BMW M54
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The BMW M54 is a naturally aspirated straight-6 DOHC petrol engine produced from 2000 to 2006. It was released in the E53 X5 and is the replacement for the M52 engine. The S54 is the equivalent high performance engine, used in the E46 M3, the Z3 M Coupé/Roadster and the E85/E86 Z4 M. The BMW M56 SULEV engine is based on the M54.
M54B25 in a E39 525i
S54B32 in a E86 Z4 M Coupé
S54B32HP engine in BMW-Museum, Munich.
BMW S65
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The BMW S65 is a naturally aspirated V8 petrol engine which was produced from 2007 to 2013. Its main use was in the BMW M3. There is no direct replacement for the S65, since the following generation of M3 switched to a turbocharged straight-six engine.
S65B40 in a E93 M3
S65 engine with the top plastic air plenum removed to reveal the 8 individual throttle bodies.