Apicius
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Apicius, also known as De re culinaria or De re coquinaria, is a collection of Roman cookery recipes, which may have been compiled in the fifth century AD, or earlier. Its language is in many ways clo
The Apicius manuscript (ca. 900 AD) of the monastery of Fulda in Germany, which was acquired in 1929 by the New York Academy of Medicine
Apicius, De re culinaria (Lyon: Sebastianus Gryphium, 1541)
De opsoniis et condimentis (Amsterdam: J. Waesbergios), 1709. Frontispiece of the second edition of Martin Lister's privately printed version of Apicius
Silphium
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Silphium is an unidentified plant that was used in classical antiquity as a seasoning, perfume, aphrodisiac, and medicine.
Apicius
…Tiberius. The book also may have been authored by a number of different Roman cooks from the first century AD. Many of the recipes contain the ingredient silphium, which is speculated to have become extinct in the first century AD, which supports the earlier date. However, based on textual analysis, the food…
Four-branched silphium plant producing four bulbs and three leaflets on each branch, on a gold tenth-stater of Cyrenaica (331-322 BCE)
A coin of Magas of Cyrene c. 300–282/75 BC: the reverse has silphium and small crab symbols
Weighing and loading of silphium at Cyrene
Ancient Cyrenean silver coin depicting a silphium seed or fruit