1.
Roger Vadim
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Roger Vadim was a French screenwriter, film director and producer, as well as an author, artist and occasional actor. His best-known works are visually lavish films with erotic qualities, such as And God Created Woman, Barbarella, Vadim was born as Roger Vadim Plemiannikov in Paris. His mother, Marie-Antoinette, was a French writer, and essayist, Vadim studied journalism and writing at the University of Paris, without graduating. At age 19, he became assistant to film director Marc Allégret, whom he met while working at the Theatre Sarah Bernhardt, Vadim was celebrated for his romances/marriages to beautiful actresses. In his mid-30s, he lived with the teenaged Catherine Deneuve, by whom he had a child, Christian Vadim and he was also involved with actress Cindy Pickett. Later, he cohabited with screenwriter Ann Biderman for several years, announcing their engagement in 1984 and he told a story about how he lost his virginity. When he was 16, he spent the summer in Normandy, out of doors that night, she introduced him to the art of love and what amazed him most was that what Hemingway had written came true--the earth moved under him. Not until somewhat later did he realize that Allied ships were bombarding the coast in preparation for the D-day invasion and he was someone in whom there was so much satisfaction to the end of his life. The films merely reflected his happiness, nathalie, his eldest child, told Fonda biographer Patricia Bosworth, Jane was the love of my fathers life. My attitude is that if this makes me a little money it will be a tiny compensation for all the money I helped those actresses make. He also wrote plays and books of fiction, including LAnge Affame. Vadim died of cancer at age 72 on February 11,2000 and he was survived by his widow, Marie-Christine Barrault, and his four children. Ex-wives Bardot, Fonda, Schneider and Stroyberg were all in attendance at his funeral and he is interred at St. Tropez Cemetery. The Naked Heart Blackmailed En Effeuillant la Marguerite/Mademoiselle Striptease And God Created Woman Sait-on jamais, sois belle et tais-toi/Be Beautiful but Shut up Les Bijoutiers du Clair de Lune/The Night Heaven Fell Les liaisons dangereuses/Dangerous Liaisons Blood and Roses La Bride sur le cou/Please Not Now. Manhattan The Assassinated Young Girl Rich and Famous Into the Night Roger Vadim at the Internet Movie Database Roger Vadim at Find a Grave
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Dino De Laurentiis
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Agostino Dino De Laurentiis was an Italian film producer. Along with Carlo Ponti, he was one of the producers who brought Italian cinema to the scene at the end of World War II. He produced or co-produced more than 500 films, of which 38 were nominated for Academy Awards and he also had a brief acting career in the late 1930s and early 1940s. He was born at Torre Annunziata in the province of Naples and he started his studies at the Centro Sperimentale di Cinematografia in Rome in the years 1937–1938 then interrupted by the outbreak of the Second World War. Following his first movie, Lultimo Combattimento, Laurentiis produced nearly 150 films during the seven decades. In 1946 his company, the Dino de Laurentiis Cinematografica, moved into production, in the early years, De Laurentiis produced Italian neorealist films such as Bitter Rice and the Fellini classics La Strada and Nights of Cabiria, often in collaboration with producer Carlo Ponti. In the 1960s, Laurentiis built his own studio facilities, although these financially collapsed during the 1970s, De Laurentiis relocated to the US in 1976, and became an American citizen in 1986. In the 1980s he had his own studio, De Laurentiis Entertainment Group, based in Wilmington, the building of the studio made Wilmington a center of film and television production. De Laurentiis also made several adaptations of Stephen Kings works, including The Dead Zone, Cats Eye, Silver Bullet, De Laurentiiss company was involved with the horror sequels Halloween II, Evil Dead II and Army of Darkness. De Laurentiis also produced the first Hannibal Lecter film, Manhunter and he passed on adapting the novels sequel, The Silence of the Lambs, but produced the two follow-ups, Hannibal and Red Dragon, a re-adaptation of the novel. He also produced the prequel Hannibal Rising, which tells the story of how Hannibal becomes a serial killer, in the 1980s, de Laurentiis owned and operated DDL Foodshow, a specialty retailer with two gourmet Italian markets in New York City and Los Angeles. His brief first marriage in Italy was annulled, De Laurentiis and Mangano divorced in 1988, she died in 1989. In 1990, he married Martha Schumacher, who produced many of his films since 1985, one of his grandchildren is Giada De Laurentiis, host of Everyday Italian, Behind the Bash, Giada at Home, and Giadas Weekend Getaways on Food Network. He was the brother of Luigi De Laurentiis, who became a film producer after Dino did, and uncle of Aurelio De Laurentiis, also a producer. In 1958, he won the Academy Award for Best Foreign Film for producing La Strada, in 2001, he received the Irving G. Thalberg Memorial Award from the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. In 2012, he received the America Award of the Italy-USA Foundation, De Laurentiis died on 10 November 2010 at his residence in Beverly Hills at the age of 91. Dino De Laurentiis Company Official site Dino De Laurentiis at Find a Grave Dino De Laurentiis at the Internet Movie Database Who Was Dino De Laurentiis, – image slideshow by Life magazine
3.
Barbarella (comics)
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Barbarella is a fictional heroine in a French science fiction comic book created by Jean-Claude Forest. The book caused a scandal and became known as the first adult comic-book, though its eroticism was slight, works in this trend outside France include Phoebe Zeit-Geist and Vampirella in the USA, Modesty Blaise in the UK, and, Valentina and Angiolinis Isabella in Italy. Barbarella, A young woman who travels from planet to planet and has numerous adventures, the aliens she meets often seduce her, and she also experiments with a machine excessive or orgasmotron. Roger Vadim directed a 1968 film adaptation that starred Jane Fonda, Duran, A one-eyed old man who helps Barbarella. Pygar, A blind angel guided by Barbarella, he is the last of the ornithanthropes, la Reine noire, A villainess who reigns in the town of Sogo, surrounded by a maze, on the planet Lythion. Lio, A brown-haired teenage girl saved by Barbarella who must save the town governed by her father in Les Colères du mange-minutes, mado, Female prostitute robot, whose breakdown Barbarella repairs. Narval, An aiguiote who comes from Citerne IV to complete his research in Les Colères du mange-minutes. Lartiste, A self-portrait of Jean-Claude Forest, named Browningwell in Semble Lune, he and Barbarella have a child together. Barbarella Les Colères du Mange-Minutes Le Semble-Lune Le Miroir aux Tempêtes The stories have been reprinted by Dargaud, Barbarella also guest-stars in Mystérieuse, Matin, Midi et Soir Barbarella was translated into English by Richard Seaver and published in the Evergreen Review and Heavy Metal. 1980s pop band Duran Duran takes its name from a character in the 1968 film Barbarella, a Barbarella film adaptation was made in 1968. Several remakes were considered with Bridget Fonda, Drew Barrymore, Sherilyn Fenn and Rose McGowan, a Barbarella musical based on the film was produced in 2004. In May 2013, Refn said to Vulture that theyre still writing and are going back to the original comics, as of May 2013, no one has been cast for the series yet. Favari, Pietro, Le nuvole parlanti, un secolo di fumetti tra arte e mass media, official website Barbarella at the Grand Comics Database Barbarella at the Comic Book DB Barbarella at Bedetheque Barbarella at Bedetheque
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Jane Fonda
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Jane Fonda is an American actress, writer, political activist, former fashion model and fitness guru. She is a two-time Academy Award winner and two time BAFTA Award winner, in 2014, she was the recipient of the American Film Institute AFI Life Achievement Award. Fonda made her Broadway debut in the 1960 play There Was a Little Girl and she rose to fame in 1960s films such as Period of Adjustment, Sunday in New York, Cat Ballou, Barefoot in the Park and Barbarella. Her first husband was Barbarella director Roger Vadim, a seven-time Academy Award nominee, she received her first nomination for They Shoot Horses, Dont They and went on to win two Best Actress Oscars in the 1970s for Klute and Coming Home. Her other nominations were for Julia, The China Syndrome, On Golden Pond and her other major competitive awards include an Emmy Award for the 1984 TV film The Dollmaker, two BAFTA Awards for Julia and The China Syndrome and four Golden Globe Awards. In 1982, she released her first exercise video, Jane Fondas Workout and it would be the first of 22 workout videos released by her over the next 13 years which would collectively sell over 17 million copies. Divorced from second husband Tom Hayden, she married billionaire media mogul Ted Turner in 1991, Fonda was divorced from Turner in 2001. She returned to acting with her first film in 15 years, subsequent films have included Georgia Rule, The Butler, This Is Where I Leave You and Youth. She also released another five exercise videos between 2010 and 2012 and she stars with Lily Tomlin, Sam Waterston and Martin Sheen in the Netflix original series Grace and Frankie, which premiered in 2015. Fonda was a political activist in the counterculture era during the Vietnam War. She was famously and controversially photographed sitting on a gun on a 1972 visit to Hanoi. She has also protested the Iraq War and violence against women, Fonda serves on the board of the organization. Jayne Seymour Fonda was born in New York City, the daughter of actor Henry Fonda, according to her father, their surname came from an Italian ancestor who immigrated to the Netherlands in the 1500s. There, they intermarried and began to use Dutch given names and she also has English, Scottish, and French ancestry. She was named after the wife of Henry VIII, Jane Seymour. She has a brother, Peter, who is also an actor, and a maternal half-sister, Frances de Villers Brokaw, whose daughter is Pilar Corrias, the owner of the Pilar Corrias Gallery in London. In 1950, when Fonda was twelve, her mother committed suicide while undergoing treatment at Craig House psychiatric hospital in Beacon, later that year, Fondas father married socialite Susan Blanchard, just nine years his daughters senior, this marriage ended in divorce. At 15 Fonda taught dance at Fire Island Pines, New York and she attended Greenwich Academy in Greenwich, Connecticut
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John Phillip Law
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John Phillip Law was an American film actor. The latter reteamed him with Alexandra Hay, his co-star from the 1968 acid comedy Skidoo, Law was born in Los Angeles, California, the son of Los Angeles County Deputy Sheriff John Law and actress Phyllis Sallee. He was the brother of actor Thomas Augustus Law and he worked as a film extra as a child, and had a non-speaking role as a courtroom page in John Sturgess The Magnificent Yankee. He studied drama at the University of Hawaii and appeared in several university stage productions, after graduation, Law moved to New York, where he studied with Elia Kazans Lincoln Center Repertory Theatre and had a small role in Garson Kanins comedy Come On Strong. Like many American actors he moved to Italy where he acted in several films, one of these was seen by the director Norman Jewison, who thought Law perfect for the role of a young Soviet sailor in The Russians Are Coming, the Russians Are Coming. He followed this with a role in Otto Premingers Hurry Sundown. Law returned to Europe where he played the lead in a Spaghetti Western, Death Rides a Horse, then the role of Danger, Diabolik. He followed this with The Sergeant with Rod Steiger, tall and handsome, with steel-blue eyes, Law became a sex symbol in the 1960s. He was a VIP guest at Hugh Hefners Playboy Mansion and in Hollywood society, Law co-starred in Roger Cormans film Von Richthofen and Brown, playing Manfred von Richthofen opposite Don Strouds Roy Brown. Corman used Lynn Garrisons Irish aviation facility, complete with replica World War I aircraft, garrison taught Law the basics of flying so that he could take off and land, making some of the footage more realistic. Some other of Laws movies have become cult classics, including The Love Machine, The Golden Voyage of Sinbad. Two of Laws films, Danger, Diabolik and Space Mutiny, were featured in the movie-mocking TV series Mystery Science Theater 3000. In 2001 he appeared in Roman Coppolas directorial debut CQ, an homage to the Italian spy/sci-fi B-movies in which Law often starred during the 1960s, Laws final credited film role was in 2008s Chinamans Chance. He was at one time married to actress Shawn Ryan, with whom he had a daughter, on December 13,2007, his doctors diagnosed him with pancreatic cancer. Law died five months later on May 13,2008 at his home in Los Angeles, John Phillip Law at the Internet Movie Database John Phillip Law at AllMovie John Phillip Law at the Internet Broadway Database John Phillip Law at Find a Grave
6.
Marcel Marceau
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Marcel Marceau was a French actor and mime most famous for his stage persona as Bip the Clown. He referred to mime as the art of silence, and he performed professionally worldwide for over 60 years. As a youth, he lived in hiding and worked with the French Resistance during most of World War II, following the war, he studied dramatic art and mime in Paris. In 1959 he established his own school in Paris. Among his various awards and honours, he was made Grand Officier de la Légion dHonneur and was awarded the National Order of Merit in France. He won the Emmy Award for his work on television, was elected member of the Academy of Fine Arts in Berlin and he was friends with Michael Jackson for nearly 20 years, and Jackson said he would use some of Marceaus techniques in his own dance steps. He was born Marcel Mangel in Strasbourg, France, to a Jewish family and his parents were Ann Werzberg and Charles Mangel, a kosher butcher. When Marcel was four years old, the moved to Lille. When France entered World War II, Marcel,16, fled with his family to Limoges, in 1944 Marcels father was captured and deported to the notorious Auschwitz concentration camp, where he was killed. The two brothers joined the French Resistance in Limoges, where they saved numerous children from the laws and concentration camps. Owing to Marcels excellent command of the English, French, and German languages, according to Marceau, when he was five years of age, his mother took him to see a Charlie Chaplin film, which entranced him and led him to want to become a mime. The first time he used mime was after France was invaded, Marceau joined Jean-Louis Barraults company and was soon cast in the role of Arlequin in the pantomime, Baptiste. Marceaus performance won him such acclaim that he was encouraged to present his first mimodrama, Praxitele, the acclaim was unanimous and Marceaus career as a mime was firmly established. In 1947 Marceau created Bip the Clown and was first played at the Théâtre de Poche in Paris, in his appearance he wore a striped pullover and a battered, beflowered silk opera hat. The outfit signified lifes fragility and Bip became his alter ego, bips misadventures with everything from butterflies to lions, from ships and trains, to dance-halls or restaurants, were limitless. As a style of Pantomime, Marceau was acknowledged without peer and his silent mimed exercises, which included The Cage, Walking Against the Wind, The Mask Maker, and In The Park, all became classic displays. Satires on everything from sculptors to matadors were described as works of genius. Of his summation of the ages of man in the famous Youth, Maturity, Old Age and Death, one critic said, creating character and space, by making a whole show on stage – showing our lives, our dreams, our expectations
7.
David Hemmings
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David Edward Leslie Hemmings was an English film, theatre and television actor, as well as a film and television director and producer. He founded also the Hemdale Film Corporation in 1967 and he is noted for his role as the photographer in the drama mystery-thriller film Blowup, directed by Michelangelo Antonioni. Early in his career, Hemmings was a boy soprano appearing in operatic roles, David Hemmings was born in Guildford, in the county of Surrey, to a biscuit salesman father. Most notably, Hemmings created the role of Miles in Brittens chamber opera Turn of the Screw and his intimate, yet innocent, relationship with Britten is described in John Bridcuts book Brittens Children. Hemmings had earlier played the role in Brittens The Little Sweep. Britten was furious, waved Hemmings away, and never had any contact with him. Hemmings then moved on to acting and directing in film and he made his first film appearance in the drama film The Rainbow Jacket, but he first became well known as a pin-up and film star in the mid-1960s. Antonioni, who detested the Method way of acting, sought to find a young face for the lead in his next production. Then, he found Hemmings, at the acting in small stage theatre in London, although at their first meeting, Antonioni told Hemmings. Hemmings directed the drama film The 14, which won the Silver Bear at the 23rd Berlin International Film Festival and he appeared in the Italian giallo film Profondo Rosso directed by Dario Argento. In 1977 he appeared as Eddy in the film Islands in the Stream and he directed David Bowie and Marlene Dietrich in the drama film Schöner Gigolo, armer Gigolo. The film was received, with Bowie describing it as my 32 Elvis Presley films rolled into one. Hemmings directed the horror film The Survivor, based on James Herberts 1976 novel of the name, starring Robert Powell. He once joked, People thought I was dead, I was just directing The A-Team. He directed the thriller film Race for the Yankee Zephyr, which stars Ken Wahl, Lesley Ann Warren, Donald Pleasence, Hemmings also directed the puzzle-contest video Money Hunt, The Mystery of the Missing Link. He directed the television film The Key to Rebecca, an adaptation of Ken Folletts 1980 novel of the same name and he also briefly served as a producer on the NBC crime-drama television series Stingray. Hemmings played a cop in the docudrama film Beyond Reasonable Doubt about Arthur Allan Thomas, a New Zealand farmer jailed for the murder of Harvey and Jeannette Crewe. In later years, he had roles including appearing as Cassius in the epic film Gladiator, with Russell Crowe, as well as appearing in the drama film Last Orders
8.
Ugo Tognazzi
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Ugo Tognazzi was an Italian film, TV, and theatre actor, director, and screenwriter. Tognazzi was born in Cremona, in northern Italy but spent his youth in various localities as his father was a clerk for an insurance company. After his return to his city in 1936, he worked in a salami production plant. During World War II, he was inducted into the Army and his passion for theater and acting dates from his early years, and also during the conflict he organized shows for his fellow soldiers. In 1945, he moved to Milan, where he was enrolled in the company led by Wanda Osiris. A few years later, he formed his own musical revue company. In 1950, Tognazzi made his debut in I cadetti di Guascogna directed by Mario Mattoli. The following year, he met Raimondo Vianello, with whom he formed a comedy duo for the new-born RAI TV. Their shows, sometimes containing satirical material, were among the first to be censored on Italian television, after the successful role in The Fascist, directed by Luciano Salce, Tognazzi became one of the most renowned characters of the so-called Commedia allItaliana. Tognazzi also directed some of his films, including the 1967 film Il fischio al naso, the film was entered into the 17th Berlin International Film Festival. He was an actor in Italy, and starred in several important international films. Roger Vadim cast Tognazzi as Mark Hand, the Catchman, in Barbarella and he rescues Barbarella from the biting dolls she encounters, and after her rescue, he requests payment by asking her to make love with him. In 1981, he won the Best Male Actor Award at the Cannes Film Festival for La tragedia di un uomo ridicolo and he is buried in the cemetery of Velletri. His sons Ricky Tognazzi and Gianmarco Tognazzi are cinema actors and he was also the father of the Norwegian film director and film producer Thomas Robsahm. His daughter Maria Sole Tognazzi is, like Ricky, a film director, Il mantenuto Il fischio al naso Sissignore Cattivi pensieri I viaggiatori della sera Ugo Tognazzi at the Internet Movie Database
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Paramount Pictures
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Paramount Pictures Corporation is an American film studio based in Hollywood, California, that has been a subsidiary of the American media conglomerate Viacom since 1994. In 1916, film producer Adolph Zukor contracted 22 actors and actresses and these fortunate few would become the first movie stars. Paramount Pictures is a member of the Motion Picture Association of America, in 2014, Paramount Pictures became the first major Hollywood studio to distribute all of its films in digital form only. Paramount is the fifth oldest surviving studio in the world after the French studios Gaumont Film Company and Pathé, followed by the Nordisk Film company. It is the last major film studio headquartered in the Hollywood district of Los Angeles. Paramount Pictures dates its existence from the 1912 founding date of the Famous Players Film Company, hungarian-born founder, Adolph Zukor, who had been an early investor in nickelodeons, saw that movies appealed mainly to working-class immigrants. With partners Daniel Frohman and Charles Frohman he planned to offer feature-length films that would appeal to the class by featuring the leading theatrical players of the time. By mid-1913, Famous Players had completed five films, and Zukor was on his way to success and its first film was Les Amours de la reine Élisabeth, which starred Sarah Bernhardt. That same year, another aspiring producer, Jesse L. Lasky, opened his Lasky Feature Play Company with money borrowed from his brother-in-law, Samuel Goldfish, the Lasky company hired as their first employee a stage director with virtually no film experience, Cecil B. DeMille, who would find a site in Hollywood, near Los Angeles, for his first feature film. Hodkinson and actor, director, producer Hobart Bosworth had started production of a series of Jack London movies, Paramount was the first successful nationwide distributor, until this time, films were sold on a statewide or regional basis which had proved costly to film producers. Also, Famous Players and Lasky were privately owned while Paramount was a corporation, in 1916, Zukor maneuvered a three-way merger of his Famous Players, the Lasky Company, and Paramount. Zukor and Lasky bought Hodkinson out of Paramount, and merged the three companies into one, with only the exhibitor-owned First National as a rival, Famous Players-Lasky and its Paramount Pictures soon dominated the business. It was this system that gave Paramount a leading position in the 1920s and 1930s, the driving force behind Paramounts rise was Zukor. In 1926, Zukor hired independent producer B. P. Schulberg and they purchased the Robert Brunton Studios, a 26-acre facility at 5451 Marathon Street for US$1 million. In 1927, Famous Players-Lasky took the name Paramount Famous Lasky Corporation, three years later, because of the importance of the Publix Theatres, it became Paramount Publix Corporation. In 1928, Paramount began releasing Inkwell Imps, animated cartoons produced by Max, the Fleischers, veterans in the animation industry, were among the few animation producers capable of challenging the prominence of Walt Disney. The Paramount newsreel series Paramount News ran from 1927 to 1957, Paramount was also one of the first Hollywood studios to release what were known at that time as talkies, and in 1929, released their first musical, Innocents of Paris
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Science fiction film
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Science fiction films have often been used to focus on political or social issues, and to explore philosophical issues like the human condition. The genre has existed since the years of silent cinema. The next major example in the genre was the film Metropolis - being the first feature length science fiction movie, from the 1930s to the 1950s, the genre consisted mainly of low-budget B movies. After Stanley Kubricks landmark 2001, A Space Odyssey, the fiction film genre was taken more seriously. This definition suggests a continuum between empiricism and transcendentalism, with science fiction film on the side of empiricism, and horror film, however, there are numerous well-known examples of science fiction horror films, epitomized by such pictures as Frankenstein and Alien. The visual style of fiction film can be characterized by a clash between alien and familiar images. This clash is implemented when alien images become familiar, as in A Clockwork Orange, as well, familiar images become alien, as in the films Repo Man and Liquid Sky. For example, in Dr. Strangelove, the, distortion of the make the familiar images seem more alien. Finally, alien and familiar images are juxtaposed, as in The Deadly Mantis, Science fiction films appeared early in the silent film era, typically as short films shot in black and white, sometimes with colour tinting. They usually had a theme and were often intended to be humorous. In 1902, Georges Méliès released Le Voyage dans la Lune, generally considered the first science fiction film, several early films merged the science fiction and horror genres. Examples of this are Frankenstein, a adaptation of Mary Shelleys novel. Taking a more adventurous tack,20,000 Leagues Under the Sea is a based on Jules Verne’s famous novel of a wondrous submarine. In the 1920s, European filmmakers tended to use science fiction for prediction and social commentary, as can be seen in German films such as Metropolis and Frau im Mond. In the 1930s, there were big budget science fiction films, notably Just Imagine, King Kong, Things to Come. Starting in 1936, a number of science fiction comic strips were adapted as serials, notably Flash Gordon and Buck Rogers and these serials, and the comic strips they were based on, were very popular with the general public. Other notable science fiction films of the 1930s include Frankenstein, Bride of Frankenstein, Doctor X, Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde, F. P. The 1940s brought us Before I Hang, Black Friday, Dr. Cyclops, The Devil Commands, Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde, Man Made Monster, It Happened Tomorrow, It Happens Every Spring and The Perfect Woman
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Virna Lisi
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Virna Pieralisi, better known as Virna Lisi, was an Italian actress. Her film appearances included How to Murder Your Wife, Not With My Wife You Dont, Beyond Good and Evil, for the 1994 film La Reine Margot, she won Best Actress at Cannes and the César Award for Best Supporting Actress. Ancona-born Lisi began her career in her teens. Discovered in Paris by two Neapolitan producers, Antonio Ferrigno and Ettore Pesce, she debuted in La corda dacciaio, initially, she did musical films, like E Napoli canta and the successful Questa è la vita. Nonetheless, her beauty was more valued than her talent, as seen in Le diciottenni, yet she filled demanding roles, particularly in La donna del giorno, Eva, and the spectacle Romolo e Remo. In the late 1950s, Lisi did theater at Piccolo Teatro di Milano in I giacobini by Federico Zardi under the direction of Giorgio Strehler, during the 1960s, Lisi did comedies and participated in television dramas that were widely viewed in Italy. Lisi also promoted a brand on television with a slogan that would become a catchphrase among Italians. She garnered attention for a photo of her shaving her face appeared on the March 1965 cover of Esquire magazine. To overcome her typecasting playing seductresses, Lisi sought new types of roles, in those years, she participated in Italian productions, in Casanova 70 and Le bambole, Arabella, and Le dolci signore. Lisi also starred in The Birds, the Bees and the Italians which shared the Palme dOr at Cannes that year, in the early 1970s, she took a temporary hiatus from acting to spend more time with her husband Franco Pesci and their son, Corrado. Nonetheless, Lisis career underwent a renaissance with a number of projects, including Al di là del bene e del male, Ernesto, and La cicala. For the film La Reine Margot, Lisis portrayal of Catherine de Medici won her both the César and Cannes Film Festival awards, along with a Silver Ribbon for Best supporting Actress, in 2002, Lisi starred in Il più bel giorno della mia vita. Virna Lisi then participated in many sitcoms and TV series and her last movie was in the Italian comedy-drama Latin Lover in 2014, shortly before her death. On 18 December 2014, Lisi died of cancer in Rome at age 78, a Brazilian rock band named Virna Lisi is named after her. The 1980s Argentinian band Sumo made a song for her, the singers brother is the actor Andrea Prodan, who appeared with her in the movie I ragazzi di via Panisperna
12.
Brigitte Bardot
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Brigitte Anne-Marie Bardot is a French actress, singer and fashion model, who later became an animal rights activist. She was one of the best known sex symbols of the 1950s and 1960s and was referred to by her initials. She started her career in 1952. After appearing in 16 routine comedy films that had limited international release, Bardot caught the attention of French intellectuals. She later starred in Jean-Luc Godards 1963 film Le Mépris, for her role in Louis Malles 1965 film Viva Maria. Bardot was nominated for a BAFTA Award for Best Foreign Actress, from 1969 to 1978, Bardot was the official face of Marianne to represent the liberty of France. Bardot retired from the entertainment industry in 1973, during her career in show business, she starred in 47 films, performed in several musical shows and recorded over 60 songs. She was awarded the Legion of Honour in 1985 but refused to accept it, after her retirement, she established herself as an animal rights activist. During the 2000s, she generated controversy by criticizing immigration and Islam in France and has been fined five times for inciting racial hatred, Bardot was born in Paris, the daughter of Louis Bardot and Anne-Marie Toty Bardot. Louis had a degree and worked with his father, Charles Bardot. Louis and Anne-Marie married in 1933, Bardot grew up in an upper middle-class Roman Catholic observant home. When she was seven she was admitted to the Cours Hattemer and she went to school three days a week, and otherwise studied at home. This gave time for lessons at Madame Bourgets dance studio three days a week, Brigittes mother also enrolled Brigittes younger sister, Marie-Jeanne, in dance. Marie-Jeanne eventually gave up dancing lessons and did not tell her mother, in 1947, Bardot was accepted to the Conservatoire de Paris. For three years she attended classes by Russian choreographer Boris Knyazev. One of her classmates was Leslie Caron, the other ballerinas nicknamed Bardot Bichette. At the invitation of an acquaintance of her mother, she modelled in a show in 1949. In the same year, she modelled for a fashion magazine Jardin des Modes managed by journalist Hélène Lazareff, aged 15, she appeared on an 8 March 1950 cover of Elle and was noticed by a young film director, Roger Vadim, while babysitting
13.
Sophia Loren
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Sophia Loren is an Italian film actress. Encouraged to enroll in acting lessons after entering a beauty pageant and she appeared in several bit parts and minor roles in the early part of the decade, until her five-picture contract with Paramount in 1956 launched her international career. Notable film appearances around this time include The Pride and the Passion, Houseboat, after starting her family in the early 1970s, Loren spent less time on her acting career and chose to make only occasional film appearances. In later years, she has appeared in American films such as Grumpier Old Men, in 1995, she received the Cecil B. DeMille Award for lifetime achievements, one of such awards. In 1999, Loren was acknowledged as one of the top 25 female American Screen Legends in the American Film Institutes survey, AFIs 100 Years.100 Stars. Loren was born Sofia Villani Scicolone in the Clinica Regina Margherita in Rome, Italy, the daughter of Romilda Villani and Riccardo Scicolone, Riccardo Scicolone refused to marry Villani, leaving the piano teacher and aspiring actress without support. Lorens parents had another child together, her sister Maria, in 1938, Loren has two younger paternal half-brothers, Giuliano and Giuseppe. Romilda, Sofia, and Maria lived with Lorens grandmother in Pozzuoli, during World War II, the harbour and munitions plant in Pozzuoli was a frequent bombing target of the Allies. During one raid, as Loren ran to the shelter, she was struck by shrapnel, after that, the family moved to Naples, where they were taken in by distant relatives. After the war, Loren and her returned to Pozzuoli. Lorens grandmother Luisa opened a pub in their room, selling homemade cherry liquor. Romilda Villani played the piano, Maria sang, and Loren waited on tables, the place was popular with the American GIs stationed nearby. When she was 14, Sofia entered a beauty pageant, Miss Italia 1950 and, later, she enrolled in acting class and was selected as an uncredited extra in Mervyn LeRoys film Quo Vadis, at the age of 15. In 1951, she appeared in Italian film Era lui. sì. sì. where she played an odalisque. She appeared in bit parts and minor roles in the early part of the decade. She began using her current stage name in La Favorita, the new name being a twist on the name of the Swedish actress Märta Torén and was suggested by Goffredo Lombardo or Carlo Ponti and her first starring role was in Aida, for which she received critical acclaim. After playing the role in Two Nights with Cleopatra, her breakthrough role was in The Gold of Naples
14.
Danger: Diabolik
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Danger, Diabolik is a 1968 action film directed by Mario Bava based on the Italian comic series Diabolik. The film is about a criminal named Diabolik who plans large-scale heists for his girlfriend Eva, Diabolik is pursued by Inspector Ginco who blackmails the gangster Ralph Valmont into catching Diabolik for him. An adaption of the Italian comic book was originally envisioned by producer Tonino Cervi, Cervi hired director Seth Holt and had an international production with a cast that included Jean Sorel, Elsa Martinelli and George Raft. After producer Dino De Laurentiis saw the footage that had shot, he halted production on the film and had a new director, cast. This resulted in Bava directing the film on a smaller budget with more well known actors taking smaller roles. Many of the cast and crew members were brought in from Barbarella De Laurentiis other comic book adaptation of that year. The film did not do as well at the box office as De Laurentiis had expected and received negative reviews on its release from The New York Times. With the re-evaluation of Bavas filmography, contemporary reception of the film has been more positive, two new adaptions of Diabolik were announced in the 2000s, but none went into production. After an armored car leaves a bank with ten dollars, it is attacked en route by Diabolik who manages to steal the money. Leaving the money in their hideout, Diabolik and Eva attend a press conference held by the Minister of the Interior which they disrupt by releasing laughing gas. Due to the level of crime, the death penalty is brought back. The police cannot find Diabolik, and gang leader Valmont suffers at their hands from a clampdown because of his actions, realising things can only get worse because of Diaboliks crime spree, Valmont contacts Inspector Ginco and makes a deal to catch him for the police. At his hideout, Diabolik decides to steal the famous Aksand emerald necklace from the Saint Just Castle for Evas birthday, Valmont builds up an identikit picture of Eva and circulates it as a means of capturing Diabolik. Diabolik scales the walls of Saint Just Castle where he finds the police lying in wait and he manages to steal the necklace by fooling the police officers with mirrors on the road and dummy decoys of himself. Valmont has made plans to lure Diabolik out of hiding by having one of his henchmen kidnap Eva. To rescue her, Diabolik boards Valmonts airplane with the ten million dollars and he is ejected from the plane but manages to grab Valmont just before a bomb he had placed earlier explodes. Diabolik rescues Eva as the close in on them. Eva makes her escape as Diabolik kills Valmont, but Diabolik is then trapped, the police find him and pronounce him dead
15.
Milo O'Shea
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Milo OShea was an Irish character actor. He was nominated for the Tony Award for his roles in Staircase, OShea was born and brought up in Dublin and educated by the Christian Brothers at Synge Street school, along with his friend Donal Donnelly. His father was a singer and his mother a ballet teacher, because he was bilingual, OShea performed in English-speaking theatres and in Irish in the Abbey Theatre Company. At age 12, he appeared in George Bernard Shaws Caesar and he later studied music and drama at the Guildhall School in London and was a skilled pianist. He was discovered in the 1950s by Harry Dillon, who ran the 37 Theatre Club on the top floor of his shop The Swiss Gem Company,51 Lower OConnell Street Dublin, OShea began acting on the stage, then moved into film in the 1960s. He became popular in the United Kingdom, as a result of starring in the BBC sitcom Me Mammy alongside Yootha Joyce. In 1967–68 he appeared in the drama Staircase, co-starring Eli Wallach and directed by Barry Morse, for his role in that drama, he was nominated for a Tony Award in 1968. OShea starred as Leopold Bloom in Joseph Stricks 1967 film version of Ulysses, in 1984, OShea reprised his role as Dr. Durand Durand for the Duran Duran concert film Arena, since his character inspired the bands name. He played Inspector Boot in the 1973 Vincent Price horror/comedy film Theatre of Blood, in 1992, OShea guest starred in the season 10 finale of the sitcom Cheers, and, in 1995, in an episode of the shows spin-off Frasier. In the episode of Frasier, he played Dr. Schachter and he appeared in the pilot episode of Early Edition as Sherman. He was married to the Irish actress Kitty Sullivan, with whom he occasionally acted and he had two sons from his first marriage, Colm and Steven, but OShea and Sullivan had no children together. OShea and his wife both adopted United States citizenship and resided in New York City, where they had lived since 1976. OShea received an honorary degree from Quinnipiac University in 2010. OSheas first wife was Maureen Toal, an Irish actress, with whom he had two sons and he divorced her in 1974 and later married Kitty Sullivan, whom he met in Italy, where he was filming Barbarella and she auditioning for Man of La Mancha. OShea died on April 2,2013, in New York City following an illness at the age of 86. Milo OShea at the Internet Movie Database Milo OShea at the Internet Broadway Database Milo OShea at the Internet Off-Broadway Database Obituary in The Irish Times
16.
Tau Ceti
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Tau Ceti is a star in the constellation Cetus that is spectrally similar to the Sun, although it has only about 78% of the Suns mass. At a distance of just under 12 light-years from the Solar System, it is a nearby star. The star appears stable, with little variation, and is metal-deficient. Observations have detected more than ten times as much dust surrounding Tau Ceti as is present in the Solar System, since December 2012, there has been evidence of possibly five planets orbiting Tau Ceti, with two of these being potentially in the habitable zone. Because of its debris disk, any planet orbiting Tau Ceti would face far more impact events than Earth, despite this hurdle to habitability, its solar analog characteristics have led to widespread interest in the star. It can be seen with the eye as a third-magnitude star. As seen from Tau Ceti, the Sun would be a star in the northern hemisphere constellation Boötes. This star, along with η Cet, θ Cet, ζ Cet, and υ Cet, were Al Naʽāmāt, the Hen Ostriches. In Chinese, the Square Celestial Granary refers to an asterism consisting of τ Ceti, ι Ceti, η Ceti, ζ Ceti, consequently, τ Ceti itself is known as the Fifth Star of Square Celestial Granary. The proper motion of a star is its amount of movement across the celestial sphere, Tau Ceti is considered to be a high-proper-motion star, although it only has an annual traverse of just under two arc seconds. It will require about two years before the location of this star shifts by more than a degree. A high proper motion is an indicator of closeness to the Sun, Nearby stars can traverse an angle of arc across the sky more rapidly than the distant background stars and are good candidates for parallax studies. In the case of Tau Ceti, the parallax measurements indicate a distance of 11.9 ly and this makes it one of the closest star systems to the Sun, and the next-closest spectral class-G star after Alpha Centauri A. The radial velocity of a star is its motion toward or away from the Sun, unlike proper motion, a stars radial velocity cannot be directly observed, but must be determined through measurement of the spectrum. In the case of Tau Ceti, the velocity is about −17 km/s. The distance to Tau Ceti, along with its motion and radial velocity. The space velocity relative to the Sun is about 37 km/s and this result can then be used to compute an orbital path of Tau Ceti through the Milky Way. It has a mean distance of 9.7 kiloparsec
17.
Peanuts
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Peanuts is a syndicated daily and Sunday American comic strip written and illustrated by Charles M. Schulz, which ran from October 2,1950, to February 13,2000, continuing in reruns afterward. The comic strip is the most popular and influential in the history of comic strips, with 17,897 strips published in all, making it arguably the longest story ever told by one human being. At its peak, Peanuts ran in over 2,600 newspapers, with a readership of 355 million in 75 countries and it helped to cement the four-panel gag strip as the standard in the United States, and together with its merchandise earned Schulz more than $1 billion. Reprints of the strip are still syndicated and run in almost every U. S. newspaper, the strip focuses entirely on a social circle of young children, where adults exist but are never seen or heard. The main character, Charlie Brown, is meek, nervous and he is unable to fly a kite, win a baseball game, or kick a football. Peanuts is one of the strips with philosophical, psychological. The strips humor is psychologically complex, and the characters interactions formed a tangle of relationships that drove the strip, the holiday specials remain popular and are currently broadcast on ABC in the U. S. during the corresponding seasons. The Peanuts franchise met acclaim in theatre, with the stage musical Youre a Good Man, Charlie Brown being a successful, in 2013, TV Guide ranked the Peanuts television specials the fourth Greatest TV Cartoon of All Time. A computer-animated feature film based on the strip, The Peanuts Movie, was released on November 6,2015, Peanuts had its origin in Lil Folks, a weekly panel comic that appeared in Schulzs hometown paper, the St. Paul Pioneer Press, from 1947 to 1950. He first used the name Charlie Brown for a character there, the series also had a dog that looked much like the early 1950s version of Snoopy. In 1948, Schulz sold a cartoon to The Saturday Evening Post which published 17 single-panel cartoons by Schulz, the first of these was of a boy sitting with his feet on an ottoman. In 1948, Schulz tried to have Lil Folks syndicated through the Newspaper Enterprise Association, Schulz would have been an independent contractor for the syndicate, unheard of in the 1940s, but the deal fell through. Lil Folks was dropped in early 1950, later that year, Schulz approached the United Feature Syndicate - also operated by Scripps-Howard - with his best work from Lil Folks. When his work was picked up by United Feature Syndicate, they decided to run the new comic strip he had working on. This strip was similar in spirit to the comic, but it had a set cast of characters. The name Lil Folks was too close to the names of two comics of the time, Al Capps Lil Abner and a strip titled Little Folks. To avoid confusion, the settled on the name Peanuts. Peanuts was a title Schulz always disliked, in a 1987 interview, Schulz said of the title Peanuts, Its totally ridiculous, has no meaning, is simply confusing, and has no dignity—and I think my humor has dignity
18.
Peter Sellers
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Peter Sellers, CBE was an English film actor, comedian and singer. Born in Portsmouth, Sellers made his debut at the Kings Theatre, Southsea. He began accompanying his parents in a variety act that toured the provincial theatres and he first worked as a drummer and toured around England as a member of the Entertainments National Service Association. He developed his mimicry and improvisational skills during a spell in Ralph Readers wartime Gang Show entertainment troupe, which toured Britain, after the war, Sellers made his radio debut in ShowTime, and eventually became a regular performer on various BBC radio shows. During the early 1950s, Sellers, along with Spike Milligan, Harry Secombe and Michael Bentine, took part in the radio series The Goon Show. Sellers began his career during the 1950s. Although the bulk of his work was comedic, often parodying characters of authority such as officers or policemen. Films demonstrating his artistic range include Im All Right Jack, Stanley Kubricks Lolita and Dr. Strangelove, Whats New, Casino Royale, The Party, Being There and the five films of the Pink Panther series. Satire and black humour were major features of many of his films and he won the BAFTA Award for Best Actor in a Leading Role twice, for Im All Right Jack and for the original Pink Panther film, The Pink Panther and was nominated as Best Actor three times. In 1980 he won the Golden Globe Award for Best Actor – Motion Picture Musical or Comedy for his role in Being There, turner Classic Movies calls Sellers one of the most accomplished comic actors of the late 20th century. In his personal life, Sellers struggled with depression and insecurities, an enigmatic figure, he often claimed to have no identity outside the roles that he played. Sellers was married four times, and had three children from his first two marriages and he died as a result of a heart attack in 1980, aged 54. English filmmakers the Boulting brothers described Sellers as the greatest comic genius this country has produced since Charles Chaplin, Sellers was born on 8 September 1925, in Southsea, a suburb of Portsmouth. His parents were Yorkshire-born William Bill Sellers and Agnes Doreen Peg, both were variety entertainers, Peg was in the Ray Sisters troupe. Although christened Richard Henry, his parents called him Peter, after his elder stillborn brother, Peg Sellers was related to the pugilist Daniel Mendoza, whom Sellers greatly revered, and whose engraving later hung in his office. At one time Sellers planned to use Mendozas image for his companys logo. The family constantly toured, causing much upheaval and unhappiness in the young Sellerss life, Sellers maintained a very close relationship with his mother, which his friend Spike Milligan later considered unhealthy for a grown man. As an only child though, he spent much time alone, in 1935 the Sellers family moved to North London and settled in Muswell Hill
19.
Casino Royale (1967 film)
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Casino Royale is a 1967 spy comedy film originally produced by Columbia Pictures starring an ensemble cast of directors and actors. It is loosely based on Ian Flemings first James Bond novel, the film stars David Niven as the original Bond, Sir James Bond 007. Forced out of retirement to investigate the deaths and disappearances of international spies, he battles the mysterious Dr. Noah. The films slogan, Casino Royale is too much, Charles K. Broccoli and Harry Saltzman, failed to come to terms. Believing that he could not compete with the Eon series, Feldman resolved to produce the film as a satire, the budget escalated as various directors and writers got involved in the production, and actors expressed dissatisfaction with the project. Casino Royale was released on 13 April 1967, two prior to Eons fifth Bond movie, You Only Live Twice. The film was a success, grossing over $41.7 million worldwide. Critical reception to Casino Royale, however, was negative, some critics regarded it as a baffling. Since 1999, the rights have been held by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer. All implore Bond to come out of retirement to deal with SMERSH who have been eliminating agents, when Bond continues to stand firm, his mansion is destroyed by a mortar attack at the orders of M, who is, however, killed in the explosion. Bond travels to Scotland to return Ms remains to the grieving widow, however, the real Lady Fiona has been replaced by SMERSHs Agent Mimi. The rest of the household have been replaced, with SMERSH’s aim to discredit Bond by destroying his celibate image. Attempts by a bevy of beauties to seduce Bond fail, but Mimi/Lady Fiona becomes so impressed with Bond that she changes loyalties, on his way back to London, Bond survives another attempt on his life. Bond is promoted to the head of MI6 and he learns that many British agents around the world have been eliminated by enemy spies because of their inability to resist sex. Bond is also told that the sex maniac who was given the name of James Bond when the original Bond retired has gone to work in television and he then orders that all remaining MI6 agents will be named James Bond 007, to confuse SMERSH. He also creates a programme to train male agents to ignore the charms of women. Moneypenny recruits Coop, an expert who begins training to resist seductive women. Bond then hires Vesper Lynd, a retired agent turned millionaire, to recruit baccarat expert Evelyn Tremble, having embezzled SMERSHs money, Le Chiffre is desperate for money to cover up his theft before he is executed
20.
Charles B. Griffith
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He was credited with 29 movies, but is known to have written many more. He had also directed at least six films, acted in six films, was second director in six films. With a career spanning decades, he is cited as the father of American black comedy. During the late fifties and early sixties, Griffith created both redneck classics such as Eat My Dust and black comedies such as A Bucket of Blood and he had a small role in It Conquered the World, which he also wrote, as Dr. Pete Shelton. Griffith died on September 28,2007 in San Diego, aged 77, quentin Tarantino dedicated his film Deathproof to Griffith, whom he referred to as one of his main influences and called the father of redneck cinema. Griffith was born into a family of actors and performers, his mother and grandmother were actors, his father was in vaudeville and his mother died in childbirth in 1941, and Griffith was raised by his grandmother and attended military school. He broke into the industry writing scripts for the serial, Myrt and Marge. He then worked on the TV adaptation on the serial which ended up not being filmed, Griffith began writing film scripts, which an actor friend of his, Jonathan Haze showed to Roger Corman, who hired Griffith as a writer. He wrote two Westerns for Corman that were not made before being hired to do a rewrite on It Conquered the World. He received his credit with Gunslinger. For the next six years Griffith was Cormans most regular screenwriter and he wrote several of his early scripts with a partner, Mark Hanna, although Griffith later claimed that he did most of the writing while Hanna did the selling. Following his success with Corman, Columbia Pictures signed Griffith to a contract as producer. Griffith, They told me to make a list of 100 titles to see if I could do it, I really don’t want to get into the Columbia pictures because they thought I was putting them on. Roger thought I told them that I taught him everything he knew, Griffith made two films for Columbia, directing one, but did not enjoy the experience, They were really terrible. It stopped me for twenty years from ever directing again and you see, I got chicken and started to write very safely within a formula to please the major studios, and of course, you cant do that. Griffith soon returned to Corman and wrote two script for him made in North Dakota, Beast from Haunted Cave, Ski Troop Attack and he says for Beast from Haunted Cave he reused the structure he developed for Naked Paradise. (He would subsequently use this structure on Creature from the Haunted Sea and Atlas. }After the North Dakota movies he persuade Corman to make a black comedy and he later re-used the structure for his most famous script, The Little Shop of Horrors. That’s the most precious thing you can find is a new structure, Griffith was paid just $800 for his work
21.
Circle of Love (film)
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Circle of Love is a 1964 film directed by Roger Vadim and based on Arthur Schnitzlers 1897 play Reigen. The film generated controversy due to Jane Fondas involvement, as she was one of the first major American actresses to do a nude scene in a foreign film. In 1913, a sentimental Parisian prostitute offers herself freely to a soldier because he resembles her true love. Seeking to take advantage of all opportunities for lovemaking, the soldier seduces a lonely housemaid, returning home, the despondent maid allows her employers son to make love to her. Encouraged by the experience, the young gentleman consummates his desire for a married woman, refreshed by the love session, the married woman makes bold overtures to her stuffy husband. Later, he takes a midinette for his mistress, but the young woman forsakes him for an author she hopes will write a play for her. Instead, he pursues an established actress with whom he had an affair years before and he has little success, however, for the actress finds satisfaction only with young men, and she has a brief affair with the Count, a young officer. Following their encounter, the Count embarks on a night of wild revelry, morning finds him in the flat of the sentimental prostitute, who this time collects a fee for her services. The cycle of love is now complete, as he later said, When I make a picture about relations between people, something erotic comes through, I cant help it. But sex has been an inspiration, the greatest inspiration, since art exists, but when I do something I like to go to the end with what I express. It is very difficult in France to talk anything but sex. Politics, the army, the police, Catholicism - in that order, there is the influence of priests in censorship, no rule forbids you to discuss the church but they will stop you somehow. During filming Jane Fonda began a relationship with Vadim that went for several years. Catherine Spaak later claimed that Vadim was focused on Fonda during the making of the film so everyone suffered, the movie was released in the US in a dubbed version which Vadim loathed and inspired him to make his next movie in English and French versions. One French reviewer said that Jane Fonda had a French accent a la Laurel et Hardy, the Guardian praised the colour and production values but added there is a vulgarity about Vadims frequent fleshy close ups which compares sadly. Anouilh and Vadim stick closely to Arthur Schnitzlers original but the film is obviously embroidered with imagery of Vadims creation - a visual superfluity. Kenneth Tynan in the Observer called it a masterpiece of colour photography, the movie was advertised in New York with a giant eight-storey billboard in Times Square that displayed a naked Fonda. She sued the producers for $3 million to make sure her image was obscured, to me it was a great big opportunity to do a beautiful comedy and my first costume picture, recalled Fonda
22.
Playboy
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Playboy is an American mens lifestyle and entertainment magazine. It was founded in Chicago in 1953, by Hugh Hefner and his associates, with a presence in nearly every medium. In addition to the magazine in the United States, special nation-specific versions of Playboy are published worldwide. The magazine has a history of publishing short stories by notable novelists such as Arthur C. Clarke, Ian Fleming, Vladimir Nabokov, Saul Bellow, Chuck Palahniuk, P. G. Wodehouse, Haruki Murakami, the magazine generally reflects a liberal editorial stance, although it often interviews conservative celebrities. After a year-long removal of most nude photos in Playboy magazine and he formed HMH Publishing Corporation, and recruited his friend Eldon Sellers to find investors. Hefner eventually raised just over $8,000, including from his brother and mother. However, the publisher of a mens adventure magazine, Stag, contacted Hefner. Hefner, his wife Millie, and Sellers met to seek a new name, considering Top Hat, Gentleman, Sir, Satyr, Pan, the first issue, in December 1953, was undated, as Hefner was unsure there would be a second. He produced it in his Hyde Park kitchen, the first centerfold was Marilyn Monroe, although the picture used originally was taken for a calendar rather than for Playboy. Hefner chose what he deemed the sexiest image, a previously unused nude study of Marilyn stretched with an arm on a red velvet background with closed eyes. The heavy promotion centered around Marilyns nudity on the calendar, together with the teasers in marketing. The first issue sold out in weeks, copies of the first issue in mint to near mint condition sold for over $5,000 in 2002. The novel Fahrenheit 451, by Ray Bradbury, was serialized in the March, April, an urban legend started about Hefner and the Playmate of the Month because of markings on the front covers of the magazine. From 1955 to 1979, the P in Playboy had stars printed in or around the letter. The legend stated that this was either a rating that Hefner gave to the Playmate according to how attractive she was, the stars, between zero and 12, actually indicated the domestic or international advertising region for that printing. From 1966 to 1976, Robie Macauley was the Fiction Editor at Playboy, P. Donleavy, as well as poetry by Yevgeny Yevtushenko. Macauley also contributed all of the popular Ribald Classics series published between January 1978 and March 1984, christie Hefner, daughter of the founder Hugh Hefner, joined Playboy in 1975 and became head of the company in 1988
23.
Harpo Marx
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Arthur Marx, known professionally as Harpo Marx, was an American comedian, actor, mime artist, and musician, and the second-oldest of the Marx Brothers. In contrast to the mainly verbal comedy of his brothers Groucho and Chico, Harpos comic style was visual and he wore a curly reddish blonde wig, and never spoke during performances. He frequently used such as a horn cane, made up of a lead pipe, tape, and a bulbhorn. Harpo was born on November 23,1888 in Manhattan, New York City and he grew up in a neighborhood now known as Carnegie Hill on the Upper East Side of Manhattan, on East 93rd Street off Lexington Avenue. The turn-of-the-century building that Harpo called the first real home they ever knew was populated with European immigrants, just across the street were the oldest brownstones in the area, owned by people like David L. Loew and William Orth. Harpos parents were Sam Marx and his wife, Minnie Schoenberg Marx and his mother was from East Frisia in Germany, and his father was a native of Alsace in France and worked as a tailor. Harpo received little education and left grade school at age eight during his second attempt to pass the second grade. In January 1910, Harpo joined two of his brothers, Julius and Milton, to form The Three Nightingales, later changed to simply The Marx Brothers, multiple stories—most unsubstantiated—exist to explain Harpos evolution as the silent character in the brothers act. Harpo gained his name during a card game at the Orpheum Theatre in Galesburg. The dealer called him Harpo because he played the harp and he learned how to hold it properly from a picture of an angel playing a harp that he saw in a five-and-dime. No one in town knew how to play the harp, so Harpo tuned it as best he could, starting with one basic note and tuning it from there. Three years later he found out he had tuned it incorrectly, but he could not have tuned it properly, if he had, Harpos method placed much less tension on the strings. Although he played this way for the rest of his life, he did try to learn how to play correctly and they spent their time listening to him, fascinated by the way he played. In the autobiography Harpo Speaks, he recounts how Chico found him playing piano to accompany silent movies. Harpo had changed his name from Adolph to Arthur by 1911 and this was due primarily to his dislike for the name Adolph. The name change may have happened because of the similarity between Harpos name and Adolph Marks, a prominent show business attorney in Chicago. His first screen appearance was in the film Humor Risk, with his brothers, although according to Groucho, it was screened once. Four years later, Harpo appeared without his brothers in Too Many Kisses, four years before the brothers first released film, in Too Many Kisses, Harpo spoke the only line he would ever speak on-camera in a movie, You sure you cant move
24.
The Guardian
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The Guardian is a British daily newspaper, known from 1821 until 1959 as the Manchester Guardian. Along with its sister papers The Observer and The Guardian Weekly, The Guardian is part of the Guardian Media Group, the Scott Trust became a limited company in 2008, with a constitution to maintain the same protections for The Guardian. Profits are reinvested in journalism rather than to the benefit of an owner or shareholders, the Guardian is edited by Katharine Viner, who succeeded Alan Rusbridger in 2015. In 2016, The Guardians print edition had a daily circulation of roughly 162,000 copies in the country, behind The Daily Telegraph. The newspaper has an online UK edition as well as two international websites, Guardian Australia and Guardian US, the newspapers online edition was the fifth most widely read in the world in October 2014, with over 42.6 million readers. Its combined print and online editions reach nearly 9 million British readers, notable scoops include the 2011 News International phone hacking scandal, in particular the hacking of murdered English teenager Milly Dowlers phone. The investigation led to the closure of the UKs biggest selling Sunday newspaper, and one of the highest circulation newspapers in the world, in 2016, it led the investigation into the Panama Papers, exposing the then British Prime Minister David Camerons links to offshore bank accounts. The Guardian has been named Newspaper of the Year four times at the annual British Press Awards, the paper is still occasionally referred to by its nickname of The Grauniad, given originally for the purported frequency of its typographical errors. The Manchester Guardian was founded in Manchester in 1821 by cotton merchant John Edward Taylor with backing from the Little Circle and they launched their paper after the police closure of the more radical Manchester Observer, a paper that had championed the cause of the Peterloo Massacre protesters. They do not toil, neither do they spin, but they better than those that do. When the government closed down the Manchester Observer, the champions had the upper hand. The influential journalist Jeremiah Garnett joined Taylor during the establishment of the paper, the prospectus announcing the new publication proclaimed that it would zealously enforce the principles of civil and religious Liberty. Warmly advocate the cause of Reform, endeavour to assist in the diffusion of just principles of Political Economy and. Support, without reference to the party from which they emanate, in 1825 the paper merged with the British Volunteer and was known as The Manchester Guardian and British Volunteer until 1828. The working-class Manchester and Salford Advertiser called the Manchester Guardian the foul prostitute, the Manchester Guardian was generally hostile to labours claims. The Manchester Guardian dismissed strikes as the work of outside agitators –, if an accommodation can be effected, the occupation of the agents of the Union is gone. CP Scott made the newspaper nationally recognised and he was editor for 57 years from 1872, and became its owner when he bought the paper from the estate of Taylors son in 1907. Under Scott, the moderate editorial line became more radical, supporting William Gladstone when the Liberals split in 1886
25.
Paco Rabanne
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Francisco Paco Rabaneda Cuervo, is a French fashion designer of Spanish origin who became known as lenfant terrible of the 1960s French fashion world. Rabanne was born 18 February 1934 in the Basque town of Pasajes and his father, a Republican Colonel, was executed by Francoist troops during the Spanish Civil War. He fled Spain for France with his mother after the Francoists won the war and his education was originally in architecture. He started his career in fashion by creating jewelry for Givenchy, Dior and he used unconventional material such as metal, paper, and plastic for his Metal Couture and outlandish and flamboyant designs. Rabanne is known for his designs for such films as the 1968 science-fiction film Barbarella. Françoise Hardy was a big fan of Rabannes designs, the popular French singer Mylène Farmer continues to bring the extravagance of Paco Rabanne to her live concerts. In 1968, he began collaborating with fragrance company Puig, which resulted in the company marketing Rabannes perfumes, in 1976, the company built a perfume factory in Chartres, France. The court reasoned that because the Puigs local distributor was smuggling perfume into Brazil and it took six or seven years to recover his brand name in Brazil. In 2005, Rabanne opened in Moscow, Russia, the first exhibition of his drawings and his reasoning for showing the drawings then was, I am 72 years old and I wanted to present my drawings this year before disappearing from this planet. I have not shown them to anyone except Salvador Dalí30 years ago who told me to keep going, Rabanne wanted the money that the drawing sold for to go to the women of Beslan. In 2006, Rabanne visited Kiev, Ukraine and he summed up the changes since the Orange Revolution, Ukraine reminds me of a flower unfolding its petals before my very eyes
26.
Roger Ebert
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Roger Joseph Ebert was an American film critic and historian, journalist, screenwriter, and author. He was a critic for the Chicago Sun-Times from 1967 until his death in 2013. In 1975, Ebert became the first film critic to win the Pulitzer Prize for Criticism, the two verbally sparred and traded humorous barbs while discussing films. They created and trademarked the phrase Two Thumbs Up, used when both hosts gave the film a positive review. After Siskel died in 1999, Ebert continued hosting the show with various co-hosts and then, starting in 2000, Ebert lived with cancer of the thyroid and salivary glands from 2002. This required treatments necessitating the removal of his jaw, which cost him the ability to speak or eat normally. His ability to write remained unimpaired, however, and he continued to publish frequently both online and in print until his death on April 4,2013. Roger Joseph Ebert was born in Urbana, Illinois, the child of Annabel, a bookkeeper, and Walter Harry Ebert. He was raised Roman Catholic, attending St. Marys elementary school and his paternal grandparents were German immigrants and his maternal ancestry was Irish and Dutch. In his senior year, he was president and editor-in-chief of his high school newspaper. In 1958, he won the Illinois High School Association state speech championship in radio speaking, regarding his early influences in film criticism, Ebert wrote in the 1998 parody collection Mad About the Movies, I learned to be a movie critic by reading Mad magazine. Mads parodies made me aware of the machine inside the skin – of the way a movie might look original on the outside, I did not read the magazine, I plundered it for clues to the universe. Pauline Kael lost it at the movies, I lost it at Mad magazine, Ebert began taking classes at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign as an early-entrance student, completing his high-school courses while also taking his first university class. After graduating from Urbana High School in 1960, Ebert then attended and received his degree in 1964. As an undergraduate, he was a member of the Phi Delta Theta fraternity, One of the first movie reviews he ever wrote was a review of La Dolce Vita, published in The Daily Illini in October 1961. Ebert spent a semester as a student in the department of English there before attending the University of Cape Town on a Rotary fellowship for a year. He returned from Cape Town to his studies at Illinois for two more semesters and then, after being accepted as a PhD candidate at the University of Chicago. Instead Kogan referred Ebert to the city editor at the Chicago Sun-Times, Jim Hoge and he attended doctoral classes at the University of Chicago while working as a general reporter at the Sun-Times for a year
27.
David Hurn
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David Hurn is an English documentary photographer and member of Magnum Photos. Hurn was born on 21 July 1934 in Redhill, Surrey and he began his career in 1955 when he worked for Reflex Agency. In 1965 he became associated with Magnum Photos and became a member in 1967. In 1963, Hurn was commissioned by the producers of the James Bond films to shoot a series of stills with Sean Connery, when the theatrical property Walther PPK pistol didnt arrive, Hurn volunteered the use of his own Walther LP-53 air pistol. The pistol became a symbol of James Bond on many film posters of the series, in 1967 Dino de Laurentiis asked Hurn to travel to Rome to shoot photos of Jane Fonda in Barbarella. In 1973 he set up the School of Documentary Photography in Newport, eventually, he turned away from documentary photojournalism, bringing a more personal approach to his image making. He says, There are many forms of photography, I consider myself simply a recorder of that which I find of interest around me. I personally have no desire to create or stage direct ideas and his book, Wales, Land of My Father, illustrates the traditional and the modern aspects of Wales. In 2001 he was diagnosed with cancer but made a full recovery. He continues to live and work in Wales, london, Arts Council of Great Britain,1979. The 1960s Photographed by David Hurn, on Being a Photographer, a Practical Guide. Photography & the Creative Process, a Series by LensWork Publishing, on Looking at Photographs, A Practical Guide. 1971, Welsh Arts Council Award 1975, Kodak Social Photographic Bursary 1979/80, part of the Britain in Focus theme of Photobiennale 2014, the UK-Russia Year of Culture
28.
Exotica
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Exotica is a musical genre, named after the 1957 Martin Denny album of the same title, popular during the 1950s to mid-1960s, typically with suburban Americans who came of age during World War II. The musical colloquialism exotica means tropical ersatz good, the non-native, pseudo experience of insular Oceania, Southeast Asia, Hawaii, the Amazon basin, the Andes and tribal Africa. Denny described the style as a combination of the South Pacific. While the South Seas forms the region, exotica reflects the musical impressions of every place from standard travel destinations to the mythical shangri-las dreamt of by armchair safari-ers. Les Baxters album Ritual of the Savage was released in 1952 and this album featured lush orchestral arrangements along with tribal rhythms and offered such classics as Quiet Village, Jungle River Boat, Love Dance, and Stone God. Ritual is the seminal Exotica record, influencing all that came after it, as the 1950s progressed, Baxter carved out a niche in this area, producing a number of titles in this style including Tamboo. Caribbean Moonlight, Ports of Pleasure, and The Sacred Idol, Baxter claimed Ravel and Stravinsky as influences on his work. In 1957, Martin Denny covered Les Baxters Quiet Village, with bird calls and a vibraphone instead of strings. The song reached #2 on Billboards charts in 1959 with Dennys Exotica album reaching #1, soon the new technology of stereo further opened up the musical palettes of Denny and other prominent exotica artists such as Arthur Lyman and Juan García Esquivel. The distinctive sound of exotica relies on a variety of instruments, conga, bongos, vibes, Indonesian and Burmese gongs, boo bams, Tahitian log, Chinese bell tree and Japanese kotos. Additionally intrinsic to the sound of exotica are bird calls, big-cat roars, though there are some standards which contain lyrics, singing is rare. Abstract, sirenish ululations, chants, vocalized animal calls, however, some composers pushed the bounds of the genre by producing albums of original content, often with unusual instrumentation. These recordings include Voodoo by Robert Drasnin, Africana by Chaino, Pagan Festival by Dominic Frontiere And His Orchestra, after several years of rising excitement leading up to Hawaii becoming a state in 1959, the Hawaiiana fad waned in the United States and so did exoticas commercial appeal. CD re-issues ignited a revival in the early 1990s and this story has it that Si was doodling and had written down the word exotic on his pad of paper when he casually added an a to the end. He liked the sound of it so much that it went on to become the title of Dennys first album on the Liberty label, in the 1990s, exotica resurfaced, along with a new category in which to place the genre, lounge. Dozens of long out-of-print LPs were reissued on CD, the revival accompanied a related swing revival and general appreciation for tiki culture. Tiki Joes Ocean is currently the reigning recipient of the HAWAII MUSIC AWARD for Best Exotica Album, mr. Hos Orchestrotica is both a quintet and a big band performing the worlds only transcriptions of Esquivels large ensemble music. As of 2008, there are many festivals worldwide that celebrate exotica music, there are several podcasts that broadcast classic and new exotica and tiki revival music
29.
The Four Seasons (band)
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The Four Seasons is an American rock and pop band that became internationally successful in the 1960s and 1970s. The Vocal Group Hall of Fame has stated that the group was the most popular rock band before the Beatles, since 1970, they have also been known at times as Frankie Valli and the Four Seasons. The legal name of the organization is the Four Seasons Partnership, formed by Gaudio, while singers, producers, and musicians have come and gone, Gaudio and Valli remain the groups constant. Gaudio no longer live, leaving Valli the only member of the group from its inception who is touring as of 2017. The Four Seasons were inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 1990 and they are one of the best-selling musical groups of all time, having sold an estimated 100 million records worldwide. Frankie Vallis first commercial release was My Mothers Eyes in 1953, the following year, he and guitarist Tommy DeVito formed The Variatones, which between 1954 and 1956 performed and recorded under a variety of names before settling on the name The Four Lovers. The same year, the released their first record, Youre the Apple of My Eye. Five additional Four Lovers singles were released over the year, with virtually no sales, airplay. In 1957, the seventh single had a similar lack of success. In 1958, Charles Calello replaced Nick Massi on bass in the lineup, in 1959, the group started working with producer/songwriter Bob Crewe, primarily for session work. In late 1959, Gaudio was added to the Four Lovers on keyboards and guitar, early the following year, Nick Massi returned to replace Calello, who remained the bands musical arranger. In 1960, despite the changes of personnel, the fortunes of the Four Lovers had not changed—they failed an audition for a lounge at a Union Township, Union County, according to Gaudio, We figured well come out of this with something. So we took the name of the bowling alley and it was called the Four Seasons. Despite the last few years of frustration of the Four Lovers, later, on a handshake agreement between keyboardist/composer Bob Gaudio and lead singer Frankie Valli, the Four Seasons Partnership was formed. The Four Seasons signed as artists to Crewes production company, the group continued working with producer Bob Crewe as background vocalists, and sometimes leads under different group names, for productions on Crewes own Topix label. As a follow-up, Bob Gaudio wrote a song that, after some discussion between Crewe and Gaudio, was titled Sherry, after the song was recorded, Crewe and the members of the group solicited record labels to release it. It was Frankie Valli who spoke with Randy Wood, West coast sales manager for Vee-Jay Records who, in turn, Sherry made enough of an impression that Crewe was able to sign a deal between his production company and Vee-Jay for its release. They were the first white artists to sign with Vee-Jay, in 1962, the group released their first album, featuring the single Sherry, which was not only their first charted hit but also their first number-one song
30.
Big Girls Don't Cry (The Four Seasons song)
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Big Girls Dont Cry is a song written by Bob Crewe and Bob Gaudio and originally recorded by The Four Seasons. It hit number one on the Billboard Hot 100 on November 17,1962, the song also made it to number one, for three weeks, on Billboards Rhythm and Blues survey. According to Gaudio, he was dozing off while watching the John Payne/Rhonda Fleming/Ronald Reagan movie Tennessees Partner when he heard Paynes character slap Fleming in the face, after the slap, Flemings character replied, Big girls dont cry. Gaudio wrote the line on a scrap of paper, fell asleep, however, the now-famous line does not appear in the Ronald Reagan film. The line is heard in that film, like Sherry, the lead in Big Girls Dont Cry is sung mostly in falsetto. With this song, the Four Seasons became the first rock-era act to hit the top spot on the Hot 100 with their first two chart entries, various episodes of Happy Days feature this song, most notably when it is played in the jukebox at Arnolds diner. It was also used, with customized lyrics sung by the Four Seasons themselves and it has also appeared in the soundtrack to the 1987 film Dirty Dancing. Lucille Ball and Vivian Vance sang this song on the first season episode of The Lucy Show entitled Lucy Is a Chaperone. On the childrens television show 3-2-1 Contact, the song is reworded about Ostriches, Emus, in 1991 Kids Incorporated sang Big Girls Dont Cry in the Season 7 episode Thats What Friends Are For. Edith Massey did a punk rock version of this song with her band, Edie. Big Girls Dont Cry was covered by Massachusetts girl group IQ in 2006, lyrics of this song at MetroLyrics
31.
The Jungle Book (1967 film)
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The Jungle Book is a 1967 American animated musical comedy film produced by Walt Disney Productions. Inspired by Rudyard Kiplings book of the name, it is the 19th Disney animated feature film. Directed by Wolfgang Reitherman, it was the last film to be produced by Walt Disney, who died during its production. The Jungle Book was released on October 18,1967, to positive reception, with acclaim for its soundtrack, featuring five songs by the Sherman Brothers and one by Gilkyson, The Bare Necessities. The film grossed over $23.8 million worldwide in its first release, Disney released a live-action remake in 1994 and an animated sequel, The Jungle Book 2, in 2003, another live-action adaptation was released in 2016. Mowgli, an orphan boy, is found in a basket in the deep jungles of India by Bagheera. She raises him along with her own cubs and Mowgli soon becomes acquainted with jungle life. Mowgli is shown ten years later, playing with his wolf siblings, One night, when the wolf tribe learns that Shere Khan, a man-eating Bengal tiger, has returned to the jungle, they realize that Mowgli must be taken to the Man-Village for his own safety. Bagheera volunteers to escort him back and they leave that very night, but Mowgli is determined to stay in the jungle. He and Bagheera rest in a tree for the night, where Kaa, a python, tries to devour Mowgli. The next morning, Mowgli tries to join the elephant patrol led by Colonel Hathi, Bagheera finds Mowgli, but after a fight decides to leave Mowgli on his own. Mowgli soon meets up with the laid-back, fun-loving bear Baloo, shortly afterwards, a group of monkeys kidnap Mowgli and take him to their leader, King Louie the orangutan. King Louie offers to help Mowgli stay in the jungle if he will tell Louie how to make fire like other humans, however, since he was not raised by humans, Mowgli does not know how to make fire. Bagheera and Baloo arrive to rescue Mowgli and in the ensuing chaos, Bagheera speaks to Baloo that night and convinces him that the jungle will never be safe for Mowgli so long as Shere Khan is there. In the morning, Baloo reluctantly explains to Mowgli that the Man-Village is best for the boy, as Baloo sets off in search of Mowgli, Bagheera rallies the help of Hathi and his patrol. However, Shere Khan himself, who was eavesdropping on Bagheera and Hathis conversation, is now determined to hunt, meanwhile, Mowgli has encountered Kaa once again, but thanks to the unwitting intervention of the suspicious Shere Khan, Mowgli escapes. As a storm gathers, a depressed Mowgli encounters a group of vultures who accept Mowgli as a fellow outcast. Shere Khan appears shortly after, scaring off the vultures and confronting Mowgli, Baloo rushes to the rescue and tries to keep Shere Khan away from Mowgli, but is injured
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