Augustinian hypothesis
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The Augustinian hypothesis is a solution to the synoptic problem, which concerns the origin of the canonical Gospels in the New Testament. The hypothesis holds that Matthew was written first, by Matth
St. Augustine Freeing A Prisoner, by Michael Pacher (1482)
The Evangelist Matthew Inspired by an Angel, by Rembrandt (1661), Louvre, Paris
Book cover of John Wenham's Redating Matthew, Mark and Luke
Hebrew Gospel hypothesis
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In the 18th and early 19th century, several scholars suggested that a Hebrew proto-gospel was the main source or one of several sources for the canonical gospels. This theorizing would later give birt
Augustinian hypothesis
…and others in agreement. However, most modern scholars believe Matthew was originally composed in Greek (see Aramaic New Testament hypotheses and Hebrew Gospel hypothesis). The Augustinian position, and the similar Griesbach hypothesis, has drawn recent interest, especially from Christopher Butler, John Wenham, William…
Gotthold Ephraim Lessing whose New hypothesis on the Evangelists, 1778 suggested a lost Hebrew Gospel as a free source for the Synoptic Gospels