Andrey Andreyevich Markov was a Russian mathematician best known for his work on stochastic processes. A primary subject of his research became known as Markov chains and Markov processes. Markov and his younger brother Vladimir Andreevich Markov proved the Markov brothers' inequality, his son, another Andrei Andreyevich Markov, was a notable mathematician, making contributions to constructive mathematics and recursive function theory. Andrey Markov was born on 14 June 1856 in Russia, he attended Petersburg Grammar. In his academics he performed poorly in most subjects other than mathematics. In life he attended Petersburg University, he completed his studies at the University and was asked if he would like to stay and have a career as a Mathematician. He taught at high schools and continued his own mathematical studies. In this time he found a practical use for his mathematical skills, he figured out that he could use chains to model the alliteration of vowels and consonants in Russian literature.
He contributed to many other mathematical aspects in his time. He died at age 66 on 20 July 1922. In 1877, Markov was awarded a gold medal for his outstanding solution of the problem About Integration of Differential Equations by Continued Fractions with an Application to the Equation d y d x = n. During the following year, he passed the candidate's examinations, he remained at the university to prepare for a lecturer's position. In April 1880, Markov defended his master's thesis "On the Binary Square Forms with Positive Determinant", encouraged by Aleksandr Korkin and Yegor Zolotarev. Four years in 1884, he defended his doctoral thesis titled "On Certain Applications of the Algebraic Continuous Fractions", his pedagogical work began after the defense of his master's thesis in autumn 1880. As a privatdozent he lectured on differential and integral calculus, he lectured alternately on "introduction to analysis", probability theory and the calculus of differences. From 1895 through 1905 he lectured in differential calculus.
One year after the defense of his doctoral thesis, Markov was appointed extraordinary professor and in the same year he was elected adjunct to the Academy of Sciences. In 1890, after the death of Viktor Bunyakovsky, Markov became an extraordinary member of the academy, his promotion to an ordinary professor of St. Petersburg University followed in the fall of 1894. In 1896, Markov was elected an ordinary member of the academy as the successor of Chebyshev. In 1905, he was appointed merited professor and was granted the right to retire, which he did immediately; until 1910, however, he continued to lecture in the calculus of differences. In connection with student riots in 1908, professors and lecturers of St. Petersburg University were ordered to monitor their students. Markov refused to accept this decree, he wrote an explanation in which he declined to be an "agent of the governance". Markov was removed from further teaching duties at St. Petersburg University, hence he decided to retire from the university.
Markov was an atheist. In 1912 he protested Leo Tolstoy's excommunication from the Russian Orthodox Church by requesting his own excommunication; the Church complied with his request. In 1913, the council of St. Petersburg elected nine scientists honorary members of the university. Markov was among them; the affirmation only occurred four years after the February Revolution in 1917. Markov resumed his teaching activities and lectured on probability theory and the calculus of differences until his death in 1922. Karl-Georg Steffens; the History of Approximation Theory: From Euler to Bernstein. Springer Science & Business Media. Pp. 98–105. ISBN 978-0-8176-4475-8. А. А. Марков. "Распространение закона больших чисел на величины, зависящие друг от друга". "Известия Физико-математического общества при Казанском университете", 2-я серия, том 15, с. 135–156, 1906. A. A. Markov. "Extension of the limit theorems of probability theory to a sum of variables connected in a chain". Reprinted in Appendix B of: R. Howard.
Dynamic Probabilistic Systems, volume 1: Markov Chains. John Wiley and Sons, 1971. Pavlyk, Oleksandr. "Centennial of Markov Chains". Wolfram Blog. Andrei Andreyevich Markov at the Mathematics Genealogy Project Works by or about Andrey Markov in libraries
The Bakuman anime series is based on the manga series of the same name, written by Tsugumi Ohba and illustrated by Takeshi Obata. The anime is directed by Ken'ichi Kasai, animated by J. C. Staff, produced by NHK; the episodes follow Moritaka Mashiro and Akito Takagi as they attempt to create a popular manga to be made into an anime. A 25-episode anime television series aired between October 2, 2010 and April 2, 2011 on the television network NHK. In March 2011, airing was delayed one week due to tsunami. A second season aired 25 episodes between October 1, 2011 and March 24, 2012. A third season began airing on October 6, 2012, ended on March 30, 2013 after 25 episodes; the first season uses three pieces of music: two ending themes. The opening theme is "Blue Bird" by Kobukuro; the first ending theme is "Bakurock: Mirai no Rinkakusen" by Ya-kyim, the second ending theme is "Genjitsu to Iu Na no Kaibutsu to Tatakau Monotachi by Yu Takahashi. The second season has three pieces of music: one opening theme and two ending themes.
The opening theme is "Dream of Life" by Shuhei Itou. The first ending is "Monochrome Rainbow" by Tommy heavenly6 and the second ending is "Parallel=" by Fumiya Sashida; the third season has four pieces of music: two ending themes. The first opening theme is "Moshimo no Hanashi" by Nano Ripe and the second opening is "23:40" by Hyadain feat. Base Ball Bear; the first ending theme is "Pride on Everyday" by Sphere and the second ending theme is "Yume Sketch" by JAM Project. The series uses several themes for fictional anime series: "Chou Hero Densetsu" by Hironobu Kageyama, opening of "Super Hero Legend".
100 Wayz is the seventh studio album by rap group Tha Dogg Pound. It was scheduled to be released after their 2007 release, Dogg Chit, their sixth album, That Was Then, This Is Now was released instead. 100 Wayz was released on August 17, 2010 but Amazon.com put it up for pre-order sale three weeks earlier on July 27, 2010. After waiting two years to release 100 Wayz through Koch Records, Tha Dogg Pound left Koch and began working on That Was Then, This Is Now. Daz Dillinger criticized Alan Grunblatt in recent interviews and mixtapes, ruling out any future releases through Koch Records; however he stated that 100 Wayz would still be coming out, but with new and unleaked material. The original singles and several tracks that were promoting the 100 Wayz album during 2008 and early 2009 were now included on That Was Then, This Is Now. On 1 December 2009, Daz gave a preview of his new single for the 100 Wayz album, called "sky'z tha limit", which Soopafly & Daz on the productions. Daz announced there would be 16 brand new tracks on the 100 Wayz album, it would be released in 2010 through major distribution, executive produced by Snoop Dogg, as well as released through the Doggystyle Records imprint.
Daz and Kurupt stated in a 2008 interview with DubCNN, that the album will feature Krayzie Bone on a song called Money Foldin, as well as Cassidy on a remix of the Daz song I'm From The Hood. They've done a track with Pharrell called Cheat; these tracks were moved to the album That Was Then, This Is Now
The Philip Nice House is a single-family home located at 321 Center Street in Mason, Michigan. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1985. Philip Nice was born in Lautersheim, Germany in 1832, emigrated to the United States at the age of seventeen, he arrived in Mason in 1861, lived outside the city working as a farmer. He was involved in lumbering and gravel extraction. In 1867, he had this house built for his family; the Nices lived here until 1883, when the house was purchased by Elisha and Betsy Bennett, who owned a business block in downtown Mason. The Philip Nice House is a brick Upright and Wing house with a two-story upright and a single-story wing, it has sloping roofs with wide frieze boards. The windows are four-over-four units topped with brick voussoir segmental arches and flanked with shutters; the side wing has an entryway through an early twentieth-century porch with a pedimented roof supported by round, tapered columns
Sons of Satan Motorcycle Club, known locally as The Sons, is an outlaw motorcycle club and support club for the Pagan's Motorcycle Club. It was formed in 1949 and incorporated in 1954 in Lancaster, Pennsylvania by returning World War II veterans; the club was taken over by its namesake, John'Satan' Marron, who became the National President of the Pagan's Motorcycle Club. Marron is thought to be the one that converted The Sons from a friendly, family-oriented club into a violent outlaw motorcycle gang; the Sons of Satan were the dominant motorcycle club in Central Pennsylvania, with over 100 members from Lancaster County and surrounding areas. During the 1960s, The Pagans began moving north into Central Pennsylvania which sparked a brief conflict between the two clubs; the conflict was resolved when Sons of Satan President John Marron and Pagans' President Fred'Dutch' Burhans formally met and became close friends. Marron and a few select Sons members soon moved over to the Pagans while the remaining Sons were allowed to continue their club under Pagan oversight.
Marron was imprisoned after being convicted of maiming and homicide charges in the mid 1970s. Sons members wear a diamond shaped patch with the letter "P", as opposed to the traditional "1%" diamond patch; this is to signify their allegiance to the Pagans whilst retaining their outlaw status among the biker community. On December 13, 2002, the Sons of Satan clubhouse was destroyed by a pipe bomb explosion while the building was unattended. Although authorities believe it to be the work of rival motorcycle gang, the Hells Angels, the case has yet to be solved. After multiple attempts to deny and delay permits by the local zoning commission, the clubhouse was rebuilt
The Magic Roundabout is a 2005 French-British computer-animated adventure fantasy film based on the television series The Magic Roundabout. The film features the voices of Tom Baker, Jim Broadbent, Joanna Lumley, Ian McKellen, Bill Nighy, Robbie Williams, Kylie Minogue, Ray Winstone and Lee Evans; the wizard Zebedee, a red jack-in-the-box-like creature, is having a nightmare about the ice villain named Zeebad. Dougal the well-meaning cheeky, slacker dog places a tack in the road to pop a sweet cart's tyre, hoping to be rewarded with sweets for watching the cart. After the driver goes for help, Dougal accidentally crashes the cart into the magic roundabout at the centre of the village. Zeebad, the evil blue ice jack in the box-like creature, emerges from the top and flies away, followed by a Foot Guard figurine thrown off the roundabout; the roundabout freezes over, trapping repairman Mr. Rusty, Dougal's young owner Florence, two other children within an icy cell; the horrified villagers, who are all animals, call upon Zebedee for help.
He explains. With it broken, Zeebad is free to work his magic on the world again as he once did before by starting the Ice Age; the only way to stop Zeebad freezing the world is by collecting three magic diamonds. Slotting the diamonds onto the roundabout will re-imprison Zeebad and undo his magic, but if Zeebad retrieves them first their power will allow him to freeze the Sun itself. Zebedee sends Dougal, Brian the cynical snail, Ermintrude the opera-singing cow and Dylan the hippie rabbit, to accomplish this mission along with a magic train. Meanwhile, Zeebad crash lands after escaping the roundabout, animates the Foot Guard figurine, Sam the Soldier, to help him find the enchanted diamonds. Meanwhile, Zebedee's fellowship makes camp in the icy mountains. Dougal is captured by Zeebad. Ermintrude breaks him out of his prison. Zebedee shows up to battle Zeebad but loses the battle with Zeebad freezing him and collapsing the cliff on which he stands. Mourning for their friend and his friends embark to recover the diamonds.
This task takes them to a lava-bordered volcano and an ancient temple filled with booby-traps and evil skeleton guards, but Zeebad captures both the diamonds from these respective locations. The gang are forced along the way to leave an injured Train behind, leaving them to return to the village on foot through the snowy barren wasteland the world is now freezing into. Zeebad, after having abandoned Sam the Soldier to die wounded in the snow, beats the gang to the now-frozen village, but is unable to find the third diamond anywhere. Sam arrives on an elk, having realised his true duty is to protect the roundabout against Zeebad, he tries to make a stand but is defeated. Having learned Sam was in fact on the roundabout, Zeebad discovers that the third diamond is and always was hidden inside Sam, removes it from him. Zeebad, with all three diamonds now in his possession, uses them to freeze the world by freezing the Sun. However, the gang reach the village, get to the diamonds, put them into their places on the roundabout until only the third diamond is left.
Though Zeebad beats the gang to the diamond and secures his victory, the timely arrival of a healed Train knocks the diamond out of Zeebad's reach and gives Dougal the chance to place it in the roundabout's final slot. Zeebad is now re-imprisoned, the world is thawed, Zebedee is restored to his friends, villagers are freed. Of those trapped in the roundabout, a comatose Florence is revived by Dougal; as everyone goes for a ride on the roundabout, they discover it does not work because Sam is lifeless. At this point, Sam is restored and reverted to his inanimate form, placed back on the roundabout which functions once again. Dougal now realises the true value of his friends and the good qualities of selflessness and humility. On Rotten Tomatoes, the UK version of the film received an aggregate score of 60% based on five reviews. According to William H. Macy, Harvey Weinstein decided to do an American version. On 24 February 2006, the film was released in the United States as Doogal, was produced by The Weinstein Company.
In the United States version, where audiences are not as familiar with the series, the majority of the British cast's voice work was dubbed by American celebrities such as Chevy Chase, Jimmy Fallon, Whoopi Goldberg, William H. Macy, Kevin Smith and Jon Stewart. Daniel Tay plays the titular character in the United States dub. Only two original voices remained those of Kylie Minogue and Ian McKellen, however, re-voiced her own lines with an American accent; the United States version features Daniel Tay, Bill Hader and Judi Dench. Writer Butch Hartman rewrote the dialogue in the film to make it more appealing to American audiences, but in the end, most of his rewrites were discarded by producer Harvey Weinstein, instead, the final version had numerous references to popular culture and flatulence jokes, which were not in his initial script. Hartman revealed in a 2017 interview during the Weinstein scand