and drummer Tony Costanza to form Machine Head. The bands name was thought of by Flynn because it sounded cool, the band started jamming in a local warehouse shared with four punk rock bands. Machine Head recorded a demo in a bedroom, funded with US$800. A record executive representing Roadrunner Records listened to the demo and signed the band, Machine Head entered Fantasy Studios in Berkeley, California to record its debut album Burn My Eyes. Not long into production, Constanza left the band and was replaced by Chris Kontos, produced by Colin Richardson, the album was released on August 9,1994. The album shipped nearly 400,000 copies worldwide, becoming Roadrunner Records best selling debut album, Allmusic reviewer John Franck stated Burn My Eyes is a bone-shattering exercise in brutality. Following the success of the tour the band returned to Europe for a headline tour in early 1995. The band would return to Europe for the festival season but Kontos refused to tour. On the bands return to the US Kontos was fired because he was not keeping to touring commitments, Kontos went on to play drums with Testament, and was replaced by Dave McClain. After touring for Burn My Eyes, Machine Head entered the studio to record its second studio album, the album was released on March 25,1997, and debuted at number 138 on the Billboard 200 albums chart
16.
Children of Bodom
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Children of Bodom is a melodic death metal band from Espoo, Finland. Formed in 1993, the group consists of Alexi Laiho, Janne Wirman, Henkka Seppälä, Jaska Raatikainen. In total they have released nine albums, two live albums, two EPs, two compilation albums and one DVD. The bands third album, Follow the Reaper, was their first album to receive a Gold certification in Finland. In Finland, Children of Bodom has released three albums that debuted at number one on Finnish album charts, and has also seen chart positions on the United States Billboard 200. The band has incorporated many different musical styles, leading critics and fans to label their work as melodic metal, extreme power metal. They are one of Finlands best selling artists of all time with more than 250,000 records sold there alone, Children of Bodom was formed in 1993 by guitarist Alexi Wildchild Laiho and drummer Jaska Raatikainen under the name of Inearthed. Both musicians had known each other early childhood and had shared an interest in heavy metal, especially death metal groups, such as Dissection, Entombed. Bassist Samuli Miettinen completed the initial line-up of the band, Inearthed recorded its first demo, Implosion of Heaven, during August of the same year. In this demo, keyboards were incorporated into the songs for the first time. In order to achieve this, both Laiho and Raatikainen played the keyboards separately, and subsequently mixed the track with the other instruments. Laiho, who had previously composed the melodies of the songs. At the time, Raatikainen played French horn in a big band, and during a rehearsal he met Alexander Kuoppala. Shortly after the recording of their demo, Kuoppala was invited to join Inearthed as a rhythm guitarist. The bassist chosen to replace Samuli was Henkka Blacksmith Seppälä, whom Laiho, apart from playing the bass, Seppälä also often doubles as the bands backing vocalist. Also, the band recruited a musician to specialize on keyboards, both joined Inearthed in early 1996. With this new line-up, Inearthed proceeded to record their third demo and this demo did not impress record labels any more than the previous ones had, and none took interest in the band. Despite their efforts, their music got little exposure and managed only to play at local events, as a last resort, the band decided to record an independent, self-funded album
17.
Coheed and Cambria
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Coheed and Cambria is an American progressive rock band from Nyack, New York, formed in 1995. The band consists of Claudio Sanchez, Travis Stever, Josh Eppard, and Zach Cooper The groups music incorporates aspects of rock, pop, heavy metal. The band has released eight albums, three live albums, and several special-edition releases. Their most recent release, The Color Before the Sun, is the bands first non-conceptual album since their inception and it reached #10 on the Billboard 200. Its predecessors The Afterman, Descension, Year of the Black Rainbow and Good Apollo, Im Burning Star IV, Volume One, From Fear Through The Eyes of Madness all reached the top 10 as well. In March 1995, after the split of Claudio Sanchez and Travis Stevers band called Toxic Parents, the band featured Stever on vocals and guitar, Sanchez on guitar, Kelley on drums and Jon Carleo on bass. The group was short-lived, breaking up by June 1995 after an argument over gas money, Stever left the band, and the resulting trio was named Shabütie, a word taken from African tribe chants that means naked prey in the film The Naked Prey. The band spent nearly a year experimenting with a multitude of different musical styles, including rock, indie rock, acoustic rock, funk. When Carleo left the band in August 1996, Kelley recruited Michael Todd to take his place, Todd, who was primarily a guitarist, picked up the bass specifically for Shabütie. As Shabütie, the band wrote dozens of songs and released their first studio demo Plan to Take Over the World in 1999, the band also released The Penelope EP in 1999, shortly after which Stever rejoined the band. Kelley left the band during a performance in late 1999, the band went on to release Delirium Trigger in 2000, still featuring Kelley on the drums, but listing Eppard in the liner notes. Several songs that appeared on Delirium Trigger were based on a series of science fiction written by Claudio Sanchez called The Bag. On. Line Adventures. This side project also created Coheeds official logo, the Keywork, in February 2002 the band released its first studio album The Second Stage Turbine Blade after signing with Equal Vision Records. The band also released its first single and music video, Devil in Jersey City, the band eventually played several tour dates in the United States and Japan, as well as a brief stint on the 2002 Vans Warped Tour. In August 2002, Coheed and Cambria started working with manager Blaze James, who would help propel the band to larger stages, Coheed and Cambria also made its second appearance on the Warped Tour and performed additional European shows. The album peaked at No.52 on the Billboard charts and was certified Gold by the RIAA, the band also supported the release by filming an August 2004 concert at New Jerseys Starland Ballroom. The performance was converted into the bands first live DVD, Live at the Starland Ballroom, the success of In Keeping Secrets of Silent Earth,3 attracted the attention of the record label Columbia Records, with whom they signed a multi-album contract. Their most commercially successful album to date, Good Apollo Volume One has sold almost 1 million copies, the album represented a departure from their previous melodic post-hardcore influenced rock toward a progressive rock sound
18.
Trivium (band)
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Trivium is an American heavy metal band from Orlando, Florida, formed in 1999. After getting signed to Roadrunner Records in 2004, the band has released seven studio albums and their latest album, Silence in the Snow, was released on October 2,2015. The band has sold one million albums worldwide. At his Lake Brantley High School talent show, Matt Heafy performed a version of No Leaf Clover by Metallica. Singer Brad Lewter noticed Heafy and asked him to try out for his band as lead guitarist, the pair went over to drummer Travis Smiths house where they played a rendition of Metallicas For Whom the Bell Tolls. Two weeks after Matt joined the band, Brad had left the band before performing, in mid-2001 Trivium parted ways with its bassist. Trivium asked Richie Brown from local black metal band Mindscar to fill in on bass duties until a member could be brought in. A string of successful shows followed and then a search was conducted for a permanent bassist, in late 2002, Trivium went into the recording studio to record its first high-quality demo disc. A copy of the demo was heard by German label Lifeforce which signed Trivium, lead guitarist Corey Beaulieu joined after the recording of the album. In 2004, Paolo Gregoletto joined as the bands bassist, replacing Brent Young, the album Ember to Inferno managed to garner the interest of Roadrunner Records representatives, who later signed Trivium to the label. The band then began writing songs for their label debut. In 2004, Trivium recorded its album, Ascendancy, in Audiohammer Studios. Produced by Heafy and Jason Suecof, the album was released in March 2005, the album debuted at No.151 on the Billboard 200 and at No.4 on the Top Heatseekers chart. And Rod Smith of Decibel magazine praised Smith’s impeccably articulated beats, bassist Paolo Gregoletto’s contained thunder, the album was also recognized as the Album of the Year by Kerrang. Later in 2007 the band received their first Gold Record in the UK for more than 100,000 Sales. In 2005, Trivium played the first Saturday set on the stage at Download Festival in Castle Donington, England. Singles and music videos were released for Like Light to the Flies, Pull Harder on the Strings of Your Martyr, A Gunshot to the Head of Trepidation, in support of the album, Trivium played on numerous tours with well-known artists. The band opened for Killswitch Engage, Iced Earth, Fear Factory, and Machine Head, Trivium also played at Road Rage 2005 and Ozzfest
19.
3 Inches of Blood
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They are marked by strong influences from the new wave of British heavy metal movement. On June 2,2015, the band announced it would be disbanding following two shows, which took place on November 7 and 8 at the Commodore Ballroom in their hometown. The group initially performed with only Jamie Hooper as vocalist before the addition of Cam Pipes, Rich Trawicks roommate at the time, Steve Bays, heard the demo of the bands first recording and suggested having his long time friend Cam Pipes overdub some clean vocals to it. Their debut album Battlecry Under a Wintersun was recorded in 2002 and released in cooperation with the Teenage Rampage and it was later remastered and re-released by the band under their own label entitled Minion Music. The band garnered international exposure when the bands UK distribution label decided to put them on as a slot for a tour with platinum rock band The Darkness. This exposure gained them much attention and acclaim in the world of underground metal. In 2004, Geoff Trawick and brother Rich Trawick left the following personal differences with the rest of the band. Matt Wood of Vancouver doom/sludge/noise band Goatsblood, and Brian Redman replaced them, original guitarists Sunny Dhak and Bob Froese left the band shortly after recording in around July 2004 because they could no longer commit to touring and needed to deal with some personal matters. They were also committed to a business that they had set up called Bloodstone Press and it is now defunct and together with Mike Payette and Matt Wood they founded the rock band Pride Tiger. The band plays music more oriented towards 70s guitar-driven rock bands because, as Wood stated, anyway, Im not really a metal dude. Im sure if you studied pictures of 3 Inches of Blood you could pick us out as not really belonging there, Sunny and Bobby were replaced by Justin Hagberg, who had previously played with Pipes in Allfather, a black metal band, and Shane Clark. Also in 2005, Justin Hagberg recorded the guitars on the tracks Dawn of a Golden Age and I Dont Wanna Be for Roadrunner United, The All Star Sessions. In October 2006, the opened a show for Iron Maiden during the United States leg of their 2006 A Matter of Life. The show was at the Verizon Wireless Amphitheatre in Irvine, California, the band wrote their entire third studio album in Tacoma, Washington and performed their new songs at various places in the vicinity of Washington. A demo of Goatriders Horde which was recorded in Seattle in the spring of 2006 was later available for streaming on Roadrunners official website. Another demo of Night Marauders appeared in the fifth Battle Metal compilation album that was released in issue 161 of the UK magazine Metal Hammer. The band toured the United States during January and February 2007 in support of Cradle of Filth with The 69 Eyes and, in March, on March 22,2007, the band was confirmed to play the second stage at Ozzfest. On April 6,2007, the website was completely redesigned
20.
DevilDriver
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Fafara hosted several barbecues after moving from Orange County to Santa Barbara and would jam with musicians he met, which led to the formation of the band. Another problem was that the label, Roadrunner Records were unable to secure copyright. The members compiled a list of two hundred names to go for a more original approach. Fafaras wife had a book by Italian witchcraft author Raven Grimassi on Stregheria, the term devil driver refers to bells Italian witches used to drive evil forces away. Fafara thought it was appropriate because it sounded evil, and thought the term suits his life, the bands logo is the Cross of Confusion, which has existed for thousands of years and refers to question religion, question authority, question everything around you. Fafara was brought up to everything and was exposed to Italian witchcraft through his grandparents. DevilDrivers debut record was going to be called Thirteen. However, Fafara claims it was changed for so many reasons that I cant even go into, the bands self-titled debut DevilDriver, was released on October 28,2003 under Roadrunner Records, and entered the Top Heatseekers chart at number 17. Guitarist Pitts wrote roughly 90% of the music, according to Mike Spreitzer, music critics response to the album was generally negative. Allmusic reviewer Johnny Loftus commented that elements in the songs Die and Swinging the Dead redeem an otherwise disappointing album, the band returned to the studio in 2005 to record their follow-up to DevilDriver. The album was produced at Sonic Ranch Studios, a 1, 400-acre pecan ranch,40 miles away from El Paso, Texas. The band members wanted to be isolated when recording the album so they could focus on the music as friends, family, managers. Roughly 30 songs were written which were narrowed down to 15 by the band, the 15 songs were then played for producer Colin Richardson who wanted to begin tracking immediately. The album was released on June 28,2005 and debuted on the Billboard 200 chart at number 117, the album also debuted at number 1 on the Top Heatseekers chart. Johnny Loftus of Allmusic described the album as a turn away from the falter of their first album. Gave the album a review describing the album as a fresh. The band toured extensively in support of the album, which included shows in the United States, Europe, and Australia in support of such as In Flames, Fear Factory. The band played for the first time as a headliner in the Burning Daylight Tour, the release also contained three live recordings of previously released, a DVD of all of the bands music videos, new cover art, and inside liner notes
21.
The Black Dahlia Murder (band)
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The Black Dahlia Murder is an American death metal band from Waterford, Michigan, formed in 2001. Their name is derived from the 1947 unsolved murder of Elizabeth Short, the band currently comprises vocalist Trevor Strnad, guitarists Brian Eschbach and Brandon Ellis, drummer Alan Cassidy, and bassist Max Lavelle. Their latest album, Abysmal, was released on September 18,2015, the Black Dahlia Murder began its inception during late 2000 and gained the final band line-up in January 2001. The group released their demo entitled What a Horrible Night to Have a Curse, and a four-track EP, A Cold-Blooded Epitaph, after appearing in concerts such as the Milwaukee Metal Fest, The Black Dahlia Murder signed to Metal Blade Records in 2003. Current bassist Ryan Bart Williams left his band, Detroits Today I Wait. After touring with the band on their co-headlining gig with Throwdown and their European dates with Liar, he joined the group full-time, frontman Trevor Strnad said that Lock was fired for incompetency. Williams was one of two engineers on the bands first full-length album, Unhallowed, the bands second album Miasma was released on July 12,2005 and peaked at No.118 on the Billboard 200. After touring for Miasma, drummer Zach Gibson left the band along with Pierre Langlois, the group played at Ozzfest 2005. Their third album, entitled Nocturnal, was released on September 18,2007, the album debuted at No.72 on the Billboard 200. They were joined by label-mates The Red Chord, Aeon, The Absence, in January/February 2008, the band embarked on a U. S. headlining tour with 3 Inches of Blood, Hate Eternal, and Decrepit Birth, followed by another alongside Brain Drill and Animosity. They were on Hot Topics Summer Slaughter Tour with Kataklysm, Cryptopsy, Vader, Whitechapel and their long-time guitarist, John Kempainen left the band and was replaced by Ryan Knight during the beginning of 2009. In May 2009, The Black Dahlia Murder released their first DVD, the DVD contains a documentary and live footage from the Summer Slaughter tour and their tour supporting Children of Bodom in late 2008. The DVD also contains all of their videos and behind the scenes footage. The Black Dahlia Murder released Deflorate on September 15,2009 via Metal Blade Records and they toured with Children of Bodom and Skeletonwitch in support of the album. After their 2010 headlining tour with Goatwhore and Arkaik, the band writing and recording their next full-length album. In February 2011, The Black Dahlia Murder completed the process for their fifth studio album. It was released on June 21,2011 in North America, the band supported Amon Amarth on their May 2011 European tour, as well as headlined the 2011 Summer Slaughter tour, both in support of Ritual. Before the records release, the track Moonlight Equilibrium was posted to the Metal Blade Records website on April 29,2011 to critical, a music video for Moonlight Equilibrium was released on February 20,2012
22.
Sydonia
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Sydonia was an alternative rock/metal band formed in 1997 in Melbourne, Victoria. The band consisted of Dana Roskvist, Adam Murray, Sean Bailey, the band has released 4 EPs, the full-length album Given To Destroyers through MGM and Reality Kicks through MGM as well. Several singles have had airplay on Triple J, Triple M and their third album is in production now, with Tom Larkin from Shihad assisting on production alongside the band. They have toured with bands such as Stone Sour, Slipknot, Machine Head and Lamb of God, as well as fellow Australians Dead Letter Circus. Sydonia was originally formed in 1998 in Noosa Heads, Queensland Australia and they released three EPs, Id Say No in 2003, Subordinate in 2004, and ipulate in 2005. Following the 3 EPs and many years of honing their sound and identity as a band, Given To Destroyers, taking its name from single No Womans Land, was recorded over 14 days in Backbeach Studio with producer DW Norton. Despite offering distribution deals to several independent labels, Sydonia eventually elected to release the album independently in September 2006 with distribution through Green Media Australia, a headlining national tour of Australia Personally invited to tour Australia with Lamb of God. First Given To Destroyers single Sorry video received multiple screenings on Channel V, Sorry and second single No Womans Land received regular airplay on Triple J. Received awards at the Noisies Award Night. Toured the east coast of Australia with Stone Sour, subsequently invited to tour the USA with Stone Sour and Dirty Little Rabbits. This is later documented on the bands DVD Through A Lens Is All We Are, toured the east coast of Australia with Mammal. A review of the Sydney show here, http, //www. fasterlouder. com. au/reviews/events/13978/Mammal Third album single Taste More video featured on New Videos on Channel V website, Personally invited to tour Australia nationally with Slipknot & Machine Head. Toured the east coast of Australia to launch Through a Lens Is All We Are, toured around Australia with Dead Letter Circus on the Space on the Wall tour. Played the Rock the Bay festival with acts such as. hinge, Full Scale, Twelve Foot Ninja, toured the east coast of Australia with American act Between the Buried and Me. Began work on upcoming second full-length album, had single Oceans of Storms from new album mixed by Colin Richardson with assistance from Martyn Ginge Ford and Carl Bown. Toured Nationally with Dead Letter Circus for their This is a warning Album tour, toured Nationally with Korn for their Korn III, Remember Who You Are tour. Sydonia released their 2nd Full-length album Reality Kicks in 2014 through MGM Distribution,2014 saw them play at Bigsound in Brisbane, Australias largest Music Conference. 2016 saw them sign to Premier Artists for bookings in Australia/NZ
23.
Paul Gray (American musician)
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Paul Dedrick Gray was born in Los Angeles, California. Later his family relocated to Des Moines, Iowa and he played guitar but switched to bass after he relocated to Iowa. In his youth, Gray performed in such as Anal Blast, Vexx, Body Pit, The Have Nots. In June 2003, Gray crashed his car into another vehicle, after police were called to the scene and searched his car, Gray was arrested for possession of marijuana, cocaine and drug paraphernalia, as well as failure to obey a traffic signal. He was one of the two members not born in Iowa, in 2010, Slipknot released the Download 2009 performance on DVD in memory of Gray. An award was named after Paul titled Paul Gray, Best Bassist of the Year, Slipknot presented the award to Nikki Sixx, of Mötley Crüe and Sixx A. M. On May 24,2010, The Des Moines Register reported that Gray had been dead in room 431 at the TownePlace Suites Hotel in Johnston. In a 911-call, obtained by TMZ, one of the hotels proprietors said that a needle was found next to Grays bed. An initial autopsy determined no foul play or trauma was involved. He is survived by his wife Brenna and their daughter October, on June 21,2010, autopsy results were released that stated Gray had died of an overdose of morphine, and had also shown signs of significant heart disease. On the day after Grays death, May 25,2010 and they did not take any questions from the media. The band, as well as Grays brother, Tony, and wife, Brenna and he was kind of the person in the band that really wanted everybody in the band to always get along and just concentrate on the band. He was a great friend and just a great person. Hes going to be missed, and the world is going to be a different place without him. A private funeral was held on May 28,2010, Paul Gray was buried at the Highland Memory Gardens Cemetery in Des Moines, Iowa. On November 8,2010, items that decorated Grays grave, including a Buddha statue, the band responded to this event with a post on their MySpace and Facebook page, asking the robbers to return the stolen items and appealing for information from the public. On July 30, Paul Gray was posthumously awarded the Kerrang, services to Metal award, it was collected by his Slipknot bandmate Corey Taylor on his behalf. Slipknots former guitarist Donnie Steele filled in on guitar for Gray on Slipknots 2011 Summer tour
24.
Sid Wilson
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Sidney George Wilson also known as Ratboy or DJ Starscream, #0, is an American DJ, keyboardist and pianist, best known as the turntablist of the Grammy Award-winning band Slipknot. Wilson was the youngest member of the band until bassist Alessandro Venturella and drummer Jay Weinberg, Sid Wilson was born and raised in Des Moines, Iowa. He performs in the American band Slipknot, and also tours as DJ Starscream and he is a fan of the Transformers franchise, and has Transformer tattoos. Musically within Slipknot, Wilson contributes scratching, sound effects, horrorlike noises as well as background noises/effects, when numbers were being assigned to each band member, he insisted on being the number zero since it epitomized filth. He is also known to dive in Slipknots early years. Outside Slipknot, Wilson has made a following in Japan as a musician, under the pseudonym DJ Starscream. A remix of the track appeared on the Wagdug Futuristic Unity mini-album Nu Riot and 2008 album Hakai. As of August 2010, he is touring with his solo band SID and he is the lead vocalist of the band. Wilson went on tour with his band, his last tour date was on September 5,2010 at a music venue called Another Hole In The Wall, located in Steger. He stated, This is the best stop on the tour and it really made me feel like I got back to my roots. He also said that he will be touring with his project for a year or two. The debut album SID was released on September 13,2011 for digital download, in 2013 he was a support act for Vamps at their shows in Los Angeles and New York. During his time with Slipknot, Sids mask has been, for the most part, during the tour for Iowa, Sid wore gas masks that had been customised to resemble skulls. During the Subliminal Verses World Tour, Sid grew his hair long and began to wear masks that simply resembled skulls. In promotional photos for All Hope is Gone and the tour for the album, Sid changed his mask again and he once again cut his hair short, this time into a Fauxhawk style, and dyed it red. The eyebrows of the mask are able to be controlled by Sid, in 2013 Sid announced a new mask which he debuted over the weekend at Ozzfest Japan in Tokyo. The mask was made by Ukrainian design studio Bob Basset and this and the subsequent masks made by Basset are all made of leather and have a style reminiscent of Sids earlier gas masks. The mask also has a metal cup that can be placed over the mouth
25.
Joey Jordison
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Jordison played in Slipknot since their formation in 1995 until his departure from the band in December 2013. He was the drummer and founder of the American heavy metal band Scar the Martyr which formed in 2013 and he grew up in Waukee, Iowa with his parents and two sisters, and was given his first drum kit at the age of 8. He performed in bands until joining in the summer of 1995 with the group The Pale Ones. Of Slipknots nine-member lineup which lasted from 1999–2010, Joey was the third to join the band, with Slipknot, Jordison performed on four studio albums, and produced the live album 9.0, Live. Outside his major projects, Jordison has performed with heavy metal groups such as Rob Zombie, Metallica, Korn, Ministry, Otep. Jordison is also known for his work which includes performances on many albums for many different artists. Jordison uses several drum brands including Pearl and ddrum and he currently plays with the bands VIMIC and Sinsaenum. Jordison was born at Mercy Hospital in Des Moines, Iowa on April 26,1975 and he grew up in a rural area outside of Waukee. He embraced music at an age, which he attributes to the influence of his parefront of the radio. He played guitar until receiving his first drum kit as a gift from his parents at age eight, at a young age, Jordisons parents divorced, he and his two younger sisters stayed with their mother. His mother remarried and set up a funeral parlor where Jordison would occasionally help, Jordison has stated that he felt a sudden responsibility to be the man of the house. It was during this time that he formed the band Modifidious and he later described them as total speed-metal thrash. The band helped Jordison break new ground, playing for crowds in support of local bands including Atomic Opera, which featured Jim Root, and Heads on the Wall. After a multitude of changes including the presence of Craig Jones. He cites Keith Moon, John Bonham, Peter Criss, Gene Krupa, after leaving school, Jordison was hired by a local music store called Musicland. In March 1994, after a recommendation from his new friend, Jordison worked the night shift, which he preferred, as it left his weekends free and allowed him to spend time with his friends and listen to music while working. In early 1995, Modifidious disbanded because of a shift in interest from thrash metal to metal in America. Following this Jordison joined a band called The Rejects as a guitarist
26.
Mick Thomson
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Mickael Gordon Mick Thomson is an American heavy metal musician. Born in Des Moines, Iowa, he is best known as one of two guitarists in Slipknot, in which he is designated #7, following the departure of Joey Jordison in 2013, Thomson is now the third longest-serving member of Slipknot. Mick Thomson grew up having a fascination with death metal bands, including Morbid Angel and he began his career playing guitar in a number of local bands in his hometown of Des Moines, Iowa, most notably death metal outfit Body Pit, formed in 1993. Original Slipknot members Anders Colsefni, Donnie Steele and Paul Gray were all members of Body Pit during this period. In addition to performing in the band, Thomson gave guitar lessons to students at Ye Olde Guitar Shop on 70th Street in Des Moines. Thomson joined Slipknot in the summer of 1996, replacing Craig Jones on guitar after he became the bands full-time sampler, the first Slipknot album on which Thomson performed was the 1999 self-titled debut. Upon joining the band, Thomson wore a mask which he bought from a store. The guitarists mask would remain much the same throughout his career, with minor changes made for each album cycle. For being able to get across how I am, there isnt something crazy creative about it. Thomson also chose #7 in the band, claiming that it was his lucky number, outside of Slipknot, Thomson has collaborated with several other bands. Along with Slipknot bassist Paul Gray, he appeared on a Death tribute album organised by James Murphy, in 2007, he performed the second guitar solo on Malevolent Creations Deliver My Enemy, released on Doomsday X. Speaking about his appearance on the song, which was engineered in part by Slipknot DJ Sid Wilson, Thomson claimed that he was proud beyond words to have asked to be part of this recording. In 2011, he performed guest lead guitar on Necrophagias album Deathtrip 69, Thomson is also featured in the music video for No Pity on the Ants by thrash metal band Lupara, directed by Frankie Nasso and released in 2007. Thomson is known for playing Ibanez MTM guitars both in the studio and on tour, all of which are handmade by the companys artist shop luthier Tak Hosono, the guitars feature Seymour Duncan EMTY Blackout pickups and dAddario EXL117 strings. He began working with the company in 2003, during the process for Slipknots third studio album Vol.3. In July 2016, Jackson Guitars announced that Thomson had joined their artist roster, speaking about joining the company, Thomson proclaimed that he was immensely proud to be a part of the Jackson family, praising his custom Double Rhoads and Soloist models as incredible. Outside of performing with Slipknot, Thomson is known to keep a low profile. In an interview with Jon Wiederhorn for Revolver magazine about the making of Iowa, id rather be alone than be around a bunch of people that I dont care about, dont care about me or are fuckin full of shit
27.
Mayhem Festival
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The Mayhem Festival was a touring heavy metal festival that took place during the summer. The inaugural season took place in 2008, the festival has become an annual event across the United States. Most years also include a date in either Montreal or Toronto. The tour has been sponsored by the Rockstar Energy Company since the time of its inception and it was assembled by Vans Warped Tour founder Kevin Lyman, and by John Reese. On August 2,2015, Reese confirmed that the 2015 festival would be the last one, all of the touring groups that participate can be classified as hard rock, and most are considered metal. On a nearly annual basis, big-name guests are brought onto the tour as temporary replacements for the main acts who are forced to cancel a few dates. The first such occurrence was in 2009, when Mushroomhead performed instead of Bullet for My Valentine for three tour dates while they appeared at the European festival Wacken Open Air. In 2010, Avenged Sevenfold was added as a performer for two dates only, one of which was on the release date of their fifth album Nightmare. In 2011, Dethklok filled in for Megadeth on the festivals first day, the festival has featured three separate stages each year since the time of its inception, the Main Stage, the Jägermeister Stage, and the third stage that has gone through sponsorship changes. It was known as the Hot Topic Stage from 2008-2009, silver Star briefly replaced the Hot Topic sponsorship in 2010, while Revolver sponsored the stage for 2011. A large selection of Battle of the Bands winners are chosen to open the Jägermeister Stage upon the various dates each year, each year the festival has the Metal Mulisha as a side attraction for the fans to watch. Most bands that participate on the tour have a public meet-and-greet at scheduled times throughout the day, Rockstar Energy Drink, the festivals most prominent sponsor, allows fans to enjoy numerous free samples of its new products every year. Ozzfest Uproar Festival Sounds of the Underground Official website
28.
Album
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Album, is a collection of audio recordings issued as a single item on CD, record, audio tape, or another medium. Albums of recorded music were developed in the early 20th century, first as books of individual 78rpm records, vinyl LPs are still issued, though in the 21st century album sales have mostly focused on compact disc and MP3 formats. The audio cassette was a format used from the late 1970s through to the 1990s alongside vinyl, an album may be recorded in a recording studio, in a concert venue, at home, in the field, or a mix of places. Recording may take a few hours to years to complete, usually in several takes with different parts recorded separately. Recordings that are done in one take without overdubbing are termed live, the majority of studio recordings contain an abundance of editing, sound effects, voice adjustments, etc. With modern recording technology, musicians can be recorded in separate rooms or at times while listening to the other parts using headphones. Album covers and liner notes are used, and sometimes additional information is provided, such as analysis of the recording, historically, the term album was applied to a collection of various items housed in a book format. In musical usage the word was used for collections of pieces of printed music from the early nineteenth century. Later, collections of related 78rpm records were bundled in book-like albums, the LP record, or 33 1⁄3 rpm microgroove vinyl record, is a gramophone record format introduced by Columbia Records in 1948. It was adopted by the industry as a standard format for the album. Apart from relatively minor refinements and the important later addition of stereophonic sound capability, the term album had been carried forward from the early nineteenth century when it had been used for collections of short pieces of music. Later, collections of related 78rpm records were bundled in book-like albums, as part of a trend of shifting sales in the music industry, some commenters have declared that the early 21st century experienced the death of the album. Sometimes shorter albums are referred to as mini-albums or EPs, Albums such as Tubular Bells, Amarok, Hergest Ridge by Mike Oldfield, and Yess Close to the Edge, include fewer than four tracks. There are no rules against artists such as Pinhead Gunpowder referring to their own releases under thirty minutes as albums. These are known as box sets, material is stored on an album in sections termed tracks, normally 11 or 12 tracks. A music track is a song or instrumental recording. The term is associated with popular music where separate tracks are known as album tracks. When vinyl records were the medium for audio recordings a track could be identified visually from the grooves
29.
Vol. 3: (The Subliminal Verses)
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Vol.3, The Subliminal Verses is the third studio album by American metal band Slipknot. The album was released on May 25,2004, by Roadrunner Records, and it is the bands only album produced by Rick Rubin, and also the only one not to feature profanity. Following the bands tour to promote its second album in 2002, some band members had already been involved in side projects including Murderdolls, To My Surprise, and the reformation of Stone Sour. In 2003, Slipknot moved into The Mansion to work on the album, initially, the band was unproductive, lead vocalist Corey Taylor was drinking heavily. Nevertheless, they more than enough material for a new album—the bands first to incorporate more traditional, melodic song structures, guitar solos. The album received positive reviews. Slipknot was praised by Allmusic for its dedication to making it a Slipknot album, the album peaked within the top ten in album sales across eleven countries, and went Platinum in the United States. The band also received the Grammy Award for Best Metal Performance for the song Before I Forget, at the end of 2009, Before I Forget was listed as AOLs Top Metal Song of the Decade. Roadrunner Records have listed the video for Duality as the best music video in Roadrunner history. Slipknot recorded Vol.3, The Subliminal Verses with producer Rick Rubin at The Mansion in Los Angeles, earlier there had been speculation regarding the possibility of a third album and the bands future, as some members worked on other musical projects. After the album was completed, the said that these side projects saved the band. Coming back together and working out their differences hindered the process initially. During an interview in 2008, drummer Joey Jordison said we didnt talk to each other for three months, we just sat there wasting money in the fucking Houdini mansion, speaking retrospectively percussionist Shawn Crahan states, eventually we got sick of waiting for shit to happen. We got together, had a few beers and wrote a really artsy, in a Q&A for his book, Youre making me hate you, he told that the first verse and chorus of the song Circle were written and recorded during the Iowa tour. The same take ended up on the album, band members were divided over their experience of working with producer Rubin, some doubted his commitment to Slipknot as he split his time between many artists at once. Lead vocalist Corey Taylor admitted in an interview that he drank heavily throughout their time in the mansion, saying I would drink from the moment I got up until the moment I passed out. He explained that, everything I did while I was drinking sounded like shit, during this time, percussionist Crahan worked on Voliminal, Inside the Nine, a video documenting the creation process of the album and the touring which would follow. In a 2008 interview, Corey Taylor said that he only met Rubin four times during the recording process of Vol.3, The Subliminal Verses
30.
Blocking (stage)
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In theatre, blocking is the precise staging of actors in order to facilitate the performance of a play, ballet, film or opera. Both blocking and block were applied to stage and theater from as early as 1961. The term derives from the practice of 19th-century theatre directors such as Sir W. S. Gilbert who worked out the staging of a scene on a stage using blocks to represent each of the actors. Each scene in a play is blocked as a unit. The positioning of actors on stage in one scene will usually affect the possibilities for subsequent positioning unless the stage is cleared between scenes,9 During the blocking rehearsal, the assistant director, stage manager or director take notes about where actors are positioned and their movements on stage. In film, the term is used to speak of the arrangement of actors in the frame. In this context, there is also a need to consider the movement of the camera as part of the blocking process, the stage itself has been given named areas to facilitate blocking. The rear of the area, farthest from the audience, is upstage. The front, nearest the audience, is downstage, the terms derive from the once common use of raked stages that slope downward toward the audience. In English-speaking cultures generally, stage left and stage right refer to the actors left, sometimes the terms prompt and bastard/opposite prompt are used as synonyms. House left and house right refer to the audience perspective, in productions for film or video, analogous terms are screen left/right and camera left/right. An actor placed up-stage right in blocking may be instructed by a director to cross down-stage left when speaking a line, in French, stage left is côté cour and stage right is côté jardin. In German and Arabic, left and right always refer to the audience perspective
31.
Ellipsoidal reflector spotlight
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The optics of an ERS instrument are roughly similar to those of a 35 mm slide projector. There are many types of ERS that are designed for the applications found in the entertainment industry. ERS instruments come in all shapes and sizes, each particular model of ERS has its own set of characteristics. Generally, ERS instruments are the most varied and utilized type of stage lighting instrument, ERS may also be referred to as Profile Spotlights because the beam can be shaped to the profile of an object. Ellipsoidal reflectors are used for their strong, well-defined light and their versatility, leko and Source Four are brand names which are often, but inaccurately, used to refer to any sort of ellipsoidal. Characteristics of a typical ellipsoidal lighting unit include, An ellipsoidal reflector An adjustable lens tube containing the lens or lens train. Adjusting the tube by pushing it further in or pulling it out of the unit allows changes to the focus of the beam of light projected by the unit. This results from changing the distance between the reflector and the lens train, Zoom ERS instruments can vary the size of beam as well as the focus One or two Plano-Convex lenses within the lens tube to create the lens train. The Plano-Convex lenses, named for having one side and one convex side, have their convex sides facing each other within the tube. Most modern units include two slots that allow for combining different accessories A series of four shutters mounted at the focal point of the unit. These allow for precise shaping and sizing of the beam as lines. Additionally, an iris may be present to size the beam circularly, the filament of the lamp is at one focal point of the ellipsoidal reflector and the gate with the shutters and gobo are at the other focal point. Ellipsoidals are supplied with a certain size lens or lenses that determines the field angle, field angle is the angle of the beam of light where it reaches 10% of the intensity of the center of the beam. Most manufacturers now use field angle to indicate the fixtures spread typically in this series, older fixtures are described by the width of the lens x focal length of the instrument. For example, a 6x9 ellipsoidal would have a 6 diameter lens, 6x9 Instruments have a field angle of approximately 37°. 6x12 instruments have an angle of approximately 27°. As the field angle narrows, the instrument can be used further from the stage, variable focus instruments with two lenses that move in and out from the lamp housing are also available, allowing the user to manually adjust to the desired focal length within a certain range. Ellipsoidals can be used for any job but their function is to illuminate a specific proximity
32.
Front of house
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In the performing arts, front of house is the part of a performance venue that is open to the public. In theatre and live venues, it is the auditorium and foyer. In theatre, the front of house manager is responsible for sales, refreshments. Sound operators, excluding the monitor engineers, are positioned in a small sectioned-off area front of house. From this position they have unobstructed listening and a view of the performance, enabling the operation of the main speaker system, show control consoles. In this case front of house can refer to both the general area or to the specific small section from where the show is mixed. The front of speakers are the main speakers that cover the audience. In stage lighting, any lighting fixtures that are on the side of the proscenium arch are referred to as being FOH. The lighting operator may also be located in the area as well. This term can refer to the individuals whose primary work is dealing with patrons, including house managers, ticket vendors, bartenders, merchandise vendors, ushers
33.
Palette (computing)
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In computer graphics, a palette is a finite set of colors. Palettes can be optimized to improve accuracy in the presence of software or hardware constraints. Depending on the context, the palette and related terms such as Web palette. Selected colors or picked colors, In this case, the selection, generally from a wider explicitly available full palette, is always chosen by software. For example, the standard VGA display adapter is said to provide a palette of 256 simultaneous colors from a total of 262,144 different colors, default palette or system palette, The given selected colors have been officially standardized by some body or corporation. For example, the well known Web-safe colors for use with Internet browsers, on an individual image, color map or color table, The limited color selection is stored inside the given indexed color image file. For example, the registers of the Commodore Amiga are known both as their color palette and their CLUT, depending on sources. GUI palettes An arrangement of a set of user or system colors that can be chosen. In such cases, the color palette or user color palette are common equivalents. This usage resembles a true artists palette, a palette for choosing colors can be also a floating palette. An application can, in turn, show different image thumbnails in a mosaic on screen. It is obvious that the program cannot load all the adaptive palettes of every displayed image thumbnail at the time in the hardware color registers. A solution is to use a unique, common master palette or universal palette and this is done by selecting colors in such way that the master palette comprises a full RGB color space in miniature, limiting the possible levels that the red, green and blue components may have. This kind of arrangement is referred as a uniform palette. The normal human eye has sensibility to the three colors in different degrees, the more to the green, the less to the blue. So RGB arrangements can take advantage of this by assigning more levels for the green component and it is more general to use only 6R×6G×6B =216, 6R×8G×5B =240 or 6R×7G×6B =252, which leave room for some reserved colors. This way, and with further dithering, the color image can nearly match the original. But this creates a heavy dependence between the pixels and its adaptive palette
34.
Amber (color)
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The color amber is a pure chroma color, located on the color wheel midway between the colors of gold and orange. In English the first recorded use of the term as a color name, Amber is one of several technically defined colors used in automotive signal lamps. In North America, SAE standard J578 governs the colorimetry of vehicle lights, both standards designate a range of orange-yellow hues in the CIE color space as amber. In the past, the ECE amber definition was more restrictive than the SAE definition, the SAE formally uses the term yellow amber, though the color is most often referred to as yellow. This is not the same as selective yellow, a used in some fog lamps and headlamps. The color box shown above is an approximation, created by taking the centroid of the standard definition and moving it towards the D65 white point. Computers VT220 computer terminals were available with amber phosphors on their CRTs, interior design The original Amber Room in the Catherine Palace of Tsarskoye Selo near Saint Petersburg was a complete chamber decoration of amber panels backed with gold leaf and mirrors. Due to its beauty, it was sometimes dubbed the Eighth Wonder of the World. Sports In Gaelic games Armagh play in a darker Amber color, Offaly play in the colors of the Irish flag and Kilkenny also play in black and amber. Amber is a worn by English Football Clubs Hull City AFC, Bradford City AFC, Barnet FC, Shrewsbury Town FC, Mansfield Town, Cambridge United FC. The color is worn by the Scottish football club Motherwell FC. Traffic engineering Amber is used in traffic lights and turn signals, business management Amber is used in business management to indicate a status of work, as in RAG status. R stands for Red, A stands for Amber, usually represented as the color Yellow in the reports, spectral color List of colors UNECE Regulation No. 6, Uniform Provisions Concerning the Approval of Direction Indicators for Motor Vehicles,48, Uniform Provisions Concerning the Approval of Vehicles with Regard to the Installation of Lighting and Light-Signalling Devices
35.
Shades of green
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Varieties of the color green may differ in hue, chroma or lightness, or in two or three of these qualities. Variations in value are also called tints and shades, a tint being a green or other hue mixed with white, a large selection of these various colors is shown below. Green is common in nature, especially in plants, many plants are green mainly because of a complex chemical known as chlorophyll which is involved in photosynthesis. Many shades of green have been named after plants or are related to plants, due to varying ratios of chlorophylls, the plant kingdom exhibits many shades of green in both hue and value. Artichoke is a color that is a representation of the color of a raw fresh uncooked artichoke, another name for this color is artichoke green. The first recorded use of green as a color name in English was in 1905. This is the color called green in Pantone. The source is Pantone 18-0125 TPX Asparagus is a tone of green that is named after the vegetable, Crayola created this color in 1993 as one of the 16 to be named in the Name the Color Contest. It is also the color of a wild asparagus plant blowing in the wind of the 1949 classic film Sands of Iwo Jima, another name for this color is asparagus green. The first recorded use of green as a color name in English was in 1805. Avocado is a color that is a representation of the color of the surface of an avocado. The color avocado is a dark yellow-green color, avocado was a common color for metal surfaces, as well as the color harvest gold, during the whole decade of the 1970s. They were both also popular colors for shag carpets, both colors went out of style by the early 1980s. Dark green is a shade of green. A different shade of green has been designated as green for certain computer uses. Fern green is a color that resembles ferns, a Crayola crayon named fern was created in 1998, which is a lighter shade of the top color shown on the right. The first recorded use of green as a color name in English was in 1902. Forest green refers to a green color said to resemble the color of the trees, the first recorded use of forest green as the name of a color in the English language was in 1810
36.
Orange (colour)
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Orange is the colour of carrots, pumpkins and apricots. It is between red and yellow in the spectrum of light, and on the traditional painters colour wheel and it is named after the fruit of the same name. In Asia it is an important symbolic colour of Buddhism and Hinduism, the colour orange is named after the appearance of the ripe orange fruit. The word comes from the Old French orange, from the old term for the fruit, the French word, in turn, comes from the Italian arancia, based on Arabic nāranj, derived from the Sanskrit naranga. The first recorded use of orange as a name in English was in 1512. Prior to this word being introduced to the English-speaking world, saffron already existed in the English language, crog also referred to the saffron colour, so that orange was also referred to as ġeolurēad for reddish orange, or ġeolucrog for yellowish orange. Alternatively, orange things were sometimes described as red such as red deer, red hair, in ancient Egypt artists used an orange mineral pigment called realgar for tomb paintings, as well as other uses. It was also used later by Medieval artists for the colouring of manuscripts, pigments were also made in ancient times from a mineral known as orpiment. Orpiment was an important item of trade in the Roman Empire and was used as a medicine in China although it contains arsenic and is highly toxic and it was also used as a fly poison and to poison arrows. Because of its colour, it was also a favourite with alchemists searching for a way to make gold. Before the late 15th century, the colour orange existed in Europe, portuguese merchants brought the first orange trees to Europe from Asia in the late 15th and early 16th century, along with the Sanskrit naranga, which gradually became orange in English. The House of Orange-Nassau was one of the most influential houses in Europe in the 16th and 17th centuries. It originated in 1163 the tiny Principality of Orange, a state of 108 square miles north of Avignon in southern France. The family of the Prince of Orange eventually adopted the name, the colour came to be associated with Protestantism, due to participation by the House of Orange on the Protestant side in the French Wars of Religion. One member of the house, William I of Orange, organised the Dutch resistance against Spain, another member, William III of Orange, became King of England in 1689, after the downfall of the Catholic James II. Due to William III, orange became an important political colour in Britain, William was a Protestant, and as such he defended the Protestant minority of Ireland against the majority Roman Catholic population. As a result, the Protestants of Ireland were known as Orangemen, Orange eventually became one of the colours of the Irish flag, symbolising the Protestant heritage. When the Dutch settlers of South Africa rebelled against the British in the late 19th century, in the United States, the flag of the City of New York has an orange stripe, to remember the Dutch colonists who founded the city
37.
Avid Audio
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Avid Audio is a North American digital audio technology company. It was founded in 1984 by Peter Gotcher and Evan Brooks, the company began as a project to raise money for the founders band, selling EPROM chips for drum machines. It is a subsidiary of Avid Technology, and during 2010 the Digidesign brand was phased out, Avid Audio products will continue to be produced and will now carry the Avid brand name. Digidesigns flagship software product was Pro Tools, which came in three variants, Pro Tools|HD, Pro Tools LE, and Pro Tools M-Powered, Pro Tools|HD required a Digidesign TDM system and interface, and was intended for professional recording studios. Pro Tools LE was a package intended for home users. The package included the Pro Tools LE software and hardware such as the M-Box 2 or Digi 003, Pro Tools M-Powered was simply the Pro Tools application adapted to run on M-Audio hardware, and generally comparable in power to an LE system. Digidesign also made a number of products for the Pro Tools platform and they also manufacture a wide variety of hardware add-ons for Pro Tools, such as audio interfaces, MIDI interfaces, Synchronizers, and control surfaces. In the spring of 2005 they introduced a system for sound mixing called VENUE. 1984 - Founded as Digidrums by Peter Gotcher and Evan Brooks,1989 - Digidesign launches the first digital audio workstation system, Sound Tools, for the Apple Macintosh. The company refers to it as the first tapeless recording studio,1991 - Digidesign releases the first Pro Tools multitrack system, marking a significant advance in digital audio. This integrated software and hardware system is among the most popular for audio production for television, music,1995 - Avid Technology NASDAQ, AVID acquires Digidesign. Digidesign now operates as a unit of Avid. 2001 - Digidesign wins a Grammy award for Pro Tools,2003 - Avid acquires Bomb Factorys extensive product catalog. These products are now included with Pro Tools systems,2003 - Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences recognizes Digidesigns contribution to audio post production for film with an Oscar. 2004 - Avid acquires M-Audio, which now operates as a unit of Digidesign. 2005 - Avid acquires Wizoo, which now operates as Digidesign Advanced Instrument Research Group,2006 - Avid acquires Sibelius, the music software, in a deal worth over US$23 million. 2010 - the Digidesign brand name is phased out, with Digidesign products now falling under the Avid product banner,2011 – Digidesign becomes Avid Audio Digidesign Software was developed by UC Berkeley graduate Peter Gotcher and his friend Evan Brooks, both majors in electrical engineering and computer science. The first incarnation of todays Pro Tools started life in 1984 as Sound Designer, Sound Designer was originally designed to edit sounds for sampling synthesizer like the Prophet 2000, Ensoniq Mirage, Akai s900 and the E-MU Emulator sampling keyboard
38.
Venue (sound system)
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VENUE is a brand of live sound digital mixing consoles introduced by Digidesign in February 2005. The family now includes three different consoles and a number of ways they can be configured and they can all be connected to Pro Tools, the audio editing software also created by Avid/Digidesign, to provide recording and Virtual Soundcheck facilities. One of the key marketing points is its use of the same TDM plugins as Pro Tools. There is also a PC-based offline editor for creation and editing of show files, Digidesign was acquired by Avid Technology in 1995, but its products continued to be branded Digidesign until the brand was phased out in 2010, and VENUE systems are now branded Avid. This was the first and largest control surface in the VENUE range, the main unit, which includes a trackball, master controls, faders and meters, can be expanded with up to three sidecars to give a maximum of 56 faders. One sidecar was included in the standard package, the console can either be connected to the Mix Rack, which contains all FOH I/O, DSP and stage I/O in one rack, or to the combination of an FOH rack and a Stage Rack. The FOH rack contains the DSP and an amount of inputs and outputs. They are linked using a digital cable, with an option to use a redundant cable in parallel. There can be a maximum of two Stage Racks linked to one FOH rack and this smaller console contains all of the features of the larger console in a smaller form factor, and quickly became the industrys standard touring and festival console for many years. Though it has fewer input faders, it can run the same show. Avid sold its last Profile and Mix Rack consoles in the Summer of 2016, Profile itself is just a control surface that must be used with either local and remote stage racks, or with one MixRack that combines processing and inputs/outputs. MixRack is essentially a SC48 without control surface, the SC48 is all-in-one box VENUE system, where all processing, inputs and outputs is built into console. This feature allows it to drop into existing wiring systems where an analogue console had been used, outwardly it appears quite similar to a smaller version of the Profile, and was introduced as the starter console in the range. As with its predecessors, the SC48s master output section can be configured as Left–Center–Right or Left–Right plus Mono. VENUE | S3L-X was introduced in 2013 and features the smallest footprint of any VENUE console, with 16 faders and 32 knobs. The modular system was Avids first live console to be built on an Ethernet AVB architecture that connects the S3 control surface, up to four Stage 16 I/O racks, and the E3 Engine over Cat5e cables. The system can support up to 64 inputs and was the first VENUE system to enable the sharing of I/O between systems over the Ethernet AVB network. Avid released its new flagship VENUE | S6L live sound system in 2015, S6L also offers much greater processing power, supporting over 300 processing channels and up to 200 plug-in slots
39.
Public address system
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Simple PA systems are often used in small venues such as school auditoriums, churches, and small bars. Intercom systems, installed in buildings, have both speakers throughout a building, and microphones in many rooms allowing the occupants to respond to announcements. Sound reinforcement systems and PA systems may use some similar components, Sound reinforcement systems are for live music or performance, whereas PA systems are primarily for reproduction of speech. A short time later the Automatic Enunciator Company was established in Chicago in order to market the new device, in August 1912 a large outdoor installation was made at a water carnival held in Chicago by the Associated Yacht and Power Boat Clubs of America. Seventy-two loudspeakers were strung in pairs at intervals along the docks. The system was used to announce race reports and descriptions, carry a series of speeches about The Chicago Plan, and provide music between races. Four years later, in 1915, they built a dynamic loudspeaker with a 1-inch voice coil, a 3-inch corrugated diaphragm, the electromagnet created a flux field of approximately 11,000 G. Their first experiment used a carbon microphone, when the 12 V battery was connected to the system, they experienced one of the first examples of acoustic feedback. They then placed the loudspeaker on the roof, and claims say that the amplified human voice could be heard 1 mile away. Jensen and Pridham refined the system and connected a phonograph to the loudspeaker to be able to broadcast recorded music and this demonstration was official presentation of the working system, and approximately 100,000 people gathered to hear Christmas music and speeches with absolute distinctness. The first outside broadcast was one week later, again supervised by Jensen. Jensen oversaw the governor using the microphone while Pridham operated the loudspeaker, the following year, Jensen and Pridham applied for a patent for what they called their Sound Magnifying Phonograph. Over the next two years developed their first valve amplifier. In 1919 this was standardized as a 3-stage 25 watt amplifier, wilsons speech was part of his nationwide tour to promote the establishment of the League of Nations. It was held on September 9,1919 at City Stadium, as with the San Francisco installation, Jensen supervised the microphone and Pridham the loudspeakers. Wilson spoke into two large horns mounted on his platform which channelled his voice into the microphone, similar systems were used in the following years by Warren G. Harding and Franklin D. Roosevelt. By the early 1920s, Marconi had established a department dedicated to public address, in 1925, George V used such a system at the British Empire Exhibition, addressing 90,000 via six long-range loudspeakers. This public use of loudspeakers brought attention to the possibilities of such technology, the 1925 Royal Air Force Pageant at Hendon Aerodrome used a Marconi system to allow the announcer to address the crowds, as well as amplify the band
40.
Subwoofer
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A subwoofer is a woofer, or a complete loudspeaker, which is dedicated to the reproduction of low-pitched audio frequencies known as bass. The typical frequency range for a subwoofer is about 20–200 Hz for consumer products, below 100 Hz for professional live sound, subwoofers are intended to augment the low frequency range of loudspeakers covering higher frequency bands. While the term subwoofer technically only refers to the driver, in common parlance. Subwoofers are made up of one or more woofers mounted in a loudspeaker enclosure—often made of wood—capable of withstanding air pressure while resisting deformation, passive subwoofers have a subwoofer driver and enclosure and they are powered by an external amplifier. Active subwoofers include a built-in amplifier, the first subwoofers were developed in the 1960s to add bass response to home stereo systems. Subwoofers came into popular consciousness in the 1970s with the introduction of Sensurround in movies such as Earthquake. During the 1990s, subwoofers also became popular in home stereo systems, custom car audio installations. By the 2000s, subwoofers became almost universal in sound reinforcement systems in nightclubs, Dones loudspeaker was marketed in the US under the trade name The Octavium from the early 1960s to the mid-1970s. The Octavium was utilized by recording artists of that era, most notably the Grateful Dead, bassist Monk Montgomery, bassist Nathan East. The Octavium speaker and Dones subwoofer technology was utilized, in a few select theaters. During the late 1960s Dones’ Octavium was favorably reviewed by publications including Hi-Fi News. Another early subwoofer enclosure made for home and studio use was the bass speaker for the Servo Statik 1 by New Technology Enterprises. In 1968, the two found outside investors and reorganized as Infinity, the subwoofer was reviewed positively in Stereophile magazines Winter 1968 issue as the SS-1 by Infinity. The SS-1 was reviewed very highly in 1970 by High Fidelity magazine, another of the early subwoofers was developed during the late 1960s by Ken Kreisel, the former president of the Miller & Kreisel Sound Corporation in Los Angeles. Infinitys full range electrostatic speaker system that was developed during the 1960s also used a woofer to cover the frequency range that its electrostatic arrays did not handle adequately. Subwoofers received a deal of publicity in 1974 with the movie Earthquake which was released in Sensurround. Four of the subwoofers were positioned in front of the audience under the film screen, powerful noise energy and loud rumbling in the range of 17 Hz to 120 Hz was generated at the level of 110–120 decibels of sound pressure level, abbreviated dB. The new low frequency entertainment method helped the film become a box office success, more Sensurround systems were assembled and installed
41.
Meyer Sound Laboratories
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The company’s emphasis on research and measurement has resulted in the issuance of dozens of patents, including for the now-standard trapezoidal loudspeaker cabinet shape. Some of this research has resulted in products such as their parabolic sound beam. Other projects, such as the spherical loudspeaker research underway by Meyer Sound, Meyer Sounds Constellation acoustic system is used to manage outdoor sound at the New World Center in Miami, Florida, which is the headquarters for the New World Symphony. In 1979, John and Helen Meyer established Meyer Sound to produce reliable high-fidelity products for sound reinforcement professionals. Prior to the founding of Meyer Sound, the Meyers started a relatively short-lived company named Glyph, however, bands were unable to bring the gigantic speakers with them when they traveled. Prior to this, John Meyer developed a system named Glyph. During this time period, Meyer was also involved in developing and constructing custom mixing consoles and this was the first loudspeaker to use a dedicated processing unit to provide crossover, amplitude and phase correction, along with driver protection. Also in 1979, the developed the UM-1 UltraMonitor, which led to a long association with the band Grateful Dead. The UltraMonitor was the first product to employ a new, patented horn loudspeaker design that reduced distortion by a factor of ten compared to previous designs and this patent was the first of more than three dozen issued to the company since its founding. John Meyer was also involved in the development of the Grateful Deads Wall of Sound, in 1980, at the behest of Broadway sound designer Abe Jacob, Meyer Sound repackaged the technology of the UltraMonitor into the UPA-1. This loudspeaker had an impact on theatrical sound, but was also notable for its introduction of the trapezoidal cabinet shape. A patent was issued for this innovation, the UPA-1 was an inaugural inductee into the TECnology Hall of Fame. Meyer Sound pioneered high-level loudspeaker arrays with the release of the huge MSL-10 in 1981, followed by the MSL-3, expanding on the appearance of real-time, dual FFT analyzers, Meyer Sound introduced source independent measurement in 1984. SIM allowed sound system operators to use music itself as a test source for the first time, SIM System II, the second generation of this technology, won an R&D100 Award in 1992, in addition to the TEC award the original system received in 1986. Meyer Sound broke new ground when it introduced the HD-1 studio monitor, the HD-1 won at the TEC Awards in 1990 in the Transducer Technology category. Meyer Sound Laboratories has participated and been featured in episodes of the Discovery Channel series “MythBusters” involving sound. As a result, Meyer Sound acoustician Roger Schwenke has become a member of the MythBusters team. The first MythBusters episode involving the company was “busting” the myth that a ducks quack will not echo, the second time was the infamous “Brown Note” episode, which explored the myth that a person subjected to high levels of very low-frequency sound could experience “involuntary intestinal motility
42.
Live sound mixing
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Live sound mixing is the process of electrically or digitally blending together multiple sound sources at a live event by an audio engineer using a mixing console. Sounds that are mixed include those from instruments and voices which are picked up by microphones and pre-recorded material, individual sources are typically equalised to adjust the bass and treble response and routed to effect processors to ultimately be amplified and reproduced via a loudspeaker system. The live sound engineer balances the various sources in a way that best suits the needs of the event. Audio equipment is connected together in a sequence known as the signal chain. In live sound situations, this consists of input transducers like microphones, pickups and these devices are connected, often via multicore cable, to individual channels of a mixing console that allows these inputs to be modified in various ways before they are electrically summed. Audio signal processing may be applied to individual inputs, groups of inputs, or the output mix. The front of house engineer focuses on mixing audio for the audience, the output signals from the FOH console connects to a Sound reinforcement system. Other non-audio crew members, such as the console operator, might also work from the FOH position. The foldback or monitor engineer focuses on mixing the sound that the performers hear on stage via a monitor system. The monitor engineers role is important where the instruments and voices on the area is amplified. Usually, individual performers receive personalised feeds either via monitors placed on the floor in front of them or via in-ear monitors. The monitor engineers console is placed in the wings just off-stage. For small events, often a sound check is conducted a few hours before the show, once all the instruments are set up, the engineer asks each instrumentalist to perform alone, so that the levels and equalization for the instruments can be adjusted. Since a drum kit contains a number of drums, cymbals and percussion instruments, once the sound of each individual instrument is set, the engineer asks the band to play a song from their repertoire, so that the levels of one instrument versus another can be adjusted. Mics are set up for the lead vocalist and backup vocalist, the final part of the sound check is to have the rhythm section and all the vocalists perform a song from their repertoire. During this song, the engineer can adjust the balance of the different instruments and vocalists and this allows the sound of the instruments and vocals to be fine-tuned prior to the audience hearing the first song. In the 2010s, many bands and major venues use digital mixing consoles that have automated controls. The settings of previous shows can be saved and recalled in the console, automated mixing consoles are a great time saver for concerts where a main band is preceded by several support acts
43.
Yamaha Pro Audio
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Yamaha Pro Audio, Inc. is a company which is part of the Yamaha Corporation group. It offers a line of professional audio products for the live sound and sound reinforcement markets. Yamaha products have received the most nominations in the area of achievement in the TEC Foundation TEC Awards 20-year history. The first PM mixer manufactured by Yamaha was the PM200, introduced in 1972, it was a monaural mixer with unbalanced inputs and outputs The PM400 was an upgraded mixer with a stereo bus and balanced inputs and outputs. The Yamaha PM1000 mixing console was a significant product in the audio industry because of its many advanced features. Introduced in 1974 it incorporated many features such as a modular design using channel strips and output strips, a 4 bus design. Because it was manufactured by a company it was readily accepted in many audio industries including sound reinforcement, recording. It also established a reputation for being rugged in the abusive environment of touring sound reinforcement. The PM2000 featured a hard chassis construction for rigidity and durability on the road, one of the tests we are still using is our flight case test. During prototyping we order a custom flight case - not even a very sturdy one -, the flight case is stood on end, and then tipped over in both directions and allowed to fall to the floor. If the console powers up immediately and works flawless after that ordeal, the PM3000 was the first mixer to use voltage-controlled amplifiers in a mixer designed specifically for sound reinforcement. It used a custom VCA design using discrete hybrid ICs The PM4000 introduced stereo auxiliary buses, the PM5000 was a hybrid analog mixer with a digital control system which provided scene recall. In 2007, Yamaha won a Technical Grammy for its NS-10 studio monitor, the speaker was inducted into the Mix magazine TECnology Hall of Fame in 1977. List of phonograph manufacturers Yamaha Pro Audio
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Ultimate Ears
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Ultimate Ears is an American custom in-ear monitor, speaker, and earphone manufacturer based in Irvine and Newark, California, United States. The custom in-ear monitor company was founded by Mindy and Jerry Harvey in 1995, in August 2008, Ultimate Ears was acquired by Logitech, and operates as a subsidiary. In 1995, Jerry Harvey was Van Halens touring monitor engineer, drummer Alex Van Halen had great difficulty hearing the other band members over all the noise of the stage, louder monitors did not help. The high frequency driver was a stock Japanese component but a low frequency driver was difficult to find. The only driver which survived strong kick drum signals was a Knowles-made pacemaker part, other Van Halen band members became interested and Harvey crafted further sets. The musicians touring with Van Halen—Skid Row—wanted some in-ear monitors and Harvey sold them six pairs for $3,000, pop singer Engelbert Humperdinck wanted a set and at that point Harvey determined to start a company to supply the demand. Harvey and his wife Mindy decided to divorce at the time as they joined as business partners in Las Vegas, Nevada. Mindy Harvey later said, Ultimate Ears is the child we never had. and in the big picture, the company was run from Mindys home, offering not just custom-molded earpieces but the associated radio transmitters and receivers intended for use onstage by performing musicians. Jerry Harvey promoted the systems and also helped Shure produce their E1 and E5 IEMs, helping Shure make this product also helped the new company Ultimate Ears gain respectability. Ultimate Ears first became profitable in 1998 with the introduction of the UE-5 model. Customers included The Rolling Stones, Faith Hill, Enrique Iglesias, relations between Westone and Ultimate Ears soured. Harvey did not have any patents, so it was difficult for him to separate his design, marketing, at the beginning of 2002, Ultimate Ears opened their own lab, hiring Chomphorn Noy Soudaly, an audiologist and hearing aid technician, to run the lab. In April 2002, Ultimate Ears produced a model without Westones help. The Harveys were able to retain nine out of ten customers, in 2003, Ultimate Ears had five employees and held about 80% of the professional IEM market. Harvey went out on tour with Linkin Park to get back in contact with touring musicians and while on tour he noticed the popularity of iPods and he returned with the idea that Ultimate Ears should offer a consumer model for audiophile listeners. The resulting UE-5c appeared in January 2004 sold for $550, high sales of these doubled the companys income. Pursuing this direction further required outside investment, and the Harveys contacted Bob Allison, owner and CEO of Innovate Partners, Allison became the CEO of Ultimate Ears as the company moved to Irvine, with Mindy Harvey the president and Jerry Harvey the CTO. Innovate Partners helped Ultimate Ears develop a source in China to provide the expected volume of sales
45.
Psychosocial (song)
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Psychosocial is a song by American metal band Slipknot. It was released as the single and fourth track from their fourth studio album. The song entered airplay on June 26,2008 and was planned for release as a digital single on July 1 but was delayed and released on July 8. Slipknot performed Psychosocial live for the first time on July 9,2008, at the White River Amphitheatre in Auburn, in 2008 the track was featured on the soundtrack to Marvels Punisher, War Zone. The song was nominated for Best Metal Performance for the 51st Grammy Awards, but lost to Metallicas My Apocalypse. Psychosocial, along two other Slipknot songs, Duality and Sulfur, was released as downloadable content for Rock Band. It is also featured as a track in Guitar Hero. Percussionist Shawn Crahan told The Pulse of Radio what he could regarding Psychosocial, saying, One thing I can feel is like that song has got a lot of and its got a real good tempo. Its really fun and its different, I think most of the stuff that we have is different. They went on to explain, That track is capped off with a time-signature shattering guitar/drum breakdown that will leave the best air-instrumentalists stumped, the music video for Psychosocial was shot at Sound Farm studios in Jamaica, Iowa on June 30,2008. The shoot was delayed due to a head injury sustained by turntablist Sid Wilson before the shoot. On July 18,2008 the video premiered on MTVs FNMTV show, the video, which was directed by Paul Brown, was shot using high-end cameras which shoot 1,000 frames per second and are contrasted with traditional 35 mm hand crank camera equipment. Percussionist Shawn Crahan explains, we have the most extreme on both ends, with nothing in the middle, thats what the video is, and nobody does that. Theres an art form behind it, there are two versions of the video. One uses the version of the song, whilst the other uses a much shorter version of the song, excluding the Limits of the Dead. The video was nominated to Best Rock Video at the VMAs 2008, on YouTube the video of the song had gained over 22 million views, before it was removed in December due to a dispute between Roadrunner Records distributor, Warner Music Group, and YouTube. The song was included in the video game Guitar Hero. The song was featured for available of the soundtrack The Punisher, corey Taylor, has commented in an interview that he finds the mashup amusing, even calling it genius, but also comments that a lot of Slipknot fans are showing hatred towards the mashup
46.
Duality (song)
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Duality is a song by American metal band Slipknot, the song was released as the first single from their third studio album Vol.3, released in 2004. The music video was listed as Roadrunner Records greatest video of all-time, the album version of Duality is four minutes and twelve seconds long, and the radio edited version is three minutes and thirty-three seconds long. The song opens with lead vocalist Corey Taylor softly saying I push my fingers into my, leading up to lead guitarist Mick Thomson playing a riff accompanied by Craig Jones keyboards while Taylor finishes the sentence with. eyes, in a much more intense voice. The song is played in Drop B tuning and features a nu metal style, unlike many previous Slipknot singles, Duality, like all the songs on Vol.3, does not have explicit content within the lyrics. Thomson explained in an 2008 interview that vocalist Taylor was relying on explicit content in the lyrics and this was echoed by Jim Root in a 2011 interview. AllMusic said that Dualitys lyrics arent unique to Slipknot but described it as otherwise strong, stylus Magazine said Duality had a grindcore riff. Q wrote that the blow the competition away. The BBC declared it a pop-metal classic, Duality was originally released as a CD single on May 4,2004. On May 25,2004, the single was released on 7-inch red vinyl to coincide with the release of the album, there is also a 7-inch picture disc release which includes the same track listing. Duality reached band records of five and six in the Hot Mainstream Rock Tracks. In the UK Singles Chart, the reached number 15. The song also charted on the Bubbling Under Hot 100 chart at number 6, to promote the single, the band also made an appearance on The Tonight Show with Jay Leno. Jack Osbourne ranked the song number 2 on his list of 101 Adrenaline Rock Songs, in the 2004 Metal Edge Readers Choice Awards, the song was voted Song of the Year and Music Video of the Year. The music video, directed by Tony Petrossian, was produced at a cost between $300,000 and $500,000 and was recorded on March 27,2004, Roadrunner Records provided the family with roughly $50,000 as compensation. The video is available on the CD single and the DVD, Voliminal, Inside the Nine, which was released in 2006. Mid-way through shooting the video, the band and fans were asked to avoid jumping around too much, fans were also told to be careful around Craig Jones as the nails in his mask may hit them. The video starts with a crowd of fans running towards the camera which is clearly behind a window. As the song switches in intensity the video cuts to shots inside the house of the band performing in very close quarters with the fans, the video constantly switches between clips of the band performing and fans destroying the house and the surrounding environment
