Ardabil Province is one of the 31 provinces of Iran. It is in the northwest of the country, in Region 3, bordering the Republic of Azerbaijan, and the Iranian provinces of East Azerbaijan, Zanjan, and Gilan. Its administrative centre is the city of Ardabil. The province, spanning an area of 18,011 km2, and established in 1993, was carved out of the eastern part of East Azerbaijan province.

Azerbaijan or Azarbaijan, also known as Iranian Azerbaijan, is a historical region in northwestern Iran that borders Iraq and Turkey to the west, and the Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic, Armenia, and the Republic of Azerbaijan proper to the north.