Baranya is a county in southern Hungary. It is part of the Southern Transdanubia statistical region and the historical Baranya region, which was a county (comitatus) in the Kingdom of Hungary dating back to the 11th century. Its current status as one of the 19 counties of Hungary was established in 1950 as part of wider Soviet administrative territorial reform following World War II. It is bordered by Somogy County to the northwest, Tolna County to the north, Bács-Kiskun County and the Danube to the east, and the border with Croatia to the south.

Hungary is subdivided administratively into 19 counties and the capital city (főváros) Budapest. The counties are further subdivided into 174 districts. The capital Budapest is subdivided into 23 districts.