1.
El Paso, Texas
–
El Paso is the seat of El Paso County, Texas, United States. The city is situated in the far corner of the U. S. state of Texas. El Paso stands on the Rio Grande river across the Mexico–United States border from Ciudad Juárez, the region of over 2.7 million people constitutes the largest bilingual and binational work force in the Western Hemisphere. The city hosts the annual Sun Bowl college football post-season game, El Paso has a strong federal and military presence. William Beaumont Army Medical Center, Biggs Army Airfield, and Fort Bliss call the city home, Fort Bliss is one of the largest military complexes of the United States Army and the largest training area in the United States. Also headquartered in El Paso are the DEA domestic field division 7, El Paso Intelligence Center, Joint Task Force North, Border Patrol El Paso Sector, and U. S. In 2010, El Paso received an All-America City Award, El Paso has been ranked the safest large city in the U. S. for four consecutive years and has ranked in the top three since 1997. As of July 1,2015, the estimate for the city from the U. S. Census was 681,124. Its U. S. metropolitan area covers all of El Paso and Hudspeth counties in Texas, the El Paso MSA forms part of the larger El Paso–Las Cruces CSA, with a population of 1,053,267. The El Paso region has had human settlement for thousands of years, the evidence suggests 10,000 to 12,000 years of human habitation. The earliest known cultures in the region were maize farmers, when the Spanish arrived, the Manso, Suma, and Jumano tribes populated the area. These were subsequently incorporated into the Mestizo culture, along with immigrants from central Mexico, captives from Comanchería, the Mescalero Apache were also present. El Paso del Norte was founded on the bank of the Río Bravo del Norte. El Paso remained the largest settlement in New Mexico until its cession to the U. S. in 1848, the Texas Revolution was generally not felt in the region, as the American population was small, not being more than 10% of the population. However, the region was claimed by Texas as part of the treaty signed with Mexico, during this interregnum, 1836–1848, Americans nonetheless continued to settle the region. The present Texas–New Mexico boundary placing El Paso on the Texas side was drawn in the Compromise of 1850, El Paso County was established in March 1850, with San Elizario as the first county seat. The United States Senate fixed a boundary between Texas and New Mexico at the 32nd parallel, thus largely ignoring history and topography, a military post called The Post opposite El Paso was established in 1854. Further west, a settlement on Coons Rancho called Franklin became the nucleus of the future El Paso, a year later, pioneer Anson Mills completed his plan of the town, calling it El Paso
El Paso, Texas
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From upper left:
downtown El Paso skyline, star on the
Franklin Mountains, The
Cathedral of Saint Patrick,
Wyler Aerial Tramway,
North Franklin Peak,
downtown El Paso at night
El Paso, Texas
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Ysleta Mission constructed in 1680 by the Spanish
El Paso, Texas
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Map of the city in 1886
El Paso, Texas
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El Paso circa 1880
2.
Post-hardcore
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Like post-punk, the term has been applied to a broad constellation of groups. Hardcore punk typically features very fast tempos, loud volume, and heavy bass levels, additionally, many of these bands vocalists were just as likely to deliver their lyrics with a whispered croon as they were a maniacal yelp. Allmusic also claims that post-hardcore bands find creative ways to build and release tension rather than airing their dirty laundry in short, sharp, british post-punk of the late 1970s and early 1980s has been seen as influential on the musical development of post-hardcore bands. As the genre progressed some of these groups also experimented with an array of influences, including soul, dub, funk, jazz. Groups such as Saccharine Trust, Naked Raygun, and The Effigies, during the early to mid-1980s, the desire to experiment with hardcores basic template expanded to many musicians that had been associated with the genre or had strong roots in it. Many of these also took inspiration from the 1980s noise rock scene pioneered by Sonic Youth. Some bands signed to the independent label Homestead Records, including Squirrel Bait, a reviewer noted that the groups 1989s release Wrong was one of the most aggressive and powerful opuses in post-hardcore ever made. During the years 1984 and 1985 in the scene, a new movement had swept over. When The Faith put out the EP Subject to Change in 1983 it marked an evolution in the sound of D. C. hardcore. This movement has been widely known as the Revolution Summer. Other bands have been perceived as taking inspiration from such as funk. According to Eric Grubbs, a nickname was developed for the new sound, with some considering it post-harDCore, the latter, mentioned in skateboarding magazine Thrasher, would come up in discussions around the D. C. area. In the nearby state of Maryland, similar bands that are categorized now as post-hardcore would also emerge and this group has also been considered as one of the earliest emo acts. The second half of the 1980s saw the formation of bands in D. C. which included Shudder to Think, Jawbox, The Nation of Ulysses. MacKaye described this period as the busiest that the Dischord Records label had ever seen. Most of these acts, along with ones, would contribute to the 1989 compilation State of the Union. It has also noted that the groups ever-evolving sound would signal a more experimental turn in hardcore that paved the way for later Dischord releases. Similarly, the debut studio album, 1990s Repeater, has also been generally regarded as a classic
Post-hardcore
–
Shellac (
Steve Albini) in concert.
Post-hardcore
–
Fugazi during their last pre-hiatus tour, 2002. The band's influence was summarized by reviewer Andy Kellman with the following statement: "To many, Fugazi meant as much to them as
Bob Dylan did to their parents."
Post-hardcore
–
The VSS performing in 1997. While formed in
Boulder, Colorado, the group has been associated with the post-hardcore sound developed in San Diego and led by independent labels like
Gravity.
Post-hardcore
–
Silverstein (
Shane Told) in concert.
3.
Rise Records
–
Rise Records is an American record label currently based in Beaverton, Oregon. Rise was founded in 1991 by Craig Ericson in Nevada City and he released a small number of 7 records before putting the label on hiatus to attend college. Ericson didnt release anything further until 1999, after moving to Portland and he began issuing small-print 7 records, and his first CD release came in 2000, from the group One Last Thing. The label gave a strong foundation to bands Anatomy of a Ghost, Ever We Fall, later signees, gained considerable popularity while with Rise, and moved on to what were larger labels at the time. Rise has also signed some veteran bands, including, Hot Water Music, Bouncing Souls, The Bled, Bleeding Through, Rise Records releases are distributed in the U. S. by ADA and BMG. In July 2013, the company moved from Portland to neighboring Beaverton, Oregon, the label has a distribution deal with Alternative Distribution Alliance, the indie distributor owned by Warner Music Group and directly in Europe and Australia with Warner Music and BMG. On September 9, Australian label UNFD announced a partnership with Rise. On May 18,2015, BMG announced the acquisition of the label, Rise will maintain its headquarters and Ericson will remain in charge. BMG will help with back office operations and provide Rise a more international reach
Rise Records
–
Rise Records
4.
Fearless Records
–
Fearless Records is a record label that was founded in 1994. However, the label has experimented with different styles in recent years, Fearless Records releases are currently distributed nationwide by RED Distribution, but after Concord Music Group take-over, theyll be distributed by Universal Music Group. The label was acquired by Concord Bicycle Music in May 2015, Bob Becker started Fearless Records when he was selling his friends tacos at their shows. He would also go to stores and put their records on consignment. The record label came from Bob not knowing what he was doing at the time. Fearless Records was officially formed in 1994, in 2000, Fearless Records released Punk Goes Metal, the first compilation album from the Punk Goes. series. Punk Goes Pop 5 was released on November 6,2012, in 2005, Fearless Records released the studio album All That We Needed by Plain White Ts, a thirteen-song collection that proved to be a breakthrough for both the label and the Illinois-based band. Hey There Delilah, a single from album, reached No.1 on Billboard Hot 100. On November 8,2010, Fearless announced the release of a Christmas-themed compilation album and it would feature eight of their signed artists recording original songs. The album was available for pre-ordering on iTunes the same day, three years later, Fearless Records released Punk Goes Christmas featuring original & cover tracks from All Time Low, ISSUES, New Found Glory, and more. In 2011, Fearless Records released Breathe Carolinas album Hell Is What You Make It, blackout, a single from the album, became another success for the label. It debuted at No.32 on Billboard Hot 100 and was certified as a gold single, in October 2012, Fearless Records announced that they had launched a sister label called Old Friends Records, which would sign more indie rock artists including Hellogoodbye. In November 2013, Fearless Records announced a second imprint label called Outerloop Records, the label with a back catalog of about 150 albums was acquired by Concord Bicycle Music in May 2015 for an estimated $10,000,000. Chasing Safety Lorna Shore Megosh Youth In Revolt Carousel Hellogoodbye The Static Jacks Wild Party List of record labels Official website Punknews. org Entry on Fearless Records
Fearless Records
–
Fearless Records
5.
Grand Royal
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Grand Royal was the Los Angeles, California-based vanity record label set up in 1992 by the Beastie Boys in conjunction with Capitol Records after the group left Def Jam Recordings. Due to mounting debts, Grand Royal went out of business in 2001 and its assets were sold off via auction on Bid4Assets, these assets did not include any rights to Beastie Boys music. The assets and back catalog were purchased by a group of fans who in turn started GR2 Records, Grand Royal was also the name of a magazine written and published by the group. It was most famous for its article Mulling Over the Mullet in issue two, which lampooned the mullet hairstyle, List of record labels List of Grand Royal artists GR2 Records
Grand Royal
–
Grand Royal Logo
6.
De Facto (band)
–
De Facto was a dub reggae band which included Cedric Bixler-Zavala, Omar Rodríguez-López, Isaiah Ikey Owens and Jeremy Michael Ward. The band began as small jam sessions after At the Drive-In shows, the original band consisted of Omar, Cedric, and Jeremy playing local shows around their home town, El Paso, Texas. Cedric said, Yeah actually we used to be called the Sphinktators, Omar was actually the singer of the Sphinktators and remembers, We used psychedelic sounds, Cedric played the bass, Jeremy played guitar, and Ralph Jasso played drums. For their first recording they brainstormed the name De Facto Cadre Dub, Ralph Jasso moved to keyboards but soon quit the band. The self-titled recording was released as a limited vinyl pressing in 1999. Through Headquarter Records, now known as Restart Records, Omar met Ikey Owens at a hip hop show. They exchanged numbers and then Ikey met up with them during one of their shows, after relocating to the west coast, Ikey joined the band full-time. Following the break-up of At the Drive-in in 2001 Omar and Cedric switched their focus on De Facto, légende du Scorpion à Quatre Queues, which would be the last De Facto album, followed the same year, released through Modern City Records. Both albums combined bands studio recordings made in 2000 with live recordings from the European tour in 2001, in 2001, the members of the band teamed up with bassist Eva Gardner and drummer Blake Fleming to form The Mars Volta. Despite this, they continued to play live shows in the following years. During that time, Omar met John Frusciante at one of the shows, the band however did not put out any new material, and following death of Jeremy Ward in May 2003 due to drug overdose, any future re-groupings of De Facto appeared highly unlikely. In the same interview, Bixler-Zavala also stated that he will be returning to the drums for the production, to date, it has not been confirmed if the sessions actually happened. Omar Rodriguez-Lopez however mentioned the possibility of releasing a documentary from the bands European tours, Ikey Owens died of a heart attack in 2014, while on tour with Jack White. De Factos general style was instrumental dub, influenced by the sounds of the likes of King Tubby. However they also dabbled in electronica, Latin and salsa music, the bands writing process was largely improvisational, based on an exchange of ideas using drum and bass rhythms as the songs spines. A lot of ideas led to what would become the members next band. Omar Rodríguez-López — bass Cedric Bixler-Zavala — drums Isaiah Ikey Owens — keyboards Jeremy Michael Ward — sound manipulation, vocals, melodica, légende du Scorpion à Quatre Queues De Facto 456132015 How Do You Dub. At the Drive-In The Mars Volta
De Facto (band)
–
Omar Rodríguez-López, Jeremy Michael Ward, Cedric Bixler-Zavala, Isaiah "Ikey" Owens
7.
The Mars Volta
–
The Mars Volta was an American rock band from El Paso, Texas, formed in 2001. The bands final lineup consisted of Omar Rodríguez-López, Cedric Bixler-Zavala, Juan Alderete, Marcel Rodríguez-López, the band formed following the break-up of Rodríguez-López and Bixler-Zavalas previous band, At the Drive-In. They are known for their live shows and their concept albums. In 2009, the band won a Grammy Award in the Best Hard Rock Performance category for the song Wax Simulacra, in 2008, they were named Best Prog-Rock Band by Rolling Stone magazine. In September 2012 it was announced that the Mars Volta had entered a hiatus, with Rodríguez-López and Parks forming a new project, four months later, the band announced their breakup. Bixler-Zavala and Alderete subsequently formed a new band, Zavalaz, Rodríguez-López and Bixler-Zavala eventually reunited in 2014 for a new project, Antemasque. Yknow, changing of time and the changeover, and Mars, were just fascinated by science fiction so and its something that ultimately looked as in anything I write, its meaning is always up to the listener. The roots of the Mars Volta are found in the band At the Drive-In, ATDI imploded on the verge of breakthrough, partly due to boredom, partly to musical differences. Due to creative differences and discomfort with mainstream success and drug abuse, Rodríguez-López, the remaining members of the band formed Sparta. During 2001 Eva Gardner joined the members of De Facto on bass, the lineup for their first public show at Chain Reaction in Anaheim, California was Rodríguez-López, Bixler-Zavala, Owens, Gardner, Ward, and drummer Jon Theodore. This lineup recorded three tracks with Alex Newport, which became the EP Tremulant, released in early 2002 by Gold Standard Laboratories. After the demise of At the Drive-In, Rodríguez-López and Bixler-Zavala found themselves once again starting from the ground up, in their early years the Mars Volta were characterized by chaotic live shows and heavy drug use. Whereas Tremulant had no general theme De-Loused was a work of speculative fiction telling the first-person story of someone in a drug-induced coma. He died jumping from the Mesa Street overpass onto Interstate-10 in El Paso during afternoon rush-hour traffic, hes got this thing about representing the common mans ears—Id rather jab the common mans ears. If we dont, well never get to a place where future music exists, the Mars Volta had no official bassist during the recording session, but Flea played bass on nine of the albums ten songs, with Justin Meldal-Johnsen playing double bass on Televators. Fleas bandmate John Frusciante also contributed guitar, synthesizer and backing vocals to Cicatriz ESP. After several temporary replacements, a permanent bassist for the band was found in Juan Alderete, despite limited promotion, De-Loused earned strong reviews, and appeared on several year-end best-of lists. The album remains the Mars Voltas best-seller, with over 500,000 copies sold, Rolling Stone ranked a track from De-Loused, Drunkship of Lanterns, the 91st Best Guitar Song Ever
The Mars Volta
–
The Mars Volta on stage at the Vegoose Festival.
The Mars Volta
–
Live at
Paradiso –
Amsterdam October 16, 2005.
The Mars Volta
–
Live at
Birmingham Academy November 30, 2005 with drummer
Jon Theodore.
The Mars Volta
–
The Mars Volta playing with
John Frusciante in
Toronto on September 25, 2006.
8.
Sleepercar
–
Sleepercar is the alternative country project of Jim Ward, a member of Sparta and former member of At the Drive-In. Regarding the band, Ward has noted that, I think it always be “my” band. Sleepercars beginning can be traced back to the end of At the Drive-In, the oldest Sleepercar song, Fences Down, was written during a sound check at one of At the Drive-Ins last shows. After the band had parted ways, Ward had expressed interest in the genre of alt-country, however, Sparta was formed and it became the main focus. During down time between Sparta albums and tours, Ward worked on finishing Sleepercar material and it would take several writing sessions before the songs had achieved their final incarnations. During these sessions, Ward was introduced to Chris Heinrich, Heinrich would go on to perform pedal steel guitar on the Sparta album Threes, Ukulele on Wards Quiet EP, and finally pedestal for Sleepercar. Micah Adams, Clint Myers, Wards father Jeff Ward, Gonzalez has also performed in Sparta during the bands earlier tours for Wiretap Scars. In 2005, Sleepercar was approached to open a show in El Paso and they would perform with a revised line up now including Matthew Schmitz on drums and Wards brother in law Clay Anderson on guitar. Videos of this show were taken and have shown up on YouTube, in the Summer of 2008, the band toured with City and Colour. In the Fall of 2008, they supported Coldplay on their U. S. tour, in September 2010, the bands trailer was stolen in San Antonio, with a large amount of gear inside of it. A list of the gear was published on their website
Sleepercar
–
Sleepercar
9.
Sparta (band)
–
Sparta is an American rock band from El Paso, Texas, formed in 2001. Founding members Jim Ward and Tony Hajjar are also members of post-hardcore group At the Drive-In, Keeley Davis is the former frontman of Engine Down. After the demise of their previous band, At the Drive-In, drummer Tony Hajjar and bassist Paul Hinojos got together, Hinojos contacted former At the Drive-In guitarist and back-up vocalist Jim Ward to take the role of lead vocalist. The band then scored a deal with Dreamworks in 2001, the band released their first EP entitled Austere in early 2002 under the name Sparta. The EP met with mixed reviews, with most believing that the group had talent and the ability, in August 2002, Sparta released their debut full-length album, Wiretap Scars. The album, although not well received by all of the mainstream Post-hardcore audience, brought well-earned respect, the record was deemed a cleaner, more accessible sound than ATDIs distortion fueled offerings. Sparta maintained its underground following with shows at venues throughout North America. On May 25,2003, Wards cousin, Jeremy, died of a heroin overdose, Jeremy was at the time the sound manipulator for The Mars Volta created by former At the Drive-In bandmates Cedric Bixler-Zavala and Omar Rodríguez-López, and frontman of De Facto. The loss of his cousin would have a profound and lasting impact on Ward, the band resumed writing new material, and on March 19,2004 recorded a live album at La Zona Rosa. The album had seven tracks and six songs, including two previously unrecorded tracks, Lines in Sand and La Cerca, the album captured some of the live performance experience, but was not sold in stores and only available as a promotional CD. Videos for the songs Cut Your Ribbon, Mye, and La Cerca can be found online, in July 2004, the band released their second album, Porcelain. Despite popular belief, none of the tracks are fueled by the loss of Jeremy Ward, tracks such as Death in the Family and Travel by Bloodline stem from other personal losses, such as Jim Wards grandfather and a close friend. I dont think Ill ever make peace with that, he says, immediately prior to the release, Sparta toured as the opening act for Incubus, after which followed their own headlining tour. On the title of the album, Ward remarked, I just liked the word Porcelain and what it implied, Something thats really beautiful and durable, in 2005, after pulling the band off the road mid-tour, Ward said he needed to re-group. I walked out in the middle of a tour, I needed to get away from everything and everyone. I wasnt enjoying myself at all, and I didnt feel my life or the band was where I wanted it to be, I needed to step back and reassess everything. For two months, he retreated to his home without speaking to anyone in his professional life. In an article with PE. com, Ward said, When I left, I honestly didnt know if I was going to continue the band or not, so I told everyone to pursue whatever they wanted
Sparta (band)
–
Sparta live in 2007
Sparta (band)
–
Porcelain (2004)
10.
Cedric Bixler-Zavala
–
Currently he is a singer in the band Antemasque, and also sings and plays guitar in his band Zavalaz. He has also played drums for a number of acts, including the dub act De Facto and more recently Big Sir, Bixler-Zavala has a Tenor voice type, with a range spanning from D2 to C7. In 2016, it was revealed that Bixler-Zavala developed vocal nodules. Bixler-Zavala is fond of Frank Zappaesque humour and writes in English, Spanish, “I love to take common sayings, pervert them, mutate them a little. So you think I am singing one thing, but when you read it, it is different. ”When performing with At the Drive-in and The Mars Volta, Bixler-Zavala was known for his eccentric on-stage behavior. Under the pseudonym Alavaz Relxib Cirdec, Bixler-Zavala contributed a single to the GSL Special 12 Singles Series, released in December 2005. Their self-titled debut album was released by ATP Records in June 2012, Bixler has stated that he has been working on an album with the last Mars Volta drummer Deantoni Parks, although it remains unreleased to date. Since 2011 Bixler was working on album, which he described as mostly ballady type stuff. a very sunday morning record. Eventually the solo project turned into a band named Zavalaz. The band is set to play a number of West Coast tour dates throughout June, supported by Dot Hacker, on June 3,2013, a snippet from song Blue Rose of Grand Street off their upcoming album All the Nights We Never Met was released on YouTube. Cedric has been back into the studio after reuniting with Omar Rodriguez López due to Red Hot Chili Peppers bassist, Flea and they have now formed a supergroup together called Antemasque with ex-Mars Volta drummer Dave Elitch. Recording new material and new a new album to be released in 2014, fans have cited that as Flea & Dave have played with the Mars Volta prior, a Mars Volta reunion could be in the works. Bixler-Zavala has 1/4 German and 3/4 Mexican-Spanish heritage, most of his Spanish ancestry can be traced to Galicia and Navarre in Spain. His Spanish maternal surname Zavala, is a Spanish version of Zabala and his earliest paternal ancestors on his mothers side were fishermen and traders from the Basque region of Gipuzkoa and were employed by the Spanish government as colonists to the New World. Their names were Antonio-Joaquin de Zabala and Francesca Maria de Navarro. in New Orleans, the Zabalas chose to marry in Mexico over Cuba or Louisiana, and the Zatarains chose to settle in Louisiana. In 2009 Bixler-Zavala married actress and model Chrissie Carnell, the couple reside in Los Angeles, California. They had their first children, twin boys Ulysses and Xanthus, Cedrics life has been heavily impacted by the deaths of people who have been in close association with him, several of which have become themes for his lyrics. Jimmy Hernandez, bass player for Los Dregtones, died of cancer in 1994, bernie Rincon, an original drummer of At The Drive-In, committed suicide
Cedric Bixler-Zavala
–
Cedric Bixler-Zavala live at the LC Pavilion in Columbus, OH
Cedric Bixler-Zavala
–
Cedric Bixler-Zavala in 2008
11.
Paul Hinojos
–
Pablo J. Hinojos-Gonzalez, also known as Paul Hinojos, is an American musician best known as the bass guitarist for At The Drive In, and former touring member of The Mars Volta. He is also a former guitarist of Sparta, Hinojos was born in Los Angeles. He met future bandmate Omar Rodríguez-López at the age of 13 and apparently introduced Omar to another close friend and collaborator Cedric Bixler-Zavala. Rodriguez-Lopez and Bixler-Zavala would later ask him to join At the Drive-In after some significant member changes in 1996, making him a part of the bands most successful and well-known line up. After At the Drive-In took a hiatus in 2001, Hinojos, along with fellow ATDI members Jim Ward and Tony Hajjar. Hinojos left Sparta in 2005, quoted as saying, My time with Sparta has run its course, a few days later, it was announced that he had joined The Mars Volta, where he took up the role of 2nd guitar in addition to sound manipulator role. Hinojos left The Mars Volta later in 2009 after being asked by Rodriguez-Lopez and he was said to be beginning a solo project, Hour of the Monarchy, alongside John Frusciante in 2008, although the Negativa EP that was announced has yet to be released. Paul was next working along with other familiar collaborators Eric Salas, Ralph Jasso, Gabriel was also involved with producing Negativa. They were said to be releasing an EP as well which remains unreleased, Hinojos also co-produced the film The Sentimental Engine Slayer with Mars Volta bandmates Omar Rodríguez-López and Juan Alderete. More, recently, Hinojos has been working on a new project with Daniel Anderson, Mark Gajadhar and Cody Votolato and he collaborates further with Cody Votolato in Jaguar Love. In January 2012, Hinojos reunited with his bandmates of At the Drive-In and played at Red7 in Austin, Tx and their first studio album in 17 years, in•ter a•li•a, will be released on May 5,2017 via Rise
Paul Hinojos
–
Pablo Hinojos (Paul Hinojos)
12.
Tony Hajjar
–
Tony Hajjar is a Lebanese American drummer, best known for playing in At the Drive-In and Sparta. As of 2016, he is playing in the reformed At The Drive-In, as well as the new group, Tony also produced and drummed on the forthcoming New Language record. Both New Language and Gone Is Gone made their debuts on April 27,2016 to a sold out crowd at the Dragonfly in Los Angeles. Hajjars family fled Lebanon during the Civil War, moving to the United States and settling in El Paso, when Hajjar was fourteen his mother died from cancer and his father, who had been distant, left the family. His brother, only 18 years old at the time, assumed responsibility for the family and raised Tony, Hajjar joined post-hardcore band At The Drive-In in 1996, becoming the bands fourth drummer. He remained with the band until they split up in 2001, during breaks from touring Hajjar taught chemistry. Following the demise of At The Drive-In Hajjar formed the band Sparta with fellow ATD-I members Paul Hinojos and he also played on several other bands recordings, including Jimmy Eat Worlds Disintegration on their Stay on My Side Tonight EP. As a drummer, his technique is particularly unusual and he plays a right-handed set up, playing right-handed, but switching to his naturally more dominant left hand during fills and rolls. In 2006 Hajjar released a 16-minute short film entitled Eme Nakia as part of an edition of Spartas album
Tony Hajjar
–
Tony Hajjar in 2006
13.
Keeley Davis
–
Keeley Davis is an American guitarist, singer, songwriter and graphic designer. He is best known as a member of the post-hardcore band At the Drive-In, with whom he has recorded one studio album, Davis is also a former member of the rock bands Sparta and Engine Down. He was the lead singer of the band Engine Down. He was also in the band Denali with his sister, Maura Davis, Engine Down disbanded after a farewell tour in 2005, and Davis joined Sparta as lead guitarist. Davis has since recollaborated with Maura in the ambient indie rock side-project Glös, formed by him and their debut album, Harmonium, was released in April 2007 on Lovitt Records. As of 2009, he is working with new band, Heks Orkest, as of March 2016, Davis is a touring member of At the Drive-In, following the sudden departure of guitarist and founding member Jim Ward. Since 2005, Davis has performed alongside Ward in Sparta, all of Davis pedals, two guitars and one amplifier were stolen when their storage facility in Los Angeles was broken into, so the equipment he performs with as of May 2007 is mostly new
Keeley Davis
–
with
Sparta at
San Diego, May 2007
Keeley Davis
–
Keeley Davis playing lead guitar during Sparta's 2006 tour.
14.
Jim Ward (musician)
–
James David Ward is an American musician. While in At the Drive-In, Ward played guitar and sang vocals, as well as playing piano. He performed lead vocals on two tracks, entitled Hourglass and Ursa Minor, as well as singing co-lead with lead vocalist Cedric Bixler-Zavala on a number of tracks. Using the money from his savings, he created the label Western Breed Records specifically to release Hell Paso and Alfaro Vive. At the Drive-ins first two releases, after the demise of At the Drive-In, Ward has stated that he is happy with the break-up, that he started the band when he was 17, and felt like he was always 17 while in the band. On January 9,2012, it was announced that At the Drive-In were reforming, on March 18th 2016, days before the 2016 reunion tour would start, ATDI announced on Facebook that Jim would not be joining the tour. We wish him well and are excited to see you soon, the band, Sparta, wrote nearly nine songs in their first week of rehearsal, with all members incorporating ideas and lyrics. Ward cites Radiohead and Billy Joel as influences for his song-writing during this period, Sparta eventually signed a record contract with the Geffen media company and released its debut album, Wiretap Scars, in 2002. Ward was born in El Paso, Texas and he is a 1994 graduate of El Paso High School Hell Paso Alfaro Vive, Carajo. Acrobatic Tenement In/Casino/Out Vaya Relationship of Command This Station Is Non-Operational Austere Wiretap Scars Live at La Zona Rosa 3.19.04 Porcelain Threes How Will We Know When Were Dead. Fernandes Monterey X - Ward owned two Monterey X model guitars, one of which had a sticker of the Welsh flag below the bridge, amplifiers Marshall Cabinet and Head Mesa Boogie Head Ward uses several different guitars and amplifiers while performing with Sparta. Since the equipment Ward uses changes from tour to tour, the following is a list of some of the equipment he has been seen using and this guitar was recently stolen from the bands storage facility in Los Angeles. 72 Fender Telecaster Deluxe - Neck pickup, tone and control dials for neck pickup, Ward employs two of these, one with a black pickguard, and one with a tortoise shell pickguard. However, Ward may have replaced the pickguard at some point, Ward also wrote for the El Paso weekly alternative magazine Whats Up, in a column entitled From the End of this Pen. Ward now co-owns a café, Eloise, and a bar/music venue, in the fall of 2009, Ward was a performer on Chuck Ragans Revival Tour, alongside Ragan, Tim Barry, Jenny Owen Youngs, Kevin Seconds, Audra Mae, Frank Turner and others. Wards main outlet for news is his co-owned, newly improved website, the website was redesigned, and reopened on February 14,2011. It also features his new blog, spartas Official Site Jim Wards page on Vox Amps Jims Five Favorite Songs off Dischord Records Interview with Jim on Late Night Wallflower 2008 Stereokill Interview, January 4th 2009
Jim Ward (musician)
–
Jim Ward in 2006
15.
Punk rock
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Punk rock is a rock music genre that developed in the early to mid-1970s in the United States, United Kingdom, and Australia. Rooted in 1960s garage rock and other forms of what is now known as proto-punk music, Punk bands typically produced short or fast-paced songs, with hard-edged melodies and singing styles, stripped-down instrumentation, and often political, anti-establishment lyrics. Punk embraces a DIY ethic, many bands self-produce recordings and distribute them through informal channels, the term punk was first used in relation to rock music by some American critics in the early 1970s, to describe garage bands and their devotees. The following year saw punk rock spreading around the world, for the most part, punk took root in local scenes that tended to reject association with the mainstream. An associated punk subculture emerged, expressing youthful rebellion and characterized by distinctive styles of clothing and adornment, by the beginning of the 1980s, faster, more aggressive styles such as hardcore and street punk had become the predominant mode of punk rock. Musicians identifying with or inspired by punk also pursued a range of other variations, giving rise to post-punk. At the end of the 20th century, punk rock had been adopted by the mainstream, as pop punk and punk bands such as Green Day. The first wave of rock was aggressively modern, distancing itself from the bombast. According to Ramones drummer Tommy Ramone, In its initial form, unfortunately, what happens is that people who could not hold a candle to the likes of Hendrix started noodling away. Soon you had endless solos that went nowhere, by 1973, I knew that what was needed was some pure, stripped down, no bullshit rock n roll. In critic Robert Christgaus description, It was also a subculture that rejected the political idealism. Technical accessibility and a DIY spirit are prized in punk rock, in the early days of punk rock, this ethic stood in marked contrast to what those in the scene regarded as the ostentatious musical effects and technological demands of many mainstream rock bands. Musical virtuosity was often looked on with suspicion, according to Holmstrom, punk rock was rock and roll by people who didnt have very many skills as musicians but still felt the need to express themselves through music. In December 1976, the English fanzine Sideburns published an illustration of three chords, captioned This is a chord, this is another, this is a third. The title of a 1980 single by the New York punk band Stimulators, inscribed a catchphrase for punks basic musical approach. The previous year, when the rock revolution began in Great Britain, was to be both a musical and a cultural Year Zero. As a Clash associate describes singer Joe Strummers outlook, Punk rock is meant to be our freedom, were meant to be able to do what we want to do. Scholar Daniel S. Traber argues that attaining authenticity in the identity can be difficult, as the punk scene matured, he observes
Punk rock
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The
Ramones ' 1976
debut album laid down the musical "blueprint for punk", while its cover image had a similarly formative influence on punk visual style.
Punk rock
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Johnny Rotten and Steve Jones of the Sex Pistols
Punk rock
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The Clash, performing in 1980
Punk rock
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British punks, circa 1986
16.
Extended play
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An extended play is a musical recording that contains more tracks than a single, but is usually unqualified as an album or LP. EPs generally do not contain as many tracks as albums, and are considered less expensive, an EP originally referred to specific types of vinyl records other than 78 rpm standard play and LP, but it is now applied to mid-length CDs and downloads as well. Ricardo Baca of The Denver Post said, EPs—originally extended-play single releases that are shorter than traditional albums—have long been popular with punk, in the United Kingdom, the Official Chart Company defines a boundary between EP and album classification at 25 minutes of length or four tracks. EPs were released in various sizes in different eras, the earliest multi-track records, issued around 1919 by Grey Gull Records, were vertically cut 78 rpm discs known as 2-in-1 records. These had finer than usual grooves, like Edison Disc Records, by 1949, when the 45 rpm single and 33 1⁄3 rpm LP were competing formats, seven-inch 45 rpm singles had a maximum playing time of only about four minutes per side. Partly as an attempt to compete with the LP introduced in 1948 by rival Columbia, RCA Victor introduced Extended Play 45s during 1952. Their narrower grooves, achieved by lowering the levels and sound compression optionally. These were usually 10-inch LPs split onto two seven-inch EPs or 12-inch LPs split onto three seven-inch EPs, either separately or together in gatefold covers. This practice became less common with the advent of triple-speed-available phonographs. Some classical music albums released at the beginning of the LP era were distributed as EP albums—notably the seven operas that Arturo Toscanini conducted on radio between 1944 and 1954. These opera EPs, originally broadcast on the NBC Radio network and manufactured by RCA, in the 1990s, they began appearing on compact discs. During the 1950s, RCA published several EP albums of Walt Disney movies and these usually featured the original casts of actors and actresses. Each album contained two seven-inch records, plus an illustrated booklet containing the text of the recording, so that children could follow along by reading. Some of the titles included Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs, Pinocchio, and what was then a recent release, because of the popularity of 7 and other formats, SP records became less popular and the production of SPs in Japan was suspended in 1963. In the 1950s and 1960s, EPs were usually compilations of singles or album samplers and were played at 45 rpm on seven-inch discs. Record Retailer printed the first EP chart in 1960, the New Musical Express, Melody Maker, Disc and Music Echo and the Record Mirror continued to list EPs on their respective singles charts. The Beatles Twist and Shout outsold most singles for some weeks in 1963, when the BBC and Record Retailer commissioned the British Market Research Bureau to compile a chart it was restricted to singles and EPs disappeared from the listings. In the Philippines, seven-inch EPs marketed as mini-LPs were introduced in 1970, with tracks selected from an album and this mini-LP format also became popular in America in the early 1970s for promotional releases, and also for use in jukeboxes
Extended play
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Extended-play vinyl record
Extended play
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Filben Maestro 78 rpm jukebox
17.
Relationship of Command
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Relationship of Command is the third studio album by the post-hardcore band At the Drive-In, and was released in September 2000. The band reached mainstream success through the album, if only for a time before their break-up in 2001. The album combines an aggressive hardcore edge with a drive, harmonious and emotive vocals. While the album continues in the style of At the Drive-Ins previous albums. Relationship of Command was voted 12th out of 100 in the Albums of the Decade by NME, Relationship of Command was recorded over a seven-week period starting on January 17,2000, following a tour supporting Rage Against the Machine. The album was recorded at the Indigo Ranch Studios, in Malibu, California, known for his unorthodox production methods, Robinson at one point took bass player Paul Hinojos for a drive in his SUV through the hills of Malibu to get his adrenaline going prior to recording. He also brought Iggy Pop to the studio for a guest appearance, I don’t know if they ever did, but they’d sort of been chatting, so Ross had passed him our previous records and he liked them. So, of course I brought up the idea, “Why not come and do something on the album. ”Ross mentioned it to Iggy and he came down to the studio for a whole day in which he sang and did the ransom note. The albums cover artwork, illustrated by Damon Locks, all revolve around imagery of the Trojan War, the album initially received generally positive reviews, with Metacritic giving the album an aggregate score of 77. The album is now seen as one of the most influential albums of the decade. A retrospective BBC music review hailed the significance of Relationship of Commands uniqueness, calling the album mesmerising, in 2005, the album was ranked number 423 in Rock Hard magazines book of The 500 Greatest Rock & Metal Albums of All Time. The album is seen as an influential guitar album, being ranked number 94 in a Guitar World readers poll of the 100 greatest guitar albums of all time. This list appeared in the October 2006 issue of Guitar World, however, despite this success, the band went on an indefinite hiatus in 2001, with the members splitting to form The Mars Volta and Sparta. In an interview with Alternative Press in September 2010 when asked Whats your least favorite thing about the album, I just find it the most passive, plastic. Its the one record I still to this day cannot listen to. The album was included in Rock Sounds 101 Modern Classics list at number 4, the board mix of the album was released by the band in 2013 on their 21st Chapter Records label. The album was ranked at number 177 on Spins The 300 Best Albums of the Past 30 Years list, All tracks written by At the Drive-In
Relationship of Command
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Relationship of Command
18.
Coachella Valley Music and Arts Festival
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It was co-founded by Paul Tollett and Rick Van Santen in 1999, and is organized by Goldenvoice, a subsidiary of AEG Live as of 2001. The event features many genres of music, including rock, indie, hip hop, across the grounds, several stages continuously host live music. The main stages are the, Coachella Stage, Gobi Tent, Mojave Tent, Outdoor Theatre, and Sahara Tent, the festivals origins trace back to a 1993 concert that Pearl Jam performed at the Empire Polo Club while boycotting venues controlled by Ticketmaster. After no event was held in 2000, Coachella returned on an annual basis beginning in April 2001, in 2002, the festival reverted to a two-day format. Coachella was expanded to a day in 2007 and eventually a second weekend in 2012, it is currently held on consecutive three-day weekends in April. Organizers began permitting spectators to camp on the grounds in 2003, Coachella showcases popular and established musical artists, as well as emerging artists and reunited groups. Coachella is one of the largest, most famous, and most profitable music festivals in the United States, the 2016 festival sold 198,000 tickets and grossed $94.2 million. On November 5,1993, Pearl Jam performed for almost 25,000 fans at the Empire Polo Club in Indio, the site was selected because the band refused to play in Los Angeles as a result of a dispute with Ticketmaster. Around 1997, Goldenvoice was struggling to book concerts against larger companies, Tollett said, We were getting our ass kicked financially. We were losing a lot of bands, and we couldnt compete with the money. As a result, the idea of a festival was conceived. While attending the 1997 Glastonbury Festival, Tollett began to brainstorm ideas for a festival of his own with multiple venues. His intent was to book artists who were not necessarily chart successes, Maybe if you put a bunch of them together. Press coverage leading up to the inaugural Coachella Valley Music and Arts Festival was dominated by Woodstock 1999, a festival in July 1999 that was marred by looting, arson, violence, and rapes. Goldenvoices insurance costs increased 40% as a result and they faced uncertainty regarding Coachellas tickets, organizers were already aiming to provide a high-comfort festival experience for Coachella but rededicated themselves to those efforts after Woodstock 1999. Advertisements boasted free water fountains, ample restrooms, and misting tents, on October 9–10,1999, the inaugural Coachella Valley Music and Arts Festival was held. Headlining the event were Beck, the Chemical Brothers, Tool, Morrissey, originally, promoters had hoped to make the event three days and even considered the UK band Massive Attack as the third-day headliner. The organizers strived to recreate European music festivals with small crowds in a setting with plenty of turntables
Coachella Valley Music and Arts Festival
Coachella Valley Music and Arts Festival
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Daft Punk 's performance at Coachella 2006 is frequently cited as one of the most memorable in the festival's history.
Coachella Valley Music and Arts Festival
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The sun sets over the Coachella Stage in 2011
Coachella Valley Music and Arts Festival
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The Outdoor Theatre in 2012 during a performance by
The Weeknd
19.
Lollapalooza Festival
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Lollapalooza /ˌlɒləpəˈluːzə/ is an annual music festival featuring popular alternative rock, heavy metal, punk rock, hip hop, and EDM bands and artists, dance and comedy performances and craft booths. It has also provided a platform for non-profit and political groups, conceived and created in 1991 by Janes Addiction singer Perry Farrell as a farewell tour for his band, Lollapalooza ran annually until 1997, and was revived in 2003. From its inception through 1997 and its revival in 2003, the festival toured North America, in 2004, the festival organizers decided to expand the dates to two days per city, but poor ticket sales forced the 2004 tour to be cancelled. In 2011, the company Geo Events confirmed the Brazilian version of the event, the music festival hosts more than 160,000 people over a two or three day period. Lollapalooza is broadcast live and globally on Red Bull TV and its earliest known use was in 1896. In time the term came to refer to a large lollipop. Farrell, searching for a name for his festival, liked the euphonious quality of the term upon hearing it in a Three Stooges short film. Paying homage to the double meaning, a character in the festivals original logo holds one of the lollipops. The word has caused a slang suffix to appear in event-planning circles as well as in news and opinion shows that is used synonymously with other suffixes like a-go-go, o-rama. The suffix palooza is often used to imply that an event or crowd was made over that term, e. g. Parks-apalooza, Nipple-apalooza. Another key concept behind Lollapalooza was the inclusion of non-musical features, performers like the Jim Rose Circus Side Show, an alternative freak show, and the Shaolin monks stretched the boundaries of traditional rock culture. There was a tent for display of art pieces, virtual reality games and it was at Lollapalooza where Farrell coined the term Alternative Nation. Punk rock standbys like mosh pits and crowd surfing became part of the canon of the concerts, after 1991, the festival included a second stage for up-and-coming bands or local acts. Attendee complaints of the festival included high ticket prices as well as the high cost for food, grunge band Nirvana was scheduled to headline at the festival in 1994, but the band officially dropped out of the festival on April 7,1994. Nirvana frontman Kurt Cobains body was discovered in Seattle the next day, Cobains widow, Courtney Love, made guest appearances at several shows, including the Philadelphia show at FDR Park, speaking to the crowds about the loss, then singing a minimum of two songs. In 1996, Farrell, who had been the soul of the festival, decided to focus his energy to produce his new project, ENIT. Moreover, festival cofounder Farrell felt that Metallicas macho image violated his peaceful vision for the festival, Farrell quit the tour in protest. Responding to the controversial Metallica tour, Lollapalooza made efforts to revive its relevance to audiences, the festival booked eclectic acts such as country superstar Waylon Jennings in 1996, and emphasized heavily electronica groups such as The Orb and The Prodigy in 1997
Lollapalooza Festival
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Lollapalooza 2011.
Lollapalooza Festival
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Nine Inch Nails frontman
Trent Reznor during the 1991 Lollapalooza festival.
Lollapalooza Festival
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Lady Gaga performed first at the festival in 2007 with
Lady Starlight before she was famous. (left) She returned three years later in 2010 with the
Semi Precious Weapons as an internationally known singer. (right)
Lollapalooza Festival
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Features and attractions
20.
Acrobatic Tenement
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Acrobatic Tenement is the debut studio album by American post-hardcore band At the Drive-In, released on August 18,1996 on Flipside. The album, along with In/Casino/Out and Relationship of Command, was reissued by Fearless Records in 2004, only one of the albums tracks made it to the 2005 compilation album, This Station Is Non-Operational, with Initiation appearing as a live BBC recording. The record was recorded in Los Angeles for only $600 after concluding a U. S. tour, reflecting upon the aftermath of recording Acrobatic Tenement, vocalist Cedric Bixler stated in 2013, Before, the band had broken up. We did a U. S. tour and we decided to split up, I always needed Jim to be there, but hed had a falling out with Omar. Wed made a bunch of dumb moves at the time — kicked the drummer who was on the record out, Omar switched to guitar at the time, because he played bass on that album, so when we played live, it was a lot different. Much of the album, including the track Ebroglio, was inspired by the life and suicide of Julio Venegas, Venegas later became the inspiration of The Mars Voltas 2003 album De-Loused in the Comatorium. Cedric Bixler – Lead vocals Jim Ward – Guitar, back-up vocals Adam Amparan – Guitar Omar Rodríguez – Bass Ryan Sawyer – Drums
Acrobatic Tenement
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Acrobatic Tenement
21.
Ford E-Series
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The Ford E-Series is a range of full-size vans produced by Ford Motor Company. Introduced for the 1961 model year as the replacement for the Ford F-Series panel van, in addition to cargo van and passenger van body styles, the Ford E-Series has been produced as a cutaway van chassis and stripped chassis. With a 56-year production run, the Ford E-Series is the second longest-produced nameplate by Ford worldwide, for the 2015 model year, the Ford E-Series cargo/passenger vans were replaced in North America by the Ford Transit introduced worldwide in 2013. As of the 2017 model year, only cutaway and stripped chassis configurations of the E-Series are produced, since 2006, the E-Series has been assembled at the Ford Motor Company Ohio Assembly plant in Avon Lake, Ohio. From 1961 to 2005, the Ford E-Series was assembled at Lorain Assembly in Lorain, commercial or fleet users represented 95% of sales, with cargo vans accounting for nearly half of production. Based on the compact Ford Falcon automobile, the first Ford Econoline was introduced to the public on September 21,1960 for the 1961 model year based on sketches that were dated 1957. The Ford models were sized to compete with the Chevrolet Greenbrier, Dodge A100, and the Volkswagen Type 2, the Volkswagen van had made an impact on the marketplace, thus Dodge, Chevrolet and Ford responded with their own versions. Originally offered as a van, a window van with or without seats with up to three rows of seating, offering a maximum eight-passenger capacity, and as a pickup truck. A165 lb counterweight was fitted over the wheels to balance the front-heavy vehicle. The 1961 Econoline made Ford the first American manufacturer to offer a van series as it is now known, early models had a 144 cu in I6 engine with a three-speed manual transmission. Later models had 170 cu in or 240 cu in I6 engines with a manual or an automatic transmission. Ford had projections for building more Econoline pickups than vans, but buyers preferred conventional body design and these closed van body versions were popular as service vehicles, such as with utilities like the Bell Telephone System. In its first year,29,932 standard vans,6,571 custom Econoline buses,11,893 standard pickups, the Econoline was sold as a Mercury alongside the M-Series truck lineup. For 1966 and 1967, Lorain-built Econolines were exported to Canada, production numbers were low, for example, a total of 1,291 Mercury Econoline pickup trucks were built in 1965. Only the first generation of Econolines were sold under the Mercury badge in Canada, the next van sold by the division would be the 1993 Villager minivan. Instead of calling it a 1968 or 1968.5 model, shedding its Falcon roots, the second-generation Econoline became a heavier-duty vehicle, sharing many of its underpinnings with the F-Series full-size pickups. While the unibody construction of the previous generation van was carried over, as they had become introduced as options in Dodge and Chevrolet/GMC vans, Ford introduced a V8 engine option into the powertrain line. With the change of chassis and axle configurations, the Econoline gained a conventional hood for engine access, to aid in engine compartment ventilation, the model was given a conventional grille, styled similar to the F-Series
Ford E-Series
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Ford E-Series
Ford E-Series
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1961–1967 Econoline with camper conversion
Ford E-Series
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1961–1967 Ford Econoline (customized)
Ford E-Series
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1961–1967 Falcon van
22.
Flipside (fanzine)
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Flipside, originally known as Los Angeles Flip Side, was a punk zine published in Whittier and Pasadena, California from 1977 to 2000. In addition to publication of the magazine, the magazine was associated with its own label, Flipside Records, releasing vinyl records. As one of the first and longest running U. S. punk rock fanzines, known for its highly opinionated cast of writers, Flipside evolved from a photocopied fanzine to a magazine produced by web offset printing and featuring glossy covers. Los Angeles Flip Side was launched in 1977 in Whittier, California by five Whittier High School friends, including editor, the initial issues of the publication were produced by means of a photocopy machine, with Kowalewskis first modest goal set at selling 1,000 copies per issue. Later issues were produced on newsprint via a high speed web press, from 1979 until 1989, the magazine was co-owned and co-edited by Hudley Hud Flipside, a pseudonym of Holly Duval Cornell. By the magazines sixth anniversary in the summer of 1983, the run had grown to 6,500 for America. Flipside fanzine put on a Burning Man-style festival in Californias Mojave Desert at a known as Jawbone Canyon for several years during the mid-1990s. It was much smaller and more localized than the actual Burning Man festivals, special guests included Fugazi, The Offspring and Hawkwinds Nik Turner. For several years, the publishers also produced punk rock records under the label name Flipside Records, inspired by the ability of small local labels such as Dangerhouse Records and Slash Records, Kowalewski and Peter Landswick launched the Flipside label in 1978. We though about it a while and we decided that if Dangerhouse could put out records and if Chris Ashford could put out records and if Slash could put out records, then we could put out records, too. In the next four months we found out all about putting out a private single and we found out about mastering and labels and pressing and acetates and waiting and sleeves and waiting and now we know all there is to know. The moral of this story is If we can do it, so everybody release your own singles. Bands on the roster included Detox, Doggy Style, Bulimia Banquet, Anti-Scrunti Faction, Babyland, Sluts for Hire, Popdefect, Paper Tulips, Flipside Records released the first Beck recordings, a split 7 with the band Bean and the full-length CD Stereopathetic Soulmanure. The editors and staff writers contributing to Flipside were jokingly referred to as the Staph, key contributors included the following, Razorcake — Successor publication founded by Todd Taylor, former Flipside managing editor Punk zine Flipside 30 Year Memorial. —Web index of links relevant to the fanzine Flipside Fanzine Staph, Those who worked on Los Angeles Flipside Fanzine 1979 to 1989, www. hudleyflipside. org/
Flipside (fanzine)
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Flipside, issue 6, 1978.
23.
Southwestern United States
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The population of the area is around 11 million people, with over half that in Arizona, the most populous cities are Phoenix, El Paso, Las Vegas, Albuquerque, and Tucson. Most of the area was part of the Viceroyalty of New Spain in the Spanish Empire before becoming part of Mexico and it became part of the United States through the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo and the Gadsden Purchase. The deserts dominate the southern and western reaches of the area, the two major rivers of the region are the Colorado River, running in the northern and western areas, and the Rio Grande, running in the south. Formed approximately 8000 years ago, the Chihuahuan Desert is a dry desert. The Chihuahuan Desert spreads across the portion of the region, covering from southeastern Arizona, across southern New Mexico. While it is the second largest desert in the United States, only a third of the desert is within the United States, El Paso is the major city in this desert, with other smaller cities being Las Cruces and Roswell in New Mexico. The Chihuahuan is a rain shadow desert, formed two mountain ranges which block oceanic precipitation from reaching the area. The most prolific plants in this region are agave, yucca and creosote bushes, when people think of the desert southwest, the landscape of the Sonoran Desert is what mostly comes to mind. Rainfall averages between 4–12 inches per year, and the deserts most widely known inhabitant is the saguaro cactus and it is bounded on the northwest by the Mojave Desert, to the north by the Colorado Plateau and to the east by the Arizona Mountains forests and the Chihuahuan Desert. The portion of the Sonora Desert which lies in the Southwestern United States is the most populated area within the region. Six of the top ten major population centers of the region are found within its borders, Phoenix, Tucson, Mesa, Chandler, Glendale, also within its borders are Yuma and Prescott Arizona. The most northwest portion of the American Southwest is covered by the Mojave Desert, bordered on the south by the Sonoran Desert and the east by the Colorado Plateau, its range within the region makes up the southeast tip of Nevada, and the northwestern corner of Arizona. In terms of topography, the Mojave is very similar to the Great Basin Desert, the Mojave is the smallest, driest and hottest desert within the United States. The Mojave gets less than six inches of rain annually, the most prolific vegetation is the tall Joshua tree, which grow as tall as 40 feet, and are thought to live almost 1000 years. Other major vegetation includes the Parry saltbush and the Mojave sage, the Colorado Plateau varies from the large stands of forests in the west, including the largest stand of ponderosa pine trees in the world, to the Mesas to the east. Although not called a desert, the Colorado Plateau is mostly made up of high desert, the Plateau is characterized by a series of plateaus and mesas, interspersed with canyons. The most dramatic example is the Grand Canyon, but that is one of many dramatic vistas included within the Plateau, which includes spectacular lava formations, painted deserts, sand dunes, and badlands. One of the most distinctive features of the Plateau is its longevity, the Plateau can be divided into six sections, three of which fall into the Southwest region
Southwestern United States
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Panoramic view of the southwestern United States.
Southwestern United States
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Approximate map of the Southwestern U.S. using the definition of Reed, Meinig, and others.
Southwestern United States
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Saguaro cactus in the Sonoran Desert
Southwestern United States
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The Delicate Arch at
Arches National Park
24.
AFI (band)
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AFI is an American rock band from Ukiah, California, formed in 1991. Of the current lineup, Havok and Carson are the two remaining original members and they have released ten studio albums, ten EPs, one live album and one DVD. The band first reached substantial success with their fifth album, The Art of Drowning. AFI broke into the mainstream with their album, Sing the Sorrow. The album was supported by popular singles Girls Not Grey and Silver and Cold, the Leaving Song Pt. II was also released as a single, reaching number 16 on the chart. Sing the Sorrow was certified Platinum by the RIAA in 2006 and is AFIs best-selling release, another single, Love Like Winter, reached number four on the Modern Rock Tracks chart. Decemberunderground was certified Platinum by the RIAA in 2013, AFIs eighth studio album, Crash Love, was released in 2009 and peaked at number 12 on the Billboard 200. Their ninth album, Burials, was released in 2013 and peaked at nine on the Billboard 200. The bands tenth self-titled album was released on January 20,2017, while still in high school in Ukiah, California, Davey Havok, Mark Stopholese and Vic Chalker formed a band called AFI in November 1991. At the time, the band did not know how to play any instruments, Stopholese suggested his friend, Adam Carson, who had a drum kit join the band. AFIs beginnings were somewhat inauspicious, as Davey Havok laughed in a 1999 interview, Kresge moved to New York where he played with street punk band Blanks 77. Between 1993 and 1995 the band released several vinyl EPs independently and their first full-length, Answer That and Stay Fashionable was released July 4,1995 on Wingnut Records, and was produced by Tim Armstrong. The album featured fast and upbeat songs, with humorous lyrical themes, which are well-vocalized in songs such as Nyquil, Cereal Wars. The albums cover is a parody of the film Reservoir Dogss promotional poster, the album title takes root from a quote spoken in British TV show The Comic Strip Presents. Audio samples from both films/shows and European Vacation are featured in several of the tracks, namely Dont Make Me Ill. AFI signed on to Nitro Records, Dexter Holland of The Offsprings label and they would remain with the label until the release of the 336 EP. Around this time they coined the term East Bay hardcore to describe their genre of music, in 1996, AFI then released their second album, Very Proud of Ya. Two songs from their previous album, Yurf Rendenmein and Two of A Kind, were re-recorded for this album, after several tours in support of the album Very Proud of Ya, Kresge decided to leave the group
AFI (band)
–
AFI performing in
Birmingham, England in 2010. Clockwise from top left:
Davey Havok,
Hunter Burgan,
Jade Puget,
Adam Carson.
AFI (band)
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AFI performing in November 1995 at Berkeley Square.
AFI (band)
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AFI at the Art of Ears studio in Hayward, California during the recording of Black Sails in the Sunset.
AFI (band)
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AFI's sound experienced a major progression with the addition of guitarist Jade Puget, beginning with Black Sails in the Sunset.
25.
Face to Face (punk band)
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Face to Face is a punk rock band from Victorville, California, formed in 1991 by front man Trever Keith, bassist Matt Riddle and drummer Rob Kurth. The band rose to fame with their 1995 album Big Choice, featuring the radio hit Disconnected that was first played by KROQ and appeared in the movies Tank Girl, Face to Face officially split up in September 2004, allowing the band members time to focus on other projects. During that time all the members played in a number of post-Face to Face projects including Legion of Doom, Me First. In April 2008, after a hiatus, Face to Face performed together for the first time at The Glasshouse in Pomona. Since then, the band has continued to perform and has released three studio albums. Face to Face can trace its beginnings to 1988 where Trever Keith, Matt Riddle who had been friends since high school, although no Zero Tolerance records exist, they recorded a demo tape in early 1991 with this line-up. Later in 1991, the decided to take a new musical direction. Shortly afterwards, guitarist Mark Haake left the band and the members continued on as a three-piece. At a show in Montclair, CA in May 1991, the band met Bill Plaster of Dr. Strange Records and was offered a record deal. After accepting Plasters offer, Face to Face entered Westbeach Recorders studio located in Hollywood, CA in October 1991 to record songs for their first album, Dont Turn Away. Once the recording was finished, Dr. Strange Records had difficulty raising the resources to have the recordings pressed, in the interim. Goodwin offered to record the bands newest songs for free so they entered the studio in August 1992 and recorded Nothing New, Pastel and these three songs ended up being included on Dont Turn Away along with the songs recorded at Westbeach Recorders. In 1993, following a tour in Germany supporting Lagwagon, Face to Face added Chad Yaro as an additional guitarist. Before the band recording the new material, they decided to sign a recording contact with a new label. On the heels of the new recording contract, Face to Face entered the studio with producer Thom Wilson, after finishing the recording, Victory Music decided they wanted to a test their distribution system with a new release. To do so they assembled an EP of songs featured on several of the bands 7 records along with unreleased recordings. This EP was titled Over It and was released several weeks before Big Choice, the EP contained a remixed version of the song Disconnected. This version began to significant airplay from KROQ in Los Angeles
Face to Face (punk band)
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Face to Face performing at the Observatory in Santa Ana, California in December 2014.
26.
Cosmic Psychos
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Cosmic Psychos are an Australian punk rock band which formed in 1977 as Spring Plains. Founding members included Ross Knight on guitar and vocals, Robbie Addington on guitar and vocals, Australian rock music historian, Ian McFarlane, described their music as arty kind of punk noise, somewhere between The Birthday Party and a more narcotic sounding Ramones. Late in 1984 the group was renamed as Cosmic Psychos and they issued their debut album, Down on the Farm, in December 1985. Several albums have followed and were backed by national tours and international tours to Europe and North America including festivals with Mudhoney, Nirvana, L7, Helmet, in 1990 Jones was replaced by Robbie Watts on guitar and vocals. By 2005 Walsh was replaced by Dean Muller on drums, on 1 July 2006 Watts died of a heart attack, aged 47, and the band continued with John McKeering joining. According to Australian rock music historian, Ian McFarlane, their music was arty kind of punk noise, in 1984 the group recorded a track, American Hymn, for a various artists compilation, Asleep at the Wheel. Late that year Morrow and Turton-Lane were replaced by Ross Knight on bass guitar and they financed a self-released cassette which included Custom Credit. In December 1985 they issued a five-track mini-LP, Down on the Farm and it included Custom Credit and was produced by Ross Giles. In October 1987 they issued a single, Lead Me Astray, in December Mr Spaceman Records followed with the bands debut self-titled LP, which was produced by Rene Roth. In June 1989 a performance at Melbournes The Palace was recorded and issued in November 1990 as their first live album, an early band manager was Neil Rogers. Cosmic Psychos signed to Survival Records and in December 1989 released, Go the Hack, in 1990 the album was released on Sub Pop Records into North America. Allmusics Patrick Kennedy found it was dirty, mean, simple, dr. Knightys vocals and lyrics evince the rough-hewn stain of manual labor, tempered with a night out at the pub. In other words, this is a working mans rock band, a single, Lost Cause, appeared with the album, with writing credits to Walsh, Knight and Jones. Early in 1990 Jones left to join Enter the Vertex and Robbie Rocket Watts replaced him on guitar, the group signed to Amphetamine Reptile Records for the American market for their 1991 album, Blokes You Can Trust. Production duties were by Butch Vig, fresh from completing Nirvanas Nevermind, Blokes You Can Trust provided two singles, Dead Roo, which shed light on some Australian highway hazards, and Back at School which was a shared single with L7s Shove. In May 1993 the band released an extended play, Palomino Pizza, on the local Arschlock/Shagpile label. It included cover versions of Lobby Loydes G. O. D, billy Thorpe & the Aztecs Most People I Know and Buffalos Sunrise, and three originals. They followed with two albums on Arschlock/Shagpile distributed by Shock Records, Self Totalled and Oh What a Lovely Pie
Cosmic Psychos
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Cosmic Psychos, left to right: Ross Knight, John McKeering, Dean Muller Performing in June 2007.
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In/Casino/Out
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In/Casino/Out is the second full-length album by American post-hardcore band At the Drive-In, released on August 18,1998 through Fearless Records. It was recorded as a studio album, with the intention of better capturing the energy. The album marks a clear middle ground between the dirty, lo-fi sound of their first album, Acrobatic Tenement, and the sleeker, in 2016, Rolling Stone placed the album at #20 in their 40 Greatest Emo Albums Of All Time list. During the recording of the album, the band faced a sort of crisis when they were unable to find a label that was able to release the record, at one point the group considered to independently release the album themselves until Fearless Records offered their support. Recording for the album took place in early June 1998 at Messengers Studio, the entire recording was done live by the band, with little to no overdubs. Production duties were held by Alex Newport with assistance by Doug Messenger at Harddrive Analog in North Hollywood, Newport also mixed the album half asleep at Paramount in Hollywood for around 21 hours total. The track Hourglass marks his debut in performing lead vocals for the group
In/Casino/Out
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In/Casino/Out
