Alodia
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Alodia, also known as Alwa, was a medieval kingdom in what is now central Sudan. Its capital was the city of Soba, located near modern-day Khartoum at the confluence of the Blue and White Nile rivers.
Soba during the excavations in late 2019
Kushite bronze figurine, 1st century BC. The Meroitic inscription on its underside identifies the captive individual as a Nubian king.
The remains of the fortress of Umm Marrahi near Omdurman, dating to the 6th century
Cross graffito from Musawwarat es-Sufra
Funj Sultanate
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The Funj Sultanate, also known as Funjistan, Sultanate of Sennar or Blue Sultanate was an Islamic kingdom in what is now Sudan, northwestern Eritrea and western Ethiopia. Succeeding the medieval Nubia
Alodia
…have been ravaged by the plague, while Arab tribes began to migrate into the Upper Nile valley. By around 1500 Soba had fallen to either Arabs or the Funj. This likely marked the end of Alodia, although some Sudanese oral traditions claimed that it survived in the form of the Kingdom of Fazughli within…
Contemporary albeit romanticizing depiction of Sultan Badi III receiving Theodor Krump.
A Funj king of Sennar and his ministers as represented in a book by Félix Mengin, 1823
Sennar in 1821
At the time of the Egyptian invasion in 1821 the palace of Sennar was already in ruins.