Barnsley Metropolitan Borough Council is the local authority of the Metropolitan Borough of Barnsley in South Yorkshire, England. Barnsley is a metropolitan borough, one of four in South Yorkshire, and provides the majority of local government services in Barnsley. The council is a constituent member of the South Yorkshire Mayoral Combined Authority.

South Yorkshire is a ceremonial county in the Yorkshire and the Humber region of England. It borders North Yorkshire and West Yorkshire to the north, the East Riding of Yorkshire to the north-east, Lincolnshire to the east, Nottinghamshire to the south-east, and Derbyshire to the south and west. The largest settlement is the city of Sheffield.