Archaeological forgery is the manufacture of supposedly ancient items that are sold to the antiquities market and may even end up in the collections of museums. It is related to art forgery.
The Piltdown Man skull, a famous palaeoanthropological hoax
Head of Gudea, ruler of Lagash, a Confiscated forgery; head of the Sumerian ruler Gudea. Sold as a genuine ancient Mesopotamian piece and now held at the Sulaymaniyah Museum, Iraq.
The James Ossuary is a 1st-century limestone box that was used for containing the bones of the dead. An Aramaic inscription meaning "Jacob (James), son of Joseph, brother of Jesus" is cut into one side of the box. The ossuary attracted scholarly attention due to its apparent association with the Christian holy family.
The James ossuary was on display at the Royal Ontario Museum from November 15, 2002, to January 5, 2003.
Close-up of the Aramaic inscription: "Ya'akov bar Yosef akhui di Yeshua" ("James, son of Joseph, brother of Jesus")