Baldomero Espartero
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Baldomero Fernández-Espartero y Álvarez de Toro was a Spanish captain general and statesman. He served as the Regent of the Realm, three times as Prime Minister and briefly as President of the Congres
Espartero in 1865
Engraving illustrating the house where Espartero was born
Battle of Luchana
Hug of Vergara, between Espartero and Maroto.
History of Spain (1808–1874)
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Spain in the 19th century was a country in turmoil. Under Napoleonic Spain from 1808 to 1814, the massively destructive "Peninsular War" ensued. Following the Spanish Constitution of 1812, Spain was d
The first Spanish Constitution was established by the Cortes of Cádiz
King Ferdinand VII (r. 1808, 1814–1833)
The cortes of the Trienio Liberal (1820–1823), a period of liberal rule in Spain
The execution of Torrijos, by Antonio Gisbert Pérez. Ferdinand VII, after his restoration as absolute monarch in 1823, took repressive measures against the liberal forces in his country.