1.
Barra da Tijuca
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Barra da Tijuca is a neighborhood or bairro in the West Zone of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, located in the western portion of the city on the Atlantic Ocean. Barra is well known for its beaches, its lakes and rivers. Although representing only 4. 7% of the city population and 13% of the area of Rio de Janeiro. Barra da Tijuca is classified as one of the most developed places in Brazil, with one of the highest HDI in the country, as measured in the 2000 Brazil Census. Differently from the South Zone and Rios Downtown, Barra da Tijuca, built only 30 years ago, follows the Modernist standards, a mix of modernity, sustainability and nature create the newest side of the city of Rio de Janeiro. The areas masterplan was designed by Lúcio Costa, known for his work on Brasília, in recent years, because of the development of the Brazilian economy, Barra has received more than 100,000 new residents and many companies headquarters looking for a more modern address. Those born in Barra da Tijuca, or those who live there, are called Barristas, Barrenses or, pejoratively, Barra da Tijuca neighborhood is well known for being the home of celebrities and soccer stars. In August 2016, Barra hosted most of the venues of the 2016 Summer Olympics, demographic data indicates that the region is the fastest growing county in Rio,98,851 in 1991,174,353 in 2000, and 300,823 in 2010. The name Barra da Tijuca can be translated as Swamp Sandbank. Barra means port entrance or sandbank, and Tijuca is an originally from the Tupi ty-yúc and means putrid water, mud, swamp, puddle. The region of Barra da Tijuca was originally a huge beach, the area, full of swamps and unsuitable for planting, remained unoccupied until the middle of the twentieth century, even though occasional groups of fishermen frequented the region. In the year 1667, the region was given to religious Benedictines, who settled only in the neighborhoods of Camorim, Vargem Pequena, and Vargem Grande. In 1900, the lands of Barra da Tijuca and Baixada Jacarepaguá were sold to the company Remedial Territorial Agricultural and SA, ESTA, the concentration of large tracts of land in the hands of a few was one of the causes of its late growth. Additionally it is separated from the rest of the municipality by large, development of the area took place initially on its two ends, in current Jardim Oceânico and in Recreio dos Bandeirantes. A bridge was built by private initiative over the Tijuca Lagoon to serve the areas new inhabitants. The plan for Barra in 1969 was similar to the one for Brasília. It was inspired by American urban planning style with wide boulevards and large open spaces, in the 1970s the Lagoa–Barra Highway was built, which allowed a greater development since it reduced the time to go to the South Zone of the city of Rio. At that same time, big planned condominiums which inspired the new way of life, how it is called, were developed in Barra, such as the condominiums Nova Ipanema
2.
Rio de Janeiro
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Rio de Janeiro, or simply Rio, is the second-most populous municipality in Brazil and the sixth-most populous in the Americas. The metropolis is anchor to the Rio de Janeiro metropolitan area, Rio de Janeiro is the capital of the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazils third-most populous state. Part of the city has designated as a World Heritage Site, named Rio de Janeiro. Founded in 1565 by the Portuguese, the city was initially the seat of the Captaincy of Rio de Janeiro, later, in 1763, it became the capital of the State of Brazil, a state of the Portuguese Empire. Rio stayed the capital of the pluricontinental Lusitanian monarchy until 1822 and this is one of the few instances in history that the capital of a colonising country officially shifted to a city in one of its colonies. Rio de Janeiro has the second largest municipal GDP in the country, the home of many universities and institutes, it is the second-largest center of research and development in Brazil, accounting for 17% of national scientific output according to 2005 data. The Maracanã Stadium held the finals of the 1950 and 2014 FIFA World Cups, the 2013 FIFA Confederations Cup, the city is divided into 33 administrative regions. Europeans first encountered Guanabara Bay on 1 January 1502, by a Portuguese expedition under explorer Gaspar de Lemos captain of a ship in Pedro Álvares Cabrals fleet, allegedly the Florentine explorer Amerigo Vespucci participated as observer at the invitation of King Manuel I in the same expedition. The region of Rio was inhabited by the Tupi, Puri, Botocudo, in 1555, one of the islands of Guanabara Bay, now called Villegagnon Island, was occupied by 500 French colonists under the French admiral Nicolas Durand de Villegaignon. Consequently, Villegagnon built Fort Coligny on the island when attempting to establish the France Antarctique colony, Rio de Janeiro was the name of Guanabara Bay. Until early in the 18th century, the city was threatened or invaded by several, mostly French, pirates and buccaneers, such as Jean-François Duclerc, on 27 January 1763, the colonial administration in Portuguese America was moved from Salvador to Rio de Janeiro. The kingdoms capital was transferred to the city, which, thus, as there was no physical space or urban structure to accommodate hundreds of noblemen who arrived suddenly, many inhabitants were simply evicted from their homes. The first printed newspaper in Brazil, the Gazeta do Rio de Janeiro, from the colonial period until the first independent decades, Rio de Janeiro was a city of slaves. There was an influx of African slaves to Rio de Janeiro, in 1819. In 1840, the number of slaves reached 220,000 people, the Port of Rio de Janeiro was the largest port of slaves in America. As a political center of the country, Rio concentrated the political-partisan life of the Empire and it was the main stage of the abolitionist and republican movements in the last half of the 19th century. Rio continued as the capital of Brazil after 1889, when the monarchy was replaced by a republic, until the early years of the 20th century, the city was largely limited to the neighbourhood now known as the historic city centre, on the mouth of Guanabara Bay. Expansion of the city to the north and south was facilitated by the consolidation and electrification of Rios streetcar transit system after 1905, though many thought that it was just campaign rhetoric, Kubitschek managed to have Brasília built, at great cost, by 1960
3.
2016 Summer Olympics
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More than 11,000 athletes from 205 National Olympic Committees, including first time entrants Kosovo, South Sudan, and the Refugee Olympic Team, took part. With 306 sets of medals, the games featured 28 Olympic sports, including rugby sevens and golf and these sporting events took place at 33 venues in the host city, and at five in São Paulo, Belo Horizonte, Salvador, Brasília, and Manaus. These were the first Summer Olympic Games under the International Olympic Committee presidency of Thomas Bach, the host city Rio de Janeiro was announced at the 121st IOC Session in Copenhagen, Denmark, on 2 October 2009. Rio became the first South American city to host the Summer Olympics, the United States topped the medal table for the fifth time in the past six Summer Olympics, winning the most golds and most medals overall, as well as its 1, 000th Olympic gold medal overall. Great Britain finished second and became the first country in the history of the modern Olympics to increase its tally of medals in the subsequent games after being the host nation. Host country Brazil won seven medals, its most at any single Summer Olympics. Bahrain, Fiji, Jordan, Kosovo, Puerto Rico, Singapore, Tajikistan, Ivory Coast and Vietnam each won their first gold medals, the bidding process for the 2016 Olympic Games was officially launched on 16 May 2007. The first step for each city was to submit an application to the International Olympic Committee by 13 September 2007. Completed official bid files, containing answers to a 25-question IOC form, were to be submitted by each 14 January 2008. Four candidate cities were chosen for the shortlist on 4 June 2008, Chicago, Madrid, Rio de Janeiro and Tokyo, prague and Baku also failed to make the cut. Nawal El Moutawakel of Morocco headed the 10-member Evaluation Commission, having chaired the evaluation commission for the 2012 Summer Olympics bids. The commission made on-site inspections in the quarter of 2009. They issued a comprehensive technical appraisal for IOC members on 2 September, many restrictions are in place designed to prevent bidding cities from communicating with or influencing directly the 115 voting members. Cities may not invite any IOC member to visit nor may they send anything that could be construed as a gift, the final voting was held on 2 October 2009, in Copenhagen with Madrid and Rio de Janeiro perceived as favourites to land the games. Chicago and Tokyo were eliminated after the first and second rounds of voting, respectively, the lead held and Rio de Janeiro was announced as host of 2016 Summer Olympics. This comes just five months after CCO Flávio Pestana quit for personal reasons, Pestana withdrew later during the 2012 Summer Paralympics. Renato Ciuchin was then appointed as COO, events took place at eighteen existing venues, nine new venues constructed specifically for the Games, and seven temporary venues. Each event was held in one of four geographically segregated Olympic clusters, Barra, Copacabana, Deodoro, the same was done for the 2007 Pan American Games
4.
2016 Summer Paralympics
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These Games saw the introduction of two new sports to the Paralympic program, canoeing and the paratriathlon. A team of two refugee athletes also participated in Rio, for the first time in Paralympic history, and the first time in the Olympics or Paralympics since 1960, an athlete—Iranian cyclist Bahman Golbarnezhad—died during competition. Following the third and final round of voting at the 121st IOC Session in Copenhagen on 2 October 2009, parsons praised how well-organized the 2012 Summer Paralympics were, and felt that his team had learned lessons from London that could be applied in Rio. As in past years, the 2016 Summer Paralympics share most of its venues with the corresponding Summer Olympics. Barra da Tijuca hosts most of the venues of the Games and they are accompanied by a wooden carrying box, and a plush toy of Paralympic mascot Tom with hair leaves that match the medals color. During the Olympics, organizers stated that only 12% of a target of 3.3 million tickets had been sold. By early September, only half of the tickets to medal events had been sold, nugent began the campaign after noticing the large number of empty seats at competition venues during the 2016 Summer Olympics. Following endorsements of the campaign by prominent figures, such as British band Coldplay, as part of a revised ticketing strategy, the organizers set a new target of 2.4 million tickets, with the cheapest tickets costing R$10 each. Ticketing director Donovan Ferreti told The Guardian that a demand for tickets had begun to develop in the final days before the opening ceremony. The low cost of tickets helped to attract attendees to the Paralympics—especially families, while praised the large. The next day, Barra Olympic Park had an attendance of 167,675. On 14 September, the IPC announced that sales had exceeded 2 million, the Paralympic torch relay began with five individual flames being relayed to a city in each of the five regions of Brazil. The emblem incorporates a heart and the infinity symbol, representing a beating heart, IPC president Philip Craven explained that in his opinion, the emblem symbolized the heart of athletes, who were also the heart of the Paralympic movement. As with the Olympic emblem, the Paralympic emblem was designed so that it could also be rendered in two- and three-dimensional versions, named after Brazilian musician Tom Jobim, the Paralympic mascot represents Brazilian flora and is always growing and overcoming obstacles. The mascots fictional backstories state that they were born from the joy of Brazilians after it was announced that Rio would host the Games. Brand director Beth Lula stated that the mascots are intended to reflect the diversity of Brazils culture, the opening ceremony of the 2016 Summer Paralympics took place on the evening of 7 September 2016, the Independence Day in Brazil, at the Maracanã Stadium. With the theme Todo Mundo tem um Coração, the portions of the ceremony featured sequences themed around the culture of host city. The official portions of the ceremony were afflicted by notable political gestures and they will surprise you, inspire and excite you, but most of all they will change you
5.
2007 Pan American Games
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The 2007 Pan American Games, officially known as the XV Pan American Games, were a major continental multi-sport event that took place in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, from July 13 to July 29,2007. A total of 5,633 athletes from 42 National Olympic Committees competed in 332 events in 34 sports and this was the first Games held in Brazil since the 1963 Pan American Games that took place in São Paulo. According to the Rio de Janeiro Organizing Committee, the Games called for the implementation of the countrys largest organizational, the official bid was submitted in August 2001 during the XXXIX Pan American Sports Organization General Assembly held in Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic. The Bidding Committee then submitted a detailed bid file for the Games, the document was prepared and developed with the assistance of Fundação Getúlio Vargas, which had been commissioned by Rio de Janeiros City Government. According to PASO statute and regulations, the host city was selected by direct voting during the XL PASO General Assembly held in Mexico City, Mexico, on August 24,2002. The candidate city that received the majority of votes from representatives of the 42 member National Olympic Committees would be awarded the right to host the competition. The announcement was made by PASO President Mario Vázquez Raña, Rio de Janeiro received 30 votes against 21 from San Antonio. Marked by a strategy that included the showing of city and project videos, Rio de Janeiros campaign convinced the majority of voters. The 39-member Brazilian delegation erupted into boisterous celebration celebrating the countrys highest achievement in terms of sporting event organization, to sort this table by nation, total medal count, or any other column, click on the icon next to the column title. The organization of the Rio 2007 Games has chosen the figure of the Sun to represent the event, the character reflects the main characteristics of the host city and harmonizes with the graphic work developed for the logo and the visual identity of both Games. The name was chosen through voting by Internet, cellular phone messages and public ballot boxes placed around the main Brazilian cities. Over 1.2 million people participated in the election, traditionally used in large sport events, the mascot figure serves the purpose of cheering the event, enforcing the playful aspect of sports and captivating spectators and athletes. The mascots main choice is to transmit messages of peace, respect to the environment, friendship and brotherhood, the Opening Ceremony of the XV Pan American Games took place on July 13,2007. Approximately 90,000 people packed Rio de Janeiros Maracanã Stadium for the occasion, the ceremony included a cast of 7,000 and a multimillion-dollar budget, being produced by Scott Givens. The show began at 05,30 pm and lasted for two and a half hours, the theme of the show was based on the theme of the Rio 2007 Games, Viva Essa Energia and the oath of the athletes was performed by Brazilian Taekwondo athlete Natália Falavigna. Also, an abbreviated version of the Olympic Anthem was played. Contrary to plan, the games were not opened by Brazils head of state, President Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva, prior to the official opening, Lula had been constantly booed whenever the in-stadium camera showed his image or when his name was mentioned. The competitions were carried through in a ray of 25 km, marapendi Club – Tennis City of Sports Complex – Basketball, Cycling, Artistic Gymnastics, Swimming, Synchronized Swimming, Roller Skating
6.
Formula One
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Formula One is the highest class of single-seat auto racing that is sanctioned by the Fédération Internationale de lAutomobile. The FIA Formula One World Championship has been the form of racing since the inaugural season in 1950. The formula, designated in the name, refers to a set of rules, the F1 season consists of a series of races, known as Grands Prix, held worldwide on purpose-built F1 circuits and public roads. The results of each race are evaluated using a system to determine two annual World Championships, one for drivers, one for constructors. The racing drivers are required to be holders of valid Super Licences, the races are required to be held on tracks graded 1, the highest grade a track can receive by the FIA. Most events are held in locations on purpose-built tracks, but there are several events in city centres throughout the world. Formula One cars are the fastest road racing cars in the world. Formula One cars race at speeds of up to approximately 375 km/h with engines currently limited in performance to a maximum of 15,000 RPM, the cars are capable of lateral acceleration in excess of five g in corners. The performance of the cars is very dependent on electronics – although traction control and other driving aids have been banned since 2008 – and on aerodynamics, suspension, the formula has radically evolved and changed through the history of the sport. F1 had a global television audience of 425 million people during the course of the 2014 season. Grand Prix racing began in 1906 and became the most popular internationally in the second half of the twentieth century. The Formula One Group is the holder of the commercial rights. Its high profile and popularity have created a major merchandising environment, since 2000 the sports spiraling expenditures and the distribution of prize money favoring established top teams have forced complaints from smaller teams and led several teams to bankruptcy. On 23 January 2017 it was confirmed that Liberty Media had completed its $8 billion acquisition of Delta Topco, the Formula One series originated with the European Grand Prix Motor Racing of the 1920s and 1930s. The formula is a set of rules that all cars must meet. Formula One was a new formula agreed upon after World War II during 1946, the first world championship race was held at Silverstone, United Kingdom in 1950. A championship for constructors followed in 1958, national championships existed in South Africa and the UK in the 1960s and 1970s. Non-championship Formula One events were held for years, but due to the increasing cost of competition
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