1.
Dublin
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Dublin is the capital and largest city of Ireland. Dublin is in the province of Leinster on Irelands east coast, the city has an urban area population of 1,345,402. The population of the Greater Dublin Area, as of 2016, was 1,904,806 people, founded as a Viking settlement, the Kingdom of Dublin became Irelands principal city following the Norman invasion. The city expanded rapidly from the 17th century and was briefly the second largest city in the British Empire before the Acts of Union in 1800, following the partition of Ireland in 1922, Dublin became the capital of the Irish Free State, later renamed Ireland. Dublin is administered by a City Council, the city is listed by the Globalization and World Cities Research Network as a global city, with a ranking of Alpha-, which places it amongst the top thirty cities in the world. It is a historical and contemporary centre for education, the arts, administration, economy, the name Dublin comes from the Irish word Dubhlinn, early Classical Irish Dubhlind/Duibhlind, dubh /d̪uβ/, alt. /d̪uw/, alt /d̪u, / meaning black, dark, and lind /lʲiɲ pool and this tidal pool was located where the River Poddle entered the Liffey, on the site of the castle gardens at the rear of Dublin Castle. In Modern Irish the name is Duibhlinn, and Irish rhymes from Dublin County show that in Dublin Leinster Irish it was pronounced Duílinn /d̪ˠi, other localities in Ireland also bear the name Duibhlinn, variously anglicized as Devlin, Divlin and Difflin. Historically, scribes using the Gaelic script wrote bh with a dot over the b and those without knowledge of Irish omitted the dot, spelling the name as Dublin. Variations on the name are found in traditionally Irish-speaking areas of Scotland, such as An Linne Dhubh. It is now thought that the Viking settlement was preceded by a Christian ecclesiastical settlement known as Duibhlinn, beginning in the 9th and 10th century, there were two settlements where the modern city stands. Baile Átha Cliath, meaning town of the ford, is the common name for the city in modern Irish. Áth Cliath is a name referring to a fording point of the River Liffey near Father Mathew Bridge. Baile Átha Cliath was an early Christian monastery, believed to have been in the area of Aungier Street, there are other towns of the same name, such as Àth Cliath in East Ayrshire, Scotland, which is Anglicised as Hurlford. Although the area of Dublin Bay has been inhabited by humans since prehistoric times and he called the settlement Eblana polis. It is now thought that the Viking settlement was preceded by a Christian ecclesiastical settlement known as Duibhlinn, beginning in the 9th and 10th century, there were two settlements where the modern city stands. The subsequent Scandinavian settlement centred on the River Poddle, a tributary of the Liffey in an area now known as Wood Quay, the Dubhlinn was a small lake used to moor ships, the Poddle connected the lake with the Liffey. This lake was covered during the early 18th century as the city grew, the Dubhlinn lay where the Castle Garden is now located, opposite the Chester Beatty Library in Dublin Castle
2.
Arthur Shields
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Arthur Shields was an Irish actor on television, stage and film. Born into an Irish Protestant family in Portobello, Dublin, Shields started acting in the Abbey Theatre when he was 17 years old and he was the younger brother of Oscar-winning actor Barry Fitzgerald. They were the sons of Adolphus Shields, who was well-known in Dublin as a labor organizer although the 1901 census listed his occupation as press reader, an Irish nationalist, Shields fought in the Easter Rising of 1916. He was captured and held for six months in the Frongoch internment camp in Frongoch and his obituary in The Times of San Mateo, California, reported. Upon his release he was decorated by the Republic of Eire, Shields returned to the Abbey Theatre and had a varied career there from 1914-1939 as actor, assistant director, director and stage manager. He appeared in productions while he was there, three of the productions he appeared in were by Irish playwright Teresa Deevy The Reapers Temporal Powers. Three times he brought the Abbey Company to the United States, in 1936, John Ford brought him to the United States to act in a film version of The Plough and the Stars. Some of his roles were in Ford films. Shields portrayed the Reverend Playfair in Fords The Quiet Man, opposite John Wayne, Maureen OHara and his brother, Barry Fitzgerald. He played Dr. Laughlin in She Wore a Yellow Ribbon with Wayne and Joanne Dru and he also made television appearances including a 1958 role on Perry Mason as Dr. George Barnes in The Case of the Screaming Woman. Shields was married to actress Laurie Bailey and they had a daughter, Christine, and a son, Adam. Shields died of related to emphysema on April 27,1970, in Santa Barbara. He was survived by his wife, a daughter, a son and his body was cremated, with the ashes taken to Dublin, Ireland, where a burial with full military honors was planned
3.
Ireland
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Ireland is an island in the North Atlantic. It is separated from Great Britain to its east by the North Channel, the Irish Sea, Ireland is the second-largest island of the British Isles, the third-largest in Europe, and the twentieth-largest on Earth. Politically, Ireland is divided between the Republic of Ireland, which covers five-sixths of the island, and Northern Ireland, in 2011, the population of Ireland was about 6.4 million, ranking it the second-most populous island in Europe after Great Britain. Just under 4.6 million live in the Republic of Ireland, the islands geography comprises relatively low-lying mountains surrounding a central plain, with several navigable rivers extending inland. The island has lush vegetation, a product of its mild, thick woodlands covered the island until the Middle Ages. As of 2013, the amount of land that is wooded in Ireland is about 11% of the total, there are twenty-six extant mammal species native to Ireland. The Irish climate is moderate and classified as oceanic. As a result, winters are milder than expected for such a northerly area, however, summers are cooler than those in Continental Europe. Rainfall and cloud cover are abundant, the earliest evidence of human presence in Ireland is dated at 10,500 BC. Gaelic Ireland had emerged by the 1st century CE, the island was Christianised from the 5th century onward. Following the Norman invasion in the 12th century, England claimed sovereignty over Ireland, however, English rule did not extend over the whole island until the 16th–17th century Tudor conquest, which led to colonisation by settlers from Britain. In the 1690s, a system of Protestant English rule was designed to materially disadvantage the Catholic majority and Protestant dissenters, with the Acts of Union in 1801, Ireland became a part of the United Kingdom. Northern Ireland saw much civil unrest from the late 1960s until the 1990s and this subsided following a political agreement in 1998. In 1973 the Republic of Ireland joined the European Economic Community while the United Kingdom, Irish culture has had a significant influence on other cultures, especially in the fields of literature. Alongside mainstream Western culture, an indigenous culture exists, as expressed through Gaelic games, Irish music. The culture of the island shares many features with that of Great Britain, including the English language, and sports such as association football, rugby, horse racing. The name Ireland derives from Old Irish Eriu and this in turn derives from Proto-Celtic *Iveriu, which is also the source of Latin Hibernia. Iveriu derives from a root meaning fat, prosperous, during the last glacial period, and up until about 9000 years ago, most of Ireland was covered with ice, most of the time
4.
Bringing Up Baby
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Bringing Up Baby is a 1938 American screwball comedy film directed by Howard Hawks, starring Katharine Hepburn and Cary Grant, and released by RKO Radio Pictures. The film tells the story of a paleontologist in a number of predicaments involving a scatterbrained woman, the screenplay was adapted by Dudley Nichols and Hagar Wilde from a short story by Wilde which originally appeared in Colliers Weekly magazine on April 10,1937. The script was specifically for Hepburn, and was tailored to her personality. Filming began in September 1937 and wrapped in January 1938, it was over schedule, production was frequently delayed due to uncontrollable laughing fits between Hepburn and Grant. Hepburn struggled with her performance and was coached by her co-star. A tame leopard was used during the shooting, its trainer was off-screen with a whip for all its scenes. Although it has a reputation as a flop upon its release, Bringing up Baby was moderately successful in many cities, the films reputation began to grow during the 1950s, when it was shown on television. Nowadays, it is considered one of the greatest films ever made, David Huxley is a mild-mannered paleontologist. For the past four years, he has been trying to assemble the skeleton of a Brontosaurus but is missing one bone, the intercostal clavicle. Adding to his stress is his marriage to the dour Alice Swallow and the need to impress Elizabeth Random. The day before his wedding, David meets Susan Vance by chance on a golf course and she is a free-spirited young lady, and Mrs. Randoms niece. Susans brother, Mark, has sent her a tame leopard from Brazil named Baby to give to their aunt, Susan thinks David is a zoologist, and persuades David to go to her country home in Connecticut to help bring up Baby. Complications arise since Susan has fallen in love with David and tries to him at her house as long as possible to prevent his marriage. David finally receives the intercostal clavicle, but Susans dog George takes it out of its box, the dowager is unaware of Davids identity, since Susan has introduced him as Mr. Bone. Baby and George run off, and Susan and David mistake a dangerous leopard who was being driven to be euthanized from a circus for Baby. After considerable running around, David and Susan are jailed by a befuddled town policeman, Constable Slocum, when Slocum does not believe their story, Susan tells him they are members of the Leopard Gang, she calls herself Swingin Door Susie, and David Jerry the Nipper. David fails to convince the constable that Susan makes things up from motion pictures shes seen, eventually, Alexander Peabody shows up to verify everyones identity. Susan, who during a police interview contrived to sneak out a window, David saves her, using a chair to shoo the big cat into a cell
5.
The Long Voyage Home
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The Long Voyage Home is a 1940 American drama film directed by John Ford. It stars John Wayne, Thomas Mitchell and Ian Hunter and it also features Barry Fitzgerald, Wilfrid Lawson, John Qualen, Mildred Natwick, and Ward Bond, among others. The film was adapted by Dudley Nichols from the plays The Moon of the Caribbees, In the Zone, Bound East for Cardiff, the original plays by Eugene ONeill were written around the time of World War I and were among his earliest plays. Ford set the story for the picture, however, during the early days of World War II. While not one of Fords best-known works, The Long Voyage Home continues to be well received, the film tells the story of the crew aboard a British tramp steamer named the SS Glencairn on the long voyage home from the West Indies to Baltimore and then to England. The crew is a motley, fun-loving, hard-drinking lot, the next day the ship sails to pick up its cargo for its return trip to England. When the crew discovers that the cargo is high explosives, they at first rebel, but they are easily cowed into submission by the captain and the ship sails, crossing the Atlantic and passing through what they all know is a war zone and potential disaster. After the ship leaves Baltimore with its load of dynamite, the rough seas they encounter become nerve-racking to the crew, when the anchor breaks loose, Yank is injured in the effort to secure it. With no doctor on board, nothing can be done for his injury, theyre also concerned that Smitty might be a German spy because hes so aloof and secretive. After they assault Smitty and restrain and gag him, they force him to give up the key to a metal box they have found in his bunk which they at first think is a bomb. Opening the box against Smittys vigorous protests, they discover a packet of letters, in the war zone as they near port, a German plane attacks the ship, killing Smitty in a burst of machine gun fire. He has his eye on Ole because he is the biggest and strongest of the lot and he drugs Oles drink, and calls his confederates in to shanghai Ole aboard another ship, the Amindra. Driscoll and the rest of the crew, even though drunk and almost too late, rescue Ole from the Amindra, the next morning, the crew straggles back somewhat dejectedly and resignedly to the Glencairn to sign on for another voyage. A newspaper headline reveals that the Amindra has been sunk in the Channel by German torpedoes and he hired nine prominent American artists, all painters, to document the dramatic scenes during the films production. Mr. Wanger offered a commission of over $50,000 to encourage the artists to participate, no other undertaking of this magnitude and purpose had been done before in Hollywood film making. The artists insisted on three things to ensure a quality effort, freedom of choice on subject matter, studios on the lot. The artists who participated were Thomas Benton, Grant Wood, George Biddle, James Chapin, Ernest Fiene, Robert Philipp, Luis Quintanilla, Raphael Soyer, eleven original paintings emerged from this inaugural effort. These toured the country in the circuit of the day beginning with a display in the Associated American Artists Galleries on Fifth Avenue
6.
How Green Was My Valley (film)
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How Green Was My Valley is a 1941 drama film directed by John Ford. The movie, based on the 1939 Richard Llewellyn novel of the name, was produced by Darryl F. Zanuck. The movie features Walter Pidgeon, Maureen OHara, Anna Lee, Donald Crisp and it was nominated for ten Academy Awards, famously beating Citizen Kane for Best Picture along with winning Best Director, Best Cinematography, and Best Supporting Actor. The movie tells of the Morgans, a hard-working Welsh mining family living in the heart of the South Wales Valleys during the 19th century, the story chronicles life in the South Wales coalfields, the loss of that way of life and its effects on the family. The fictional village in the movie is based on Gilfach Goch, Llewellyn spent many summers there visiting his grandfather, in 1990, the movie was selected for preservation in the United States National Film Registry of the Library of Congress as being culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant. The Academy Film Archive preserved How Green Was My Valley during 1998, the movie begins with a monologue by an older Huw Morgan, I am packing my belongings in the shawl my mother used to wear when she went to the market. And Im going from my valley, and this time, I shall never return. The valley and its villages are now blackened by the mines that fill the area. A young Huw, the youngest child of Gwilym Morgan, walks home with his father to meet his mother, Beth. His older brothers, Ianto, Ivor, Davy, Gwilym Jr. and Owen all work in the mines with their father. Huws childhood is idyllic, the town, not yet overrun with mining spoil, is beautiful, Huw is smitten on meeting Bronwyn, a girl engaged to be married to his oldest brother, Ivor. At the boisterous wedding party Angharad meets the new preacher, Mr. Gruffydd, trouble begins when the mine owner decreases wages, and the miners strike in protest. Gwilyms attempt to mediate by not endorsing a strike estranges him from the miners as well as his older sons. Beth interrupts a late night meeting of the strikers, threatening to kill anyone who harms her husband, while returning home, crossing the fields in a snowstorm in the dark, Beth falls into the river. Huw dives in to save her with the help of the townspeople and he recovers with the help of Mr. Gruffydd, which further endears him to Angharad. The strike is settled, and Gwilym and his sons reconcile. Angharad is courted by the owners son, Iestyn Evans. Mr Gruffydd loves her too, to the delight of the gossipy townswomen
7.
None but the Lonely Heart (film)
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None but the Lonely Heart is a 1944 American drama romance film which tells the story of a young Cockney drifter who returns home with no ambitions but finds that his family needs him. Adapted by Clifford Odets from the novel by Richard Llewellyn and directed by Odets, the movie stars Cary Grant, Ethel Barrymore, the title of the film is taken from one of Tchaikovskys best-known songs, which is featured in the background music. Ernie Mott is a restless, irresponsible, wandering Cockney with a musical ear. On Armistice Day, Ernie visits the tomb of the Unknown Warrior in Westminster Abbey, Ernie wants a better life but does not want to settle down or work for it. When he returns home, Ma Mott asks why he has returned after so long and he informs her that he will then be leaving next morning, and goes out to get a drink. He meets fellow musician Aggie Hunter outside the bar, but instead prefers the company of a gangsters fickle former wife, however, when Ernie becomes smitten with Ada she rejects his offer of a date when he tells her he will be leaving town tomorrow. The next morning, Ma Mott tells her friend, Ike Weber. Ma and Ernie get into fight, but after he storms out. Ernie returns and says that he stay with her at home. A month passes, and Ernie continues to pursue Ada, however, when gangster Jim Mordinoy informs him that shes still his wife, Ernie doesnt believe Ada when she says thats a lie and he cuts her off socially. Ernie begins to notice the poverty surrounding him in London, and chooses to accept Mordinoys offer to join his activities, Ernie begins to steal cars, and he is involved in a police chase until his car collides with a truck and explodes into flames. Ada implores him to run away with her, but he not want to leave his dying mother. She begs for forgiveness for shaming the family, and dies in prison hospital, when he returns home, he learns via a letter from Ada that she decided to stay with Mordinoy because that would make her life easier. Ernie is crushed, and walks along the street until he gets to Aggies door and walks in. None but the Lonely Heart and 1935s Sylvia Scarlett were the two films in which Cary Grant used a Cockney accent, though that was not his original accent. RKO Pictures head Charles Koerner bought Richard Llewllyns book as a vehicle for Cary Grant. Koerner also suggested that playwright Clifford Odets direct the picture and this was the first feature film that Odets directed, and he would direct only one other picture in his career, the 1959 film The Story On Page One. To secure Ethel Barrymores availability to complete her scenes, RKO had to pay all the expenses incurred by temporarily closing the play The Corn Is Green, in which she was starring on Broadway
8.
The Quiet Man
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The Quiet Man is a 1952 Technicolor American romantic comedy-drama film directed by John Ford. It stars John Wayne, Maureen OHara, Barry Fitzgerald, Ward Bond, the screenplay by Frank S. Nugent was based on a 1933 Saturday Evening Post short story of the same name by Maurice Walsh, later published as part of a collection The Green Rushes. The film is notable for Winton Hochs lush photography of the Irish countryside and it was an official selection of the 1952 Venice Film Festival. The Quiet Man won the Academy Award for Best Director for John Ford, his fourth, in 2013, the film was selected for preservation in the United States National Film Registry by the Library of Congress as being culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant. In the 1920s, Sean Thornton, an Irish-born American from Pittsburgh, travels to Ireland to reclaim his familys farm and he meets and falls in love with the fiery Mary Kate Danaher, the sister of the bullying, loud-mouthed landowner Squire Red Will Danaher. Danaher, who had wanted the farm himself, is angry that the Widow Tillane accepts Seans bid, Sean, unschooled in Irish customs, cares nothing about the dowry, but to Mary Kate the dowry represents her independence, identity, and pride. She feels passionately and intensely that the dowry is hers and is needed to validate her marriage to Sean. Angered and shamed by Seans refusal to confront her brother and demand what is legally hers, she brands him a coward, in the morning they find that others in the village had visited Will and pressured him to return Mary Kates furniture, but not her money. Sean had been a boxer in the United States, a heavyweight challenger known as Trooper Thorn, after accidentally killing an opponent in the ring, Sean hung up his gloves, vowing never to fight again. In an attempt to force Sean to confront Will, Mary Kate leaves him and boards a train departing Castletown, Sean hears that she left for the station and drags her off the train. Followed by the townspeople, he forces her to walk with him the five miles back to Inisfree. Sean demands that Will hand over her dowry, Sean promptly throws the money into a nearby furnace which Mary Kate holds open, showing that Mary Kate never cared about the money, but only what it represented. Sean regains Mary Kates love and respect, in the aftermath it is shown that Will and the Widow Tillane begin courting, and peace is returned to Inisfree. Charles Fitzsimons and James Fitzsimons were Maureen OHaras real life younger brothers, in this film, James was billed as James Lilburn, though he was later better known as James OHara. Barry Fitzgerald and Arthur Shields were also brothers in real life, ken Curtis, later of Gunsmoke fame and newly married to John Fords daughter Barbara, has a small role as Fahy, the village accordion player. It was also a departure for Republic Pictures, which backed Ford in what was considered a risky venture at the time and it was the only time the studio, known for low budget B-movies, released a film that would receive an Oscar nomination for Best Picture. Ford read the story in 1933 and soon purchased the rights to it for $10, the storys author was paid another $2,500 when Republic bought the idea, and he received a final payment of $3,750 when the film was actually made. Republic Pictures agreed to finance the film with OHara and Wayne starring and Ford directing and they did, and after completing Rio Grande, they headed for Ireland to start shooting
