Art Gillham was an American songwriter, among the first crooners as a pioneer radio artist and a recording artist for Columbia Records. With Billy Smythe and Scott Middleton he wrote "Hesitation Blues", which he recorded as one of the first electrical recordings for Columbia Records; the song is heard in the following movies The Public Enemy, Of Human Bondage and Fireman Save My Child. Gillham and Smythe wrote 100 songs together, including "Mean Blues," "Just Forget," "The Deacon Told Me I Was Good," "Just Waiting for You," "Crying Again," "Things That Remind Me of You" and the first successful electrical recording, "You May Be Lonesome". With J. Russell Robinson he wrote "In My Sweetheart's Arms"; as a song plugger for Ted Browne Music, Art Gillham traveled around the United States. When radio began he would stop at radio stations in his travels to promote the music by Browne and other music publishers. In 1923 Gillham was dared to sing over the radio, the response encouraged him to continue.
He sang in a soft crooning voice, in February, 1924, while appearing on WSB in Atlanta, he was dubbed "The Whispering Pianist" by the station's general manager, Lambdin Kay.. In 1924 he gave advice to Irene Beasley that encouraged her to begin her recording career. On November 4, 1924 he appeared with Will Rogers, Wendell Hall and Carson Robison during the Presidential Election Night broadcast of The Eveready Hour over WEAF and an 18-station hook-up. Before networks were formed Gillham appeared on over 300 radio stations. Sometimes he broadcast from airfields with a portable keyboard on the field. In 1930 he had two CBS programs: "Breakfast With Art" and "Syncopated Pessimism", he ended his radio programs with the question "Have you got a cup of coffee in your pocket?" From 1937 through 1954 Art appeared on radio in Georgia. In December 1939 he was featured in the first demonstration of television in the South at Atlanta's Rich's Department Store. World War II delayed the commercial introduction of television in Atlanta until 1949.
Gillham appeared as a guest on WAGA-TV. From 1937 he had regular radio programs on Atlanta's WSB, WGST and WQXI, he concluded his career in radio at WQXI after two heart attacks damaged his coordination in 1954. On October 21, 2017 he was inducted as a legacy inductee. In October 1924, Gillham signed a contract with Columbia Records as an exclusive artist; when Columbia obtained rights to record using the new Western Electric recording system, Gillham was asked by Columbia to assist with the electric recording because of his use of microphones on radio. On February 25 -- 27, 1925 Art recorded seven electrical masters. Columbia began using the new electrical process with its other artists beginning on February 27, 1925; the first electrical master was 140125, "You May Be Lonesome" released on Columbia 328-D, the first issue being on Columbia's "flag" label prior to the change to the black label. Victor began using the electrical process in March 1925. Gillham was a popular artist with Columbia from 1924 through 1931.
His 130 recordings included Angry, I'm Confessing, Shine On, Harvest Moon, I'd Climb the Highest Mountain, Cecilia, I'm Waiting for Ships That Never Come In, Thinking and Tenderly. Most of his recordings were vocals with his piano accompaniment; some recordings included small groups which included Red Nichols, Benny Goodman, Miff Mole, Jimmy Dorsey and others. Being a tall thin man with thick wavy hair, he created an image of himself on radio and records as an old fat bald man, always having trouble with women and thus sang "sob songs," and a folio was published "Art Gillham's Sob Songs", his primary competitors were Jack Little, Cliff Edwards and Jack Smith. Jack Smith began recording for Victor in the Fall of 1925. Victor set him up as a direct competitor by calling him the "Whispering Baritone" or Whispering Jack Smith and alleged Art Gillham was imitating Jack Smith. On Victor's 1925 test recording of Jack Smith he was listed as "Whispering Pianist". Columbia began advertising Art Gillham as "Famous Enough to Be Imitated."
In 1926 Columbia imported record presses to Australia. The first Australian Columbia pressing was Gillham's "In Your Green Hat" and "It's Too Late to Be Sorry Now", his recording of "My Swanee River Home" was released only in Australia. In 1928 he made several recordings for Columbia under the pseudonym "Barrel-House Pete". Before recording for Columbia Gillham made several unissued recordings for Gennett a couple for Pathé, his first recording for Columbia in 1924 was "How Do You Do". His last recording for Columbia in 1931 was "Just A Minute More to Say Goodbye". In 1934 he made a final commercial recording for Victor, released on its Bluebird label. In the 1940s and 1950s he made over 200 home recordings for friends. In addition to phonograph records, Art Gillham recorded piano rolls on the Columbia, Mel-O-Dee and Duo-Art labels. While recording for Columbia he made regular tours of the Pantages and Loews vaudeville circuits in the South and West. However, his whispering style was not as successful in theaters as
IEEE 802.11e-2005 or 802.11e is an approved amendment to the IEEE 802.11 standard that defines a set of quality of service enhancements for wireless LAN applications through modifications to the media access control layer. The standard is considered of critical importance for delay-sensitive applications, such as Voice over Wireless LAN and streaming multimedia; the amendment has been incorporated into the published IEEE 802.11-2007 standard. The basic 802.11 MAC layer uses the distributed coordination function to share the medium between multiple stations. Relies on CSMA/CA and optional 802.11 RTS/CTS to share the medium between stations. This has several limitations: if many stations attempt to communicate at the same time, many collisions will occur which will lower the available bandwidth and lead to congestive collapse. There are no Quality of Service guarantees. In particular, there is no notion of low priority traffic; the original 802.11 MAC defines another coordination function called the point coordination function.
This is available only in "infrastructure" mode, where stations are connected to the network through an Access Point. This mode is optional, only few APs or Wi-Fi adapters implement it. APs send beacon frames at regular intervals. Between these beacon frames, PCF defines two periods: the Contention Free Period and the Contention Period. In the CP, DCF is used. In the CFP, the AP sends Contention-Free-Poll packets to each station, one at a time, to give them the right to send a packet; the AP is the coordinator. Although this allows for a better management of QoS, PCF does not define classes of traffic as is common with other QoS systems; the 802.11e enhances the DCF and the PCF, through a new coordination function: the hybrid coordination function. Within the HCF, there are two methods of channel accessed, similar to those defined in the legacy 802.11 MAC: HCF Controlled Channel Access and Enhanced Distributed Channel Access. Both EDCA and HCCA define Traffic Categories. For example, emails could be assigned to a low priority class, Voice over Wireless LAN could be assigned to a high priority class.
With EDCA, high-priority traffic has a higher chance of being sent than low-priority traffic: a station with high priority traffic waits a little less before it sends its packet, on average, than a station with low priority traffic. This is accomplished through the TCMA protocol, a variation of CSMA/CA using a shorter arbitration inter-frame space for higher priority packets; the exact values depend on the physical layer, used to transmit the data. In addition, EDCA provides contention-free access to the channel for a period called a Transmit Opportunity. A TXOP is a bounded time interval. If a frame is too large to be transmitted in a single TXOP, it should be fragmented into smaller frames; the use of TXOPs reduces the problem of low rate stations gaining an inordinate amount of channel time in the legacy 802.11 DCF MAC. A TXOP time interval of 0 means it is limited to a single MAC service data unit or MAC management protocol data unit; the levels of priority in EDCA are called access categories.
The contention window can be set according to the traffic expected in each access category, with a wider window needed for categories with heavier traffic. The CWmin and CWmax values are calculated from aCWmin and aCWmax values that are defined for each physical layer supported by 802.11e. For a typical of aCWmin=15 and aCWmax=1023, as used, for example, by OFDM and MIMO, the resulting values are as following: ACs map directly from Ethernet-level class of service priority levels: The primary purpose of QoS is to protect high priority data from low priority data. There are scenarios in which the data needs to be protected from other data of the same class. Admission Control in EDCA address these type of problems; the AP publishes the available bandwidth in beacons. Clients can check the available bandwidth before adding more traffic. Wi-Fi Multimedia is the Wi-Fi Alliance specification, a subset of IEEE 802.11e. Certified APs must be enabled for EDCA and TXOP. All other enhancements of 802.11e are optional.
The HCF controlled channel access works a lot like PCF. However, in contrast to PCF, in which the interval between two beacon frames is divided into two periods of CFP and CP, the HCCA allows for CFPs being initiated at anytime during a CP; this kind of CFP is called a Controlled Access Phase in 802.11e. A CAP is initiated by the AP whenever it wants to send a frame to a station or receive a frame from a station in a contention-free manner. In fact, the CFP is a CAP too. During a CAP, the Hybrid Coordinator —which is the AP—controls the access to the medium. During the CP, all stations function in EDCA; the other difference with the PCF is that Traffic Traffic Streams are defined. This means that the HC is not limited to per-station queuing and can provide a kind of per-session service; the HC can coordinate these streams or sessions in any fashion it chooses. Moreover, the stations give info about the lengths of their queues for each Traffic Class; the HC can use this info to give priority to one station over another, or better adjust its scheduling mechanism.
Another difference is that stations are given a TXOP: they may send multiple packets in a row, for a given time period s
Vince Lia is an Australian football player who plays for Perth Glory in the A-League. Born in Shepparton, Lia played youth football in Victoria before making his senior debut with South Melbourne in the National Soccer League, he spent one season with Fawkner-Whittlesea Blues in 2005 before joining Melbourne Victory in 2005 to play in the newly-formed A-League. Lia next spent a decade at Wellington Phoenix, making over 200 appearances for the club in all competitions, he returned to Australia in 2017. Lia represented Australia numerous times at youth level, including at the 2003 FIFA U-20 World Cup and 2005 FIFA U-20 World Cup. Lia spent the early stages of his professional career in the NSL at South Melbourne, he moved on to Melbourne Victory where he spent two years as a fringe player, albeit winning a championship. He moved to the Wellington Phoenix in 2007. Lia scored his first A-League goal in a 1–1 draw against his former team, Melbourne Victory, in the 58th minute on 24 November 2007 in front of a 20,938 strong crowd at the Telstra Dome.
Lia missed the entire 2008–09 A-League Season due to a knee injury suffered in pre-season, requiring a full reconstruction. In A-League 2007-08 A-League Season, Vince Lia signed a contract with the A-League team Wellington Phoenix. On 20 October 2009, Vince Lia extended his contract with the Wellington Phoenix until the end of 2011–2012. After a successful trial, Lia was given a one year deal with Adelaide United for the 2017–18 season, he made his A-League debut for the club on 13 October 2017 in a 2–1 win over Brisbane Roar. A week Lia scored both goals for Adelaide in a 2–2 draw against Melbourne Victory, his former club. Lia captained the Australian U-20's at the 2005 FIFA World Youth Championship; as of 14 October 2018 Melbourne VictoryA-League Championship: 2006–07 A-League Premiership: 2006–07Adelaide UnitedFFA Cup: 2018, 2019 AustraliaOFC U-20 Championship: 2002, 2005 Aussie Footballers Lawrie to Lia Vince Lia at Soccerway