1.
Annu Kapoor
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Annu Kapoor, is an Indian film actor and television presenter best remembered for hosting the vocal reality show Antakshari from 1993 to 2006 and his roles in Vicky Donor and Jolly LLB2. He received Filmfare award as well as National Film Award for Best Supporting Actor for Vicky Donor, Annu Kapoor was born in Itwara, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, on 20 February 1956, to Madanlal, a Punjabi father and Kamal, a Bengali mother. His father owned a travelling Parsi theatre company performed in cities and towns, and his mother was a poet. His grandfather Dr Kripa Ram Kapoor was a doctor in the British Army and his great grandfather Lala Ganga Ram Kapoor, due to poor financial circumstances, he had to quit school following secondary education. With a salary of Template, INRnmnm 40, his mother worked as a teacher, on his fathers insistence, he joined his theatre company. Following a stint there, he joined National School of Drama in 1976, after his brother Ranjit Kapoor, who was already a student there insisted. After graduating from the National School Of Drama and a stint with its repertory company, in 1981. Film director Shyam Benegal who saw Kapoor perform, sent him a letter of appreciation and signed him for his 1983 film, Kapoor began his career as a stage actor in 1979 and was noticed in 1982s Ek Ruka Hua Faisla, directed by elder brother Ranjeet. Annu made his debut in Mandi in 1983. His career has spanned over 30 years, including Bollywood cinema, television serials, Kapoor is best remembered for hosting the singing show Antakshari – The Great Challenge, produced by Zee TV. His performance as an obsessive-compulsive sperm-bank physician in 2012s Vicky Donor met with critical, Annu Kapoor has also appeared in Yamla Pagla Deewana 2. In 2007, Antakshari – The National Challenge was relaunched on Star One, the previous year, its final episode was telecast, the programmes initial run was from 1993 to 2006. Currently, he does a radio programme on 92.7 Big FM called Suhaana Safar with Annu Kapoor on 92.7 Big FM and its a daily show that features Nationally on the radio networks covering all Hindi speaking radio stations across the country. He recreates the magic of the Golden era with unforgettable melodies of that era and untold stories of the stars, the show comes with the tagline Filmy Duniya Ki Kahi Ankahi Kahaniya. Kapoors entire family is associated with art and patriotism and his mother, Kamal Shabnam Kapoor, was a poet, teacher and scholar of Urdu, Arabic and Persian, few people with her background have mastered those three languages. Kamal was also fluent in Punjabi, Gujarati, Marathi, Marwadi, Kapoor has promoted Indias positive aspects in his programmes. His elder brother, Ranjit, is a director and screenwriter and his sister, Seema, is a producer, kapoors younger brother, Nikhil, is a writer and lyricist. Annu has four children from two marriages and his wife, Anupama, is American by birth
2.
Bombay
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Mumbai is the capital city of the Indian state of Maharashtra. It is the most populous city in India and the ninth most populous agglomeration in the world, Mumbai lies on the west coast of India and has a deep natural harbour. In 2008, Mumbai was named a world city. It is also the wealthiest city in India, and has the highest GDP of any city in South, West, Mumbai has the highest number of billionaires and millionaires among all cities in India. The seven islands that came to constitute Mumbai were home to communities of fishing colonies, during the mid-18th century, Bombay was reshaped by the Hornby Vellard project, which undertook reclamation of the area between the seven islands from the sea. Along with construction of roads and railways, the reclamation project, completed in 1845. Bombay in the 19th century was characterised by economic and educational development, during the early 20th century it became a strong base for the Indian independence movement. Upon Indias independence in 1947 the city was incorporated into Bombay State, in 1960, following the Samyukta Maharashtra movement, a new state of Maharashtra was created with Bombay as the capital. Mumbai is the financial, commercial and entertainment capital of India and it is also home to some of Indias premier scientific and nuclear institutes like BARC, NPCL, IREL, TIFR, AERB, AECI, and the Department of Atomic Energy. The city also houses Indias Hindi and Marathi film and television industry, Mumbais business opportunities, as well as its potential to offer a higher standard of living, attract migrants from all over India, making the city a melting pot of many communities and cultures. The oldest known names for the city are Kakamuchee and Galajunkja, in 1508, Portuguese writer Gaspar Correia used the name Bombaim, in his Lendas da Índia. This name possibly originated as the Old Portuguese phrase bom baim, meaning good little bay, in 1516, Portuguese explorer Duarte Barbosa used the name Tana-Maiambu, Tana appears to refer to the adjoining town of Thane and Maiambu to Mumbadevi. Other variations recorded in the 16th and the 17th centuries include, Mombayn, Bombay, Bombain, Bombaym, Monbaym, Mombaim, Mombaym, Bambaye, Bombaiim, Bombeye, Boon Bay, and Bon Bahia. After the English gained possession of the city in the 17th century, Ali Muhammad Khan, imperial diwan or revenue minister of the Gujarat province, in the Mirat-i-Ahmedi referred to the city as Manbai. By the late 20th century, the city was referred to as Mumbai or Mambai in the Indian statewise official languages of Marathi, Konkani, Gujarati, Kannada and Sindhi, the Government of India officially changed the English name to Mumbai in November 1995. According to Slate magazine, they argued that Bombay was a corrupted English version of Mumbai, Slate also said The push to rename Bombay was part of a larger movement to strengthen Marathi identity in the Maharashtra region. A resident of Mumbai is called mumbaikar in the Marathi language, the term has been in use for quite some time but it gained popularity after the official name change to Mumbai. Mumbai is built on what was once an archipelago of seven islands, Bombay Island, Parel, Mazagaon, Mahim, Colaba, Worli and it is not exactly known when these islands were first inhabited
3.
Bombay State
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Bombay State was a large Indian state created at the time of Indias Independence, with other regions being added to it in the succeeding years. Bombay Presidency was merged with the states of the Baroda, Western India and Gujarat and Deccan States (which included parts of the present-day Indian states of Maharashtra. On May 1,1960, Bombay State was dissolved and split on linguistic lines into the two states of Gujarat, with Gujarati speaking population and Maharashtra, with a largely Marathi speaking population. During the British Raj, portions of the western coast of India under direct British rule were part of the Bombay Presidency, in 1937, the Bombay Presidency became a province of British India. After India gained independence in 1947, Bombay Presidency became part of India, the territory retained by India was restructured into Bombay State. It included princely states such as Kolhapur in Deccan, and Baroda and the Dangs in Gujarat, which had been under the political influence of the former Bombay Presidency. As a result of the States Reorganisation Act on 1 November 1956, the Kannada-speaking districts of Belgaum, Bijapur, Dharwar, the Bombay state was being referred to by the local inhabitants as Maha Dwibhashi Rajya, meaning, the great bilingual state. In the 1957 elections, the Samyukta Maharashtra movement opposed these proposals, Bombay State was finally dissolved with the formation of Maharashtra and Gujarat states on May 1,1960. Following protests of Samyukta Maharashtra Movement, in which 105 people were killed by police, gujarati-speaking areas of Bombay State were partitioned into the state of Gujarat following Mahagujarat Movement
4.
India
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India, officially the Republic of India, is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by area, the second-most populous country, and it is bounded by the Indian Ocean on the south, the Arabian Sea on the southwest, and the Bay of Bengal on the southeast. It shares land borders with Pakistan to the west, China, Nepal, and Bhutan to the northeast, in the Indian Ocean, India is in the vicinity of Sri Lanka and the Maldives. Indias Andaman and Nicobar Islands share a border with Thailand. The Indian subcontinent was home to the urban Indus Valley Civilisation of the 3rd millennium BCE, in the following millennium, the oldest scriptures associated with Hinduism began to be composed. Social stratification, based on caste, emerged in the first millennium BCE, early political consolidations took place under the Maurya and Gupta empires, the later peninsular Middle Kingdoms influenced cultures as far as southeast Asia. In the medieval era, Judaism, Zoroastrianism, Christianity, and Islam arrived, much of the north fell to the Delhi sultanate, the south was united under the Vijayanagara Empire. The economy expanded in the 17th century in the Mughal empire, in the mid-18th century, the subcontinent came under British East India Company rule, and in the mid-19th under British crown rule. A nationalist movement emerged in the late 19th century, which later, under Mahatma Gandhi, was noted for nonviolent resistance, in 2015, the Indian economy was the worlds seventh largest by nominal GDP and third largest by purchasing power parity. Following market-based economic reforms in 1991, India became one of the major economies and is considered a newly industrialised country. However, it continues to face the challenges of poverty, corruption, malnutrition, a nuclear weapons state and regional power, it has the third largest standing army in the world and ranks sixth in military expenditure among nations. India is a constitutional republic governed under a parliamentary system. It is a pluralistic, multilingual and multi-ethnic society and is home to a diversity of wildlife in a variety of protected habitats. The name India is derived from Indus, which originates from the Old Persian word Hindu, the latter term stems from the Sanskrit word Sindhu, which was the historical local appellation for the Indus River. The ancient Greeks referred to the Indians as Indoi, which translates as The people of the Indus, the geographical term Bharat, which is recognised by the Constitution of India as an official name for the country, is used by many Indian languages in its variations. Scholars believe it to be named after the Vedic tribe of Bharatas in the second millennium B. C. E and it is also traditionally associated with the rule of the legendary emperor Bharata. Gaṇarājya is the Sanskrit/Hindi term for republic dating back to the ancient times, hindustan is a Persian name for India dating back to the 3rd century B. C. E. It was introduced into India by the Mughals and widely used since then and its meaning varied, referring to a region that encompassed northern India and Pakistan or India in its entirety
5.
University of Mumbai
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The University of Mumbai, also known as MU, is one of the first state universities of India and the oldest in Maharashtra. The University of Mumbai offers Bachelors, Masters and Doctoral courses, as well as diplomas, the language of instruction for most courses is English. The University of Mumbai has three campuses across Mumbai and one outside Mumbai, the Fort campus carries out administrative work only. Several institutes in Mumbai previously affiliated to the university are now autonomous institutes or universities, the University of Mumbai is one of the largest universities in the world. In 2011, the number of enrolled students was 549,432. The University of Mumbai currently has 711 affiliated colleges, the University of Mumbai was modeled on similar universities in the United Kingdom, specifically the University of London. The first departments established were the Faculty of Arts at Elphinstone College in 1835, both colleges existed before the university was founded and surrendered their degree-granting privileges to the university. The first degrees awarded in 1862 were Bachelor of Arts and Licentiate in Medicine, initially, the Town Hall in Mumbai was used as the universitys offices. Until 1904, the university only conducted examinations, awarded affiliations to colleges, developed curricula, teaching departments, research disciplines and post-graduate courses were introduced from 1904 and several additional departments were established. After India achieved independence in 1947, the functions and powers of the university were re-organised under The Bombay University Act of 1953, the name of the University was changed from University of Bombay to University of Mumbai in 1996. In 1949, student enrolment was 42,272 with 80 affiliated colleges, by 1975, these numbers had grown to 156,190 and 114 respectively. The Kalina campus in suburban Mumbai covers an area of 93 hectares and houses graduate training, departments offering courses in the sciences, technology, commerce, and humanities are located here. Most colleges of engineering and medicine affiliated to the University of Mumbai, the university does not have its own engineering or medicine departments. Centres and institutes located in the Kalina Campus include, Examination House, centralized assessment of answer books for various departments is carried out in a separate four-storey annex. Examination processes were more efficient by the introduction of online delivery of question papers for examinations. The academic depository of the university was started in collaboration with CDSL in 2015, the university is the first university in the country to start an academic depository. National Centre for Nanosciences and Nanotechnology—a research facility, department of Biophysics—the only such department in western India. MAST FM, the radio station of the university operating at 107.8 MHz frequency modulation
6.
Sonam Kapoor
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Sonam Kapoor is an Indian actress who appears in Bollywood films. Kapoor has established a career in Bollywood, is one of the actresses in the industry and is the recipient of several awards, including a Filmfare. Starting in 2012, she appeared in Forbes Indias Celebrity 100 based on her income, the daughter of actor Anil Kapoor, Kapoor studied theatre and arts at the United World College of South East Asia in Singapore. She was an assistant director to Sanjay Leela Bhansali on the 2005 film Black, Kapoor made her acting debut in Bhansalis romantic drama Saawariya, for which she was nominated for a Filmfare Award for Best Female Debut. She had her first commercial success three years later in the romantic comedy I Hate Luv Storys, after a series of commercial failures, the sleeper hit Raanjhanaa marked a turning point in her career, earning her several Best Actress nominations. She then featured in the 2014 romantic comedy Khoobsurat and the 2015 comedy drama Dolly Ki Doli, Kapoor played a princess in the melodrama Prem Ratan Dhan Payo, one of the highest-grossing Bollywood films of all time. Kapoor supports various charities and causes, such as raising awareness of breast cancer and she is known in the media for her outspoken personality, is frequently credited as one of Bollywoods most fashionable celebrities, and is a prominent celebrity endorser for brands and products. Kapoor was born in the Mumbai suburb of Chembur on 9 June 1985 and her father is actor and producer Anil Kapoor, the son of the late filmmaker Surinder Kapoor and the founder of the Anil Kapoor Films Company. Her mother, Sunita, is a model and designer. Kapoor has two siblings, film producer Rhea and brother Harshvardhan. She is the niece of film producer Boney Kapoor and actor Sanjay Kapoor, actress Sridevi, Kapoors paternal cousins are actors Arjun Kapoor and Mohit Marwah, and maternal cousin is actor Ranveer Singh. The family moved to the suburb of Juhu when Kapoor was one month old and she was educated at the Arya Vidya Mandir school in Juhu, where she confessed to being a naughty and carefree child who would bully the boys. She excelled at such as rugby and basketball, and trained in Kathak, classical music. Kapoor, who practices Hinduism, states that she is religious. Kapoors first job was as a waitress at age 15, although it lasted only a week, as a teenager, she struggled with her weight, I had every issue related to weight that I could have. I was unhealthy, I had bad skin, and I had hair growing on my face, Kapoor was diagnosed with insulin resistance and polycystic ovarian disease, and has since begun an initiative to increase awareness of diabetes. Kapoor enrolled at the United World College of South East Asia in Singapore for her pre-university education, the actress Rani Mukerji, a family friend, visited her family in Singapore on holiday while working on Black. Kapoor, who had wanted to be a director and writer
7.
Rhea Kapoor
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Rhea Kapoor is an Indian film producer. Her cousins are actors Arjun Kapoor and Mohit Marwah and she produced Rajshree Ojhas film Aisha, which starred her sister Sonam and Abhay Deol in leading roles. She has also produced Khoobsurat, directed by Shashanka Ghosh, which is an remake of Hrishikesh Mukherjee directed film by the same name. Kapoor will be producing Battle for Bittora in 2017, the film is currently in its pre-production stage. 2010 Aisha 2014 Khoobsurat 2015 Overkill Mafia 2015 Solid Penny 2017 Veere Di Wedding 2017 Solid Penny Returns 2017 Battle for Bittora Rhea Kapoor at the Internet Movie Database
8.
Harshvardhan Kapoor
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Harshvardhan Kapooor in an Indian actor. He is son of actor Anil Kapoor and Sunita kapoor and he is sibiling of actress Sonam Kapoor and producer Rhea Kapoor Harshvardhan made his acting debut with Rakesh Omprakash Mehras movie Mirzya opposite actress Saiyami Kher. Before acting he has worked with Anurag Kashyaps Bombay Velvet as assistant director and he is expected to do his second film with Vikramaditya Motwane titled Bhavesh Joshi. Harshvardhan Kapoor at the Internet Movie Database
9.
List of Hindi film clans
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Within the Hindi film industry, commonly known as Bollywood, there is a common, recurring theme of many members of a family participating in the film industry. This page lists some of the clans and their noteworthy members. For South Indian film families, see List of South Indian film families and for Indian music families, Akhtar family is considered to be one of the most prominent film clan in Hindi film Industry. It consists of poets, authors, script writer, directors, actors, poet, author, philosopher and one of the main member in Indian Rebellion of 1857, Fazl-e-Haq Khairabadi was great great grand father of Javed Akhtar. Muztar Khairabadi an Indian Urdu poet was grand son of Fazl-e-Haq Khairabadi, lyricist Javed Akhtar married the script writer Honey Irani. His second wife was actress Shabana Azmi, azmis nieces are actresses Farah Naaz and Tabu. Farhan and Zoya Akhtars cousins are Farah and Sajid Khan, Akkineni Nageswara Rao and Daggubati Ramanaidu are the prominent heads of both families. Akkineni Nageswara Rao Akkineni Nagarjuna Akkineni Naga Chaitanya Amala Akhil Akkineni Sumanth Sushanth D, another member of the family is internationally known director Shekhar Kapur, who is known for directing the film Elizabeth. He was married to actress Suchitra Krishnamurthy and his first wife was Nadira Babbar, who became known with her appearance in Bride and Prejudice with Aishwarya Rai. Their children are Arya Babbar and Juhi Babbar, both have ventured into the film industry. Rajs second wife was actress Smita Patil and she died giving birth to their only child in 1986. Her son Prateek made his debut in 2008 film Jaane Tu Ya Jaane Na. He began Rajshri Productions in the late 1940s, tarachand Barjatya had three sons, Kamal Kumar Barjatya, Raj Kumar Barjatya, and Ajit Kumar Barjatya, all of whom were active in bringing the Rajshri empire to great heights. The company is now led by the generation of Barjatyas, namely, Kavita K. Barjatya, Sooraj R. Barjatya. Tarachand Barjatya Kavita K. Barjatya Sooraj R. k. a and his son Ram Charan also acted in lead role of remake in Amitabh Bachachans Blockbuster Zanjeer. Allu Arjun also acted in some of Hindi ads and became familiar to Hindi film Industry. R, Films in 1947, which is now managed and run by his son Ravi Chopra, who was also a director and a producer. Dharam Raj Chopra, was an ace cinematographer, worked for BR Films only, Most of the films of BR were cinemotograph by Dharam Chopra, Raj Chopra, the Second youngest brother, distributed and Managed production of several hits for B. R. Films, Distributed many hit films under banner of RAAJ FILMS & Magnum Films, Yash Chopra, the youngest brother, directed and produced several hits for B. R
10.
Film producer
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Film producers fill a variety of roles depending upon the type of producer. During the discovery stage, the producer has to find and acknowledge promising material, then, unless the film is supposed to be based on an original script, the producer has to find an appropriate screenwriter. For various reasons, producers cannot always supervise all of the production, in this case, the main producer may appoint executive producers, line producers, or unit production managers who represent the main producers interests. The producer has the last word on whether sounds or music have to be changed and they are in charge of selling the film or arranging distribution rights as well. The producers role can vary significantly from project to project, based on the circumstances and they generally are in charge of things like hiring staff, creating filming schedules, checking and approving locations, and much more. Producers are present in every genre of television and film. Although each genre might be different from each other, a producers role and job is the same throughout each. A producer from a program can be compared to a producer of a filmmaker despite how different each genre can be. Although the primary role of the producer can be compared to that of a filmmaker, the roles are very wide ranging, due to the fact that this occupation has gone through an enormous amount of stages and phases as time went on. Today, in most cases the roles range from supervising the editing process to hiring the main staff. The producer has an amount of power in every single aspect of the production process. They are never left out and are involved in every single stage of the production. There are times when a producer can try and find promising material to either a feature film or a television program. If a producer decides to do this, it is usually done in the discovery stage, the discovery stage is when a producer is actively looking for a variety of ideas, concepts, and/or promising scripts that he/she could make into a show and/or film. In this stage, a power may even stretch to gathering workers for the selected project. Even though a producer today can have a range of roles within the field. Within the industry, there are different types of producers who are only designated to specific roles such as controlling the staff. For example, to oversee and manage all aspects of production the role may be filled by the line producer
11.
Bollywood
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Bollywood is the sobriquet for Indias Hindi language film industry, based in the city of Mumbai, Maharashtra. It is more formally referred to as Hindi cinema, Bollywood is also one of the largest centers of film production in the world. Furthermore, Bollywood is one of the biggest film industries in the world in terms of the number of people employed, according to Matusitz, J. & Payano, P. In 2011, over 3.5 billion tickets were sold across the globe which in comparison is 900,000 tickets more than Hollywood, Bollywood produced 252 films in 2014 out of a total of 1969 films produced in Indian cinema. The name Bollywood is a derived from Bombay, India, and Hollywood, California. Bollywood does not exist as a physical place, some deplore the name, arguing that it makes the industry look like a poor cousin to Hollywood. The naming scheme for Bollywood was inspired by Tollywood, the name that was used to refer to the cinema of West Bengal and it was this chance juxtaposition of two pairs of rhyming syllables, Holly and Tolly, that led to the portmanteau name Tollywood being coined. However, Tollywood is now used popularly to refer to the Telugu Film Industry in Telangana & Andhra Pradesh, the term Bollywood itself has origins in the 1970s, when India overtook America as the worlds largest film producer. Credit for the term has been claimed by different people, including the lyricist, filmmaker and scholar Amit Khanna. Raja Harishchandra, by Dadasaheb Phalke, is known as the first silent feature film made in India, by the 1930s, the industry was producing over 200 films per annum. The first Indian sound film, Ardeshir Iranis Alam Ara, was a commercial success. There was clearly a huge market for talkies and musicals, Bollywood, the 1930s and 1940s were tumultuous times, India was buffeted by the Great Depression, World War II, the Indian independence movement, and the violence of the Partition. Most Bollywood films were unabashedly escapist, but there were also a number of filmmakers who tackled tough social issues, in 1937, Ardeshir Irani, of Alam Ara fame, made the first colour film in Hindi, Kisan Kanya. The next year, he made another film, a version of Mother India. However, colour did not become a feature until the late 1950s. At this time, lavish romantic musicals and melodramas were the fare at the cinema. Following Indias independence, the period from the late 1940s to the 1960s is regarded by historians as the Golden Age of Hindi cinema. Some of the most critically acclaimed Hindi films of all time were produced during this period, examples include the Guru Dutt films Pyaasa and Kaagaz Ke Phool and the Raj Kapoor films Awaara, Shree 420 and Dilip Kumars Aan
12.
Filmfare Awards
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The Filmfare Awards are presented annually by The Times Group to honour both artistic and technical excellence of professionals in the Hindi language film industry of India. The Filmfare ceremony is one of the oldest film events in India, the awards were first introduced in 1954, the same year as the National Film Awards. They were initially referred to as the Clare Awards or The Clares after Clare Mendonca, a dual voting system was developed in 1956. The ceremony had been sponsored by private organisations in the past as well as in present provisions. During several years in 1990s, a ceremony was broadcast to television audiences but was later discontinued due to unknown reasons. Presently, a recorded and a version of the awards ceremony is televised on SET a week or two after the ceremony has been held. There is no data statistics recorded in reference to T, the Filmfare Awards have been often referred to as the Hindi film industrys equivalent to The Oscars. Filmfare Marathi Awards are also started few years back which gives awards to Marathi films, the Filmfare awards were first introduced in 1954. The Clares was the name of the award ceremony, named after The Times of India critic Clare Mendonca. Readers of Filmfare were polled to decide the winners, and over 20,000 readers spread throughout India participated in the polls, trophies were given to winners of the popular vote. In the first awards function, held on 21 March 1954 at the Metro Theatre of Mumbai, only five awards were presented, Best Film, Best Director, Best Actor, Best Actress, and Best Music Director. Do Bigha Zameen was the first movie to win the award for Best Film. Filmfare Awards also introduced the Short Film Category in 2017, with Vidya Balan, the People’s Choice Award For Best Short Film was presented to Khamakha. Short films like Chutney, Matitali Kusti and Taandav won awards as well, however, Peck did attend the banquet that followed the award night at Wellington Club, Mumbai. The winners for the year 1985 were announced in 1986 and the event was scheduled to be held at the Brabourne Stadium in December 1986, unfortunately the Bombay film Industry, as was known then went on strike in 86 because of its many contentious issues with the Maharashtra Government. So the ceremony was pushed to the next year, the winners of 1985 were awarded on 28 January 1987. Due to Security reasons, filmfare was not awarded for 1986 and 1987, due to the many award ceremonies in the Indian Film Industry, it is often questioned which ones are real and based on fair decisions made by the jury. The Filmfare went through a phase of controversy in which they were accused of a biased selection when nominating and presenting awards and it was believed that they were not awarded based on merit. The importance of these awards is that it recognizes an industry in which almost a thousand movies per year are produced making it one of the biggest in cinema
13.
Hindi film
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Bollywood is the sobriquet for Indias Hindi language film industry, based in the city of Mumbai, Maharashtra. It is more formally referred to as Hindi cinema, Bollywood is also one of the largest centers of film production in the world. Furthermore, Bollywood is one of the biggest film industries in the world in terms of the number of people employed, according to Matusitz, J. & Payano, P. In 2011, over 3.5 billion tickets were sold across the globe which in comparison is 900,000 tickets more than Hollywood, Bollywood produced 252 films in 2014 out of a total of 1969 films produced in Indian cinema. The name Bollywood is a derived from Bombay, India, and Hollywood, California. Bollywood does not exist as a physical place, some deplore the name, arguing that it makes the industry look like a poor cousin to Hollywood. The naming scheme for Bollywood was inspired by Tollywood, the name that was used to refer to the cinema of West Bengal and it was this chance juxtaposition of two pairs of rhyming syllables, Holly and Tolly, that led to the portmanteau name Tollywood being coined. However, Tollywood is now used popularly to refer to the Telugu Film Industry in Telangana & Andhra Pradesh, the term Bollywood itself has origins in the 1970s, when India overtook America as the worlds largest film producer. Credit for the term has been claimed by different people, including the lyricist, filmmaker and scholar Amit Khanna. Raja Harishchandra, by Dadasaheb Phalke, is known as the first silent feature film made in India, by the 1930s, the industry was producing over 200 films per annum. The first Indian sound film, Ardeshir Iranis Alam Ara, was a commercial success. There was clearly a huge market for talkies and musicals, Bollywood, the 1930s and 1940s were tumultuous times, India was buffeted by the Great Depression, World War II, the Indian independence movement, and the violence of the Partition. Most Bollywood films were unabashedly escapist, but there were also a number of filmmakers who tackled tough social issues, in 1937, Ardeshir Irani, of Alam Ara fame, made the first colour film in Hindi, Kisan Kanya. The next year, he made another film, a version of Mother India. However, colour did not become a feature until the late 1950s. At this time, lavish romantic musicals and melodramas were the fare at the cinema. Following Indias independence, the period from the late 1940s to the 1960s is regarded by historians as the Golden Age of Hindi cinema. Some of the most critically acclaimed Hindi films of all time were produced during this period, examples include the Guru Dutt films Pyaasa and Kaagaz Ke Phool and the Raj Kapoor films Awaara, Shree 420 and Dilip Kumars Aan
14.
Hamare Tumhare
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Hamare Tumhare is a 1979 Hindi movie produced by F. C. Mehra and directed by Umesh Mehra, the film stars Sanjeev Kumar, Raakhee, Amjad Khan, Prem Krishen, David, Mehmood, Asrani, Anil Kapoor, Lucky Ali, and Amrish Puri. The films music is by R. D. Burman, widower Jairaj Verma lives with his four sons in a small apartment. Three of his sons are in their teens, while his youngest son is around 12 years. On the other hand, there is Maya Sinha, a widow, then rumors spread abound that Maya and Jairaj are having an affair, and this adversely affects Komals marriage, leaving her angry and confused. Jairaj and Mayas attempts to pacify their respective children that they are husband and wife, is of no avail, as they are convinced that Maya and Jairaj are having an illicit affair. The only solution to end this dilemma is for Jairaj and Maya to get married, and live together as a family, but will their children, hamare Tummhare at the Internet Movie Database
15.
Telugu film
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Telugu cinema, also known by its sobriquet Tollywood, is the segment of Indian cinema dedicated to the production of motion pictures in the Telugu language. The industry is based in Film Nagar, a neighbourhood of Hyderabad, since 1909, Raghupathi Venkaiah Naidu, an Indian film maker, was involved in producing short films and travelling to different regions in Asia to promote film work. In 1921, he produced the first Telugu silent film, Bhishma Pratigna and he is cited as the father of Telugu cinema. In 1933, East India Film Company produced its first Indian film, Savitri, the blockbuster film has received an honorary diploma at Venice Film Festival. Multilingual actor Vuppaladadiyam Nagaiah was known as the Paul Muni of India, one of the actors of south Indian cinema. The 1951 film Patala Bhairavi was the first South Indian film, premiering at the first India International Film Festival, held in Mumbai on 24 January 1952. CNN-IBN listed Patala Bhairavi, Malliswari, Devadasu, Mayabazar, Nartanasala, Maro Charithra, Maa Bhoomi, Sankarabharanam, Sagara Sangamam, the first film studio in South India, Durga Cinetone, was built in 1936 by Nidamarthi Surayya in Rajahmundry, Andhra Pradesh. In the years 2005,2006,2008, and 2014 the industry has produced the largest number of films in India, the industry holds the Guinness World Record for the largest film production facility in the world. The Prasads IMAX located in Hyderabad is one of the largest 3D IMAX screens, as per the CBFC report of 2014, the industry is placed first in India, in terms of films produced yearly. The industry holds a memorandum of understanding with the Motion Picture Association of America to combat video piracy, contemporary films like Dookudu, Eega and Race Gurram have each grossed more than ₹100 crore at the worldwide box office. Baahubali, The Beginning became the second globally highest-grossing Indian film of all time, on the other hand, Yaragudipati Varada Rao and, R. S. In 1935, Andhra Cine Tone was built in Visakhapatnam by Gottumukkala Jagannadha Raju and he introduced digital theater sound with the 1935 film Jagadamba. The first Telugu film with dialogue, Bhakta Prahlada, was produced by H. M. Reddy. Bhakta Prahlada was completed on 15 September 1931, which became known as Telugu Film Day to commemorate its completion. Popularly known as talkies, films with sound quickly grew in number, in 1934, the industry saw its first major commercial success with Lavakusa. Pullaiah and starring Parupalli Subbarao and Sriranjani in lead roles, the film attracted unprecedented numbers of viewers to theatres, by 1936, the mass appeal of film allowed directors to move away from religious and mythological themes. That year, under the direction of Krithiventi Nageswara Rao, Prema Vijayam, in 1938, Gudavalli Ramabrahmam, has co-produced and directed the social problem film, Mala Pilla which dealt with the crusade against untouchability, prevailing in pre-independent India. In 1939, He directed Raithu Bidda, starring thespian Bellary Raghava, the film was directed by Y. V. Rao and scripted by Balijepalli Lakshmikanta Kavi, starring Chittor V. Nagaiah in the lead role
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Bapu (artist)
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Sattiraju Lakshmi Narayana, known professionally as Bapu, was an Indian film director, and screenwriter known for his works in Telugu cinema, and bollywood. He was also a music artist, painter, illustrator, cartoonist, in 2013, he was awarded the Padma Shri, for his contribution to Indian art and cinema. Bapus directorial venture Saakshi was showcased at Tashkent International film festival in 1968, tyagayya and Pelli Pustakam were premiered at the Indian Panorama of the International Film Festival of India. Bapus 2011 film Sri Rama Rajyam had a screening at International Film Festival of India on 28 November 2011. In 1996, He has appeared in the Doordarshan Documentary Eminent Cartoonists of India and he has worked as a graphic artist for J Walter Thomson, Efficient Publicities and F. D. Stewarts, Chennai. In 1964, He was a delegate at the UNESCO sponsored seminar in Bangalore on Childrens Books, the same year, he gave demonstrations for the training course programme on book illustrations and cover designs sponsored by UNESCO in Chennai. In 1960s he has served as art Consultant for Ford Foundation sponsored The Southern Language Book Trust and he has designed and illustrated several books for leading publishers in South India out of which, five received Government Awards. He has also done the same for innumerable works drawn from the puranas, Bapu was born on 15 December 1933, in Narsapur, in present-day West Godavari district, Andhra Pradesh, India to Sattiraju Venugopala Rao and Suryakantam. He has worked as a political cartoonist for the newspaper Andhra Patrika in 1945 and he holds B. Com and BL from University of Madras. Bapu introduced a style of simple bright colours. His unique style consisted of economy of strokes, freehand drawing and his paintings focus on Hindu mythological characters, and he has painted the Hindu epic Ramayana as a pictorial story. His character portrayals, such as Shiva, Bhima, Duryodhana, look distinctly male with wide chests, large jaws and large biceps, while Krishna, Bapu has also introduced a new style of cursive writing in Telugu. The font is his own handwriting and reflects the same simplicity as his art, Bapus paintings also decorated the cover pages of many magazines in India and Abroad. Telugu Naadi Magazine published from USA for Telugu audience have published Bapus great paintings, Bapu also later served on their advisory board to guide and have an outstanding content for the magazine that catered to Telugu people. The most notable achievement in Bapus movie making is his success in capturing the nativity of the Telugu people and his movies center on realistic family issues and relationships, however his recurring theme is magic realism, with vignettes of mythological characters aiding in the narration. Most of his movies have a female protagonist, a style from the formulaic movies that relegate female lead characters to song. His penchant for preserving the Telugu nativity in his movies can be seen in the choice of artists, especially the female leads. Bapu studied in Taylor High School, Narasapuram during these years and they were classmates during those three years and that is how their association started
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Mani Ratnam
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Gopala Ratnam Subramaniam, commonly known by his screen name Mani Ratnam, is an Indian film director, screenwriter, and producer who predominantly works in Tamil cinema. Cited by the media as one of Indias influential filmmakers, Mani Ratnam is widely credited with revolutionising the Tamil film industry, although working in the mainstream medium, his films are noted for their realism, technical finesse, and craft. The Government of India honoured him with the Padma Shri, acknowledging his contributions to film in 2002, despite being born into a film family, Mani Ratnam did not develop any interest towards films when he was young. Upon completion of his post graduation in management, he started his career as a consultant and he entered the film industry through the 1983 Kannada film Pallavi Anu Pallavi. The failure of his subsequent films would mean that he was left with fewer offers, however, his fifth directorial outing, Mouna Ragam, established him as a leading filmmaker in Tamil cinema. He followed that with the Godfatheresque Nayagan, which is regarded as a film over the years. Mani Ratnam is well known for his Political trilogy consisting of Roja, Bombay, the commercial and critical success of Roja established him as a leading filmmaker in Indian cinema. Mani Ratnam is married to Tamil actress Suhasini and has a son with her and he has won several film awards, including six National Film Awards,7 Filmfare Awards South and three Bollywood Filmfare Awards, and a few awards at various international film festivals. Mani Ratnam was born on 2 June 1955, as the child of a family that was closely associated with film production. His father S. Gopala Ratnam was a distributor who worked for Venus Pictures. His elder brother G. Venkateswaran would go on to some of his films. His younger brother, G. Srinivasan, who like Venkateswaran would co-produce some of his films, Mani Ratnam grew up in Madras, along with his siblings and cousins in a joint-family. Despite being a family, the children were not allowed to watch films as the elders considered it a taboo. During this time, he developed an admiration towards actors like Sivaji Ganesan and Nagesh, by the time when he was 15, he got to know about director K. Balachander, and became a fan of him. Upon completing his schooling, he graduated with a degree in commerce from the Ramakrishna Mission Vivekananda College, later, he did his Master of Business Administration in finance from Jamnalal Bajaj Institute of Management Studies, Mumbai. After finishing his post-graduation in 1977, he was employed in a firm in Madras as a management consultant, Mani is married to Suhasini, an established actress in South Indian cinema then. The two first met in 1988 and got married the same year, the couple have a son Nandhan. The family resides in Alwarpet, Chennai, where he runs his production company, Mani Ratnam was not satisfied with his job as a consultant as he found it to be a mere extension of his academics
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Pallavi Anu Pallavi
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Pallavi Anu Pallavi is a 1983 Indian Kannada-language film directed by Mani Ratnam in his directorial debut. It stars Anil Kapoor, Lakshmi and Kiran Vairale portraying the lead roles, the film deals with an unconventional plot of a committed young man falling in love with an older woman, and finding himself and his true desires through the experience. Balu Mahendra and Ilaiyaraaja were the cinematographer and music composer. The film was an commercial success, but earned critical acclaim from award committees. Having pledged his love for Madhu, Vijay finds himself entwined in a friendship with Anu. Vijay grapples with the definition of love, treading the line between trust and attraction, amidst tremendous societal pressures. He is confused whether he loves Anu, an older woman, amid all this is his youthful streak of rebellion, ready to take on the world despite the taboos attached. Anil Kapoor as Vijay Lakshmi as Anu Kiran Vairale as Madhu Vikram Suresh Heblikar M. V. R. Panthulu, featuring Vishnuvardhan, Ambareesh, Roja Ramani and Lakshmi in the lead roles, the film was later uncompleted and shelved. Mani Ratnam then decided to branch out as a director himself and wrote the script of the Kannada film, Pallavi Anu Pallavi, entirely in English, during a single month in 1980. With the script of the film he first met actor Kamal Haasan to play the films protagonist, after his friend Kitty had helped arrange a meeting with the actor. Haasan refused the offer and demanded changes to the script if he was to play the role, but introduced Ratnam to his brother Charuhasan. Ratnam subsequently met several producers and had the script rejected by over twenty studios, including Rajkannu of Sri Amman Creations and he was able to convince B. Lenin, also his neighbour, to work on the film as an editor after Ratnam had been impressed with his skills in Mahendrans Uthiripookkal, thotta Tharani joined the team after acquainting with Ratnam during the shoot of Raja Paarvai, which the director had casually gone to watch. He asked Balu Mahendra to put him through to composer Ilaiyaraaja, the selection of Lakshmi, who was a well-established actress at the time, prompted Krishnamurthy to initially agree to finance the film. Rohit Srinath, the son of actor Srinath, was an actor in the film. Ratnam did not know Kannada before directing the film but learned it on the job, while he extensively researched literature for the script at the USIS and British Council offices in Chennai. With the help of his associate Shivanand, he was able to convert the English dialogues into Kannada and help the actors perform their respective lines, the film was shot in Coorg and Bangalore, close to Venus Films distribution centre in the city. Towards the end of the production, the film ran into financial troubles, Ilaiyaraaja composed the films background score and soundtrack, the lyrics for which were penned by R. N. Jayagopal
19.
Filmfare Award
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The Filmfare Awards are presented annually by The Times Group to honour both artistic and technical excellence of professionals in the Hindi language film industry of India. The Filmfare ceremony is one of the oldest film events in India, the awards were first introduced in 1954, the same year as the National Film Awards. They were initially referred to as the Clare Awards or The Clares after Clare Mendonca, a dual voting system was developed in 1956. The ceremony had been sponsored by private organisations in the past as well as in present provisions. During several years in 1990s, a ceremony was broadcast to television audiences but was later discontinued due to unknown reasons. Presently, a recorded and a version of the awards ceremony is televised on SET a week or two after the ceremony has been held. There is no data statistics recorded in reference to T, the Filmfare Awards have been often referred to as the Hindi film industrys equivalent to The Oscars. Filmfare Marathi Awards are also started few years back which gives awards to Marathi films, the Filmfare awards were first introduced in 1954. The Clares was the name of the award ceremony, named after The Times of India critic Clare Mendonca. Readers of Filmfare were polled to decide the winners, and over 20,000 readers spread throughout India participated in the polls, trophies were given to winners of the popular vote. In the first awards function, held on 21 March 1954 at the Metro Theatre of Mumbai, only five awards were presented, Best Film, Best Director, Best Actor, Best Actress, and Best Music Director. Do Bigha Zameen was the first movie to win the award for Best Film. Filmfare Awards also introduced the Short Film Category in 2017, with Vidya Balan, the People’s Choice Award For Best Short Film was presented to Khamakha. Short films like Chutney, Matitali Kusti and Taandav won awards as well, however, Peck did attend the banquet that followed the award night at Wellington Club, Mumbai. The winners for the year 1985 were announced in 1986 and the event was scheduled to be held at the Brabourne Stadium in December 1986, unfortunately the Bombay film Industry, as was known then went on strike in 86 because of its many contentious issues with the Maharashtra Government. So the ceremony was pushed to the next year, the winners of 1985 were awarded on 28 January 1987. Due to Security reasons, filmfare was not awarded for 1986 and 1987, due to the many award ceremonies in the Indian Film Industry, it is often questioned which ones are real and based on fair decisions made by the jury. The Filmfare went through a phase of controversy in which they were accused of a biased selection when nominating and presenting awards and it was believed that they were not awarded based on merit. The importance of these awards is that it recognizes an industry in which almost a thousand movies per year are produced making it one of the biggest in cinema
20.
Yash Chopra
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Yash Raj Chopra was an Indian film director and film producer, predominantly working in Hindi cinema. Yash Chopra began his career as an assistant director to I. S. Johar and elder brother and he made his directorial debut with Dhool Ka Phool in 1959, a melodrama about illegitimacy, and followed it with the social drama Dharmputra. Encouraged by the success of films, the Chopra brothers made several more movies together during the late fifties and sixties. Chopra rose to prominence after his commercially and critically successful drama, Waqt, in 1971, Chopra founded his own production company, Yash Raj Films, and launched it with Daag, A Poem of Love, a successful melodrama about a polygamous man. The name Yash Raj was formed with names standing for Yash and Rajesh Khanna, in 1989, Chopra directed the commercially and critically successful cult film Chandni, which became instrumental in ending the era of violent films in Bollywood and returning musicals. Chopra directed and produced the cult classic Lamhe in 1991, considered by critics and Chopra himself as his best work to date, the film became one of the biggest Bollywood hits in the overseas market, although underperforming at the domestic box office. In 1992 he directed Parampara which was panned and was a box office failure. Chopra followed it with the hit and trend setter Darr. Starring Shahrukh Khan, it was a look at obsessive love. -Chopra directed three more films, all starring Khan, Dil To Pagal Hai, Veer-Zaara, and Jab Tak Hai Jaan. Chopra founded and was chairman of the motion picture production and distribution company Yash Raj Films, Chopras career has spanned more than five decades and 50 films, he is considered one of the leading filmmakers in the history of Hindi cinema. He came to be known as the King of Romance of the Indian cinema, Chopra has won several film awards, including six National Film Awards and eleven Filmfare awards, including four Filmfare Best Director awards. The Government of India honoured him with the Dadasaheb Phalke Award in 2001, BAFTA presented him with a lifetime membership for his contribution to films, making him the first Indian to receive the honour. Chopra was born on 27 September 1932 in Lahore, British India and his father was an accountant in the PWD division of the British Punjab administration. He was the youngest of eight children, the oldest of whom was almost 30 years his senior, the eminent film-maker BR Chopra is one of his brothers, and among his sisters is Hiroo Johar, wife of the film maker Yash Johar and mother of Karan Johar. Chopra was largely brought up in the Lahore house of his brother, BR Chopra. Chopra went to Jalandhar in 1945 to continue his education, and studied at Doaba College and he moved to Ludhiana in Punjab after the Partition. He originally sought to pursue a career in engineering and his passion for film-making led him to travel to Bombay, where he initially worked as an assistant director to I. S. Johar, and then for his director-producer brother, Baldev Raj Chopra
21.
Mashaal
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Mashaal is a 1984 Bollywood film. Produced and directed by Yash Chopra, it starred Dilip Kumar, Anil Kapoor, Waheeda Rehman, Rati Agnihotri, Nilu Phule, Iftekhar, Saeed Jaffery, Gulshan Grover, Alok Nath, Madan Puri and Amrish Puri. The role played by Anil Kapoor was first offered to Amitabh Bachchan and then to Kamal Haasan, but after they declined the offer, Vinod Kumar plays a respected, law-abiding citizen who turns to crime for exacting revenge. The movie was based on the well-known Marathi play Ashroonchi Zhali Phule written by famous Marathi writer Vasant Kanetkar, Vinod Kumar is an upright and honest man, who runs a newspaper named Mashaal. Vinod exposes the ills in the society with help of his newspaper, Vinods wife, Sudha, sees a vagabond named Raja and tries to instill some values and culture in him. Vinod is sceptical about this, but accepts when Raja tells them of his tragic childhood, finally, Vinod decides to help Raja by sending him to Bangalore to complete his education and become a journalist. During frequent meetings with Vinod and Sudha, Raja befriends Geeta, an aspiring journalist and an assistant in Vinods paper, during his investigations, Vinod finds that S. K. Vardhan, a wealthy and respected man in the society, is behind many malpractices. Vinod starts exposing S. Ks illicit business of drug-trafficking and selling hooch and that very night, Vinods newspaper office is burnt down by S. K. s men. Helpless, and on the streets, tragedy strikes Vinod and Sudha further when Sudha, a disillusioned Vinod realizes that S. K. will always trump him, since people also support him. Instead of trying to expose S. K. Vinod now decides to follow S. Ks footsteps in order to destroy him, in a very short time, Vinod becomes a very rich man. All this time, Raja, who is in Bangalore for his studies, is unaware of these developments. The only other person exposed to this truth is Geeta, who has grown resentful of Vinod and has started working in another newspaper, Vinods business now stands as a threat to Vardhans empire. Soon, Raja returns after completing his education and meets Vinod and is surprised to see that the latters lifestyle has changed, but doesnt know the truth. Raja meets Munna, an old friend, from whom he learns that a new crime lord has entered the fray and has gained a foothold in the hooch, Raja decides to expose this criminal, who, unbeknownst to him, is Vinod himself. Vinod is disturbed to learn that Raja is trying to dismantle his empire, Raja starts working for Dinesh, another journalist for whom Geeta also works. A chance discussion between Raja, Dinesh and Geeta leads to the revelation that Vinod is, indeed, the new drug boss, Raja is flummoxed upon learning this, and goes to meet Vinod to confront him about this. Vinod accepts the truth, and tells him what happened, Vinod feels humbled when Raja tells him that he still views Vinod as his mentor, upon which Vinod gives him his blessings to continue his chosen work. Meanwhile, Vinod and S. Ks enmity reaches a head when Raja starts writing about both, finally, S. K kidnaps Raja and threatens him
22.
Filmfare Best Actor Award
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The Filmfare Award for Best Actor is given by Filmfare as part of its annual Filmfare Awards for Hindi films, to recognise a male actor who has delivered an outstanding performance in a leading role. The award was first given in 1954, as of 2016, Dilip Kumar and Shah Rukh Khan lead the list, with eight wins each. In January 2017, Rishi Kapoor confessed that he had purchased the Filmfare Award for Best Actor in 1974 for Rs.40,000, Dilip Kumar and Shah Rukh Khan, with eight wins, have more Best Actor awards than any other actor. Amitabh Bachchan has five wins, Hrithik Roshan has four wins, six other actors have won the award in consecutive years, in chronological order, they are Rajesh Khanna, Sanjeev Kumar, Amitabh Bachchan, Naseeruddin Shah, Shah Rukh Khan, and Ranbir Kapoor. Three actors were nominated for both awards, Best Actor and Best Supporting Actor, for the same performance, Raaj Kumar for Kaajal, Ashok Kumar for Aashirwad. On both occasions, Ashok Kumar and Kamal Haasan won the Best Actor award and Raaj Kumar won the Best Supporting Actor award, Shah Rukh Khan, Hrithik Roshan, Amitabh Bachchan and Ranbir Kapoor are the actors who won both these Best Actor awards in the same year. Shah Rukh Khan, Hrithik Roshan, Amitabh Bachchan and Ranbir Kapoor, three actors have won the award for their debut performances, Rishi Kapoor for Bobby, Anupam Kher for Saaransh and Hrithik Roshan for Kaho Naa. Aamir Khan has the highest number of nominations, having been nominated for the Award every year from 1989 till 1997. Followed by Amitabh Bachchan being nominated eight times from 1976 to 1983 having total 15 nominations. Dilip Kumar achieved supremacy in 1950s with four wins and continued domination in 1960s with three wins, Rajesh Khanna took over in the 1970s with three wins. Naseeruddin Shah emerged successful in the 1980s with three wins, Shah Rukh Khan garnered triumph with four wins in the 1990s. Hrithik Roshan had four wins in 2000s which were the highest, Ranbir Kapoor is leading the 2010s with two wins to his credit. Amitabh Bachchan and Shah Rukh Khan hold the record for the highest number of Best Actor nominations in a single year, Amitabh Bachchan has been nominated thrice in 1979 and 1983 and Shah Rukh Khan in 2005. Amitabh Bachchan is the most nominated performer in any major acting category at Filmfare, Hrithik Roshan, Shah Rukh Khan and Salman Khan are the only actors to be nominated twice for the same role. Hrithik Roshan achieved this twice, he was nominated for his role as Krishna Mehra in 2007 and 2014. Dhoni, The Untold Story as Mahendra Singh Dhoni Filmfare Awards Filmfare Best Actress Award Bollywood Filmfare Awards South Cinema of India Best Actor list from Filmfare
23.
Tezaab
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Tezaab, released on 11 November 1988, is an Indian action romantic Hindi movie starring Anil Kapoor and Madhuri Dixit in lead roles. The film gave actress Madhuri Dixit her first big break, making her an overnight star and it reaffirmed Anil Kapoors star status, after a successful Mr India. The film was produced and directed by N. Chandra, Tezaab is known for the song Ek Do Teen, kehdo ke tum ho meri. which was a chart success. It ran in theatres for more than 50 weeks becoming a golden jubilee, with Tezaab, N Chandra scored a box office hat-trick with his previous hits Ankush and Pratighaat. Tezaab was critically acclaimed and garnered four Filmfare Awards from twelve nominations, Anil Kapoor won his first Best Actor award and Madhuri Dixit garnered her first ever nomination for Best Actress. The film was remade in Telugu as Two Town Rowdy with Daggubati Venkatesh, the plot is loosely based on the commercially failed Hollywood movie Streets of Fire directed by Walter Hill. Inspector Gagan Singh gets a tip about an infamous exiled criminal Munna, entering his jurisdiction, Singh is shocked to find that Munna is none other than NCC cadet Mahesh Deshmukh, an aspiring officer, whom he had met years ago at a bank in Nasik. In front of the eyes of Singh and Mahesh, a robbery took place, Singh never got to know what happened to Mahesh. Nevertheless, Singh tracks Munna and asks him to surrender, Munna tells him that he has to save his love Mohini from the clutches of dreaded gangster Lotiya Pathan. He reveals that he shifted to Bombay with his sister Jyoti after the incident and he met a girl named Mohini and fell in love with her. Mohinis father Shyamlal didnt like this relationship, Shyamlal was a drunkard who mooched off the money earned by his dancer wife. When she finally stood up to him, Shyamlal burned her face with sulphuric acid and she died soon afterwards, following which Shyamlal forced Mohini to follow her mothers steps. Shyamlal has taken a loan from Lotiya and the way to repay it is to make Mohini dance. But Mohini does not give up and continues meeting Mahesh, Shyamlal meets Chote Khan, younger brother of Lotiya who joined him after completing his term for robbery case. Chote Khan was arrested due to Mahesh, Shyamlal tells Lotiya that Mohini loves Mahesh whose parents were killed in a bank in Nasik. Then, Lotiya comes to know that Mahesh got Chote arrested, Chote goes to Maheshs house and tries to rape Jyoti as revenge. Mahesh averts this and kills Chote, Mahesh is arrested and sentenced to one year in jail, after which he becomes Munna and gets exiled. Shyamlal traps Mahesh along with Guldasta, a tea vendor
24.
Beta (film)
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Beta is a 1992 Bollywood drama film, directed by Indra Kumar. It featured Madhuri Dixit, Anil Kapoor and Aruna Irani in pivotal roles, the movie is a remake of 1987 Tamil movie Enga Chinna Rasa whose story was inspired by the Kannada novel Mallammana Pavada by B. Puttaswamayya which went on to be filmed as 1969s Kannada movie Mallammana Pavaada, swayamsiddha went on to be made into a 1975 Bengali movie of same name. Ardhangi was remade in Tamil as Pennin Perumai and in Hindi twice as Bahurani in 1963, Enga Chinna Rasa also went on to be remade in Telugu as Abbaigaru, in Kannada as Annayya and in Oriya as Santan. Beta was the highest-grossing Bollywood film of 1992, Kapoor and Dixit won the Best Actor and Best Actress awards, respectively. The film became popular due to many reasons, initially, actress Sridevi was offered the role of Saraswati. She refused because she had collaborated with Kapoor numerous times before, the item number Dhak Dhak Karne Laga remains one of the most popular Hindi songs of the 20th-century. Anil Kapoor and Madhuri Dixit became one of the most popular on-screen couples of Bollywood, beta is the story of Raju, the only child of a widowed multi-millionaire father who can provide his son with anything he wants except Rajus only desire — a mothers love. Rajus father believes he can please his son by marrying Laxmi, Raju becomes devoted to his stepmother, does whatever she asks of him, she convinces Raju that Raju should remain naïve and uneducated otherwise he would work for others rather than be self-employed. Raju grows older his stepmother increasingly isolates his father from the family, is considered mentally incompetent, Raju meets Saraswati and following her abduction and assaulted at a fair, he rescues her. They fall in love and, despite the villagers believing she is no longer chaste, Saraswati discovers that her stepmother-in-laws love for Raju is a rouse to discredit the sanity of Rajus father and unable to interfere with the plan. Laxmi has the family fortune diverted to Rajus stepbrother, the result of the marriage between his father and stepmother. He shares the greed for the family fortune, a battle of wills between the stepmother and the stepdaughter-in-law ensues. Laxmi sees that her influence over the family is challenged by Saraswati who insists that Rajus father leave behind his prison, and she makes Raju aware of the intentions of his step-mother. Laxmi starts to abuse and embarrass Saraswati with all the members present. Saraswati is ready to leave but then, to protect her husband and her house from Laxmis intentions, Saraswati then cleverly starts exposing Laxmis every effort and intention in a dignified manner so that her husband will not be offended. Saraswati becoming pregnant prompts Laxmi to attempt to kill Rajus wife and unborn child with poison, saffron, Saraswati discovers this and returns to her direct approach by telling Raju. He continues to refuse to believe the treachery although she takes an oath upon her childs life
25.
Meri Jung
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Meri Jung is a 1985 Hindi movie produced by N N Sippy and directed by Subhash Ghai. The film stars Anil Kapoor, Meenakshi Sheshadri, Nutan, Amrish Puri, Javed Jaffrey, A. K. Hangal, Iftekhar, Kushboo, the films music is by Laxmikant Pyarelal. The story begins with a happy lower-middle-class family – Arun Verma an 8-year-old boy, his sister Komal Verma a 5-year-old girl, his mother, Aruns father is trapped in a murder case. A famous criminal lawyer G. D. Thakral proves him guilty, pleas by Aruns mother fail to convince Thakral to be truthful and spare her husband. Thakral asks her to give evidence for his innocence, to which she sadly quotes Jiske paas koi sabut, Thakral was adamant to let her husband be hanged. He was hanged as per courts decision and his mother becomes mentally unstable from shock and is sent to a mental institution. Later Advocate Gupta, the lawyer who defended Aruns father, finds out that Thakral had known all along that he was innocent, Arun finds out that Thakral abused the law. Aruns house and all his property is auctioned off by the court, Arun and his sister are not offered help. He grows up with the seeds of revenge in his heart and he becomes a successful defence lawyer and keenly follows every case of Thakral so that some day he can stand up in court against the unbeaten Thakral and beat him. One day Geeta Srivatsav comes to him and asks him to fight the case of her sister, Dr. Asha Mathur who is accused of killing a patient on duty with her medicine, which she gave from her purse. Arun refuses saying that if she can even a iota of evidence of her sister being innocent he will fight for her. Geeta replies coincidentally the same sentence Jiske paas koi sabut, koi gavanh nahi hote kya we begunah nahin hote, Arun is instantly reminded of his mothers pleadings before Thakral. Geeta storms out of his office, but Arun is convinced to take the case and he meets Asha Mathur in police custody. He learns from her that on that night she got a call from her ward assistant that her patient is in the ICU. She stops on the way, and she moves out of car her to ask the reason. Meanwhile, somebody replaces the medicine bottle with the bottle of poison from her purse. On arrival in the hospital, she gives the liquid from that bottle to stabilise the patient and this resulted in the patients death. It is shown that Asha Mathurs husband, Dr. Dinesh Mathur, had gone to meet Thakral and had asked him to fight his wifes case
26.
Karma (1986 film)
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The film reunites Subhash Ghai and Dilip Kumar after the success of their last film together Vidhaata. The film also marked the first time Dilip Kumar was paired with veteran actress Nutan, rana Vishwa Pratap Singh is an ex- high ranking police officer who is in charge of a jail that successfully reforms criminals. He also makes it clear that through bribes and favours he will be released very shortly, the following day Dang assaults a prison warden during an argument about the condition of his cell. On hearing this, Singh goes to Dangs cell and slaps him, Dang then vows to personally take revenge on Singh. While Singh is away, Dangs army successfully locate the prison and they then set about destroying the prison and killing everyone including Singhs family who reside nearby. After a period of mourning Singh decides to embark on a mission to bring Dang, Singhs plan is to train an elite unit, the members of which will be selected from death row. He believes the offer of freedom will motivate the prisoners to swap a life of crime for one of honor, the mission is approved by the Indian government and Singh successfully recruits Baiju Thakur, Johnny/Gyaneshwar, and a former terrorist Khairuddin Chishti. Under the guise of being forest rangers, Singh and his recruits set up base near the Indian border near where they believe Dr Dangs compound is located, Singh and his three soldiers form a strong family bond during their training. However Baiju and Johnny fall in love with local women. Each time they are recaptured by Singh who firmly reminds them that they can continue with the mission or return to death row. Khairuddin pleads with Singh to let Baiju and Johnny leave as he believes they have been reformed, Singh is not pleased and reminds Khairuddin that he granted them life on the basis that they would fight to the end. As far as he is concerned they are here to complete the mission only, the mission takes a setback when Singh is shot by the terrorists whilst protecting his three soldiers who are locked in a nearby building. Singh is taken to a hospital and placed on life support, the three soldiers are distraught and realise they need to complete the mission for Singh. They then receive intelligence on the location of Dr Dangs compound which they successfully infiltrate. With the help of hostages who have been held captive by the terrorists, they set about destroying the compound and it soon becomes apparent that the destruction of the heavily guarded munitions centre is the only way the terrorists organisation can be defeated. Khairuddin hatches a plan that involves driving a truck filled with explosives into the heart of the building, Baiju and Johnny argue that the plan is too dangerous and they would all be killed in the process. However Khairuddin wants to sacrifice himself so that his friends can enjoy their new found freedom, Baiju and Johnny are forcibly removed off the truck by Khairuddin who then goes on to destroy the munitions centre at the cost of his life. Johnny and Baiju return to the compound and kill the remaining terrorists bringing the battle to its conclusion
27.
Mr. India
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Mr. India is a 1987 Indian Hindi science fiction superhero film directed by Shekhar Kapur. It stars Anil Kapoor, Sridevi and Amrish Puri in the lead roles The film was the highest grossing Indian film of 1987, the Mogambo character is also considered to be one of the best villains in Bollywood history. Laxmikant-Pyarelals music performed well too, especially the song Hawa Hawaii which is very popular till today, the film has often been featured in different lists of top Bollywood films. Indiatimes Movies ranks the movie amongst the Top 25 Must See Bollywood Films and this was the last film that the writing duo Salim-Javed wrote together. They had split up earlier in 1982, but came back for one last film, on the centenary of Indian Cinema, Mr. India has been declared one of the 100 Greatest Indian Films of All Time. Interestingly Rajesh Khanna and Amitabh Bachchan were offered the lead role, Mogambo is a brilliant yet insane General whose goal is to conquer India. From his island, he monitors the evil-doings perpetrated by his henchmen, All his subordinates know the formal salute Hail Mogambo. Emphasising his complete authority over his minions, Arun Verma is an orphan and a street-walking violinist who rents a large, old house. There, he houses a dozen or so orphaned children and takes care of them with the help of his cook, Arun is poor, owes debts to the local food merchant Roopchand, and is overdue to pay the landlord Maniklal. In spite of problems, Arun tries to look on the bright side of every situation. As time goes by, Calendar reminds Arun that the cost of running the home continues to rise, Arun decides to rent out the room on the first floor. When he goes to the newspaper to run an advertisement for the room, he meets Seema Sahni. They get off to a start but Seema eventually becomes friends with everyone. One day, Arun receives a letter from a family friend, Dr. Sinha. With the directions in the letter, Arun, accompanied by his ward Jugal, enters his fathers laboratory, the device is in the shape of a gold watch worn on the wrist. When it is activated, it makes the invisible to the naked eye. This invisibility is pervasive except for one flaw, when red light is focused on the wearer, Arun and Jugal decide to keep the device a secret between them. Seema goes to a party hosted by Daaga and Teja
28.
Virasat (1997 film)
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Virasat is a 1997 Indian Hindi film, directed by Priyadarshan. The story was adapted from the Tamil film Thevar Magan and it starred Anil Kapoor, Tabu, Amrish Puri, Pooja Batra, Milind Gunaji and Govind Namdeo. The music was composed by Anu Malik and S. P. Venkatesh, with the former composing the songs, the film marked the comeback for Priyadarshan in Hindi cinema. Music director Annu Malik reused some of the tunes of Ilaiyaraaja from Thevar Magan. After completing his studies in London, Shakti Thakur returns to his village in India. Accompanying him is his girlfriend, Anita, whom he is in love with and wants to marry, after a few days, Shakti starts to feel that nothing much has changed in his hometown and longs to leave. He tells his father that he wants to sell his share of the familys property, Shakti disagrees with his father and decides to leave. He is unable to bear the animosity amongst the townspeople, particularly between his dad, Raja Thakur, and rival Zamindar Birju. When Anita leaves town to meet her parents, Shakti wants to follow her, his plans change suddenly when his father away. At this moment Shakti realizes that his village needs him more than anyone else, during one of his attempts to solve the villages problem he meets village belle, Gehna. By a twist of destiny, Shakti has to marry Gehna in order to save her from disgrace, Anita returns to find that nothing is the same anymore. She finds that Shakti has turned from her lover to a mature and responsible family man, the film depicts the true meaning of education as a tool to uplift uneducated people. S. Chithra - Virasat was nominated for nine categories at the Filmfare awards, the awards it won are in bold
29.
Taal (film)
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Taal is a 1999 Bollywood musical romantic drama film co written, edited, produced and directed by Subhash Ghai. Taal was a selection for the 2005 Ebertfest, Roger Eberts Film Festival. Taal was screened retrospectively, during the 2014 International Film Festival of India in the Celebrating Dance in Indian cinema section, the film stars Anil Kapoor, Akshaye Khanna, Aishwarya Rai, Amrish Puri and Alok Nath. It was also dubbed in Tamil as Thaalam and it was very successful in India and overseas, becoming the first Indian film to reach the top 20 on Varietys box office list. Anil Kapoor, A. R. Rahman, Alka Yagnik, Manav comes to visit India with his wealthy father Jagmohan Mehta, his aunt and uncle, and his fathers employees. Manav and Mansi fall in love, but when Jagmohan learns of this he packs the family up and moves them to their house in Mumbai, with the excuse that Mansi and her father are of low social status. However, he is nice to Tara Babus face and invites him to come and stay with him in Mumbai if he, Tara Babu, Mansi is distressed by Manavs departure but he assures her that he will not abandon her and that everything will be fine. She gives Manav his scarf which she modified, making it say Manavsi, a juxtaposition of their names. When Tara Babu learns of Manav and Mansis affair he is at first angry but soon agrees to travel to Mumbai to visit his cousin Prabha, who is a news reporter and they are insulted by Jagmohans sister-in-law, brother, and the employees and endure hostile treatment. They are forced to wait outside for 9 hours before being invited into the house, when Jagmohan finally arrives at the scene, he too insults Tara Babu, which results in Tara Babu slapping him across the face. Manav also arrives, and he rudely reprimands Tara Babu as well, meanwhile Mansi, after witnessing Manav shout at her father, makes it clear to Manav that she wants nothing to do with him any more. She and her father leave the Mehta household deeply hurt. Mansi soon meets Vikrant Kapoor, a successful and famous music producer/director, with the encouragement of Prabha, she signs a three-year contract with Vikrant, and Mansi performs dance numbers and remixes of Tara Babus songs as well as some of Vikrants productions. She wins awards and becomes a sensation in India, in the meantime Vikrant starts to fall in love with Mansi. Matters are further complicated when Manav arrives to apologise to Mansi for what he and his family did, however, he tells her that he knows she still loves him, and that he will wait for her. Vikrant learns of what happened between Manav and Mansi, but he chooses to ignore it and he has a few encounters with Manav but takes them lightly. Vikrant proposes to Mansi soon afterwards, and her father and aunt encourage her to accept it and she accepts the proposal even though she is not in love with Vikrant. After winning an International MTV Award in Canada, she comes back to India to prepare for the marriage, in the meantime Jagmohan and Tara Babu patch things up after Jagmohan realises his mistake
30.
Pukar (2000 film)
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Pukar is a Hindi drama film co-written and directed by Rajkumar Santoshi, starring Anil Kapoor, Madhuri Dixit, Namrata Shirodkar, Danny Denzongpa and Om Puri. The film was critically acclaimed but did average business at the box office and it won two National Film Awards, including the Nargis Dutt Award for Best Feature Film on National Integration and the National Film Award for Best Actor for Anil Kapoors performance. The score and soundtrack were composed by A. R. Rahman, major Jaidev Jai Rajvansh and his fellow officer manage to rescue a leading politician as well as capture his kidnapper, Abhrush. The terrorist has been wanted for years and he is captured by the two officers. Jai returns to a welcome and is declared a national hero. He takes a break from the army and returns to his hometown, there he meets his childhood friend Anjali who has always harboured love for Jai. Anjali wants to make most of Jais holiday and tries to get close to him, at a party, he meets the then Miss India, Pooja Mallapa. As they spend time together, they begin to fall in love. In the mean time, Jais parents are arranging his marriage to Anjali but when they find out about Jais love for Pooja, Anjali, heartbroken and jealous wants revenge as Jai rejected her. Realising her frustration with Jai, Abrush takes advantage and together they plot to destroy Jais reputation, Anjali manages to steal certain important secret documents detailing plans for Abrushs movement from prison to prison. The following events lead to Jai being court martialed and he is declared a traitor to the country, Pooja leaves him alone due to family pressure. Jai, determined to prove his innocence and redeem himself, decides to pursue Abrush alone, ultimately Anjali comes to her senses and realises her mistake. To atone for it, she tries to thwart Abhrushs plans. Finally Jai expresses his love for Anjali and forgives her and both unite, the song Kay Sera Sera, was a remake of Rahmans own song Kadhal Nayagara from a Tamil movie En Swasa Kaatre. The lyrics of song and the title is from Que Sera, Sera sung by actress Doris Day for the 1956 Alfred Hitchcock film. Rahman reused the song Oh Bosnia as Ek Tu Hi Bharosa, the song was composed and performed by Rahman in his Malaysian concert in 1996 that was in aid of Bosnian victims. The piano was played by Rahman himself, Hai Jaana has two parts within the film version and soundtrack version. The song Sunta Hai Mera Khuda was shot at Arches National Park in Utah, the song Kismat Se Tum Humko Mile Ho was shot at Glacier Bay National Park in Alaska, United States
31.
National Film Award for Best Actor
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Called the State Awards for Films when established in 1954, the National Film Awards ceremony is older than the Directorate of Film Festivals. The State Awards instituted the award in 1968 as the Bharat Award for the Best Actor, in 1975. Throughout the past 45 years, accounting for ties and repeat winners, until 1974, winners of the National Film Award received a figurine and certificate, since 1975, they have been awarded with a Rajat Kamal, certificate and a cash prize. The first recipient was Uttam Kumar from Bengali cinema, who was honoured at the 15th National Film Awards in 1968 for his performances in Anthony Firingee, as of 2016, Amitabh Bachchan is the most honoured actor, with four awards. Mithun Chakraborty and Mammootty are the two actors who have achieved the honour for performing in two languages. The former was awarded in 1977 for the Hindi film Mrigayaa, R. Ambedkar in the English film Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar. The most recent recipient is Akshay Kumar, who will be honoured at the 64th National Film Awards for his performance in the 2016 Hindi film Rustom, key Official Page for Directorate of Film Festivals, India National Film Awards Archives
32.
No Entry
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One-way traffic is traffic that moves in a single direction. A one-way street is a street either facilitating only one-way traffic, one-way streets typically result in higher traffic flow as drivers may avoid encountering oncoming traffic or turns through oncoming traffic. Residents may dislike one-way streets due to the route required to get to a specific destination. Some studies even challenge the original motivation for one-way streets, in that the circuitous routes negate the claimed higher speeds. Signs are posted showing which direction the vehicles can move in, commonly an upward arrow, or on a T junction where the road is one-way. Sometimes one portion of a street is one-way, another portion two-way, an advantage of one-way streets is that drivers do not have to watch for vehicles coming in the opposite direction on this type of street. The abstract No Entry sign was adopted for standardization at the League of Nations convention in Geneva in 1931. The sign was adapted from Swiss usage, derived from the practice of former European states that marked their boundaries with their formal shield symbols, restrictions on entry were indicated by tying a blood-red ribbon horizontally around the shield. The sign is known as C1, from its definition in the Vienna Convention on Road Signs. The European No Entry sign was adopted into North American uniform signage in the 1970s, in addition to the standardized graphic symbol, the US version still retains the wording Do Not Enter, while the European and Canadian versions typically have no text. Since Unicode 5.2, the Miscellaneous Symbols block contains the glyph ⛔, representable in HTML as ⛔, or ⛔. One-way streets may be part of a system, which facilitates a smoother flow of motor traffic through, for example. This is achieved by arranging one-way streets that cross in such a fashion as to eliminate right turns or left turns, traffic light systems at such junctions may be simpler and may be coordinated to produce a green wave. In the United States,37 states and Puerto Rico allow left turns on red only if both the origin and destination streets are one way, see South Carolina law Section 56-5-970 C3, for example. Five other states, namely Alaska, Idaho, Michigan, Oregon, an attempt was apparently made in 1617 to introduce one-way streets in alleys near the River Thames in London. The next one-way street in London was Albemarle Street in Mayfair and it was so designated in 1800 because the public science lectures were so popular there. The first one-way streets in Paris were the Rue de Mogador, one story of the origin of the one-way street in the United States originated in Eugene, Oregon. On 9 September 1934, the on-fire SS Morro Castle was towed to the shore near the Asbury Park Convention Center, the Asbury Park Police Chief decided to make the Ocean Avenue one-way going north and the street one block over in one-way going south, creating a circular route
33.
Dil Dhadakne Do
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Dil Dhadakne Do is a 2015 Indian comedy drama film directed by Zoya Akhtar and produced by Ritesh Sidhwani and Farhan Akhtar. The film tells the story of a dysfunctional Punjabi family who invite their family, the film was released worldwide on 5 June 2015. Kamal Mehra is a self made businessman who owns Ayka, a company on the verge of bankruptcy and he has a troubled relationship with his wife, Neelam Mehra and his two children, Ayesha Sangha née Mehra and Kabir Mehra. The Mehra family also includes their pet dog Pluto Mehra, Kabir unwillingly participates in the family business even though he yearns to become a pilot. In celebration of Kamal and Neelams 30th wedding anniversary, they invite their family, among their invitees are the Sood family, consisting of businessman Lalit Sood, his wife Naina Sood and their daughter Noori Sood. Kamal and Neelam plan to get Kabir married to Noorie, in exchange for Lalit Sood investing in Ayka, on the cruise, Kabir meets dancer Farah Ali and engages in a romantic relationship with her. Noori, on the hand, is in love with Rana Khanna. Meanwhile, Ayesha considers divorcing her husband, whom she believes is incompatible with her and her parents, however, are staunchly against it as they believe it will dishonour her and the family. Meanwhile, Sunny Gill, the son of Kamals manager Amrish Gill and it is revealed that Sunny and Ayesha dated each other as teenagers. Kamal, who was unhappy with their relationship, arranged and paid for Sunny to study abroad to separate his daughter from Sunny, Ayesha realises that she still harbors feelings for Sunny who is now a successful journalist. He, unlike her husband, appreciates her strong personality and believes in female empowerment, Neelam sees Kamal flirting with one of the female guests, and wonders why she did not divorce him despite his past infidelities. Ayesha confronts Sunny about his departure abroad and ends up kissing him, which she regrets later, not because of her feelings. Meanwhile, Farah hears that Kabir is planning on marrying Noori, elsewhere, Kamal spots Noori making out with Rana and has a fit. He is rushed to the emergency room on-board suspected to have had a heart attack, in the hospital room, Kamal tells Kabir that he saw Noori with Rana and asks him to not be involved with her anymore. Kabir admits to his family that he knew about the couple all along and that he is in love with Farah, a dancer and he also tells them of his intention to leave the family business and persuades them to consider Ayesha, who is actually interested in business. After all this, Kamal and Neelam realise that their kids are disappointed with them, Kamal asks Neelam why she hadnt divorced him after knowing everything. She reveals to him that leaving him she had no choice as her family wont accept her back due to fear of dishonour. Kamal realises his mistake, asks for forgiveness and consoles her, later, while in efforts to reconcile Manav and Ayesha, Kamal becomes infuriated when he sees Manav misbehaving with his daughter and asks him and his mother to leave immediately
34.
Danny Boyle
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His debut film Shallow Grave won the BAFTA Award for Best British Film. Boyles 2008 film Slumdog Millionaire was nominated for ten Academy Awards and won eight and he also won the Golden Globe and BAFTA Award for Best Director. Boyle was presented with the Extraordinary Contribution to Filmmaking Award at the 2008 Austin Film Festival, in 2012, Boyle was the Artistic Director for Isles of Wonder, the opening ceremony of the 2012 London Summer Olympic Games. He was subsequently offered a knighthood as part of the New Year Honours, in 2014, it was announced that Boyle would become a patron of HOME in Manchester. Danny Boyle was born on 20 October 1956 in Radcliffe, Lancashire, although he now describes himself as a spiritual atheist, he was brought up in a working class Catholic family. Boyle was a boy for eight years and his mother had the priesthood in mind for him. Whether he was saving me from the priesthood or the priesthood from me, but quite soon after, I started doing drama. And theres a connection, I think. All these directors — Martin Scorsese, John Woo, M. Night Shyamalan — they were all meant to be priests, Theres something very theatrical about it. It’s basically the same job — poncing around, telling people what to think and he later studied at Thornleigh Salesian College in Bolton, and studied English and Drama at Bangor University. While at university, Boyle dated the actress Frances Barber, Boyle is the patron of North West-based young peoples substance misuse charity, Early Break, which was founded and based in his home town of Radcliffe. Boyle is also a trustee of the UK-based African arts charity Dramatic Need, upon leaving school he began his career at the Joint Stock Theatre Company, before moving onto the Royal Court Theatre in 1982 where he directed The Genius by Howard Brenton and Saved by Edward Bond. He also directed five productions for the Royal Shakespeare Company, in 2011 he directed Frankenstein for the National Theatre. This production was broadcast to cinemas as a part of National Theatre Live on 17 March 2011, Boyle was Artistic Director for the 2012 Summer Olympics Opening Ceremony in London. The ceremony, entitled Isles of Wonder, charted aspects of British culture, including the Industrial Revolution and British contributions to literature, music, film, reception to the ceremony was generally positive, both nationally in the United Kingdom and internationally. In December 2012 it was reported that Boyle turned down a knighthood in the New Year Honours list. He told BBC Radio 4 Im very proud to be an equal citizen, in 2014, it was announced that Boyle would become a patron of HOME in Manchester. These were Masonic Mysteries and Cherubim and Seraphim and he was also responsible for the BBC2 series Mr. Wroes Virgins
35.
Academy Award
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The various category winners are awarded a copy of a golden statuette, officially called the Academy Award of Merit, which has become commonly known by its nickname Oscar. The awards, first presented in 1929 at the Hollywood Roosevelt Hotel, are overseen by AMPAS, the awards ceremony was first broadcast on radio in 1930 and televised for the first time in 1953. It is now live in more than 200 countries and can be streamed live online. The Academy Awards ceremony is the oldest worldwide entertainment awards ceremony and its equivalents – the Emmy Awards for television, the Tony Awards for theater, and the Grammy Awards for music and recording – are modeled after the Academy Awards. The 89th Academy Awards ceremony, honoring the best films of 2016, were held on February 26,2017, at the Dolby Theatre, in Los Angeles, the ceremony was hosted by Jimmy Kimmel and was broadcast on ABC. A total of 3,048 Oscars have been awarded from the inception of the award through the 88th, the first Academy Awards presentation was held on May 16,1929, at a private dinner function at the Hollywood Roosevelt Hotel with an audience of about 270 people. The post-awards party was held at the Mayfair Hotel, the cost of guest tickets for that nights ceremony was $5. Fifteen statuettes were awarded, honoring artists, directors and other participants in the industry of the time. The ceremony ran for 15 minutes, winners were announced to media three months earlier, however, that was changed for the second ceremony in 1930. Since then, for the rest of the first decade, the results were given to newspapers for publication at 11,00 pm on the night of the awards. The first Best Actor awarded was Emil Jannings, for his performances in The Last Command and he had to return to Europe before the ceremony, so the Academy agreed to give him the prize earlier, this made him the first Academy Award winner in history. With the fourth ceremony, however, the system changed, for the first six ceremonies, the eligibility period spanned two calendar years. At the 29th ceremony, held on March 27,1957, until then, foreign-language films had been honored with the Special Achievement Award. The 74th Academy Awards, held in 2002, presented the first Academy Award for Best Animated Feature, since 1973, all Academy Awards ceremonies always end with the Academy Award for Best Picture. The Academy also awards Nicholl Fellowships in Screenwriting, see also § Awards of Merit categories The best known award is the Academy Award of Merit, more popularly known as the Oscar statuette. The five spokes represent the branches of the Academy, Actors, Writers, Directors, Producers. The model for the statuette is said to be Mexican actor Emilio El Indio Fernández, sculptor George Stanley sculpted Cedric Gibbons design. The statuettes presented at the ceremonies were gold-plated solid bronze
36.
Slumdog Millionaire
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Slumdog Millionaire is a 2008 British drama film directed by Danny Boyle, written by Simon Beaufoy, and produced by Christian Colson. Set and filmed in India, it is a adaptation of the novel Q & A by Indian author and diplomat Vikas Swarup, telling the story of Jamal Malik, age 18. As a contestant on the Indian version of Who Wants to Be a Millionaire, who is able to answer every stage correctly, he is accused of cheating. Jamal recounts his history, illustrating how he is able to each question. Regarded as a hit, Slumdog Millionaire was widely acclaimed, being praised for its plot, soundtrack. It was nominated for ten Academy Awards in 2009 and won eight—the most for any 2008 film—including Best Picture, Best Director and it won seven BAFTA Awards including Best Film, five Critics Choice Awards and four Golden Globes. 18-year-old Jamal Malik, an Indian Muslim from the Juhu slum, is a contestant on the Indian version of Who Wants to Be a Millionaire. and is one question away from the grand prize. Jamal recounts, through flashbacks, the incidents in his life which provided him with each answer, as they flee the riot, they meet Latika, a girl from their slum. Salim is reluctant to take her in, but Jamal suggests that she could be the third musketeer, the three are found by Maman—a gangster who tricks and then trains street children into becoming beggars. When Salim discovers Maman is blinding the children in order to them more effective beggars, he flees with Jamal. Latika fails to board the train as Salim purposefully lets go of her hand and this resulted in her being recaptured by Maman. At Jamals insistence, they return to Mumbai to find Latika, discovering that she is being raised by Maman to be a prostitute, to him soon a high price. The brothers rescue her, and while escaping Maman they shoot him to death, Salim then manages to get a job with Javed—Mamans rival crime lord. Back at their room, Salim orders Jamal to leave him, when Jamal refuses, Salim draws a gun on him, whereas Latika persuades Jamal to obey his brother and go away. Years later, Jamal, now a tea-boy in an Indian call centre, searches the database for Salim. He fails in finding Latika, while succeeding in finding Salim, Jamal reproaches Salim, who then pleads for forgiveness, and offers him to stay in his luxurious apartment. Jamal later bluffs his way into Javeds residence to reunite with Latika but as he professes his love for her, Jamal nevertheless promises to wait for her every day at five oclock at the VT station. Latika attempts to him there, but is recaptured by Javeds men, led by Salim, and once Javed moves to another house, outside Mumbai
37.
24 (TV series)
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24 is an American crime thriller television series produced for the Fox network, created by Joel Surnow and Robert Cochran, and starring Kiefer Sutherland as counter terrorist agent Jack Bauer. Each season, comprising 24 episodes, covers 24 hours in Bauers life using the real method of narration. Premiering on November 6,2001, the show spanned 192 episodes over eight seasons, in addition, a television film,24, Redemption, was broadcast between seasons six and seven, on November 23,2008. 24 returned as a 12-episode series titled 24, Live Another Day,24, Legacy, a spin-off series featuring new characters, premiered on February 5,2017, after Super Bowl LI. Throughout the series most of the plot elements unfold like a political thriller. At the conclusion of its season,24 became the longest-running U. S. espionage/counterterrorism-themed television drama ever. 24 is a drama that stars Kiefer Sutherland as Jack Bauer. Each episode typically follows Bauer, officials in the U. S. government, the episodes take place over the course of one hour, depicting events as they happen, in real time. Season 1 begins at midnight on the day of the California presidential primary, Season 2, set 18 months later, begins at 8,00 a. m. Season 3, set three years later, begins at 1,00 p. m, Jack must infiltrate a Mexican drug cartel to seize a deadly virus being marketed underground. President Palmer must deal with potential scandal that could cost him his presidency, Season 4, set 18 months later, begins at 7,00 a. m. Jack must save the lives of his new boss, Secretary of Defense James Heller, Season 5, set 18 months after, begins at 7,00 a. m. Jack is believed to be dead by everyone except a few of his closest friends and he is forced to resurface when some of those friends are murdered and he is framed by terrorists with connections to the American government. The acquisition of nerve gas by the terrorists poses a new threat, Season 6, set 20 months later, begins at 6,00 a. m. Jack is released after being detained in a Chinese prison following the events of Season 5, terrorists who hold a vendetta against Jack plot to set off suitcase nuclear devices in America. Later, Jack is forced to choose between those he loves and national security when the Chinese set their sights on sensitive circuitry that could trigger a war between the U. S. and Russia. Redemption, set years later, begins at 3,00 p. m. Jack finds himself caught up in a coup in the fictional African nation of Sangala
38.
Hindi film industry
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Bollywood is the sobriquet for Indias Hindi language film industry, based in the city of Mumbai, Maharashtra. It is more formally referred to as Hindi cinema, Bollywood is also one of the largest centers of film production in the world. Furthermore, Bollywood is one of the biggest film industries in the world in terms of the number of people employed, according to Matusitz, J. & Payano, P. In 2011, over 3.5 billion tickets were sold across the globe which in comparison is 900,000 tickets more than Hollywood, Bollywood produced 252 films in 2014 out of a total of 1969 films produced in Indian cinema. The name Bollywood is a derived from Bombay, India, and Hollywood, California. Bollywood does not exist as a physical place, some deplore the name, arguing that it makes the industry look like a poor cousin to Hollywood. The naming scheme for Bollywood was inspired by Tollywood, the name that was used to refer to the cinema of West Bengal and it was this chance juxtaposition of two pairs of rhyming syllables, Holly and Tolly, that led to the portmanteau name Tollywood being coined. However, Tollywood is now used popularly to refer to the Telugu Film Industry in Telangana & Andhra Pradesh, the term Bollywood itself has origins in the 1970s, when India overtook America as the worlds largest film producer. Credit for the term has been claimed by different people, including the lyricist, filmmaker and scholar Amit Khanna. Raja Harishchandra, by Dadasaheb Phalke, is known as the first silent feature film made in India, by the 1930s, the industry was producing over 200 films per annum. The first Indian sound film, Ardeshir Iranis Alam Ara, was a commercial success. There was clearly a huge market for talkies and musicals, Bollywood, the 1930s and 1940s were tumultuous times, India was buffeted by the Great Depression, World War II, the Indian independence movement, and the violence of the Partition. Most Bollywood films were unabashedly escapist, but there were also a number of filmmakers who tackled tough social issues, in 1937, Ardeshir Irani, of Alam Ara fame, made the first colour film in Hindi, Kisan Kanya. The next year, he made another film, a version of Mother India. However, colour did not become a feature until the late 1950s. At this time, lavish romantic musicals and melodramas were the fare at the cinema. Following Indias independence, the period from the late 1940s to the 1960s is regarded by historians as the Golden Age of Hindi cinema. Some of the most critically acclaimed Hindi films of all time were produced during this period, examples include the Guru Dutt films Pyaasa and Kaagaz Ke Phool and the Raj Kapoor films Awaara, Shree 420 and Dilip Kumars Aan
39.
Chembur
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Chembur is a suburb in eastern Mumbai, India. It is 15 km from downtown Mumbai and 10 km from Chhatrapati Shivaji International Airport, the name Chembur is probably derived from the word “Chimboree” which means Large Crab in Marathi, because the British were unable to pronounce the word chimboree. Before reclamation, Chembur lay on the corner of Trombay Island. This is however disputed and is said to be a reference to Chevul at the mouth of the Kundalika River on mainland Maharashtra. Later the area occupied is said to have occupied a branch of an animal home, the Bombay Presidency Golf Club was established in 1827 and was later re-built to meet international standards. No further activity was seen until the Kurla-Chembur single railway line was built in 1906 for garbage trains, the line was opened to passenger traffic in 1924. After construction activity in the 1920s, Chembur was finally opened up in the 1930s and it was made part of Greater Bombay in 1945. After independence, Chembur was one of the sites where refugee camps were set up to settle refugees after partition, the industrialisation of Trombay during and after the war led to the demand for housing and the growth of Chembur thereafter. Chembur lies in the Mumbai South Central parliamentary constituency and it used to lie in Mumbai North-East Parliamentary constituency prior to delimitation in 2008. After delimitation, it has moved to Mumbai South Central parliamentary Constituency. The Current sitting Member of Parliament of Mumbai South Central is Shiv Senas Rahul Shewale, sitting Member of the Legislative Assembly of Chembur is Mr. Prakash Vaikunth Phaterpekar of the Shiv Sena. Chembur is the seat of the M Ward Offices, the M Ward ranges from Thane Creek in East to Tansa Pipe Line No.2 in West, from Somaiyya Nalla in North to Mahul Creek in South. Chembur lies in ward numbers 141 to 149 with Councillors for each representing it in the Brihanmumbai Municipal Corporation, Chembur is surrounded by the suburbs of Kurla, Deonar, Mahul, Govandi, Chunabhatti and Ghatkopar. A marine alluvium type of soil is observed in Chembur and it has north-south running basalt hills to its south. Autorickshaws, taxis, BEST buses and trains are the modes of transport. The Harbour Line of the Mumbai Suburban Railway has station in Chembur, Suburban trains bound for Mumbai CST, Andheri and Panvel run throughout the day. The Lokmanya Tilak Terminus for long trains are located nearby. Line 1 of Mumbai Monorail opened in February 2014 and has a terminus at Chembur, Dayanand Saraswati Marg, V N Purav Marg, R C Marg, Station Avenue Road, the Eastern Express Highway and Sion Panvel Highway are some of the arterial roads of Chembur
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Mumbai
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Mumbai is the capital city of the Indian state of Maharashtra. It is the most populous city in India and the ninth most populous agglomeration in the world, Mumbai lies on the west coast of India and has a deep natural harbour. In 2008, Mumbai was named a world city. It is also the wealthiest city in India, and has the highest GDP of any city in South, West, Mumbai has the highest number of billionaires and millionaires among all cities in India. The seven islands that came to constitute Mumbai were home to communities of fishing colonies, during the mid-18th century, Bombay was reshaped by the Hornby Vellard project, which undertook reclamation of the area between the seven islands from the sea. Along with construction of roads and railways, the reclamation project, completed in 1845. Bombay in the 19th century was characterised by economic and educational development, during the early 20th century it became a strong base for the Indian independence movement. Upon Indias independence in 1947 the city was incorporated into Bombay State, in 1960, following the Samyukta Maharashtra movement, a new state of Maharashtra was created with Bombay as the capital. Mumbai is the financial, commercial and entertainment capital of India and it is also home to some of Indias premier scientific and nuclear institutes like BARC, NPCL, IREL, TIFR, AERB, AECI, and the Department of Atomic Energy. The city also houses Indias Hindi and Marathi film and television industry, Mumbais business opportunities, as well as its potential to offer a higher standard of living, attract migrants from all over India, making the city a melting pot of many communities and cultures. The oldest known names for the city are Kakamuchee and Galajunkja, in 1508, Portuguese writer Gaspar Correia used the name Bombaim, in his Lendas da Índia. This name possibly originated as the Old Portuguese phrase bom baim, meaning good little bay, in 1516, Portuguese explorer Duarte Barbosa used the name Tana-Maiambu, Tana appears to refer to the adjoining town of Thane and Maiambu to Mumbadevi. Other variations recorded in the 16th and the 17th centuries include, Mombayn, Bombay, Bombain, Bombaym, Monbaym, Mombaim, Mombaym, Bambaye, Bombaiim, Bombeye, Boon Bay, and Bon Bahia. After the English gained possession of the city in the 17th century, Ali Muhammad Khan, imperial diwan or revenue minister of the Gujarat province, in the Mirat-i-Ahmedi referred to the city as Manbai. By the late 20th century, the city was referred to as Mumbai or Mambai in the Indian statewise official languages of Marathi, Konkani, Gujarati, Kannada and Sindhi, the Government of India officially changed the English name to Mumbai in November 1995. According to Slate magazine, they argued that Bombay was a corrupted English version of Mumbai, Slate also said The push to rename Bombay was part of a larger movement to strengthen Marathi identity in the Maharashtra region. A resident of Mumbai is called mumbaikar in the Marathi language, the term has been in use for quite some time but it gained popularity after the official name change to Mumbai. Mumbai is built on what was once an archipelago of seven islands, Bombay Island, Parel, Mazagaon, Mahim, Colaba, Worli and it is not exactly known when these islands were first inhabited
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