An artillery observer, artillery spotter, or forward observer is a soldier responsible for directing artillery and mortar fire support onto a target. An artillery observer usually accompanies a tank o
Danish Defence artillery observer using a thermal imaging camera and a laser rangefinder
A Canadian Armed Forces artillery observer watching an artillery strike during a live fire exercise
Medieval direct line-of-sight fire
British and French artillery observers during the Battle of Langemarck, 1917
Forward air control is the provision of guidance to close air support aircraft intended to ensure that their attack hits the intended target and does not injure friendly troops. This task is carried o
Artillery observer
…convert the observer's target information into firing data for the battery's weapons. The equivalent of an artillery observer for close air support is a forward air controller, while for the equivalent for naval gunfire support is a spotter. For general fire support, the position is known as a fire support specialist (FiSTer…
RAF Regiment Forward Air Controllers from the Air Land Integration Cell, based at RAF Coningsby, guide a Typhoon from 6 Squadron onto their target at the Cape Wrath practice range in Scotland.
British Mobile Fighter Controllers operating in North Africa during World War II
L-19/O-1 Bird Dog, used by Forward Air Controllers during the Vietnam War.
A U.S. Army Bell OH-58A-BF Kiowa (s/n 68-16687) in flight, source: Vietnam Studies - Airmobility 1961-1971