The ballot laws of the Roman Republic were four laws which introduced the secret ballot to all popular assemblies in the Republic. They were all introduced by tribunes, and consisted of the lex Gabini
Obverse: the head of Libertas, the Roman goddess of liberty. On the lower left is a ballot urn. Reverse: A personification of Libertas in a chariot, holding the cap (pileus) and staff (vindicta) of freedom. This coin was struck by C Cassius around 126 BC and commemorates the Lex Cassia tabellaria of 137 BC, which mandated the use of the secret ballot for all trials in the popular assemblies with the exception of treason cases.
A 63 BCE coin depicting a Roman casting a ballot
Gaius Gracchus
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Gaius Sempronius Gracchus was a reformist Roman politician and soldier who lived during the 2nd century BC. He is best known for his plebeian tribunates in 123 and 122 BC, during which he proposed a w
A bust of Gaius from a 19th century commemorative sculpture of the Gracchi brothers by Eugène Guillaume
Depiction of Gaius addressing the concilium plebis.
The Death of Gaius Gracchus, by François Topino-Lebrun, 1792.