Artemio Ricarte y García was a Filipino general during the Philippine Revolution and the Philippine–American War. He is regarded as the Father of the Philippine Army, and the first Chief of Staff of the Armed Forces of the Philippines though the present Philippine Army descended from the American-allied forces that defeated the Philippine Revolutionary Army led by General Ricarte. Ricarte is notable for never having taken an oath of allegiance to the United States government that occupied the Philippines from 1898 to 1946.
Ricarte in c. 1898
Artemio Ricarte at Setagaya, Tokyo, Japan on Jan. 1944
General Ricarte's tomb at the Libingan ng mga Bayani
The General Artemio Ricarte Shrine in Batac, Ilocos Norte
The Philippine Army (PA) is the main, oldest and largest branch of the Armed Forces of the Philippines (AFP), responsible for ground warfare and as of 2021 had an estimated strength of 143,100 soldiers backed by 131,000 ready reserves. The service branch was established on December 21, 1935, as the Philippine Commonwealth Army. The Philippine Army has engaged in many conflicts including the ongoing Communist rebellion in the Philippines, the Moro conflict and, alongside other national military forces, in conflicts of international scope.
Philippine revolutionary soldiers in 1899.
Philippine Scouts in formation during the American colonial period
Philippine Scouts operating a 37 mm gun M3 at Fort McKinley.
Philippine Army M4 Shermans shortly after the country became independent