The Appomattox campaign was a series of American Civil War battles fought March 29 – April 9, 1865, in Virginia that concluded with the surrender of Confederate General Robert E. Lee's Army of Northern Virginia to forces of the Union Army under the overall command of Lieutenant General Ulysses S. Grant, marking the effective end of the war.
Ulysses S. Grant and Robert E. Lee, opposing commanders in the Appomattox campaign
Major General John B. Gordon
Major General John G. Parke
The Peacemakers by George Peter Alexander Healy, 1868, depicts the historic 1865 meeting on the River Queen
Union (American Civil War)
During the American Civil War, the United States was referred to as simply the Union, also known colloquially as the North, after eleven Southern slave states seceded to form the Confederate States of America (CSA), which was called the Confederacy, also known as the South. The name the "Union" arose from the declared goal of the United States, led by President Abraham Lincoln, of preserving the United States as a constitutional federal union.
The Union had large advantages in men and resources at the start of the war, and the ratio grew steadily in favor of the Union. In the chart, "cauc men" means white men (Caucasian).
Anti-Lincoln Copperhead pamphlet from 1864
Lincoln met with his Cabinet for the first reading of the Emancipation Proclamation draft on July 22, 1862.
Union soldiers on the Mason's Island (Theodore Roosevelt Island), 1861