Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes is a region in southeast-central France created by the territorial reform of French Regions in 2015. The new region came into effect on 1 January 2016, after the regional elections in December 2015; the region covers an area of more than 69,711 km2, making it the third largest in metropolitan France, has a population of 7,877,698, second only to Île-de-France. It consists of one territorial collectivity. Lyon is the chef-lieu of the region; this new region combines diverse geographical, sociological and cultural regions, true of Rhône-Alpes, as well as Auvergne, to a lesser extent. While the old Rhône-Alpes and Auvergne regions each enjoyed a unity defined by axes of communication and the pull of their respective metropoles, the new combination is heterogeneous, sustained lively opposition from some local officials after its creation; the text of the territorial reform law gives interim names for most of the merged regions, combining the names of their constituent regions alphabetically, separated by hyphens.
Permanent names would be proposed by the new regional councils and confirmed by the Conseil d'État by 1 October 2016. The interim name of the new administrative region was a hyphenated placename, composed of the historic region of Auvergne, the river Rhône, the French Alps; the same name has been chosen as the definitive name, officialized by the Conseil d'État on 28 September 2016. According to several online polls from Lyon Capitale, the name "Rhône-Alpes-Auvergne" led voting, ahead of "Alpes-Auvergne" and "AURA", proposed by Jean-Jack Queyranne, the former president for the former Rhône-Alpes region. Schoolchildren were consulted about the name of the new region in February 2016, local residents were consulted in March. After adjusting the votes in proportion to the number of inhabitants of the regions the name "Rhône-Alpes-Auvergne" was still leading, ahead of "Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes" and the acronym "AURA". Despite this result, Laurent Wauquiez and his team decided not to follow the preference of the citizens of the new region, the name Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes was put to the vote by the regional assembly and adopted unanimously on 23 June 2016.
The region was given a coat of arms in October of 2017, which combined those of Auvergne, Savoie and Dauphiné It has a flag, which consisted of the coat of arms on a white background, but was replaced by a heraldic flag in January of 2018. On 9 February 2018, the region formalized the flag and the coat of arms on its website, as implemented by Mattieu Casali, a historical scholar, it was received favourably by the national heraldic commissionThe blazon given on the region's website is Écartelé: au premier d’or au gonfanon de gueules bordé de sinople. Which translates to: Quarterly: 1st Or a gonfalon Gules bordered Vert. In Francoprovençal and in Occitan, two of the three languages that are spoken in the region, the name is pronounced:: Arpitan: Ôvèrgne-Rôno-Arpes; the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes administrative region covers an area of 69 711 km2 in the centre and east of the south of France. It is a collection of regions of diverse topographies, natural resources, folklore and languages, it is bordered by five other administrative regions: Bourgogne-Franche-Comté to the north, Centre-Val de Loire to the northeast, Nouvelle-Aquitaine to the west, Occitanie to the south-west, Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur to the south-east.
It is bordered by Italy to the east and Switzerland to the north-east. Extreme points: North: Château-sur-Allier, Allier East: Bonneval-sur-Arc, Savoie South: Ferrassières, Drôme West: Siran, Cantal Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes comprises twelve departments: Ain, Ardèche, Cantal, Drôme, Haute-Loire, Haute-Savoie, Isère, Puy-de-Dôme, Rhône, Savoie Lyon Grenoble Saint-Étienne Clermont-Ferrand Chambéry Lyon Part-Dieu Lyon Perrache Valence-Ville Valence-TGV Saint-Étienne-Châteaucreux Grenoble Bourg-Saint-Maurice Chambéry-Challes-Les-Eaux Clermont-Ferrand The region is governed by the regional council of Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes consisting of 204 members; the current regional council was elected in regional elections on 6 and 13 December 2015, with the list of Laurent Wauquiez consisting of The Republicans, the Democratic Movement, Union of Democrats and Independents securing an absolute majority of 113 seats. Auvergne Rhône-Alpes Regions of France Official website Merger of the regions - France 3
Tricuspisaurus is an extinct genus of trilophosaur. Fossils are known from the Ruthen Quarry in Wales. Like some other trilophosaurs, it toothless beak. Tricuspisaurus gets its name from its heterodont dentition, which includes tricuspid teeth, or teeth with three cusps; the type species, T. thomasi, was named in 1957 along with the related trilophosaur Variodens inopinatus from Somerset, England. Although classified as a trilophosaur, Tricuspisaurus was reclassified as a procolophonid in 1993 by paleontologists Hans-Dieter Sues and Paul E. Olsen; this was due to similarities between its tricuspid teeth and those of the newly described procolophonid Xenodiphyodon. Along with Tricuspisaurus and Trilophosaurus jacobsi were considered to be procolophonids. However, more described cranial material from T. jacobsi indicates that it is a trilophosaur, which suggests that Tricuspisaurus is a trilophosaur rather than a procolophonid
Day of Empire: How Hyperpowers Rise to Global Dominance - and Why They Fall is a 2007 book by Yale Law School professor Amy Chua. The book discusses examples of "hyperpowers" throughout human history. Chua describes in rough chronological order the hyperpowers, from the empires of the Mauryas, Shungas, Mughals of the classical Indian subcontinent to Rome, the Tang, the Mongols, the British Empire, with reflections on the United States as a current hyperpower. Doubleday book web page Los Angeles Times review by Daniel Kurtz-Phelan, 11 November 2007 New York Times review by Lance Morrow, 18 November 2007 Salon review by Andrew O'Hehir, 19 November 2007 Interview with Chua by Harry Kreisler of the Institute of International Studies After Words interview with Chua on Day of Empire, December 29, 2007