Arabic diacritics
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The Arabic script has numerous diacritics, which include consonant pointing known as iʻjām, and supplementary diacritics known as tashkīl. The latter include the vowel marks termed ḥarakāt.
7th-century kufic script without any ḥarakāt or i‘jām.
Middle Kufic
Modern Kufic in Qur'an
Arabic alphabet
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The Arabic alphabet, or the Arabic abjad, is the Arabic script as specifically codified for writing the Arabic language. It is a unicameral script written from right-to-left in a cursive style, and in
Arabic diacritics
…shaddah and a dagger alif above lām, followed by hā'. The maddah (⟨مَدَّة⟩ 'extension') is a tilde-shaped diacritic, which can only appear on top of an alif (آ) and indicates a glottal stop followed by a long . In theory, the same sequence could also be represented by two alifs, as in *⟨أَا⟩, where a hamza…
Musnad script as is clear from one of the Sabaean inscriptions.
Keiten Aijin