Anbumani Ramadoss is an Indian politician from Tamil Nadu, The Secretary-General of the United Nations, Ban Ki-moon, described him as a "public health champion".[21] The President of India, Pranab Mukherjee, presented him with a memento of appreciation on 29 March 2014 at the inauguration of Rotary International's Polio-Free Conclave 2014 in New Delhi.[22] He was awarded with the Luther L. Terry Award by the American Cancer Society in 2006.[23][24] He received the World Health Organization Director General's Special Award for Leadership and Special Award for tobacco control in 2007.[25][26] Rotary International awarded Polio Eradication Champion Award in 2007. He is a member of the Rajya Sabha, the upper house of the Parliament of India and was the Minister of Health and Family Welfare in the First Manmohan Singh ministry from (2004–2009) as a part of the UPA government. He was elected to the Lok Sabha, the lower house of the Parliament of India from Dharmapuri, Tamil Nadu. He is also the president of the Pattali Makkal Katchi political party.

The Rajya Sabha, constitutionally the Council of States, is the upper house of the bicameral Parliament of India. As of 2023, it has a maximum membership of 250, of which 238 are elected by the legislatures of the states and union territories using single transferable votes through open ballots, while the president can appoint 12 members for their contributions to art, literature, science, and social service. The total allowed capacity is 250 according to article 80 of the Indian Constitution. The current potential seating capacity of the Rajya Sabha is 245, after the Jammu and Kashmir (Reorganisation) Act, 2019, the seats came down to 245. The maximum seats of 250 members can be filled up at the discretion and requirements of the house of Rajya Sabha.