Archduke Maximilian Francis of Austria was Elector of Cologne and Grand Master of the Teutonic Knights from 1780 until his death. Influenced by Enlightenment ideals, he sought to implement reforms in
Portrait by Anton von Maron
Maximilian Franz at the age of 6 in 1762 by Liotard
Maximilian Francis visits with his sister Marie Antoinette and King Louis XVI of France. Painting by Josef Hauzinger
Maria Theresa
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Maria Theresa was the ruler of the Habsburg monarchy from 1740 until her death in 1780, and the only woman to hold the position in her own right. She was the sovereign of Austria, Hungary, Croatia, Bo
Archduke Maximilian Francis of Austria
…Coalition War, his territories on the left bank of the Rhine were occupied and later annexed by France. He was the youngest child of Holy Roman Empress Maria Theresa and Francis I, Holy Roman Emperor. He was the last fully functioning Elector of Cologne and the second employer and patron of the young Ludwig van…
Portrait by Martin van Meytens, 1759
Painting of three-year-old Maria Theresa in the gardens of Hofburg Palace
Archduchess Maria Theresa, by Andreas Møller
Maria Theresa in 1730, by Venetian painter Rosalba Carriera