The Bakhshali manuscript is an ancient Indian mathematical text written on birch bark that was found in 1881 in the village of Bakhshali, Mardan. It is perhaps "the oldest extant manuscript in Indian

In mathematics, a square root of a number x is a number y such that y 2 = x ; in other words, a number y whose square is x. For example, 4 and −4 are square roots of 16 because 4 2 = 2 = 16.