Artur Nikolaevich Chilingarov is an Armenian-Russian polar explorer. He is a corresponding member of the Russian Academy of Sciences, he was awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union in 1986 and the title of Hero of the Russian Federation in 2008. He is the president of State Polar Academy. Chilingarov is a member of the United Russia party; he was a member of the State Duma from 1993 to 2011, and again from 2016 onwards and was the representative of Tula Oblast in the Federation Council between 2011 and 2014.

The Russian Academy of Sciences consists of the national academy of Russia; a network of scientific research institutes from across the Russian Federation; and additional scientific and social units such as libraries, publishing units, and hospitals.