Aulos
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In Ancient Greek music, an aulos was a wind instrument often depicted in art and also attested by archaeology.
Man playing an aulos: Attic red-figure cup painted by the Euaion Painter, 460 B.C.–450 B.C.
Drawing of a plagiaulos.
The competition between Marsyas and Apollo on a Roman sarcophagus (290–300)
Theatrical scene from a Pompeiian mosaic showing a performer with an aulos and phorbeiá.
Marsyas
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In Greek mythology, the satyr Marsyas is a central figure in two stories involving music: in one, he picked up the double oboe that had been abandoned by Athena and played it; in the other, he challen
Aulos
…musicians admire him, popular approval will follow. However, Lucian reports that Harmonides died from excessive blowing during practicing. In myth, Marsyas the satyr was supposed to have invented the aulos, or else picked it up after Athena had thrown it away because it caused her cheeks to puff out and…
Marsyas receiving Apollo's punishment, İstanbul Archaeology Museum
Hellenistic Marsyas playing the aulos, with dedication in Greek to the god Oxus, by "Atrosokes", a Bactrian name. Temple of the Oxus, Takht-i Sangin, 200-150 BC. National Museum of Antiquities of Tajikistan.
Apollo flaying Marsyas in Apollo and Marsyas by José de Ribera
Marsyas tied, by Peter Paul Rubens, Louvre Museum