Aniline is an organic compound with the formula C6H5NH2. Consisting of a phenyl group attached to an amino group, aniline is the simplest aromatic amine. It is an industrially significant commodity chemical, as well as a versatile starting material for fine chemical synthesis. Its main use is in the manufacture of precursors to polyurethane, dyes, and other industrial chemicals. Like most volatile amines, it has the odor of rotten fish. It ignites readily, burning with a smoky flame characteristic of aromatic compounds. It is toxic to humans.
Sample of 2,6-diisopropylaniline, a colorless liquid when pure, illustrating the tendency of anilines to air-oxidize to dark-colored products.
Aniline can react with bromine even in room temperatures in water. Acetyl chloride is added to prevent tribromination.
Cake of indigo dye, which is prepared from aniline.
Diazonium compounds or diazonium salts are a group of organic compounds sharing a common functional group [R−N+≡N]X− where R can be any organic group, such as an alkyl or an aryl, and X is an inorganic or organic anion, such as a halide.
Sample of benzenediazonium tetrafluoroborate.