1.
West Hollywood
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West Hollywood, occasionally referred to locally as WeHo, is a city in Los Angeles County, California, United States. Incorporated in 1984, it is home to the Sunset Strip, as of the 2010 census, its population was 34,399. It is considered one of the most prominent gay villages in the United States, the citys irregular boundary is featured in its logo, it was largely formed from the unincorporated Los Angeles County area that had not become part of the surrounding cities. West Hollywood benefits from a dense, compact urban form with small lots, mixed land use. According to Walkscore, a website that ranks cities based on walkability, commercial corridors include the nightlife and dining focused on the Sunset Strip, along Santa Monica Boulevard, and the Avenues of Art & Design along Robertson, Melrose, and Beverly Boulevard. Major intersecting streets typically provide amenities within walking distance of adjacent neighborhoods, West Hollywood has a Subtropical-semi-arid climate with year-round warm weather. The record high temperature of 111 °F was recorded September 26,1963, snow is rare in West Hollywood, with the last accumulation occurring in 1949. Rainfall is sparse, and falls mainly during winter months, around 5,000 of the indigenous inhabitants from the Tongva Indian tribe canoed out to greet Juan Cabrillo. The Tongva tribe was a nation of hunter-gatherers known for their reverence of dance, by 1771, these native people had been severely ravaged by diseases brought in by the Europeans from across wide oceans. The Spanish mission system changed the name to Gabrielinos, in reference to the Mission de San Gabriel. The Gabrielinos are believed to have burned the pitch for fuel, by 1780, what became the Sunset Strip was the major connecting road for El Pueblo de Los Angeles, and all ranches westward to the Pacific Ocean. This land passed through the hands of owners during the next one hundred years. Most of this area was part of the Rancho La Brea, Sherman became the location of the railroads main shops, railroad yards, and car barns. Many working-class employees of the railroad settled in this town and it was during this time that the city began to earn its reputation as a loosely regulated, liquor-friendly place for eccentric people wary of government interference. Despite several annexation attempts, the town elected not to part of the City of Los Angeles. For many years, the area that is now the city of West Hollywood was an area in the midst of Los Angeles. Because gambling was illegal in the city of Los Angeles, but still legal in Los Angeles County and these businesses were immune from the sometimes heavy-handed law-enforcement of the L. A. Some people connected with movie-making were attracted to this area of the County
2.
Torrance, California
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Torrance is a city in the South Bay region of Los Angeles County, California, United States. Torrance has 1.5 miles of beaches on the Pacific Ocean, Torrance has a moderate year-round climate with warm temperatures, sea breezes, low humidity and an average rainfall of 12.55 inches per year. Since its incorporation in 1921, Torrance has grown rapidly and its estimated 2013 population was 147,478. This residential and light high-tech industries city has 90,000 street trees and 30 city parks, known for its low crime rates, the city consistently ranks among the safest cities in Los Angeles County. Torrance is the birthplace of the American Youth Soccer Organization, in addition, the city of Torrance has the second-highest percentage of Japanese demographic in California. Torrance was originally part of the Tongva Native American homeland for thousands of years and it was later divided in 1846 with Governor Pío Pico granting Rancho de los Palos Verdes to José Loreto and Juan Capistrano Sepulveda, in the Alta California territory of independent Mexico. In the early 1900s, real estate developer Jared Sidney Torrance and they purchased part of an old Spanish land grant and hired landscape architect Frederick Law Olmsted, Jr. to design a new planned community. The resulting town was founded in October 1912 and named after Mr. Torrance, the first residential avenue created in Torrance was Gramercy and the second avenue was Andreo. Many of the houses on these avenues turned 100 years of age in 2012, both avenues are located in the area referred to as Old Town Torrance. This section of Torrance is under review to be classified as a historical district, historically the El Nido neighborhood was home to many European immigrants, such as originally Dutch, German, Greek, Italian and Portuguese people. Rapid new growth in Torrance began after World War II as wartime industries transformed into Post-war Aerospace manufacturers, large housing developments were built in the 1950s and 1960s to accommodate the new population. Torrance moved on after the closure of some development and oil refinery plants in the 1990s statewide recession. Torrance survived the deindustrialization, regional economic slowdowns and national recessions in the 1970s to 2000s, large-scale Asian immigration in the past couple of decades has transformed Torrance into a diverse and multicultural city. Torrance is a community in southwestern Los Angeles County sharing the climate. It is about 20 miles southwest of Downtown Los Angeles, Torrance Beach lies between Redondo Beach and Malaga Cove on Santa Monica Bay. The southernmost stretch of Torrance Beach, on a cove at the end of the Palos Verdes peninsula, is known to locals as Rat Beach. A Nature center provides activities, information, and classes for school children, Torrance has a Mediterranean climate or Dry-Summer Subtropical. The rainy season is November through March, as shown in the adjacent table, the Los Angeles area is also subject to the phenomenon typical of a microclimate
3.
Pop music
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Pop music is a genre of popular music that originated in its modern form in the United States and United Kingdom during the mid 1950s. The terms popular music and pop music are used interchangeably, although the former describes all music that is popular. Pop and rock were synonymous terms until the late 1960s, when they were used in opposition from each other. Although pop music is seen as just the singles charts, it is not the sum of all chart music. Pop music is eclectic, and often borrows elements from other such as urban, dance, rock, Latin. Identifying factors include generally short to medium-length songs written in a format, as well as the common use of repeated choruses, melodic tunes. David Hatch and Stephen Millward define pop music as a body of music which is distinguishable from popular, jazz, according to Pete Seeger, pop music is professional music which draws upon both folk music and fine arts music. Although pop music is seen as just the singles charts, it is not the sum of all chart music, the music charts contain songs from a variety of sources, including classical, jazz, rock, and novelty songs. Pop music, as a genre, is seen as existing and developing separately, pop music continuously evolves along with the terms definition. The term pop song was first recorded as being used in 1926, Hatch and Millward indicate that many events in the history of recording in the 1920s can be seen as the birth of the modern pop music industry, including in country, blues and hillbilly music. The Oxford Dictionary of Music states that while pops earlier meaning meant concerts appealing to a wide audience. Since the late 1950s, however, pop has had the meaning of non-classical mus, usually in the form of songs, performed by such artists as the Beatles. Grove Music Online also states that, in the early 1960s pop music competed terminologically with beat music, while in the USA its coverage overlapped with that of rock and roll. From about 1967, the term was used in opposition to the term rock music. Whereas rock aspired to authenticity and an expansion of the possibilities of music, pop was more commercial, ephemeral. It is not driven by any significant ambition except profit and commercial reward, and, in musical terms, it is essentially conservative. It is, provided from on high rather than being made from below, pop is not a do-it-yourself music but is professionally produced and packaged. The beat and the melodies tend to be simple, with limited harmonic accompaniment, the lyrics of modern pop songs typically focus on simple themes – often love and romantic relationships – although there are notable exceptions
4.
Hollywood Records
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Hollywood Records, Inc. is an American record label of the Disney Music Group. The label focuses in pop, rock, alternative, hip hop, the label also releases Marvel Studioss soundtrack and compilation albums in conjunction with Marvel Music. At the time, the company was limited to the release of soundtracks from Touchstone, lawyer Peter Paterno was the first president of the label, until his resignation in 1993 because of the divisions lackluster sales. In 1997, Disney acquired Mammoth Records, in order to get a record label that could succeed. However, the acquisition of Mammoth was a failure and the label was closed and integrated to Hollywood in 2003. In 1998, the decided to form Buena Vista Music Group, integrating the operations of Walt Disney Records along with Hollywood, Lyric Street, Mammoth. Bob Cavallo, former manager of Earth, Wind & Fire and Prince was appointed as chairman of the group and this movement looked to organize the music operations of the company under a more integrated direction. The launch of Duffs career represents a new model for the record, utilising the synergies around the company, including important outlets like Disney Channel, Radio Disney. Duffs albums released under Hollywood proved to be successful including 2004s Hilary Duff. Their musical careers proved that the label had become a success, the label also continued to release soundtracks from films and TV shows, mainly those derived from Marvel Studios productions. In 2010, Hollywood absorbed the operations of country music label Lyric Street Records. In 2011, Queen left EMI for Universal-owned Island Records, with Hollywood continuing to remain the groups North American music distributor. In January 2012, after 14 years of a successful tenure, Bob Cavallo retired as chairman of the Group, since 2013, Hollywood Records also uses the brand name DMG Nashville to specialize in country music. The genre label was founded to provide music licensing for Bigger Picture Music Group, after Bigger Pictures closure in 2014, DMG Nashville released its first studio album, Lucy Hales Road Between. Hollywood Basic was Hollywood’s short-lived hip-hop subsidiary, run by Dave Funkenklein and it also released Shadows Legitimate Mix on the B-side of a single by the group Zimbabwe Legit in 1992. Although the BASIC Beats Sampler confirmed its release date for April 1992, other notable releases came from Organized Konfusion, its challenging second album, Stress, The Extinction Agenda, was widely acclaimed. The label was home of Charizma and Peanut Butter Wolf, although, following the shooting death of Charizma in 1993. This would later inspire Peanut Butter Wolf to found Stones Throw Records in order to make this music available, acts on Hollywood BASICs roster included Charizma and Peanut Butter Wolf, Lifers Group, Organized Konfusion, Raw Fusion, Hi-C, and Zimbabwe Legit
5.
Aly Michalka
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Alyson Renae Aly Michalka is an American actress and recording artist. Michalka and her sister, actress Amanda AJ Michalka, are members of the musical duo Aly & AJ, Michalka was born in Torrance, California. She grew up in Seattle, Washington and Southern California, with her younger sister and her father, Mark, owns a contracting company, and her mother, Carrie, is a musician and performed with the Christian JC Band. In 2004, Michalka was cast in the role of Keely Teslow on the Disney Channels Phil of the Future, the series premiered on June 18,2004. In August 2006, Disney Channel ended the series two seasons. She has also starred in the Disney Channel original movie Now You See It. and appeared in the TV movie Cow Belles opposite her sister, Michalka and her sister starred in several projects produced by the Disney Channel and MTV. In 2007, they appeared in the MTV film Super Sweet 16, in August 2009, she co-starred in the film, Walden Media film Bandslam. In April 2010, The CW announced Michalka was cast in the role of Marti Perkins on the cheerleading drama series Hellcats. Despite a successful premiere, ratings dropped, and in May 2011, in 2011, Michalka made a guest appearance on CSI, NY. In 2010 and 2011 respectively, Michalka had major supporting roles in films Easy A, Michalka appeared in the independent drama film, Crazy Kind of Love, alongside Eva Longoria, Virginia Madsen and Amanda Crew. The film was released in July 2013, in 2013, Michalka participated in a multi-episode role on the sitcom Two and a Half Men. In July 2014, she and her sister, filmed in the independent drama, Weepah Way for Now, in Laurel Canyon, Michalka participated in the casting process and production for the film. The movie was written and directed by her husband, Stephen Ringer, the film later premiered at the Los Angeles Film Festival on June 16,2015. Since March 2015, Michalka has had a role on the CW series iZombie. On April 19,2016, she was announced as a cast member for the comedy film The Lears. Michalka and her sister, AJ Michalka, formed the musical duo Aly & AJ in 2004 and they released their first album, Into the Rush, on August 16,2005. In September 2006, they released an album, Acoustic Hearts of Winter, featuring cover songs. In July 2007, their album, Insomniatic, was released, featuring the Billboard top 20 hit single
6.
AJ Michalka
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Amanda Joy AJ Michalka, often credited as simply AJ, is an American actress, singer-songwriter, and musician. She was a prior to becoming an actress, and is best known as one-half of the duo Aly. AJ recorded the song and accompanying music video for the film Secretariat. She also issued a single and video called All Ive Ever Needed from her 2013 film Grace Unplugged, Michalka was born in Torrance, California. Her father, Mark, owns a company, and her mother, Carrie, is a musician and performed with JC Band. Michalka has been playing the piano since she was six and started playing the guitar in her early teens and she started acting when she was five years old, mostly in church play productions. She was raised as a Christian and continues to practice the faith, Michalka was in a number of musical productions at her school in Milwaukee as a young adult. She plays a variety of such as acoustic guitar, electric guitar, piano. She was a model for catalogs, in March 2006, she made her Disney Channel debut in the Disney Channel Original Movie Cow Belles, as Courtney Callum, along with sister Aly, as Taylor Callum. She has also made appearances on such as Oliver Beene, Six Feet Under, The Guardian. She has also appeared with her sister, Aly, in the MTV film, Super Sweet 16, in 2009, she was featured in the Peter Jackson film The Lovely Bones, released widely on January 15,2010. Michalka and her sister perform as the musical duo 78violet and they have released two studio albums and a holiday album. The two are working on a new album, to be released in 2014 and she was cast as a recurring character on The CW series Hellcats starring Ashley Tisdale and along with her sister Alyson Michalka. The series ran for one season and was cancelled in May 2011, Michalka appeared in the 2011 film Super 8, directed by J. J. Abrams. Her first big-screen starring role is as the character in 2013s Grace Unplugged. Since 2013, Michalka has had a role on the ABC sitcom, The Goldbergs, as Lainey Lewis. In May 2015, it was announced that she would be a regular for the shows upcoming third season. In July 2014, she and her sister, Aly Michalka, filmed a drama in Laurel Canyon
7.
Alyson Michalka
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Alyson Renae Aly Michalka is an American actress and recording artist. Michalka and her sister, actress Amanda AJ Michalka, are members of the musical duo Aly & AJ, Michalka was born in Torrance, California. She grew up in Seattle, Washington and Southern California, with her younger sister and her father, Mark, owns a contracting company, and her mother, Carrie, is a musician and performed with the Christian JC Band. In 2004, Michalka was cast in the role of Keely Teslow on the Disney Channels Phil of the Future, the series premiered on June 18,2004. In August 2006, Disney Channel ended the series two seasons. She has also starred in the Disney Channel original movie Now You See It. and appeared in the TV movie Cow Belles opposite her sister, Michalka and her sister starred in several projects produced by the Disney Channel and MTV. In 2007, they appeared in the MTV film Super Sweet 16, in August 2009, she co-starred in the film, Walden Media film Bandslam. In April 2010, The CW announced Michalka was cast in the role of Marti Perkins on the cheerleading drama series Hellcats. Despite a successful premiere, ratings dropped, and in May 2011, in 2011, Michalka made a guest appearance on CSI, NY. In 2010 and 2011 respectively, Michalka had major supporting roles in films Easy A, Michalka appeared in the independent drama film, Crazy Kind of Love, alongside Eva Longoria, Virginia Madsen and Amanda Crew. The film was released in July 2013, in 2013, Michalka participated in a multi-episode role on the sitcom Two and a Half Men. In July 2014, she and her sister, filmed in the independent drama, Weepah Way for Now, in Laurel Canyon, Michalka participated in the casting process and production for the film. The movie was written and directed by her husband, Stephen Ringer, the film later premiered at the Los Angeles Film Festival on June 16,2015. Since March 2015, Michalka has had a role on the CW series iZombie. On April 19,2016, she was announced as a cast member for the comedy film The Lears. Michalka and her sister, AJ Michalka, formed the musical duo Aly & AJ in 2004 and they released their first album, Into the Rush, on August 16,2005. In September 2006, they released an album, Acoustic Hearts of Winter, featuring cover songs. In July 2007, their album, Insomniatic, was released, featuring the Billboard top 20 hit single
8.
Amanda Joy Michalka
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Amanda Joy AJ Michalka, often credited as simply AJ, is an American actress, singer-songwriter, and musician. She was a prior to becoming an actress, and is best known as one-half of the duo Aly. AJ recorded the song and accompanying music video for the film Secretariat. She also issued a single and video called All Ive Ever Needed from her 2013 film Grace Unplugged, Michalka was born in Torrance, California. Her father, Mark, owns a company, and her mother, Carrie, is a musician and performed with JC Band. Michalka has been playing the piano since she was six and started playing the guitar in her early teens and she started acting when she was five years old, mostly in church play productions. She was raised as a Christian and continues to practice the faith, Michalka was in a number of musical productions at her school in Milwaukee as a young adult. She plays a variety of such as acoustic guitar, electric guitar, piano. She was a model for catalogs, in March 2006, she made her Disney Channel debut in the Disney Channel Original Movie Cow Belles, as Courtney Callum, along with sister Aly, as Taylor Callum. She has also made appearances on such as Oliver Beene, Six Feet Under, The Guardian. She has also appeared with her sister, Aly, in the MTV film, Super Sweet 16, in 2009, she was featured in the Peter Jackson film The Lovely Bones, released widely on January 15,2010. Michalka and her sister perform as the musical duo 78violet and they have released two studio albums and a holiday album. The two are working on a new album, to be released in 2014 and she was cast as a recurring character on The CW series Hellcats starring Ashley Tisdale and along with her sister Alyson Michalka. The series ran for one season and was cancelled in May 2011, Michalka appeared in the 2011 film Super 8, directed by J. J. Abrams. Her first big-screen starring role is as the character in 2013s Grace Unplugged. Since 2013, Michalka has had a role on the ABC sitcom, The Goldbergs, as Lainey Lewis. In May 2015, it was announced that she would be a regular for the shows upcoming third season. In July 2014, she and her sister, Aly Michalka, filmed a drama in Laurel Canyon
9.
Into the Rush
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Into the Rush is the debut studio album by American teen pop rock duo Aly & AJ. The album was released on August 16,2005 by Disney-owned label Hollywood Records. The album features 14 tracks including the singles Rush and Do You Believe in Magic, a deluxe edition of the album was released on August 8,2006, featuring three all new songs, two new mixes of previous songs and a bonus DVD. The album sold 1,000,000 copies worldwide, into the Rush debuted at number thirty six, selling 25,000 copies in its first week. The album spent 40 weeks on the US Billboard 200, the albums last position was 123 before falling off the next week. The album was selling more than 25,000 copies a week for nearly 30 weeks, the album sold 839,000 copies in the United States and 1,000,000 worldwide. No One was also a Radio Disney single with a music video, the music video features scenes from the film Ice Princess, along with the girls in a house, looking through the window, going through letters and playing the guitar. Rush was the first official mainstream-released single from the duo, the song was first released to Disney radios in October 2005, but got real success when it got a full release in February 2006. Therefore, the song has two videos, one for Disney and one for main television, which was directed by Marc Webb. The song finally reached #59 on the Billboard Hot 100, chemicals React is the second main single, and the first serving and promoting the Deluxe Edition of Into the Rush. Its music video was directed by Chris Applebaum and features Aly & AJ performing the song on a set-up stage, the song became their second Hot 100 entry, reaching #50. Its moderate success in the US led to an international release, do You Believe in Magic was the first single, prior to the release of Rush, their first mainstream single. It is a version of the original, which was sung by The Lovin Spoonful in 1965. The song was sent to Radio Disney stations first, and to iTunes soon afterwards to become a digital single. A music video was shot for the song, the girls are shown entering a room. Walking on Sunshine, a cover of the Katrina and the Waves song, was the third and final Radio Disney single prior to the release of Rush. The song also has a video containing a 1,31 edit of the song, showing the duo arriving at a set. On the Ride was their fourth promotional single and its music video has scenes from the movie Cow Belles merged in it. The album received mixed to positive reviews from critics, fran Grauman from about. com gave the album a 4 star rating, praising Aly and AJs ton of talent and experience
10.
Billboard 200
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The Billboard 200 is a record chart ranking the 200 most popular music albums and EPs in the United States, published weekly by Billboard magazine. It is frequently used to convey the popularity of an artist or groups of artists, often, a recording act will be remembered by its number ones, those of their albums that outperformed all others during at least one week. The chart is based mostly on sales of albums in the United States, the weekly sales period was originally Monday to Sunday when Nielsen started tracking sales in 1991, but since July 2015, tracking week begins on Friday and ends on Thursday. A new chart is published the following Tuesday with an issue post-dated to the Saturday of the following week, the charts streaming schedule is also tracked from Friday to Thursday. Example, Friday January 1 – sales tracking week begins Thursday January 7 – sales tracking week ends Tuesday January 12 – new chart published, New product is released to the American market on Fridays. Digital downloads of albums are included in Billboard 200 tabulation. Albums that are not licensed for sale in the United States are not eligible to chart. As of the issue dated April 15,2017, the album on the Billboard 200 is More Life by Drake. Billboard began an album chart in 1945, initially only five positions long, the album chart was not published on a weekly basis, sometimes three to seven weeks passing before it was updated. A biweekly, 15-position Best-Selling Popular Albums chart appeared in 1955, the position count varied anywhere from 10 to 30 albums. The first number-one album on the new weekly list was Belafonte by Harry Belafonte, the chart was renamed to Best-Selling Pop Albums later in 1956, and then to Best-Selling Pop LPs in 1957. Beginning on May 25,1959, Billboard split the ranking into two charts Best-Selling Stereophonic LPs for stereo albums and Best-Selling Monophonic LPs for mono albums and these were renamed to Stereo Action Charts and Mono Action Charts in 1960. In January 1961, they became Action Albums—Stereophonic and Action Albums—Monophonic, three months later, they became Top LPs—Stereo and Top LPs—Monaural. On August 17,1963 the stereo and mono charts were combined into a 150-position chart called Top LPs, on April 1,1967, the chart was expanded to 175 positions, then finally to 200 positions on May 13,1967. In 1960, Billboard began concurrently publishing album charts which ranked sales of older or mid-priced titles and these Essential Inventory charts were divided by stereo and mono albums, and featured titles that had already appeared on the main stereo and mono album charts. In January 1961, the Action Charts became Action Albums—Monophonic, Albums appeared on either chart for up to nine weeks, then were moved to an Essential Inventory list of approximately 200 titles, with no numerical ranking. This list continued to be published until the consolidated Top LPs chart debuted in 1963, in 1982, Billboard began publishing a Midline Albums chart which ranked older or mid-priced titles. The chart held 50 positions and was published on a bi-weekly basis, on May 25,1991, Billboard premiered the Top Pop Catalog Albums chart
11.
RIAA certification
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In the United States, the Recording Industry Association of America awards certification based on the number of albums and singles sold through retail and other ancillary markets. Certification is not automatic, for an award to be made, the audit is conducted against net shipments after returns, which includes albums sold directly to retailers and one-stops, direct-to-consumer sales and other outlets. Presently, an American RIAA-certified Gold record is a single or album that has sold 500,000 units, the award was launched in 1958, originally, the requirement for a Gold single was one million units sold and a Gold album represented $1 million in sales. In 1975, the requirement of 500,000 units sold was added for Gold albums. Reflecting growth in sales, the Platinum award was added in 1976 for albums selling one million units. The Multi-Platinum award was introduced in 1984, signifying multiple Platinum levels of albums, in 1989, the sales thresholds for singles were reduced to 500,000 for Gold and 1,000,000 for Platinum, reflecting a decrease in sales of singles. In 1992, RIAA began counting each disc in a set as one unit toward certification. Reflecting additional growth in sales, the Diamond award was instituted in 1999 for albums or singles selling ten million units. Because of these changes in criteria, the sales level associated with a particular award depends on when the award was made, Nielsen SoundScan figures are not used in RIAA certification, the RIAA system predates Nielsen SoundScan and includes sales outlets Nielsen misses. Prior to Nielsen SoundScan, RIAA certification was the only audited and this system has allowed, at times, for record labels to promote an album as Gold or Platinum simply based on large shipments. For instance, in 1978 the Sgt, peppers Lonely Hearts Club Band soundtrack shipped platinum but was a sales bust, with two million returns. Similarly, all four albums by the members of Kiss simultaneously shipped Platinum that same year. A similar discrepancy between shipments and sales was reported with The Lion King soundtrack, multi-disc albums are counted once for each disc within the album if it is over 100 minutes in length or is from the vinyl era. Pink Floyds The Wall and The Beatles White Album, both vinyl-era, are also counted double even though their running times are under the minimum requirement. Since 2000, the RIAA also awards Los Premios de Oro y De Platino to Latin albums which are defined by the RIAA as a type of product that features at least 51% of content in Spanish, the thresholds were 100,000 units and 200,000 units. All Spanish-language albums certified prior to 2008 were updated to match the current certification at the time, la Bomba by Bolivian group Azul Azul is the only single to receive a Latin certification based on shipments before the creation of the Latin digital singles awards in 2013. The Disco de Diamante award was introduced after the RIAA updated the thresholds for Latin certifications in December 20,2013, the Disco de Diamante is awarded to Latin albums that have been certified 10× Platinum. The thresholds were previously 1,000,000 units and 2,000,000 units, when the RIAA changed the certification standards to match retail distribution in August 2006, all Platinum and Multi-Platinum awards for a digital release were withdrawn
12.
Recording Industry Association of America
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The Recording Industry Association of America is a continental North and South American trade organization that represents the recording industry in the United States. Its members consist of record labels and distributors, which the RIAA says create, the RIAA headquarters is in Washington, D. C. The RIAA was formed in 1952 and its original mission was to administer recording copyright fees and problems, work with trade unions, and do research relating to the record industry and government regulations. Early RIAA standards included the RIAA equalization curve, the format of the record groove and the dimensions of 33 1/3 rpm,45 rpm. Since 2001, the RIAA has spent $2 to $6 million each year on lobbying in the United States, the RIAA also participates in the collective rights management of sound recordings, and it is responsible for certifying Gold and Platinum albums and singles in the United States. Cary Sherman has been the RIAAs chairman and CEO since 2011, Sherman joined the RIAA as its general counsel in 1997 and became president of the board of directors in 2001, serving in that position until being made chairman and CEO. Mitch Glazier has been the RIAAs senior executive vice president since 2011 and he served as executive vice president for public policy and industry relations from 2000 to 2011. The past RIAA chairman and CEO is Mitch Bainwol, who served from 2003 to 2011 and he left in 2011 to become president and CEO of the Alliance of Automobile Manufacturers. The board of directors consists of 26 members of the board, the RIAA operates an award program for albums that sell a large number of copies. The program originally began in 1958, with a Gold Award for singles, the criterion was changed in 1975 to the number of copies sold, with albums selling 500,000 copies awarded the Gold Award. In 1976, a Platinum Award was added for one million sales, the awards are open to both RIAA members and non-members. Since 2000, the RIAA also operates a program for Latin music sales. Currently, a Disco De Oro is awarded for 30,000 units, the RIAA defines Latin music as a type of release with 51% or more of its content recorded in Spanish. In 2006, digital ringtones were added to branch of certification. In the same year, the RIAA introduced the Latin Digital Award for digital recordings in Spanish and this release format includes DVD and VHS releases, and certain live albums and compilation albums. The certification criteria is different from other styles. Gold,50,000 Platinum,100,000 Multi-Platinum,200,000 copies The RIAA opposes unauthorized sharing of its music, studies conducted since the association began its campaign against peer-to-peer file-sharing have concluded that losses incurred per download range from negligible to moderate. The association has commenced high-profile lawsuits against file sharing service providers and it has also commenced a series of lawsuits against individuals suspected of file sharing, notably college students and parents of file sharing children
13.
Insomniatic
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Insomniatic is the third studio album by American pop rock duo Aly & AJ, released on July 10,2007, by Hollywood Records. The lyrical content of the album is centered heavily around heartbreak, Insomniatic was well received by many music critics, many of which lauded the duo for the lyrical depth and evolution. Others, however, label the composition of the album to be bland, the album debuted at number 15 on the Billboard 200 with sales of 39,000. Two singles were spawned from the album, the first single, Potential Breakup Song, was released on June 26,2007 and became charted within the top 30 in several countries, including the United States where it peaked at number 17. Like Whoa was released as the second single in early 2008. The album was the final release with Hollywood Records and under the name Aly & AJ. They changed their name to 78violet in 2009 and again changed it to Aly & AJ in 2015 and they left Hollywood in 2010 before forming their own label 78violet Music LLC. MTVs The Leak section posted all 12 songs on the edition of the album in their entirety. The song Blush was excluded in the MTV. com full album stream as well not being included in the iTunes edition, the song eventually became the albums second single. Instrumental versions of all 12 songs are available commercially on the iTunes Store, the Australian release of the album features the cover art same as the deluxe edition, aside from the Deluxe Edition tag. It also features with the original Chemicals React track as the first track, the set encompasses numerous genres including rock, pop, electronica, new wave, and Europop. The lyrical themes of the album are centered on heartbreak and loss, the first song, Potential Breakup Song, is composed as an electropop song that incorporates elements of electronica, electro-rock and dance in its composition. The songs lyrics describe a situation in certain instances have led to the dissolution of a union. The title track is a rock number that consists of instrumentation from striking drums. The duo, who throughout the song, speak of the feeling derived from insomnia. Silence features an opening consisting of a percussion and the accompaniment of synthesized instruments. Blush is a ballad that features hints of sexual tension. Bullseye, along with If I Could Have You Back and Like or Leave It, closure is an electro pop ballad that is composed of synthesizer keyboards and distorted guitars
14.
Hothouse (song)
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Hothouse is a song by American band 78violet. It is their first single release since their renaming from Aly & AJ in 2009 and it was released on July 8,2013. The song was written by sisters Aly and AJ Michalka, and Mike Einziger, the folk-pop song introduces the public to a new psychedelic sound from the duo that strays from their commercial pop rock roots. When you hear it, it kind of takes you a bit back to the 60s, 70s and has that throwback sound as well as the female strength, older sister Aly,24. Immediately after the release the duo began promotion. On June 26 the girls performed their first concert in five years at the Roxy Theater in West Hollywood, the duo appeared in several interviews, beginning with ClevverNews where they discussed the single and album. The day of the release they interviewed on Huffpost live with Ahmed, on July 9 they hosted a concert in New York City at the Gramercy Theater. The duo also performed Boy and Hothouse live on Billboards Tastemakers, along with a performance on Vevo. During this time the duo would be nominated for Best Siblings in Pop on Popdust and would beat out the Jonas Brothers, the McClain Sisters
15.
Walt Disney Pictures
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Walt Disney Pictures, Inc. is an American film production company and a subsidiary of Walt Disney Studios, owned by The Walt Disney Company. The subsidiary is based at the Walt Disney Studios in Burbank, California and it took on its current name in 1983. Today, in conjunction with the units of Walt Disney Studios. Animated films such as those by Walt Disney Animation Studios and Pixar Animation Studios are released under this brand. Pirates of the Caribbean series is the corporations most successful franchise, the studios predecessor was founded as the Disney Brothers Cartoon Studio, by filmmaker Walt Disney and his business partner and brother, Roy, in 1923. The creation of Mickey Mouse and subsequent short films and merchandise generated revenue for the studio which was renamed as The Walt Disney Studio at the Hyperion Studio in 1926, in 1929, it was renamed again to Walt Disney Productions. With the profits from Snow White, Walt relocated to a studio in Burbank. In the 1940s, Disney began experimenting with full-length live-action films, with the introduction of hybrid live action-animated films such as The Reluctant Dragon and Song of the South. By 1953, the company ended their agreements with such third-party distributors as RKO Radio Pictures and United Artists and formed their own distribution company, Buena Vista Distribution. The Walt Disney Productions in April 1983 incorporated its film division as Walt Disney Pictures, Inc. Touchstone Films banner was used by then new Disney CEO Michael Eisner in the 1984–85 television season with the short lived western, Wildside. The next TV season, Touchstone produced a hit with The Golden Girls, David Hoberman was promoted to president of production, Walt Disney Pictures in April 1988. In April 1994, Hoberman was promoted to president of motion pictures at Walt Disney Studios and was replaced as Disney President by David Vogel. Vogel added the position of Hollywood Pictures in 1997, then was promoted in 1998 to head up all live action motion picture units as president of Buena Vista Motion Pictures Group, Pirates of the Caribbean launched a film series and made the ride into a franchise. After four Pirates sequels, the franchise took in more than $5.4 billion worldwide, so, the corporation was looking for addition of the ride adaptations. In 2010, Disney released Alice in Wonderland, an adaptation of the 1951 animated film of the name that became the second $1 billion-grossing film in the studios history. The film began a trend of fantasy genre films being green-lit. With sister units Marvel Studios and Lucasfilm successfully targeting the male market, with the success of Maleficent and Cinderella, the studio announced a whole series of live-action adaptations of animated films as being in early stages. The Jungle Book cemented this trend with a global near billion-dollar box office, some adaptations are sequels to existing adaptations, origin stories and prequels
16.
Ice Princess
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The film focuses on Casey Carlyle, a normal teenager who gives up a promising future academic life in order to pursue her new-found dream of being a professional figure skater. The film was released on March 18,2005, Ice Princess had an unsuccessful performance at the box office, grossing $24 million in the United States during its theatrical run against a production budget of $25 million. It did, however, inspire Zahra Lari, a Muslim in the United Arab Emirates, to take up the sport, become an Olympics 2018 hopeful, Casey Carlyle, a very smart and talented science student, plans to pursue a scholarship to Harvard University. For the scholarship, Casey must present a summer project about physics. While watching a figure skating competition with her mathematically inclined friend Ann, Casey realizes that her favorite hobby, ice skating. She decides to try to improve her own skating by applying physics and she becomes proficient and skips two levels to become a junior skater. She helps junior skaters Gennifer Gen Harwood, Tiffany Lai, torn between her Harvard dream and her growing love of skating, Casey has difficulty juggling schoolwork, skating, and a part-time job. Joan Carlyle, Caseys mother, attempts to prevent Casey from skating due to her academic performance. Meanwhile, tension arises between Caseys coach Tina Harwood, a former skater and Gens mother. Tina, who manages the rink where Casey trains, has Gen on a training program. During a competition where both Casey and Gen compete, Tina sees that Casey may outrank Gen, and attempts to sabotage Caseys performance by switching her skates, upset at this, and frustrated by all the restrictions of training, Gen quits. Casey declines the Harvard scholarship competition to devote herself to skating to her mothers dismay, Casey asks Tina to be her personal coach and help her train for sectionals. Her mother, upset at this change of direction in her life, at the sectionals, Caseys mind is not fully focused on the competition and she falls while attempting a triple salchow jump. To her surprise, she discovers that her mother is in the audience, inspired, Casey gives a highly rated artistic performance. The sectionals ends with Nikki going to the nationals and Casey becoming the runner-up, Gens brother, Teddy, gives Casey flowers to congratulate her, and they kiss. Later, Joan and Tina bicker about how many college courses Casey should take, Teddy and Caseys budding romance, Caseys sponsors, blumas ended up playing Teddy as a sort of father figure. He began training to drive a Zamboni soon after arriving in Toronto, according to him, panettiere did much of her own skating, including a fast spin seen at the end of the film. Trachtenberg trained for eight months, including the time they were filming and she had to be on the ice longer than most of the other actors as she was one of the few adults on the film
17.
Do You Believe in Magic (song)
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Do You Believe In Magic is a song written by John Sebastian. It was first recorded and released by his group, The Lovin Spoonful in 1965, the single peaked at number 9 on the Billboard Hot 100 chart. In 1978, Shaun Cassidy reached the top 40 with his cover version, the song has been recorded by various artists including a 2005 version by the pop duo Aly & AJ. In 1965, the group The Lovin Spoonful released the song as the first single from their studio album Do You Believe in Magic. The single was received by the public and became a top ten hit on the Billboard Hot 100. According to the lyrics, the magic referenced in the title is the power of music to supply happiness, session drummer Gary Chester played on the track. The Lovin Spoonfuls version was ranked number 216 on Rolling Stones list of The 500 Greatest Songs of All Time. The song is significantly featured in the Jim Sheridan movie In America, as an Irish-immigrant family, having entered the U. S. on false pretenses. Do You Believe in Magic was featured in The Parent Trap, American Pie, Date Movie, Temple Grandin, the original version was also the theme song for the short-lived TV series State of Grace. In 2012, the Lovin Spoonfuls version was used in the official Meet the Pyro trailer for the first-person shooter video game, Team Fortress 2. Do You Believe in Magic became a top forty hit again in 1978 in both the U. S. and Canada when Shaun Cassidy released his cover as a single, Cassidys version reached number 31 on the Billboard Hot 100. The song was Cassidys second successful remake of a 1960s hit, do You Believe in Magic was covered by American pop rock duo, Aly & AJ. The duo consists of sisters, Alyson Aly and Amanda Joy AJ Michalka, other notable artists who have remade the song include John Mellencamp on his 1976 album Chestnut Street Incident, Bud Shank, and Randy VanWarmer. A cover from the song was used in The Super Mario Bros, episode Mighty McMario and the Pot of Gold. In the 1987 show Barbie and The Rockers episode Out Of This World, Barbie, in 2002, the song was later recorded by BBMak for the score of Return to Never Land, a sequel to Disneys 1953 classic Peter Pan. In 1989, Steve Tyrell performed a cover for the film Second Sight, on September 4,1993 when Jim Abbott of the New York Yankees pitched a no-hitter, the song was played after Twisted Sister song, Were Not Gonna Take It. In 2010 a few bars were used as music to a television commercial for the Chase Bank iPhone app which allows remote check deposits using the iPhone camera. Lyrics of this song at MetroLyrics
18.
The Lovin' Spoonful
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The band had its roots in the folk music scene based in the Greenwich Village section of lower Manhattan during the early 1960s. Sebastian formed the Spoonful with guitarist Zal Yanovsky from a folk group called The Mugwumps, playing local coffee houses. The formation of the Lovin Spoonful during this period was described in the lyrics of the Mamas & the Papas 1967 top ten hit. Drummer Jan Carl and bassist Steve Boone rounded out the group, Butler had previously played with Boone in a group called The Kingsmen. The group made its first recordings for Elektra Records in early 1965, the four tracks recorded for Elektra were released on the 1966 various artists compilation LP Whats Shakin after the bands success on Kama Sutra. The band worked with producer Erik Jacobsen to release their first single on July 20,1965, Do You Believe in Magic, additionally, they wrote their own material, including Younger Girl, which was a hit for The Critters in mid-1966. Do You Believe in Magic reached #9 on the Hot 100, the Lovin Spoonful became known for such folk-flavored pop hits as You Didnt Have to Be So Nice, which reached #10, and Daydream, which went to #2. Other hits included Did You Ever Have to Make Up Your Mind. and their song to reach #1 on the Hot 100. Later that year, the #10 hit Rain on the Roof, the only other 1960s act to achieve that feat is Gary Lewis & the Playboys. The Lovin Spoonful was one of the most successful groups to have jug band and folk roots. Their popularity revived interest in the form, and many subsequent jug bands cite them as an inspiration. The rest of their albums featured mostly original songs, but their jug band roots showed up again and again, particularly in Daydream, Lovin Spoonful members termed their approach good-time music. In the liner notes of Do You Believe in Magic, Zal Yanovsky said that he became a convert to Reddy Kilowatt because its loud, and people dance to it, and its loud. Soon-to-be members of the rock band the Grateful Dead were part of the West Coast acoustic folk music scene when the Lovin Spoonful came to town on tour. They credited the Lovin Spoonful concert as an experience, after which they decided to leave the folk scene. The band also gained a bit of publicity when Butler replaced Jim Rado in the role of Claude for a sold-out four-month run with the Broadway production of the rock musical Hair. Both films were released in 1966, in addition, the Michelangelo Antonioni film Blow-up, also released that year, contained an instrumental version of the Spoonful song, Butchies Tune, performed by jazz musician Herbie Hancock. In early 1967, the band broke with their producer Erik Jacobsen, turning to Joe Wissert to produce the single Six OClock and he was a Canadian citizen and feared that he would be barred from re-entering the U. S. so he complied
19.
John Sebastian
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Sebastian was born in New York City and grew up in Italy and Greenwich Village. His father, John Sebastian, was a classical harmonica player and his mother. His godmother was Vivian Vance, who was a friend of his mother. His godfather and first babysitter was childrens book illustrator Garth Williams, Sebastian grew up surrounded by music and musicians, including Burl Ives and Woody Guthrie, and hearing such players as Lead Belly and Mississippi John Hurt in his own neighborhood. He graduated from Blair Academy, a boarding school in Blairstown, New Jersey. He next attended New York University for just over a year, in the early 1960s, Sebastian developed an interest in blues music and in playing harmonica in a blues style, rather than the classical style used by his father. Through his fathers connections, he met and was influenced by blues musicians Sonny Terry, Sebastian became part of the folk and blues scene that was developing in Greenwich Village and later gave rise to folk rock. In addition to harmonica, Sebastian played guitar and occasionally autoharp, one of Sebastians first recording gigs was playing guitar and harmonica for Billy Faiers 1964 album The Beast of Billy Faier. He also played on Fred Neils album Bleecker & MacDougal and Tom Rushs self-titled album in 1965 and he played in the Even Dozen Jug Band and in The Mugwumps, which split to form the Lovin Spoonful and the Mamas & the Papas. Sebastian was joined by Zal Yanovsky, Steve Boone, and Joe Butler in the Spoonful, which was named after The Coffee Blues, a Mississippi John Hurt song. You Didnt Have to Be So Nice, Darling Be Home Soon, Jug Band Music, Rain on the Roof, Nashville Cats, the band, however, began to implode after a 1967 marijuana bust in San Francisco involving Yanovsky, a Canadian citizen. Facing deportation, he revealed the name of his dealer to police, neither Sebastian nor Butler was involved in the matter, both being away from San Francisco at the time. Yanovsky subsequently left the band and was replaced by Jerry Yester, after which the musical style veered away from its previous eclectic blend. One of Sebastians first projects after leaving the Spoonful was composing the music and lyrics for a play with music, Jimmy Shine, written by Murray Schisgal. It opened on Broadway in December 1968, with Dustin Hoffman in the title role, in the late 1970s and early 1980s, Sebastian himself wrote a stage musical adaptation of E. B. Whites Charlottes Web in consultation with his godfather Garth Williams, who illustrated Whites original book, the proposed musical included 20 songs, some of which Sebastian performed in concert, but the musical was never produced. In August 1969, Sebastian made a memorable, albeit unscheduled appearance at Woodstock, Sebastians Woodstock set consisted of three songs from his recorded but not yet released John B. Sebastian album and two Lovin Spoonful songs, documentary remarks by festival organizers indicated that Sebastian was under the influence of marijuana or other psychedelic drugs at the time, hence his spontaneity and casual, unplanned set
20.
Now You See It...
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Now You See It. is a 2005 Disney Channel Original Movie. The film is told from Allysons point of view, similar to a documentary, tells the story of what can happen when a reality TV show uncovers something that is not meant to be seen on television. Aspiring teen producer Allyson Miller signs up to produce a new reality show that is searching for the worlds greatest kid magician, desperate to find her star, Allyson stumbles upon Danny Sinclair, who proves to be her best shot at getting on the show. When Danny is selected as one of three finalists, Allyson is prepared to do whatever it takes to win, while the other two contestants, Brandon and Zoey, are good magicians, Danny appears to have something more. Even show host and master magician Max has taken a special interest in Dannys talent, when Danny confesses to Allyson that his powers are real, she is shocked but promises to believe in him. Betrayed, Allyson is upset with Danny and refuses to talk to him, however, when she views the video of how she first discovered Danny, she sees doves appear from nowhere and begins to believe in Danny again. When she goes to look for him, she hears voices through a door and goes into the room to try to listen to what they are saying. She is amazed to find that Max is confessing to Danny that he too is a real magician—a sorcerer, after Max demonstrates his talents, he promises to help Danny control his powers and be his mentor and gives him a ring. He tells Danny that whenever he wears the ring, Danny will be able to control his own powers, Danny puts it on and leaves the room. Allyson is about to leave when Paul enters and she is surprised and continues to listen. Shockingly, it appears Max wants to control Dannys powers through the ring, Allyson rushes to try to find Danny, but she only manages to speak to him the following morning, by this time, Danny trusts Max too much. When Allyson tries to show the tape to the producer, Max. The producer isnt convinced when she sees the blank tape, when she claims Max has done this, no one believes her. The producer asks her to leave, believing she has cracked under the pressure, Allyson leaves, upset because Danny did not stand up for her. On the train home, she realizes that this must have something to do with famous magician Antonio DeMilo, when she researches this, she discovers that DeMilo died when a prop collapsed on him. She sees that he was wearing the ring Danny is now wearing, Allyson manages to re-enter the grand finale of the show inside a magic box. She warns Danny again, telling him that he cant remove the ring alone, he needs someone to remove it for him, once on stage, Max tries to make a 1000 lb weight collapse on Danny, but Allysons warning helps him escape. Danny and Max are then locked in combat, the audience thinks it is all part of the show, Allyson, unbeknownst to Danny, climbs in the box to help Danny but Max puts three swords in the box and with the third sword Allyson shouts
21.
About.com
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About. com is an American Internet-based network of content that publishes articles and videos about various subjects on its topic sites, of which there are nearly 1,000. It is operated by About, Inc, the website competes with other online resource sites and encyclopedias. By March 2014,61,428,000 unique visitors were registered by comScore for About. com, making it the 16th-most-visited online property during that month. As of August 2012, About. com is the property of IAC, owner of Ask. com and numerous other online brands, and its revenue is generated by advertising. Founded in 1996 as The Mining Company, the site was launched on April 21,1997 by Scott Kurnit, owner of General Internet, Bill Day, and a group of other entrepreneurs in New York City. The original goal was to maintain 1,800 topic areas, but after five years of operation, the company changed its name to About Inc. and the website address from miningco. com to about. com in May 1999. The company was acquired by Primedia, Inc. in 2000 through a deal valued at US$690 million, whereby Primedia swapped 45.2 million shares for About, at the time of the acquisition announcement, About Inc. Following the purchase, which was finalized in the first quarter of 2001, in February 2005, The New York Times Company announced it was buying About. com, a purchase that was completed in the first half of the year for US$410 million. Google and Yahoo were reportedly among the other bidders, following the Times Co. acquisition, Peter C. Horan was appointed as About Inc. s president and CEO, in March 2007, About. coms patronage was measured at 33.5 million unique visitors. On May 7,2007, About Inc. acquired ConsumerSearch. com, initially conceived of in January 2007, About. coms first fully owned foreign venture, the China-based Abang. com, debuted in December 2007. At the time of the launch, the company had a Japan-based online entity, Allabout. co. jp, the About Group generated US$102.7 million in 2007, which represented a 135-percent increase from the time of the Times Co. acquisition. Meyer stepped down from the executive role in March 2008 and was replaced by Cella Irvine. Martin Nisenholtz, SVP of digital operations, temporarily replaced Irvine following her departure in May 2011, in July 2011, Darline Jean was named CEO of the About Group, after the companys second-quarter revenues totaled US$27.8 million. Jean previously served as Abouts chief financial officer and her new appointment became effective on September 1,2011, a media report published in August 2012 indicated that Answers. com had reached a preliminary agreement to acquire About. com for US$270 million. However, on August 26, Barry Dillers IAC announced that it would acquire About. com instead for US$300 million in cash. A source for the TechCrunch publication later confirmed that Answers. coms offer was valued at US$270 million. In the corresponding press release, IAC explained that the acquisition will help bolster and accompany its existing properties, Jean fulfilled her role as chief executive during the transition period, while ownership was transferred to IAC, and then left About shortly after the sale was finalized
22.
Allmusic
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AllMusic is an online music guide service website. It was launched in 1991 by All Media Guide which later became All Media Network, AllMusic was launched in 1991 by Michael Erlewine of All Media Guide. The aim was to discographic information on every artist whos made a record since Enrico Caruso gave the industry its first big boost and its first reference book was published the following year. When first released onto the Internet, AMG predated the World Wide Web and was first available as a Gopher site, the AMG consumer web properties AllMusic. com, AllMovie. com and AllGame. com were sold by Rovi in July 2013 to All Media Network, LLC. All Media Network, LLC. was formed by the founders of SideReel. com. The following are contributors to AllMusic, as of this date, All Media Network also produced the AllMusic guide series that includes the AllMusic Guide to Rock, the All Music Guide to Jazz and the All Music Guide to the Blues. Vladimir Bogdanov is the president of the series, in August 2007, PC Magazine included AllMusic in its Top 100 Classic Websites list. All Media Network AllGame AllMovie SideReel All Music Guide to the Blues All Music Guide to Jazz Stephen Thomas Erlewine Official website
23.
Hayden Panettiere
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Hayden Leslie Panettiere is an American actress, model, singer, and activist. A native of New York City, she first appeared in a commercial at the age of 11 months. Other notable roles include her portrayal of the character in the true crime drama Amanda Knox, Murder on Trial in Italy. She received two nominations for the Golden Globe Award for Best Supporting Actress – Series, Miniseries or Television Film, Panettiere was born in and partly raised in Palisades, New York. She is the daughter of Lesley R. Vogel, a soap opera actress, and Alan Lee Skip Panettiere. She has Italian, and some English and German ancestry and she has one younger brother, fellow actor Jansen Panettiere. Her mothers family lives in Indiana, after Panettiere attended South Orangetown Middle School in New York, she was homeschooled from grade nine to the completion of high school. Panettiere first appeared in commercials at the age of 11 months, while on Guiding Light, Panettieres character Lizzie battled leukemia. For drawing the attention of viewers to the disease, and for improving national awareness. In 2004, Panettiere had her first starring role in the Disney Channel film Tiger Cruise, Panettiere became most prominent as Claire Bennet in the NBC series Heroes, which was created by Tim Kring, as a high school cheerleader with regenerative healing powers. Panettiere has complained that her options are sometimes limited because people look at as either the popular cheerleader type or just the blonde. In early 2007, Panettiere appeared on the MTV show, Punkd, the appearance was engineered by her mother and involved a male fan discussing her work with her, instigating a jealous reaction from the mans spouse. In April 2012, she hosted an episode of the new series, in March 2012, it was announced Panettiere had been cast opposite Connie Britton on the ABC musical drama series Nashville. In May 2012, ABC bought the pilot as a series, the pilot reunites Panettiere with Burgess Jenkins from Remember the Titans. ABC canceled the series in May 2016 but it was picked up by CMT. In 1999, she portrayed the girl on a sailboat in Message In A Bottle. She played the role of Coach Yoasts daughter, Sheryl, in the 2000 Disney film Remember the Titans, in 2004, she played Kate Hudsons title characters adolescent niece in Raising Helen. In 2005, she was the title characters rival in a skating contest in Ice Princess, in the same year she played the main role in the film Racing Stripes as budding jockey Channing Walsh
24.
Walt Disney Records
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Walt Disney Records is an American record label of the Disney Music Group. The label was founded in 1956 as Disneyland Records, before that time, Disney recordings were licensed to a variety of other labels such as RCA, Decca, Capitol, ABC-Paramount, and United Artists. It was Walt Disney’s brother Roy O. Disney who suggested that Walt Disney Productions form their own record label, Roy enlisted longtime staffer Jimmy Johnson to head this new division. It adopted its current name in 1989, in 1954, the Disneyland Record label was used for a Columbia Records release of Fess Parkers recording of the Ballad of Davy Crockett. The record was a success causing the formation of the record company, the company was founded as Disneyland Records in 1956, serving as the recorded unit subsidiary of Walt Disney Productions. The Disneyland company issued its first album, A Childs Garden of Verses, also, Disneyland Records issued a Parkers Wringle Wrangle single from the Westward Ho the Wagons. Film with in a year of starting operations, the became a hit. This led the company to start recording music from outside the films, however, what ever was released by the company the industry categorized as children. Pricing was directed towards an audience, which was more than standard children fare. The only outside success was Tuttis Trumpets, thus in 1959, the Disneyland label became the childrens label and Buena Vista label for the occasional pop song record. Jimmy Johnson brought in musician Tutti Camarata, founder of Sunset Sound Recorders in Hollywood, to head the Artists, Tuttis connections within the music industry also brought to the label the likes of Mary Martin, Louis Armstrong, Louis Prima, Jerry Colonna, and Phil Harris. It was also Tutti’s idea that the popular Mouseketeer, Annette Funicello, in 1959, the Buena Vista Records label was formed for Funicellos select recordings and for the release of soundtrack albums and other contemporary music. While looking for the material for Annette, Tutti and his team discovered the songwriting duo of Richard M. Sherman. The two were brought to the Disney studio in Burbank where they became the first staff songwriters for the company. The dual label company started its series in 1965. By 1971, Disneyland Records was also called Disneyland/Vista Records, in 1989, Disneyland Records was renamed Walt Disney Records. In addition to the Buena Vista label, the Disney Audio Entertainment, Disney Sound, today, Walt Disney Records selection of products ranges from traditional studio albums and original soundtracks to audiobooks and karaoke albums. It releases music from Walt Disney Pictures feature films, Lucasfilms Star Wars franchise, Disney Channel Original Movies, Walt Disney Theatrical productions and other feature-length productions
25.
Henry Fonda
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Henry Jaynes Fonda was an American film and stage actor with a career spanning more than five decades. Fonda made his mark early as a Broadway actor and he also appeared in 1938 in plays performed in White Plains, New York, with Joan Tompkins. Throughout six decades in Hollywood, Fonda cultivated a strong, appealing screen image in such classics as The Ox-Bow Incident, Fonda was the patriarch of a family of famous actors, including daughter Jane Fonda, son Peter Fonda, granddaughter Bridget Fonda, and grandson Troy Garity. His family and close friends called him Hank, in 1999, he was named the sixth-Greatest Male Star of All Time by the American Film Institute. Fondas ancestors from Genoa, Italy, migrated to the Netherlands in the 15th century, in 1642, a branch of the Fonda family immigrated to the Dutch colony of New Netherland on the East Coast of North America. They were among the first Dutch population to settle in what is now upstate New York, establishing the town of Fonda, by 1888, many of their descendants had relocated to Nebraska. Henry Fonda was born in Grand Island, Nebraska, to advertising-printing jobber William Brace Fonda, Fonda was brought up as a Christian Scientist, though he was baptized an Episcopalian at St. Stephens Episcopal Church in Grand Island. He said, My whole damn family was nice and they were a close family and highly supportive, especially in health matters, as they avoided doctors due to their religion. Despite having a background, he later became an agnostic. Fonda was a bashful, short boy who tended to avoid girls, except his sisters, and was a skater, swimmer. He worked part-time in his fathers print plant and imagined a career as a journalist. Later, he worked after school for the phone company, Fonda was active in the Boy Scouts of America, Teichmann reports that he reached the rank of Eagle Scout. When he was about 14, his father took him to observe the lynching of a black man accused of rape. This enraged the young Fonda and he kept a keen awareness of prejudice for the rest of his life, by his senior year in high school, Fonda had grown to more than six feet tall, but remained shy. He attended the University of Minnesota, where he majored in journalism and he took a job with the Retail Credit Company. He was fascinated by the stage, learning everything from set construction to stage production, Fonda decided to quit his job and go East in 1928 to seek his fortune. He arrived on Cape Cod and played a role at the Cape Playhouse in Dennis. A friend took him to Falmouth, MA where he joined and quickly became a member of the University Players
26.
Hollywood, California
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Hollywood is an ethnically diverse, densely populated neighborhood in the central region of Los Angeles, California. It is notable as the home of the U. S. film industry, including several of its studios, and its name has come to be a shorthand reference for the industry. Hollywood was a community in 1870 and was incorporated as a municipality in 1903. It was consolidated with the city of Los Angeles in 1910, in 1853, one adobe hut stood in Nopalera, named for the Mexican Nopal cactus indigenous to the area. By 1870, an agricultural community flourished, the area was known as the Cahuenga Valley, after the pass in the Santa Monica Mountains immediately to the north. According to the diary of H. J. Whitley, known as the Father of Hollywood, along came a Chinese man in a wagon carrying wood. The man got out of the wagon and bowed, the Chinese man was asked what he was doing and replied, I holly-wood, meaning hauling wood. H. J. Whitley had an epiphany and decided to name his new town Hollywood, Holly would represent England and wood would represent his Scottish heritage. Whitley had already started over 100 towns across the western United States, Whitley arranged to buy the 500-acre E. C. Hurd ranch and disclosed to him his plans for the land. They agreed on a price and Hurd agreed to sell at a later date, before Whitley got off the ground with Hollywood, plans for the new town had spread to General Harrison Gray Otis, Hurds wife, eastern adjacent ranch co-owner Daeida Wilcox, and others. Daeida Wilcox may have learned of the name Hollywood from Ivar Weid, her neighbor in Holly Canyon and she recommended the same name to her husband, Harvey. In August 1887, Wilcox filed with the Los Angeles County Recorders office a deed and parcel map of property he had sold named Hollywood, Wilcox wanted to be the first to record it on a deed. The early real-estate boom busted that year, yet Hollywood began its slow growth. By 1900, the region had a post office, newspaper, hotel, Los Angeles, with a population of 102,479 lay 10 miles east through the vineyards, barley fields, and citrus groves. A single-track streetcar line ran down the middle of Prospect Avenue from it, but service was infrequent, the old citrus fruit-packing house was converted into a livery stable, improving transportation for the inhabitants of Hollywood. The Hollywood Hotel was opened in 1902 by H. J. Whitley who was a president of the Los Pacific Boulevard, having finally acquired the Hurd ranch and subdivided it, Whitley built the hotel to attract land buyers. Flanking the west side of Highland Avenue, the structure fronted on Prospect Avenue, the hotel was to become internationally known and was the center of the civic and social life and home of the stars for many years. Whitleys company developed and sold one of the residential areas
27.
The Cheetah Girls (band)
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The Cheetah Girls were an American girl group consisting of Adrienne Bailon, Kiely Williams, and Sabrina Bryan. The group was created by Disney, and were famous by the eponymous Disney Channel original film and its sequels, The Cheetah Girls 2 and The Cheetah Girls. All of their albums and soundtracks have debuted in the Billboard 200, the soundtrack to their first movie sold over 2 million copies. The group has launched a line, several perfume collections, doll lines, room decor, a book series. The group has had three tours, Cheetah-licious Christmas Tour, The Partys Just Begun Tour and One World Tour. The Cheetah Girls grossed over US$43 million from their second tour and they have sold over 3.6 million records worldwide with the help of producer Brennan Mills. The Cheetah Girls had a movie, based on a best-selling series of young adult books of the same name by Deborah Gregory. The movies DVD sold over 800,000 copies, the film received over 84 million viewers worldwide and remained a hit in the ratings for months afterwards. The Cheetah Girls were also supposed to be a TV series for ABC in their 2004–2005 season, therefore, Raven would not be able to do the series. Although a pilot was shot in late 2003, ABC decided not to pick up the series, in 2005, the girls recorded for the first time as a trio and recording act for the Disneymania 3 album, remaking the song I Wont Say from the Hercules soundtrack. The album peaked at number 74 on the Billboard 200 albums chart, the lead single, Cheetah-licious Christmas, was rotated on Radio Disney and a music video for the song was shown on Disney Channel. A second single from the album, Five More Days Til Christmas was released as a Radio Disney-only single, the girls went on tour to support the album that fall, along with Aly & AJ as the opening act and the Jonas Brothers as special guests. The Cheetah Girls began work on their album in January 2006. However, when filming and recording for The Cheetah Girls 2 came up, well be making a real album, not a soundtrack, Adrienne Bailon says. Some of the music on there will be produced by will. i. am from The Black Eyed Peas and its important for people to see us as a real musical group. We have all this great marketing around us, with the movies, but we are a musical group. The Cheetah Girls 2 premiere received a total of over 8.1 million viewers, Bryan also stated that the girls would work with producers theyve worked with in the past as well as exploring new producers, such as Timbaland. The album was originally titled Who We Are, and set to be released on June 19,2007 but this was postponed to September 25,2007, the track So Bring It On was released as the albums first single
28.
The Cheetah Girls tours
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In late 2005, The Cheetah Girls went on tour to support their album, Cheetah-licious Christmas. The holiday theme of the concert included giant presents, Winter clothes, and even a theme for their song Christmas in California. The Cheetah Girls also sang songs from the first Cheetah Girls soundtrack, their song I Wont Say and it supports the soundtrack to their third film, The Cheetah Girls, One World. The tour played over 40 concerts in the United States and Canada, the tour was announced August 12,2008, ten days before the premiere of their final film, The Cheetah Girls, One World. The tour was set to begin in Austin, Texas, however. The concert benefited the Corpus Christi Independent School District, midway through the tour, it was plagued with controversy as band member Adrienne Bailon had explicit photos leaked online. Bailon stated the photos were stolen from her laptop, at the JFK Airport, backlash ensued with a few tour dates being cancelled, including a performance at the Macys Thanksgiving Day Parade. American publication Us Weekly later reported the act was a publicity stunt to break Bailon from the typical Disney star image
29.
Chemicals React
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Chemicals React is a pop rock song written and recorded by American pop rock duo Aly & AJ, for the re-release of their debut album Into the Rush. The song was the main single from that album. The song went for radio add on July 27,2006. On The Sims 2, Pets, there is a Simlish version on the boombox that was recorded by Aly and AJ, the Simlish version was released for digital download in the iTunes store on October 31,2006. A remix of the song was included in Aly & AJs third studio album Insomniatic. The music video was directed by Chris Applebaum and features Aly & AJ performing the song live, on Hollywood Recordss YouTube account, the video has accumulated over 9,651,039 plays. Chemicals React failed to chart on its first release in June 2006, but after its re-release in September 2006, when it was released as the groups first UK single, it failed to chart due to lack of promotion. To date the single has logged over 600,000 digital downloads, Aly & AJs Chemicals React music video on YouTube. Lyrics of this song at MetroLyrics
30.
Acoustic Hearts of Winter
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Acoustic Hearts of Winter is a Christmas album and the second studio album by American pop duo Aly & AJ. The album was released on September 26,2006 in the United States, the album was conceived as a project after completing the deluxe edition of their debut album, Into the Rush. All production of the album was done by Antonia Armato and Tim James, the majority of songs are cover versions of religious Christmas carols or contemporary classics. Two originals appear on the set, which were written by Aly & AJ with Armato, musically, the album has an instrument-driven acoustic feel, primarily by guitar. It utilizes pop music influences on Christmas music, the album sold 110,000 copies in the United States. The album received positive reviews, with critics complimenting the lyrical content of the original songs. Acoustic Hearts of Winter debuted on the US Billboard 200 at 78 and it was the second best-selling holiday album of 2006. The sole single from the album, Greatest Time of Year, used to promote The Santa Clause 3, The Escape Clause, Aly & AJ promoted the album mainly on CD USA and at the 2006 Walt Disney World Christmas Day Parade. In 2007, the album was re-released with three new cover songs. During the summer of 2006, after wrapping up the production and recording of their album, Into the Rush. Antonina Armato and Tim James who worked on the debut album. They anticipated finishing the album by the end of the summer, Aly & AJ thought it ironic that they were prepping a Christmas album during the hottest days of the year. Acoustic Hearts of Winter is musically based on Christmas music with pop, pop rock, All songs were produced by Antonina Armato and Tim James. Aly & AJ, along with executive producers Armato and James, many of the songs incorporate heavy instrumentation, such as guitar, cello, percussion, bass, and piano. The album is composed of cover versions of Christmas carols and contemporary holiday classics. Joy to the World, We Three Kings, The First Noel, God Rest Ye Merry Gentlemen, the albums opening number Greatest Time of Year, the first of the albums two originals, was written by Aly & AJ, Armato, and James. The second original and closing track, Not This Year is a reflection about past Christmases, according to the duo, the song is dedicated to their grandmother Carmen, who died on Christmas Eve a few years previous. Matt Collar of Allmusic complimented the classic Christmas songs composed in a light, contemporary pop fashion, overall, Leasure said This album has its good share of standout tracks that are sure to satisfy any fan of modern Christmas music
31.
Valdosta, Georgia
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Valdosta is a city in and the county seat of Lowndes County, located on the southern border of Georgia, United States. As of 2013, Valdosta has a population of 56,481. Valdosta is the city of the Valdosta Metropolitan Statistical Area. It includes part of Brooks County to the west, Valdosta is the home of Valdosta State University, a regional university in the University System of Georgia with over 10,900 students. The local public Valdosta High School has the most winning football program of any school in the United States. Valdosta is called the Azalea City, as the plant grows in profusion there, the city hosts an annual Azalea Festival in March. Valdosta was incorporated on December 7,1860, when it was designated by the legislature as the new county seat. The railroad was built to Valdosta that year, rather than Troupville, many citizens of Troupville had already relocated to Valdosta when the Atlantic and Gulf Railroad was built four miles away. On July 4,1860, the known as Satilla No.3 pulled the first train into Valdosta on the Atlantic. Valdosta is located in the plain of Georgia and has a virtually flat landscape. It was once the center of cotton growing in the United States. The county had a population well before the war with a substantial black population. The sixty miles of railway between Valdosta and Waycross were once the longest straight stretch of railroad in the world, today highways stretch through the county for miles with hardly a curve, rise, or fall. After being bypassed by the railroad and losing the county seat and it had been named after Governor George Troup, for whom Troup County, Georgia, was also named. Valdosta was named after Troups plantation, Valdosta, Troup had named it after the Valle dAosta in Italy. The name Aosta, refers to Emperor Augustus, a long-standing rumor held that the citys name meant vale of beauty. The American Civil War erupted just months after the establishment of Valdosta, during the war, Valdosta was far away from battles and became a refuge for those fleeing areas of Georgia where the war was being activelly fought. Since before the war, the American Colonization Society had supported the relocation of free blacks to Liberia, the first group from Lowndes County left in 1871, and were led by Jefferson Bracewell, the second group was led in 1872 by Aaron Miller
32.
United States
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Forty-eight of the fifty states and the federal district are contiguous and located in North America between Canada and Mexico. The state of Alaska is in the northwest corner of North America, bordered by Canada to the east, the state of Hawaii is an archipelago in the mid-Pacific Ocean. The U. S. territories are scattered about the Pacific Ocean, the geography, climate and wildlife of the country are extremely diverse. At 3.8 million square miles and with over 324 million people, the United States is the worlds third- or fourth-largest country by area, third-largest by land area. It is one of the worlds most ethnically diverse and multicultural nations, paleo-Indians migrated from Asia to the North American mainland at least 15,000 years ago. European colonization began in the 16th century, the United States emerged from 13 British colonies along the East Coast. Numerous disputes between Great Britain and the following the Seven Years War led to the American Revolution. On July 4,1776, during the course of the American Revolutionary War, the war ended in 1783 with recognition of the independence of the United States by Great Britain, representing the first successful war of independence against a European power. The current constitution was adopted in 1788, after the Articles of Confederation, the first ten amendments, collectively named the Bill of Rights, were ratified in 1791 and designed to guarantee many fundamental civil liberties. During the second half of the 19th century, the American Civil War led to the end of slavery in the country. By the end of century, the United States extended into the Pacific Ocean. The Spanish–American War and World War I confirmed the status as a global military power. The end of the Cold War and the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991 left the United States as the sole superpower. The U. S. is a member of the United Nations, World Bank, International Monetary Fund, Organization of American States. The United States is a developed country, with the worlds largest economy by nominal GDP. It ranks highly in several measures of performance, including average wage, human development, per capita GDP. While the U. S. economy is considered post-industrial, characterized by the dominance of services and knowledge economy, the United States is a prominent political and cultural force internationally, and a leader in scientific research and technological innovations. In 1507, the German cartographer Martin Waldseemüller produced a map on which he named the lands of the Western Hemisphere America after the Italian explorer and cartographer Amerigo Vespucci
33.
Potential Breakup Song
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Potential Breakup Song is a song co-written and performed by American duo Aly & AJ, and is the first single from their second studio album, Insomniatic. It was a successful single in the summer and early fall of 2007, topping many video countdowns. At the time, was highest selling single by a Hollywood Records artist, time magazine ranked Potential Breakup Song the ninth best song of 2007. The song received positive reviews from music critics as well, many praising its lyrical content and its maturity. There are two versions of this song played on the radio, one is the official album version, which is played on mainstream radio, while a version with all of the violence and sexual innuendo removed is played on Radio Disney. In the chorus, in me, the edited version adds a to between gettin and me. In the middle-eight, in without me youre gonna die, die is replaced with cry, a departure from their earlier guitar-based sound, Potential Breakup Song is primarily a three-minute-and-thirty-nine-second pop song. It makes heavy use of vocal processing effects during the verses, Potential Breakup Song debuted at number 77 on the US Billboard Hot 100 on July 5,2007. The song peaked at number 17, becoming the groups best single performance on the Hot 100. As the song began to fall down the chart, dropping to number 50 about a month after its peak, the song recovered bounced back up to number 41 after Aly and AJ co-hosted MTVs TRL for one week. As of March 2009, the song has logged over 1,000,000 digital downloads in the United States, in the United Kingdom, the single was released to download on the October 1,2007, and debuted at number 33 on the UK Singles Chart. Following the release of the physical CD, the song peaked at number 22 in Britain. Digital Spy said that, by Disney Channel standards at least, Potential Breakup Song is fairly adventurous, riding its bassline and tango-inflected rhythm track to a chipper, synth-fueled chorus. The Celebrity Cafe said that the song has a melody to it that is perfect to be played in listeners’ dance clubs. TIME voted it the ninth best song of the year, describing it as winking pop that doesnt skimp on the hook. or the emotion. The single was released on Radio Disney on May 12,2007, the song was made available for sale on the US iTunes Store on June 26,2007, along with a pre-order offer for their second studio album, Insomniatic. The single was released digitally in the UK on October 1,2007, the album followed two weeks later on October 22. The song served as the groups second UK single when it was released in October, after their debut UK single, Chemicals React, failed to chart in the UK in May 2007
34.
Billboard Hot 100
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The Billboard Hot 100 is the music industry standard record chart in the United States for singles, published weekly by Billboard magazine. Chart rankings are based on sales, radio play and online streaming, the weekly sales period was originally Monday to Sunday, when Nielsen started tracking sales in 1991, but was changed to Friday to Thursday in July 2015. Radio airplay, which, unlike sales figures and streaming data, is available on a real-time basis. A new chart is compiled and officially released to the public by Billboard on Tuesdays, as of the issue for the week ending on April 15,2017, the Hot 100 has had 1,061 different number one hits. The current number one song is Shape of You by Ed Sheeran, prior to 1955, Billboard did not have a unified, all-encompassing popularity chart, instead measuring songs by individual metrics. At the start of the era in 1955, three such charts existed, Best Sellers in Stores was the first Billboard chart, established in 1936. This chart ranked the biggest selling singles in retail stores, as reported by merchants surveyed throughout the country, Most Played by Jockeys was Billboards original airplay chart. It ranked the most played songs on United States radio stations, as reported by radio disc jockeys, Most Played in Jukeboxes ranked the most played songs in jukeboxes across the United States. On the week ending November 12,1955, Billboard published The Top 100 for the first time, the Top 100 combined all aspects of a singles performance, based on a point system that typically gave sales more weight than radio airplay. The Best Sellers In Stores, Most Played by Jockeys and Most Played in Jukeboxes charts continued to be published concurrently with the new Top 100 chart. The week ending July 28,1958 was the publication of the Most Played By Jockeys and Top 100 charts. On August 4,1958, Billboard premiered one main all-genre singles chart, the Hot 100 quickly became the industry standard and Billboard discontinued the Best Sellers In Stores chart on October 13,1958. The Billboard Hot 100 is still the standard by which a songs popularity is measured in the United States, the Hot 100 is ranked by radio airplay audience impressions as measured by Nielsen BDS, sales data compiled by Nielsen Soundscan and streaming activity provided by online music sources. There are several component charts that contribute to the calculation of the Hot 100. Charts are ranked by number of gross audience impressions, computed by cross-referencing exact times of radio airplay with Arbitron listener data. Hot Singles Sales, the top selling singles compiled from a sample of retail store, mass merchant and internet sales reports collected, compiled. The chart is released weekly and measures sales of commercial singles. With the decline in sales of singles in the US
35.
McFly
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McFly is an English pop rock band formed in London in 2003. The band consists of Tom Fletcher, Danny Jones, Dougie Poynter and they were signed to Island Records from their 2004 launch until December 2007, before creating their own label, Super Records. McFly rose to fame after fellow band Busted helped launch them by inviting them to tour in 2004, in 2005, they won the Brit Award for Best British Pop Act. A month after the album was released, the band had their first UK headlining tour, the bands second album, Wonderland, which was released in 2005, also charted at number 1 in the UK making them the youngest band to have topped the UK album charts twice. Their third album, Motion in the Ocean, was released on 6 November 2006, McFly released their All the Greatest Hits compilation album on 5 November 2007, which charted at number 4 in the UK. The bands fourth album, Radio, Active, was given away for free as a supplement in the Mail on Sunday on 20 July 2008. Fifth album Above the Noise was released in November 2010 and charted at number 20, as of 2016, McFly have had 18 consecutive UK top 20 singles, seven of which reached number one in the UK Singles Chart and seventeen of which were consecutive top ten singles. The band have currently, based on BPI certifications, sold a minimum of 1.5 million records in the UK alone, in 2006, McFly appeared as themselves in the film Just My Luck, starring Lindsay Lohan and Chris Pine. They released a US album, Just My Luck, which was used as the films soundtrack. They have also performed at various charity projects such as Comic Relief, Children in Need, Live 8, Sport Relief, in November 2013, it was announced that McFly would be joining forces with Busted to form the supergroup McBusted. They played a 34-date tour with both Busted and McFly songs, the only member of the original groups not to participate in the new lineup was former Busted singer Charlie Simpson. After Simpsons return to Busted in November 2015, McFly made a return, in 2001, Tom Fletcher auditioned for Busted, but lost out on the place to Charlie Simpson. Fletcher was originally accepted as part of Busteds line-up, but Island Records went on to reassess the situation, while writing Busteds second album, A Present for Everyone, Fletcher was asked by the record label if he was available to film auditions for a new band, V. Fletcher was impressed with Jones unique style and so approached and invited him to write with himself, bassist Dougie Poynter and drummer Harry Judd were subsequently recruited via a classified advertisement in the NME magazine. McFlys early sound was surf/pop rock and their debut single,5 Colours in Her Hair, released 29 March 2004, entered the UK Singles Chart at number 1 in April 2004 and stayed there the following week. In July 2004 their second single, Obviously, also topped the charts and this was followed by the album Room on the 3rd Floor debuting at number 1 in the UK Albums Chart. It would go on to be certified platinum by the British Phonographic Industry. The idea for the name came from where Jones and Fletcher wrote most of the songs for the album
36.
Time (magazine)
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Time is an American weekly news magazine published in New York City. It was founded in 1923 and for decades was dominated by Henry Luce, a European edition is published in London and also covers the Middle East, Africa and, since 2003, Latin America. An Asian edition is based in Hong Kong, the South Pacific edition, which covers Australia, New Zealand and the Pacific Islands, is based in Sydney, Australia. In December 2008, Time discontinued publishing a Canadian advertiser edition, Time has the worlds largest circulation for a weekly news magazine, and has a readership of 26 million,20 million of which are based in the United States. As of 2012, it had a circulation of 3.3 million making it the eleventh most circulated magazine in the United States reception room circuit, as of 2015, its circulation was 3,036,602. Richard Stengel was the editor from May 2006 to October 2013. Nancy Gibbs has been the editor since October 2013. Time magazine was created in 1923 by Briton Hadden and Henry Luce, the two had previously worked together as chairman and managing editor respectively of the Yale Daily News. They first called the proposed magazine Facts and they wanted to emphasize brevity, so that a busy man could read it in an hour. They changed the name to Time and used the slogan Take Time–Its Brief and it set out to tell the news through people, and for many decades the magazines cover depicted a single person. More recently, Time has incorporated People of the Year issues which grew in popularity over the years, notable mentions of them were Barack Obama, Steve Jobs, Matej Turk, etc. The first issue of Time was published on March 3,1923, featuring Joseph G. Cannon, the retired Speaker of the House of Representatives, on its cover, a facsimile reprint of Issue No. 1, including all of the articles and advertisements contained in the original, was included with copies of the February 28,1938 issue as a commemoration of the magazines 15th anniversary. The cover price was 15¢ On Haddens death in 1929, Luce became the dominant man at Time, the Intimate History of a Publishing Enterprise 1923–1941. In 1929, Roy Larsen was also named a Time Inc. director, J. P. Morgan retained a certain control through two directorates and a share of stocks, both over Time and Fortune. Other shareholders were Brown Brothers W. A. Harriman & Co. the Intimate History of a Changing Enterprise 1957–1983. According to the September 10,1979 issue of The New York Times, after Time magazine began publishing its weekly issues in March 1923, Roy Larsen was able to increase its circulation by utilizing U. S. radio and movie theaters around the world. It often promoted both Time magazine and U. S. political and corporate interests, Larsen next arranged for a 30-minute radio program, The March of Time, to be broadcast over CBS, beginning on March 6,1931
37.
USA Today
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USA Today is an internationally distributed American daily middle-market newspaper that serves as the flagship publication of its owner, the Gannett Company. Founded by Al Neuharth on September 15,1982, it operates from Gannetts corporate headquarters on Jones Branch Drive in McLean, Virginia and it is printed at 37 sites across the United States and at five additional sites internationally. USA Today is distributed in all 50 states, the District of Columbia and Puerto Rico, with an international edition distributed in Canada, Asia and the Pacific Islands, Gannett formally announced the launch of the paper on April 20,1982. USA Today began publishing on September 15,1982, initially launching in the Baltimore and Washington, on July 2,1984, the newspaper switched from a largely black-and-white to a color publication, featuring full color photography and graphics in all four sections. On April 8,1985, the paper published its first special bonus section, a 12-page section called Baseball 85, on May 6,1986, USA Today began printing production of its international edition in Switzerland. On April 15, USA Today launched an international printing site. On August 28,1995, an international publishing site was launched in Frankfurt, Germany, to print. On October 4,1999, USA Today began running advertisements on its front page for the first time. The paper launched a sixth printing site for its international edition on May 15,2000, in Milan, Italy, followed on July 10 by the launch of a printing facility in Charleroi. That November, USA Today migrated its operations from Gannetts previous corporate headquarters in Arlington, in 2010, USA Today launched the USA Today API for sharing data with partners of all types. On August 27,2010, USA Today announced that it would undergo a reorganization of its newsroom and it also announced that the paper would shift its focus away from print and place more emphasis on its digital platforms and launch of a new publication called USA Today Sports. On September 14,2012, USA Today underwent the first major redesign in its history, to accomplish this goal, Gannett migrated its newspaper and television station websites to the Presto platform and the USA Today site design throughout 2013 and 2014. On January 4,2014, USA Today acquired the book and film review website, on September 3,2014, USA Today announced that it would lay off roughly 70 employees in a restructuring of its newsroom and business operations. In October 2014, USA Today and OpenWager Inc. entered into a partnership to release a Bingo app called USA TODAY Bingo Cruise, USA Today is known for synthesizing news down to easy-to-read-and-comprehend stories. In the main edition circulated in the United States and some Canadian cities, each consists of four sections, News, Money, Sports. The international edition of the paper features two sections, News and Money in one, with Sports and Life in the other, atypical of most daily newspapers, the paper does not print on Saturdays and Sundays, the Friday edition serves as the weekend edition. USA Today prints each complete story on the front page of the section with the exception of the cover story. The cover story is a story that requires a jump
38.
Del Shannon
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Del Shannon was an American rock and roll and country musician, and singer-songwriter who is best known for his 1961 No.1 Billboard hit Runaway. Westover was born in Grand Rapids, Michigan, and grew up in nearby Coopersville and he learned ukulele and guitar and listened to country and western music, including Hank Williams, Hank Snow, and Lefty Frizzell. He was drafted into the Army in 1954, and while in Germany played guitar in a band called The Cool Flames, when his service ended, he returned to Battle Creek, Michigan, and worked as a carpet salesman and as a truck driver in a furniture factory. He found part-time work as a rhythm guitarist in singer Doug DeMotts group called The Moonlight Ramblers, when DeMott was fired in 1958, Westover took over as leader and singer, giving himself the name Charlie Johnson and renaming the band into The Big Little Show Band. In early 1959 he added keyboardist Max Crook, who played the Musitron, Crook had made recordings, and he persuaded Ann Arbor disc jockey Ollie McLaughlin to hear the band. McLaughlin took the demos to Harry Balk and Irving Micahnik of Talent Artists in Detroit. In July 1960, Westover and Crook signed to recording artists. He flew to New York City, but his first sessions were not successful, McLaughlin then persuaded Shannon and Crook to rewrite and re-record one of their earlier songs, originally called Little Runaway, using the Musitron as lead instrument. On 21 January 1961, they recorded Runaway, which was released as a single in February 1961, reaching #1 in the Billboard chart in April. Shannon followed with Hats Off to Larry, which peaked at #5 and #2 on Cashbox in 1961, Runaway and Hats Off to Larry were recorded in a day. Little Town Flirt, in 1962, reached #12 in 1963, after these hits, Shannon was unable to keep his momentum in the U. S. but continued his success in England, where he had always been more popular. In 1963, he became the first American to record a version of a song by the Beatles. By August 1963, Shannons relationship with his managers and Bigtop had soured, so he formed his own label, Berlee Records, named after his parents and distributed by Diamond Records. Two singles were issued, the apparently Four Seasons-inspired Sues Gotta Be Mine was a hit, attaining #71 in the US. The second single, Thats the Way Love Is, did not chart, in early 1964, he was placed on Amy and the Berlee label disappeared. He returned to the charts immediately with Handy Man, Do You Wanna Dance. in late 1964, Shannon produced a demo recording session for a young fellow Michigander named Bob Seger, who would go on to stardom much later. Also in late 1964 Shannon paid tribute to one of his own musical idols with Del Shannon Sings Hank Williams, the album was recorded in hardcore country honky-tonk style and no singles were released. Shannon opened with Ike and Tina Turner at Dave Hulls Hullabaloo in Los Angeles, California, Shannon signed with Liberty in 1966 and revived Toni Fishers The Big Hurt and the Rolling Stones Under My Thumb
39.
Runaway (Del Shannon song)
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Runaway is a number-one Billboard Hot 100 song made famous by Del Shannon in 1961. It was written by Shannon and keyboardist Max Crook, and became an international hit. It is No.472 on Rolling Stones list of the 500 Greatest Songs of All Time, westover took the new stage name Del Shannon, and Crook, who had invented his own clavioline-based electric keyboard called a Musitron, became Maximilian. Other musicians on the record included Al Casamenti and Bucky Pizzarelli on guitar, Milt Hinton on bass, bill Ramall, who was the arranger for the session, also played baritone sax. After recording in A minor, producer Balk sped up the recording to pitch just below a B-flat minor, Runaway was released in February 1961 and was immediately successful. On April 10 of that year, Shannon appeared on Dick Clarks American Bandstand helping to catapult it to the one spot on the Billboard charts where it remained for four weeks. Two months later, it reached number one in the UK. On the R&B charts, Runaway peaked at number three, the song was #5 on the Billboard Hot 100 Year-End Chart in 1961. Appearing on David Letterman in 1986, Shannon reprised his hit backed by Paul Schaeffer and he was introduced as having sold as many as 80,000 singles of Runaway per day at its height. Del Shannon re-recorded it in 1967 as Runaway 67 and this version was issued as a single but failed to make the Hot 100. The song is sung from the point of view of a man whose lover has left him. She is mostly referred to in the person, but she is briefly addressed in the second person in the lyric wishin you were here by me. Directly referenced in the Tom Petty song Runnin Down a Dream, lyric, It was a beautiful day, the sun beat down, I had the radio on, I was driving. 56, while reaching No.5 in Hong Kong, elvis Presley covered the song while performing at the International Hotel in Las Vegas in August,1969, appearing on the album On Stage February,1970. During Presleys August 26,1969 Midnight Show, Presley performed Runaway and this performance was later released on Collectors Gold. Years later, Shannon would relate this story to Bob Costas on his late night television program, the Beach Boys in 1965 recorded a live version of Runaway in Chicago. This wasnt released till in 2013, on the box set, dave, a Dutch singer who sings in French, covered the song under the title Vanina, the song having been adapted by Patrick Loiseau. Dave also covered the song in German and Spanish, in 1975, Charlie Kulis, a schoolteacher from New York, reached #46 on the U. S. Billboard Hot 100 with his cover version, released on Playboy Records
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