This article describes anatomical terminology that is used to describe the central and peripheral nervous systems - including the brain, brainstem, spinal cord, and nerves.
The anatomical axes of orientation of the human brain are at odds with the anatomical axes of the human body in the standard anatomical position. Red axis shows how the head bent forward as the back pointed upwards: c: Caudal r: Rostral Yellow axes show the conventions for naming directions in the brain itself: c: Caudal (though not tail direction), d: Dorsal r: Rostral (effectively unchanged) v: Ventral (though not belly direction)
Anatomical axes, planes and localisations in the human brain. Three axes: d: Axial, Superior-inferior or Dorsoventral axis (yellow) l: Left-right, or Lateral axis (cyan, blue-green) m: Median, Antero-posterior or Rostral-to-caudal axis (magenta) Three major planes: A: Axial (blue), containing the lateral axis and also the Medial axis C: Coronal plane (green), containing the axial axis and the lateral axis S: Sagittal plane (red), containing the axial axis and the medial axis Also:
The optic chiasm in the human brain, showing pathways conveying information from the visual field of each eye to the contralateral visual cortex
Image of the human brain showing sulci, gyri, and fundi shown in a Coronal section.
Anatomical terms of motion
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Motion, the process of movement, is described using specific terms. Motion includes movement of organs, joints, limbs, and specific sections of the body. The terminology used describes this motion acc
Hyperextended finger in hypermobility spectrum disorder
Hyperextended thumb in hypermobility spectrum disorder
Flexion and extension
Abduction and adduction