1.
Joel Schumacher
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Joel T. Schumacher is an American film director, screenwriter, and producer. He is best known for directing The Incredible Shrinking Woman, St. Elmos Fire, Batman Forever, A Time to Kill, Batman & Robin, Phone Booth, The Phantom of the Opera and The Number 23. Before he launched his career as a director, Schumacher also wrote the adaptation of The Wiz. Schumacher was born in New York City. His mother was a Swedish Jew, and his father was a Baptist from Knoxville, Tennessee, Schumacher studied at Parsons The New School for Design and The Fashion Institute of Technology in New York. After first working in the industry, he realized his true love was in filmmaking. Schumachers first screenplay was for the musical drama Sparkle in 1976 and he also wrote the screenplays for the 1976 low-budget hit movie Car Wash, 1978s The Wiz — an adaptation of the stage play of the same name — and a number of other minor successes. His film directorial debut was The Incredible Shrinking Woman in 1981, the Brat Pack films St. Elmos Fire and The Lost Boys were two of Schumachers biggest hits. Their style impressed audiences and their success allowed studios to trust him with ever-larger projects. He states in the commentary for St. Elmos Fire that he resents the Brat Pack label. Schumacher has directed two adaptations of John Grishams novels, The Client and A Time to Kill, Grisham personally requested that Schumacher return to direct A Time to Kill. Schumacher replaced Tim Burton as the director of the Batman film franchise when he directed Batman Forever in 1995, val Kilmer replaced Michael Keaton in the title role, despite a lukewarm critical reception, the film scored the highest-grossing opening weekend of 1995. It finished as the second highest-grossing film of the year in North America, after this success, Warner Bros. hired Schumacher to direct a sequel, Batman & Robin, in 1997. The film did not perform as well at the box office as its predecessors, Warner Bros. subsequently put the Batman movie series on hiatus, canceling Schumachers next planned Batman movie, Batman Unchained. On the DVD commentary, Schumacher has admitted that his movie disappointed fans of darker Batman adaptations, saying that the film was made intentionally marketable and kid-friendly. He claims to have been under pressure from the studio to do so, however, he admits full responsibility and, at one point. Schumacher is a devoted Batman fan himself, and has said he would have preferred an adaptation of the comic Batman. After back-to-back Grisham and Batman films, Schumacher decided to reinvent his career with darker, lower-budget fare like 8MM with Nicolas Cage, 8MM was entered into the 49th Berlin International Film Festival. In 1999, Schumacher also directed the video for Letting the Cables Sleep by English rock band Bush
2.
Akiva Goldsman
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Akiva J. Goldsman is an American film and television writer, director, and producer. He received an Academy Award for Best Adapted Screenplay for the 2001 film A Beautiful Mind, goldsmans filmography as a screenwriter includes Batman Forever and its sequel Batman & Robin, I Am Legend, Cinderella Man, and numerous rewrites both credited and uncredited. In 2006 Goldsman re-teamed with A Beautiful Mind director Ron Howard to adapt Dan Browns novel The Da Vinci Code for Howards film version, receiving mixed reviews for his work. Akiva Goldsman was born on July 7,1962 in New York City, the son of Tev Goldsman, a therapist, and Mira Rothenberg, both of his parents ran a group home for emotionally disturbed children. Goldsmans parents were occupied with their work, and Goldsman said, By the time I was 10 or 12, I wanted nothing more to do with that world. I had a fantasy that someday Id see my name on a book, in 1983, Goldsman attended Wesleyan University in Middletown, Connecticut. After graduation, Goldsman studied creative writing at New York University, in 1994, he wrote the screenplay that would become the film Silent Fall. Afterward, director Joel Schumacher hired Goldsman to write The Client, in the late 1990s, Akiva Goldsman wrote screenplays for A Time to Kill and Batman & Robin, which were considered subpar quality and got him nominated for the Golden Raspberry Awards. Goldsman came to the realization, I sort of got lost, I was writing away from what I knew. Its a little like a cat chasing its tail, once you start making movies that are less than satisfying, you start to lose your opportunity to make the satisfying ones. People are not serving them up to you, saying, Youre the guy we want for this, Goldsman appealed to producer Brian Grazer to write the screenplay for A Beautiful Mind and ultimately won an Academy Award for Writing Adapted Screenplay. The star of A Beautiful Mind, Russell Crowe, later invited Goldsman and director Ron Howard to film Cinderella Man, Goldsman has a production company at Warner Bros. called Weed Road Pictures. On April 6,2010, it was announced that he produce a PG-13 remake of the Troma cult film The Toxic Avenger. On September 8,2010, it was announced that he would write the first season of the series based on the novels of Stephen Kings The Dark Tower series. The project is currently in development hell and it tells the story of Luttrells Navy SEAL team in 2005 Afghanistan, on a mission to kill a terrorist leader. The movie starred Mark Wahlberg, Emile Hirsch, Ben Foster and Taylor Kitsch, Goldsman made his feature film directing debut with Winters Tale, a film adaption of the Mark Helprin novel. Goldsman worked for seven years on developing the project with Warner Bros, Pictures, finally getting a green light on the script. The principal cast consisted of Colin Farrell, Russell Crowe, Jessica Brown Findlay, Jennifer Connelly, Will Smith, the film was released on February 14,2014
3.
DC Comics
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DC Comics, Inc. is an American comic book publisher. It is the unit of DC Entertainment, a subsidiary of Warner Bros. Entertainment, Inc. a division of Time Warner, the company has also published non-DC Universe-related material, including Watchmen, V for Vendetta and many titles under their alternative imprint Vertigo. The initials DC came from the popular series Detective Comics. Random House distributes DC Comics books to the market, while Diamond Comic Distributors supplies the comics shop specialty market. DC Comics and its major, longtime competitor Marvel Comics together shared 70% of the American comic book market in 2016, entrepreneur Major Malcolm Wheeler-Nicholson founded National Allied Publications in autumn 1934. The company debuted with the tabloid-sized New Fun, The Big Comic Magazine #1 with a date of February 1935. That title evolved into Adventure Comics, which continued through issue #503 in 1983, in 2009 DC revived Adventure Comics with its original numbering. In 1935, Jerry Siegel and Joe Shuster, the creators of Superman, created Doctor Occult. Wheeler-Nicholsons third and final title, Detective Comics, advertised with a cover illustration dated December 1936, the themed anthology series would become a sensation with the introduction of Batman in issue #27. By then, however, Wheeler-Nicholson had gone, Detective Comics, Inc. was formed, with Wheeler-Nicholson and Jack S. Liebowitz, Donenfelds accountant, listed as owners. Major Wheeler-Nicholson remained for a year, but cash-flow problems continued, shortly afterward, Detective Comics, Inc. purchased the remains of National Allied, also known as Nicholson Publishing, at a bankruptcy auction. Detective Comics, Inc. soon launched a fourth title, Action Comics, Action Comics #1, the first comic book to feature the new character archetype—soon known as superheroes—proved a sales hit. The company quickly introduced such popular characters as the Sandman and Batman. That year, Gaines let Liebowitz buy him out, and kept only Picture Stories from the Bible as the foundation of his own new company, at that point, Liebowitz promptly orchestrated the merger of All-American and Detective Comics into National Comics. Next he took charge of organizing National Comics, Independent News, National Periodical Publications became publicly traded on the stock market in 1961. The company began to move aggressively against what it saw as copyright-violating imitations from other companies, such as Fox Comics Wonder Man and this extended to DC suing Fawcett Comics over Captain Marvel, at the time comics top-selling character. Despite the fact that parallels between Captain Marvel and Superman seemed more tenuous, the courts ruled that substantial and deliberate copying of copyrighted material had occurred, faced with declining sales and the prospect of bankruptcy if it lost, Fawcett capitulated in 1955 and ceased comics publication
4.
Batman characters
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The Batman supporting characters are a collective of fictional characters appearing in American comic books published by DC Comics. These characters are depicted as allies of the superhero Batman, since Batmans introduction in 1939, the character has accumulated a number of recognizable supporting characters. Robin, Batmans vigilante partner, was introduced in the Spring of 1940, Alfred Pennyworth, Batmans butler, was introduced in 1943, Batman Family is the informal name for Batmans closest allies, generally masked vigilantes operating in Gotham City. Others such as Jason Bard, Harold, Onyx, and Toyman work for him, in addition, Batman has perhaps the most well known adversaries in fiction, commonly referred to as Batmans rogues gallery, which includes the Joker, Penguin, and Two-Face, among others. Gotham Central series ended its 40 issue run in 2006, james Jim Gordon, the police commissioner of Gotham City, is the most important member of the GCPD within the Batman mythos. Appearing alongside the character in his first appearance, Gordon was the first Batman supporting character. Batman has a working relationship with him. Gordon, like characters, has changed considerably over the years. Of particular note, is that in the days of the characters, Gordon was not allied with Batman. However, he was a friend of Bruce Wayne, in Batman, Year One, Gordon is portrayed as one of the few honest, non-corrupt Gotham cops. During No Mans Land, Bruce offered him the knowledge of his secret identity, Jim retired several months after NML, but returned to duty in the One Year Later storyline. Other members of the Gotham City Police Department have played prominent roles in Batmans extended family, Renee Montoya, a character who was added into the comics in the 1990s as a character adapted from the animated series. She later quit the GCPD when her partner Crispus Allen was murdered, Following this she became a main character in the 52 limited series. Renee, who took on the mantle of the Question, occasionally fights crime with the current Batwoman. In the New 52, Renee appears in an image viewed by Kate Kane on the GCPDs wall of honour and she made her first full appearance in Batman #43. Crispus Allen was a police veteran transferred to Gotham City where he was partnered with detective Renee Montoya on the Gotham City Police Departments Major Crimes Unit. Allen had a wife and two teenaged sons, whom he put above his job and the safety of others when Gotham was in crisis. Allen saw Batman as an evil, not wanting to deal with him
5.
Bob Kane
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Bob Kane was an American comic book writer and artist who co-created, with Bill Finger, the DC Comics character Batman. He was inducted into the book industrys Jack Kirby Hall of Fame in 1994. Robert Kahn was born in New York City, New York and his parents, Augusta and Herman Kahn, an engraver, were of Eastern European Jewish descent. A high school friend of fellow cartoonist and future Spirit creator Will Eisner, Robert Kahn graduated from DeWitt Clinton High School and he studied art at Cooper Union before joining the Max Fleischer Studio as a trainee animator in 1934. He entered the field two years later, in 1936, freelancing original material to editor Jerry Igers comic book Wow. Including his first pencil and ink work on the serial Hiram Hick, for that last title he went on to do his first adventure strip, Rusty and his Pals. In early 1939, DCs success with the seminal superhero Superman in Action Comics prompted editors to scramble for more such heroes, in response, Bob Kane conceived the Bat-Man. Bill Finger joined Bob Kanes nascent studio in 1938, an aspiring writer and part-time shoe salesperson, he had met Kane at a party, and Kane later offered him a job ghost writing the strips Rusty and Clip Carson. He recalled that Kane. had an idea for a character called Batman, I went over to Kanes, and he had drawn a character who looked very much like Superman with kind of. Reddish tights, I believe, with boots, with a small domino mask, swinging on a rope. He had two wings that were sticking out, looking like bat wings. And under it was a big sign, Finger additionally said his suggestions were influenced by Lee Falks The Phantom, a syndicated newspaper comic strip character with which Kane was familiar as well. Finger, who said he devised the characters civilian name, Bruce Wayne, wrote the first Batman story. Kane, who had submitted the proposal for Batman at DC. Comics historian Ron Goulart, in Comic Book Encyclopedia, refers to Batman as the creation of artist Bob Kane, according to Kane, Bill Finger was a contributing force on Batman right from the beginning. He wrote most of the stories and was influential in setting the style. I made Batman a superhero-vigilante when I first created him, Bill turned him into a scientific detective. The character debuted in Detective Comics #27 and proved a breakout hit, within a year, Kane hired art assistants Jerry Robinson and George Roussos
6.
Arnold Schwarzenegger
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Arnold Alois Schwarzenegger is an Austrian-American actor, producer, businessman, investor, author, philanthropist, activist, politician and former professional bodybuilder. He served two terms as the 38th Governor of California from 2003 until 2011, Schwarzenegger began weight training at the age of 15. He won the Mr. Universe title at age 20 and went on to win the Mr. Olympia contest seven times, Schwarzenegger has remained a prominent presence in bodybuilding and has written many books and articles on the sport. He is widely considered to be among the greatest bodybuilders of all time as well as bodybuildings biggest icon, Schwarzenegger gained worldwide fame as a Hollywood action film icon. His breakthrough film was the sword-and-sorcery epic Conan the Barbarian in 1982, in 1984, Schwarzenegger appeared in James Camerons science-fiction thriller film The Terminator, which was a massive critical and box-office success. Schwarzenegger subsequently reprised the Terminator character in the later installments in 1991,2003. He appeared in a number of films, such as Commando, The Running Man, Predator, Twins, Total Recall, Kindergarten Cop. In 2015, it was announced Schwarzenegger would replace Donald Trump as the host of The Celebrity Apprentice and he was nicknamed the Austrian Oak in his bodybuilding days, Arnie during his acting career, and The Governator during his political career. As a Republican, he was first elected on October 7,2003, Schwarzenegger was sworn in on November 17, to serve the remainder of Daviss term. Schwarzenegger was sworn in for his term on January 5,2007. In 2011, Schwarzenegger completed his term as governor. Schwarzenegger was born in Thal, Styria, and christened Arnold Alois and his parents were Gustav Schwarzenegger and Aurelia Schwarzenegger. He married Aurelia on October 20,1945, he was 38, according to Schwarzenegger, both of his parents were very strict, Back then in Austria it was a very different world. If we did something bad or we disobeyed our parents, the rod was not spared, Schwarzenegger grew up in a Roman Catholic family who attended Mass every Sunday. Gustav had a preference for his son, Meinhard, over Arnold. His favoritism was strong and blatant, which stemmed from unfounded suspicion that Arnold was not his biological child, Schwarzenegger has said his father had no patience for listening or understanding your problems. He had a relationship with his mother and kept in touch with her until her death. Gustavs background received wide press attention during the 2003 California recall campaign, at school, Schwarzenegger was reportedly academically average, but stood out for his cheerful, good-humored, and exuberant character
7.
George Clooney
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George Timothy Clooney is an American actor, filmmaker, and activist. He has received three Golden Globe Awards for his work as an actor and two Academy Awards, one for acting in Syriana and the other for co-producing Argo, in 1999, he took the lead role in Three Kings, a well-received war satire set during the Gulf War. In 2001, Clooneys fame widened with the release of his biggest commercial success, the heist comedy remake Oceans Eleven, in 2013, he received the Academy Award for Best Picture for producing the political thriller Argo. He is the person who has been nominated for Academy Awards in six different categories. In 2009, Clooney was included in Times annual Time 100 as one of the Most Influential People in the World and he is also noted for his political activism, and has served as one of the United Nations Messengers of Peace since January 31,2008. He is also a member of the Council on Foreign Relations, Clooney was born in Lexington, Kentucky. His mother, Nina Bruce, was a beauty queen and city councilwoman and his father, Nick Clooney, is a former anchorman and game show host who hosted AMC for five years in the late 1990s. Clooney has Irish, German, and English ancestry and his maternal great-great-great-great-grandmother, Mary Ann Sparrow, was the half-sister of Nancy Lincoln, mother of President Abraham Lincoln. Clooney has a sister named Adelia. His aunt was the cabaret singer and actress Rosemary Clooney. Through Rosemary, his cousins include actors Miguel Ferrer, Rafael Ferrer, and Gabriel Ferrer, Clooney was raised a strict Roman Catholic, but said in 2006 that he does not know if he believes in Heaven, or even God. He has said, Yes, we were Catholic, big time, whole family and he began his education at the Blessed Sacrament School in Fort Mitchell, Kentucky. He attended St. Michaels School in Columbus, Ohio, then Western Row Elementary School in Mason, Ohio, from 1968 to 1974, and St. Susanna School in Mason, the Clooneys moved back to Kentucky when George was midway through the seventh grade. In middle school, Clooney developed Bells palsy, a condition that partially paralyzes the face, the malady went away within a year. In an interview with Larry King, he stated that yes and it takes about nine months to go away. It was the first year of school, which was a bad time for having half your face paralyzed. After his parents moved to Augusta, Kentucky, Clooney attended Augusta High School and he has stated that he earned all As and a B in school, and was an enthusiastic baseball and basketball player. He tried out to professional baseball with the Cincinnati Reds in 1977
8.
Chris O'Donnell
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Christopher Eugene Chris ODonnell is an American actor. ODonnell currently stars as NCIS Special Agent G. Callen on the CBS crime drama television series NCIS, Los Angeles, a spin-off of NCIS. ODonnell was born in Winnetka, Illinois, the son of Julie Ann Rohs von Brecht and William Charles ODonnell, Sr. a general manager of WBBM-AM and he is the youngest of seven children, with four sisters and two brothers, and is of German and Irish descent. He was raised in a Roman Catholic family and attended Roman Catholic schools, including Loyola Academy in Wilmette, Illinois for high school and he attended Boston College and graduated with a Bachelor of Science in marketing. He began modeling at the age of 13, and was featured in several commercials, ODonnell was discovered when he was cast in a McDonalds commercial, in which he served Michael Jordan. His first television role was an appearance on the series Jack, at the age of 17, he was offered a chance to audition for a part in the movie Men Dont Leave, with Jessica Lange, and he won the role. In the early 1990s, ODonnell was a player in many successful movies such as Fried Green Tomatoes, School Ties. He was named one of the 12 Promising New Actors of 1992 in John Willis Screen World, after the success of Blue Sky and Circle of Friends, ODonnell played Dick Grayson/Robin in Batman Forever. He reportedly was part of a field of candidates that included Leonardo DiCaprio, Matt Damon, Jude Law, Ewan McGregor, Corey Haim, Corey Feldman, Toby Stephens, producers narrowed their choices to DiCaprio and ODonnell. At a comic convention, they asked a group of 11-year-old boys, the target audience. After the boys overwhelmingly declared ODonnell the winner, he was given the role. ODonnell was said to be 20th Century Foxs favorite choice to play Jack Dawson in Titanic, ODonnell followed with a starring role in 1996s The Chamber, based on the John Grisham novel. He subsequently reprised his role as Robin in the Batman sequel, although a box office success, the movie was critically panned and ODonnell himself has called it a low point in his career. He was considered for the role in Spider-Man, when the project was in development with James Cameron directing in 1996. ODonnell did not appear in another movie for two years and he was the producers original choice for the role of James Edwards in Men in Black, but, after he turned it down, the role went to Will Smith. The Robert Altman film Cookies Fortune, The Bachelor and Vertical Limit were only moderately successful, following Vertical Limit, a four-year hiatus led some to believe Batman & Robin had damaged his career. However, he came back in 2004 with the widely praised Kinsey, ODonnell also appeared in the 2004 episode of Two and a Half Men entitled An Old Flame With A New Wick. ODonnell took a role in the Fox Network television series Head Cases in 2005
9.
Uma Thurman
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Uma Karuna Thurman is an American actress and model. She has performed in a variety of films, ranging from romantic comedies, following her appearances on the December 1985 and May 1986 covers of British Vogue, she starred in Dangerous Liaisons. She starred in more films throughout the 1990s such as Batman & Robin, Gattaca. Thurman was awarded the Golden Globe for Best Actress in a Television Film for Hysterical Blindness, hailed as Quentin Tarantinos muse, she reunited with the director to play the main role in both Kill Bill films, which brought her two additional Golden Globe Award nominations. Other acting credits in the decade include Be Cool, The Producers, Thurman was born in Boston, Massachusetts. Her forename Uma, Sanskrit उमा, literally means splendour, light and her father, Robert Alexander Farrar Thurman, is a professor of Indo-Tibetan Buddhist Studies, an academic and writer, he lived as an ordained Buddhist monk for three years. Her mother, Nena von Schlebrügge, was German nobility and a model, discovered in Stockholm. Thurmans mother was born in Mexico City, Mexico, of Swedish, German and Danish descent, while Thurmans father was born in New York, Thurman received a Buddhist upbringing, and spent altogether around two years in the Indo-Himalayan town of Almora. She now considers herself to be an agnostic and she grew up mostly in Amherst, Massachusetts, where she went to Amherst Regional Middle School, then moved to Woodstock, New York. She has three brothers, Ganden, Dechen, and Mipam, and a half-sister named Taya, from her fathers previous marriage, Thurmans first cousin, once removed, is Swedish football player Max von Schlebrügge. Thurman is described as having been an awkward and introverted girl who was teased for her tall frame, angular bone structure, enormous feet, when Thurman was 10 years old, a friends mother suggested a nose job. As a child, she suffered bouts of body dysmorphic disorder, in the eighth grade she discovered her love for acting. Talent scouts noticed her performance as Abigail in a production of The Crucible, Thurman attended Northfield Mount Hermon School, a preparatory school in Massachusetts, before dropping out to pursue a career in acting. Thurman began her career as a model at age 15. Her early modeling credits included Glamour and the December 1985 and May 1986 covers of British Vogue and she made her movie debut in 1988, appearing in four films that year. Her first two were the school comedy Johnny Be Good and teen thriller Kiss Daddy Goodnight. The most notable of these first four films was Oscar-winning drama Dangerous Liaisons, a commercial success, the picture also garnered Thurman recognition and acclaim from critics and audiences, film critic Roger Ebert found her to be well cast in her tricky key role. At the time, insecure about her appearance, she spent roughly a year in London, during which she often wore loose, malkovich said of her, There is nothing twitchy teenager-ish about her, I haven’t met anyone like her at that age
10.
Alicia Silverstone
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Alicia Silverstone-Jarecki is an American actress, producer, author, and activist. She starred in the comedy hit Clueless, which earned her a deal with Columbia Pictures. She has continued to act in film and television and on stage, for her role in the short-lived drama comedy Miss Match, Silverstone received a Golden Globe Award nomination for Best Actress – Television Series Musical or Comedy. A vegan, Silverstone has endorsed PETA activities and has published two nutrition books, Silverstone was born in San Francisco, California, the daughter of Deirdre Didi, a Scottish former Pan Am flight attendant, and Monty Silverstone, an English real estate agent. She grew up in Hillsborough, California and her father was born to a Jewish family and her mother converted to Conservative Judaism before marriage, Silverstone had a bat mitzvah ceremony. Silverstone began modeling when she was six years old, and was subsequently cast in television commercials and she attended Crocker Middle School and then San Mateo High School. Her first credited acting role was on The Wonder Years, starring Fred Savage, in the January 8,1992 episode Road Test and she won two awards at the 1994 MTV Movie Awards for the role—Best Breakthrough Performance and Best Villain. Silverstone made some movies in her early career, including Torch Song, Cool and the Crazy. These were hugely successful for both the band and Silverstone, making her a household name, Clueless became a hit and critical darling during the summer of 1995, and as a result, she signed a deal with Columbia-TriStar valued between $8 and $10 million. As part of the package, she got a three-year first look deal for her own production company, Silverstone had other three film releases in 1995—Le Nouveau monde, Hideaway and The Babysitter. The French drama about Americans Le Nouveau monde saw her play the love interest of a French boy, in 1996, she starred in the direct-to-video thriller True Crime as a catholic school student searching for a murderer of teenage girls. Her next role was Batgirl in Batman & Robin, Silverstone won a Razzie Award for Worst Supporting Actress, but received a Blimp Award at the Kids Choice Awards for the role. Also in 1997, the first movie by Silverstones production company, in the crime-comedy, she played a neglected young woman who stages her own kidnapping to get her fathers attention, only to be actually kidnapped by a car thief. The film only grossed US$14.5 million in North America, Silverstone starred as the female lead in the romantic comedy Blast from the Past, directed by Hugh Wilson and co-starring Brendan Fraser, Christopher Walken, and Sissy Spacek. Critical response towards the film was mixed, while it made a modest US$40 million globally, the New York Post noted in its review that Silverstone proves wrong anyone who gave up on her because of her ill-fated turn in the awful Batman and Robin. She’s quite believable as a chick whos seen enough of life to give up on romance. In Loves Labours Lost, a adaptation of the William Shakespeare eponymous play directed by Kenneth Branagh, Silverstone played the Princess of France. She also starred as one of several disgruntled bank employees trying to rob the bank in the independent comedy Scorched, co-starring Rachael Leigh Cook, Woody Harrelson
11.
Michael Gough
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Gough was born in Kuala Lumpur, Federated Malay States on November 23,1916, the son of British parents Francis Berkeley Gough and Frances Atkins. Gough was educated at Rose Hill School, Tunbridge Wells, and at Durham School, he moved onto Wye Agricultural College which he left to go to the Old Vic. During World War II Gough was an objector, like his friend Frith Banbury, although he was obliged to serve in the Non-Combatant Corps. In 1948, Gough made his debut in Blanche Fury and thereafter. In 1955, he portrayed one of the two murderers who kill the Duke of Clarence, as well as the Princes in the Tower in Laurence Oliviers Richard III and he also appeared in the comedy film Top Secret. Alongside Val Kilmer, with whom he would work later in the Batman franchise. Gough guest-starred in Doctor Who, as the villain in The Celestial Toymaker and he was introduced in the first-season episode Maximum Security of Colditz as Major Willi Schaeffer, the alcoholic second-in-command of the Kommandant. In the Ian Curteis television play Suez 1956, he portrayed Prime Minister Anthony Eden, in 1981, he was reunited with Laurence Olivier in Granada Televisions Brideshead Revisited, portraying the doctor to Oliviers dying Lord Marchmain. Gough also appeared in The Citadel as Sir Jenner Halliday, in 1985s Out of Africa as Lord Delamere and his later roles included Alfred Pennyworth for Tim Burton, including Batman and Batman Returns. He also reprised his role as Alfred in the 1994 BBC radio adaptation of Batman, Knightfall and in Batman Forever, Gough was one of two actors to have appeared in the four Batman films in the Burton/Schumacher series, the other actor was Pat Hingle. Gough worked for Burton again in 1999s Sleepy Hollow and Corpse Bride and he also briefly reprised his Alfred role in six 2001 television commercials for the OnStar automobile tracking system, informing Batman of the systems installation in the Batmobile. Other commercial appearances famously included Gough as Alfred in a 1989 advertisement for Diet Coke, Gough retired in 1999 after appearing in Burtons Sleepy Hollow. He would emerge from retirement twice more, both as a favor to Burton, to voice Elder Gutknecht in Corpse Bride and the Dodo in Alice in Wonderland, Gough was married four times—one of his ex-wives is Anne Elizabeth Leon. They married in 1950, their daughter Emma Frances was born in 1953, another ex-wife is Doctor Who actress Anneke Wills, who portrayed the Doctors companion Polly. Gough adopted Wills daughter Polly and in 1965, their son Jasper was born, Gough won Broadways 1979 Tony Award as Best Actor for Bedroom Farce. He was also nominated in the category in 1988 for Breaking the Code. In 1957, he won a BAFTA TV Award and in 1971, was nominated for a BAFTA Film Award for his work in The Go-Between. He was nominated for a Drama Desk Award Outstanding Featured Actor in a Play in 1979 for Bedroom Farce, Gough died on 17 March 2011 in London, England after a short illness
12.
Pat Hingle
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Martin Patterson Pat Hingle was an American actor who appeared in hundreds of television shows and feature films. His first film was On the Waterfront in 1954 and he often played tough authority figures. Hingle was a friend of Clint Eastwood and appeared in the Eastwood films Hang em High, The Gauntlet. Martin Patterson Hingle was born in Miami, Florida, the son of Marvin Louise, a schoolteacher and musician, and Clarence Martin Hingle, Hingle enlisted in the United States Navy in December 1941, dropping out of the University of Texas. He served on the destroyer USS Marshall during World War II and he returned to the University of Texas after the war and earned a degree in radio broadcasting in 1949. As a Navy Reservist, he was recalled to the service during the Korean War, Hingle began acting in college, and after graduating, he moved to New York and studied at the American Theatre Wing. In 1952, he became a member of the Actors Studio and this led to his first Broadway show, End as a Man. On Broadway, he originated the role of Gooper in the original Broadway production of Tennessee Williams Cat on a Hot Tin Roof and he played the title role in the award winning Broadway play J. B. by Archibald MacLeish. He appeared in the 1963 Actors Studio production of Strange Interlude, directed by Jose Quintero and he earned a Tony Award nomination for his performance in Dark at the Top of the Stairs. In 1997, he played Benjamin Franklin in the Roundabout Theatre revival of the musical 1776, with Brent Spiner, hingles first film role was an uncredited part as bartender Jock in On the Waterfront. Later in his career, he was known for playing judges, police officers and he was a guest star on the early NBC legal drama Justice, based on case histories of the Legal Aid Society of New York, which aired in the 1950s. Another notable role was as the father of Warren Beattys character in Splendor in the Grass, which was directed by Elia Kazan, Hingle was widely known for portraying the father of Sally Fields title character Norma Rae. He also played manager Colonel Tom Parker in John Carpenters TV movie Elvis, Hingle had a long list of television and film credits to his name, going back to 1948. Among them were The Fugitive, Carol for Another Christmas, Nevada Smith, Mission, Impossible, Hang Em High, The Gauntlet, Sudden Impact, Road To Redemption, When You Comin Back, Red Ryder. Brewsters Millions, Stephen Kings Maximum Overdrive, The Grifters, Citizen Cohn, The Land Before Time, Wings, Hingle played Dr. Chapman in seven episodes of the TV series Gunsmoke, and Col. Tucker in the movie Gunsmoke, To the Last Man. In 1963, Hingle guest-starred in an episode of The Twilight Zone called The Incredible World of Horace Ford as the title character and he guest starred in the TV series Matlock and Murder, She Wrote. In 1980, he appeared in the police series Stone with Dennis Weaver. He played Commissioner Gordon in the 1989 film Batman and its three sequels and he is one of only two actors to appear in the four Batman films from 1989 to 1997, the other is Michael Gough
13.
Elle Macpherson
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Elle Macpherson is an Australian model, businesswoman, television host and actress. She is well known for her record five cover appearances for the Sports Illustrated Swimsuit Issue beginning in the 1980s, leading to her nickname The Body. She is the founder, primary model, and creative director for a series of ventures, including Elle Macpherson Intimates, a lingerie line, and The Body. She has been the host and executive producer of Britain & Irelands Next Top Model from 2010 to 2013 and she is an executive producer of NBCs Fashion Star and was the host for the first season. As an actress, Macpherson appeared in supporting roles in The Mirror Has Two Faces and Batman and Robin as well as roles in The Edge. She also had a role on Friends and hosted an episode of Saturday Night Live. Macphersons parents divorced when she was 10 years old, and she moved with her mother and her mother later remarried, and a clerical mistake in registering at her new school meant that her surname was changed from Gow to Macpherson. Macpherson grew up in East Lindfield, a suburb in the Sydneys North Shore and she briefly studied law for one year at the University of Sydney. Her sister is a businesswoman and environmentalist Mimi Macpherson, born Miriam Frances Gow, Macpherson enrolled to study law at Sydney University. Before beginning her university studies, she visited the United States to spend one year doing modelling work to earn money to pay for her law books and she travelled to New York City, where she initially signed up with Click Model Management. Her modelling career began in 1982 with a commercial for Tab which established her as a girl next door figure in Australia. She cemented her high-profile through frequent appearances in Elle, featuring on numerous covers, during that time, at the age of 21, she married Gilles Bensimon, the creative director of Elle. In 1985, Macpherson became the face of luxury French skin care company Biotherm. Eventually she garnered more exposure through Sports Illustrated magazines annual Swimsuit Issue and she appeared on the cover a record five times,1986,1987,1988,1994, and 2006. She has appeared in advertising campaigns for Christian Dior, Escada, Azzedine Alaïa, Guy Laroche, Victorio & Lucchino, Omega, Pinko, H&M, Victorias Secret, and Revlon. She also appeared in advertising campaigns for Diet Coke, Chrysler, Budweiser, Tab, KFC, Garuda Airlines. After appearing nude in the 1994 film Sirens, Macpherson learned that the media had begun searching for nude photos of her, including contacting her ex-boyfriends. To address this, Macpherson appeared in a pictorial in the May 1994 issue of Playboy magazine, shot by Herb Ritts
14.
Elliot Goldenthal
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Elliot Goldenthal is an American composer of film scores and contemporary classical music. He was a student of Aaron Copland and John Corigliano, and is best known for his style and ability to blend various musical styles and techniques in original. He is also a composer, and won the Academy Award for Best Original Score in 2002 for his score to the motion picture Frida. Both pairs of Goldenthals grandparents emigrated to the United States from Bucharest and Iași, Goldenthal lived in a multi-cultural part of town, and this is reflected in his works. Goldenthal has written works for concert hall, theater, dance, incidentally he also had a small part in the stage show Juan Darièn as a Circus Barker / Streetsinger. The Tony-Award-winning Juan Darién, A Carnival Mass and The Green Bird, in 2006, Goldenthal completed his original three-act opera with Taymor entitled Grendel an adaptation of the John Gardner novel which told the story of Beowulf from the monsters point of view. In 2008 Goldenthal reunited with Michael Mann to score 1930s gangster movie Public Enemies and in 2009 he scored another Julie Taymor Shakespeare adaptation and he has also collaborated four times with Irish director Neil Jordan, scoring movies like Interview with the Vampire and In Dreams. Elliot Goldenthal has been called the thinking mans composer by film-music collectors and he is known for his experimentation, nuances and willingness to try unconventional techniques. He has scored films in almost every genre from horror to action to Shakespeare adaptations and he has not yet scored comedy, but he has composed comedic motifs for several films such as Demolition Man and the Batman series. His eclectic output has gained him a deal of respect in the music and film communities. He is widely appreciated for his abilities and distinctive style. His action music is brutal and atonal, sometimes, in underscore, he uses very fast French horn passages with bending tones and whining. Goldenthal has said that he doesnt hear atonal and tonal, rather, according to Martinez, a lot of composers want to focus on writing their music, and thats what team allows Elliot to do. Once, when studying trumpet, Elliot had asked him to buzz into the end of the mouthpiece. He thought he was crazy but, looking back after a decade or so of Goldenthals film and concert music, he was just way ahead of the rest of us, he said. 1974 - Three Pieces for Piano 1977 - Requiem Mass 1979 - Sonata for Double Bass and Piano 1980 - Brass Quintet No
15.
Stephen Goldblatt
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Goldblatt was born on April 29,1945 in Johannesburg, South Africa. When he was seven years old, he and his moved to London. Goldblatt attended Guildford School of Art for photography, but later discovered his interest in film while working on an assignment for Lions Films at Shepperton Studios. It was this interest that motivated him to attend Londons Royal College of Art Film School, upon graduation, he went to work shooting documentaries and animation, much of it in 16mm. Among his assignments were two Disappearing World episodes for Granada TV, Goldblatt began his career as a cameraman for documentaries and commercials. From 1972-75, he worked shooting TV commercials for such as Hugh Hudson, Alan Parker, Ridley Scott. In the 1990s, Goldblatt joined the Batman series with director Joel Schumacher and shot Batman Forever and Batman, in the late 1990s, during a “film sabbatical” and after many years of only taking snapshots, Goldblatt built a darkroom and began to photograph his life and surroundings again. Stephen Goldblatt now lives in Berkeley, California and has three grown children, when he is at home, Goldblatt enjoys tending to his pond and koi fish, gardening, playing his guitar, cooking, reading everyday, and mastering the art of husbanding with his wife Deborah. The Beatles wanted some fresh publicity photos shot by an unknown photographer, one of Goldblatts shots became a two-page spread in Life magazine, and a few others were used as album art on Beatles compilations. Two Academy Award nominations, one for Barbra Streisands The Prince of Tides, three Primetime Emmy Awards nominations for outstanding cinematography for a miniseries or movie, which include Conspiracy, Path to War, and Angels in America. Two Camerimage nominations, in 2007 winning the Lifetime Achievement Award, one Hollywood Film Award in 2007 for Cinematographer of the Year. Stephen Goldblatt at the Internet Movie Database
16.
Warner Bros.
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Entertainment Inc. – colloquially known as Warner Bros. or Warner Bros. It is one of the Big Six major American film studios, Warner Bros. is a member of the Motion Picture Association of America. The companys name originated from the four founding Warner brothers, Harry, Albert, Sam, Jack, the youngest, was born in London, Ontario. The three elder brothers began in the theater business, having acquired a movie projector with which they showed films in the mining towns of Pennsylvania. In the beginning, Sam and Albert Warner invested $150 to present Life of an American Fireman and they opened their first theater, the Cascade, in New Castle, Pennsylvania, in 1903. When the original building was in danger of being demolished, the modern Warner Bros. called the current building owners, the owners noted people across the country had asked them to protect it for its historical significance. In 1904, the Warners founded the Pittsburgh-based Duquesne Amusement & Supply Company, in 1912, Harry Warner hired an auditor named Paul Ashley Chase. By the time of World War I they had begun producing films, in 1918 they opened the first Warner Bros. studio on Sunset Boulevard in Hollywood. Sam and Jack produced the pictures, while Harry and Albert, along with their auditor and now controller Chase, handled finance and distribution in New York City. During World War I their first nationally syndicated film, My Four Years in Germany, on April 4,1923, with help from money loaned to Harry by his banker Motley Flint, they formally incorporated as Warner Brothers Pictures, Incorporated. The first important deal was the acquisition of the rights to Avery Hopwoods 1919 Broadway play, The Gold Diggers, however, Rin Tin Tin, a dog brought from France after World War I by an American soldier, established their reputation. Rin Tin Tin debuted in the feature Where the North Begins, the movie was so successful that Jack signed the dog to star in more films for $1,000 per week. Rin Tin Tin became the top star. Jack nicknamed him The Mortgage Lifter and the success boosted Darryl F. Zanucks career, Zanuck eventually became a top producer and between 1928 and 1933 served as Jacks right-hand man and executive producer, with responsibilities including day-to-day film production. More success came after Ernst Lubitsch was hired as head director, lubitschs film The Marriage Circle was the studios most successful film of 1924, and was on The New York Times best list for that year. Despite the success of Rin Tin Tin and Lubitsch, Warners remained a lesser studio, Sam and Jack decided to offer Broadway actor John Barrymore the lead role in Beau Brummel. The film was so successful that Harry signed Barrymore to a contract, like The Marriage Circle. By the end of 1924, Warner Bros. was arguably Hollywoods most successful independent studio, as the studio prospered, it gained backing from Wall Street, and in 1924 Goldman Sachs arranged a major loan
17.
Los Angeles
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Los Angeles, officially the City of Los Angeles and often known by its initials L. A. is the cultural, financial, and commercial center of Southern California. With a census-estimated 2015 population of 3,971,883, it is the second-most populous city in the United States, Los Angeles is also the seat of Los Angeles County, the most populated county in the United States. The citys inhabitants are referred to as Angelenos, historically home to the Chumash and Tongva, Los Angeles was claimed by Juan Rodríguez Cabrillo for Spain in 1542 along with the rest of what would become Alta California. The city was founded on September 4,1781, by Spanish governor Felipe de Neve. It became a part of Mexico in 1821 following the Mexican War of Independence, in 1848, at the end of the Mexican–American War, Los Angeles and the rest of California were purchased as part of the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, thereby becoming part of the United States. Los Angeles was incorporated as a municipality on April 4,1850, the discovery of oil in the 1890s brought rapid growth to the city. The completion of the Los Angeles Aqueduct in 1913, delivering water from Eastern California, nicknamed the City of Angels, Los Angeles is known for its Mediterranean climate, ethnic diversity, and sprawling metropolis. Los Angeles also has an economy in culture, media, fashion, science, sports, technology, education, medicine. A global city, it has been ranked 6th in the Global Cities Index, the city is home to renowned institutions covering a broad range of professional and cultural fields, and is one of the most substantial economic engines within the United States. The Los Angeles combined statistical area has a gross metropolitan product of $831 billion, making it the third-largest in the world, after the Greater Tokyo and New York metropolitan areas. The city has hosted the Summer Olympic Games in 1932 and 1984 and is bidding to host the 2024 Summer Olympics and thus become the second city after London to have hosted the Games three times. The Los Angeles area also hosted the 1994 FIFA mens World Cup final match as well as the 1999 FIFA womens World Cup final match, the mens event was watched on television by over 700 million people worldwide. The Los Angeles coastal area was first settled by the Tongva, a Gabrielino settlement in the area was called iyáangẚ, meaning poison oak place. Gaspar de Portolà and Franciscan missionary Juan Crespí, reached the present site of Los Angeles on August 2,1769, in 1771, Franciscan friar Junípero Serra directed the building of the Mission San Gabriel Arcángel, the first mission in the area. The Queen of the Angels is an honorific of the Virgin Mary, two-thirds of the settlers were mestizo or mulatto with a mixture of African, indigenous and European ancestry. The settlement remained a small town for decades, but by 1820. Today, the pueblo is commemorated in the district of Los Angeles Pueblo Plaza and Olvera Street. New Spain achieved its independence from the Spanish Empire in 1821, during Mexican rule, Governor Pío Pico made Los Angeles Alta Californias regional capital
18.
Superhero film
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Most superhero movies are based on superhero comics. Almost immediately after superheroes rose to prominence in comic books, they were adapted into Saturday film serials aimed at children, serials such as Adventures of Captain Marvel, Batman, The Phantom, Captain America, and Superman followed. Another early superhero film was Ōgon Bat, a Japanese film starring Sonny Chiba based on the 1930 Kamishibai superhero Ōgon Bat, other successful entries emerged throughout the 1980s, from Richard Lesters Superman II and Paul Verhoevens Robocop to Tim Burtons Batman. Marvel Comics Captain America did not have a release and Roger Cormans The Fantastic Four was released neither theatrically nor on home video. Alex Proyas The Crow became the first independent comics superhero film that established a franchise, the success of The Crow catalyzed the release of a film version of Spawn, Image Comics leading character. The success of the darker Image Comics characters shifted the direction of comic book movies, Marvel soon released their films to become franchises, Men in Black and Blade. After Marvel bought Malibu Comics, Marvel and Columbia Pictures released the Men in Black film, the film became the first Marvel property to win an Oscar and the then highest-grossing comic book adaptation until the release of Sam Raimi’s Spider-Man in 2002. Blade was also a mix of a traditional action film as well as darker superhero film with the title character having superpowers as well as carrying an arsenal of weaponry. The success of Blade began Marvels film success, and set the stage for further comic film adaptations. The success of the X-Men TV series had made 20th Century Fox license the rights in 1994. After the success of Men in Black in 1997, Columbia Pictures licensed the rights of Spider-Man in 1999. 20th Century Foxs X-Men became a franchise by its surprise hit. Later, one of the largest blockbusters of all time was released with Sam Raimis Spider-Man. One, Krrish 3, several non-action film oriented superhero films were released in the 2000s with varying ranges of success. Brad Birds The Incredibles for Pixar was a critically acclaimed digitally-animated family oriented superhero film, other hybrids include Sky High and Zoom which were fusions of the superhero and family film genres, My Super Ex-Girlfriend a combination of superhero film and a romantic comedy. Some series from the current and previous decades were also re-released, such as Superman II, bryan Singers Superman Returns is unique due to the fact that it is a sequel to the first two Superman films, yet also a reboot to the third and fourth films. The 2010s has generally continued the success of superhero films seen in the previous decade. In 2010, Matthew Vaughns adaption of Kick-Ass was released, followed by Iron Man 2 a month later,2011 releases included The Green Hornet, Green Lantern, and X-Men, First Class. Following references to the Avengers Initiative in the Iron Man films and The Incredible Hulk, Marvel released Thor on May 6,2011, followed by Captain America, the Avengers broke the box office record as the highest-grossing superhero film of all time
19.
Batman
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Batman is a fictional superhero appearing in American comic books published by DC Comics. The character was created by artist Bob Kane and writer Bill Finger, originally named the Bat-Man, the character is also referred to by such epithets as the Caped Crusader, the Dark Knight, and the Worlds Greatest Detective. Batmans secret identity is Bruce Wayne, a wealthy American playboy, philanthropist, after witnessing the murder of his parents Thomas Wayne and Martha Wayne as a child, he swore vengeance against criminals, an oath tempered by a sense of justice. Wayne trains himself physically and intellectually and crafts a bat-inspired persona to fight crime, Batman operates in the fictional Gotham City, with assistance from various supporting characters, including his butler Alfred, police commissioner Gordon, and vigilante allies such as Robin. A large assortment of villains make up Batmans rogues gallery, including his archenemy, Batman became popular soon after his introduction in 1939 and gained his own comic book title, Batman, the following year. As the decades went on, differing interpretations of the character emerged, the late 1960s Batman television series used a camp aesthetic, which continued to be associated with the character for years after the show ended. Various creators worked to return the character to his dark roots, the success of Warner Bros. live-action Batman feature films have helped maintain the publics interest in the character. The character has also intrigued psychiatrists, with trying to understand the characters psyche. In 2015, FanSided ranked Batman as number one on their list of 50 Greatest Super Heroes In Comic Book History. Kevin Conroy, Bruce Greenwood, Peter Weller, Anthony Ruivivar, Jason OMara, Batman has been portrayed in both film and television by Lewis Wilson, Robert Lowery, Adam West, Michael Keaton, Val Kilmer, George Clooney, Christian Bale, and Ben Affleck. In early 1939, the success of Superman in Action Comics prompted editors at National Comics Publications to request more superheroes for its titles, in response, Bob Kane created the Bat-Man. Collaborator Bill Finger recalled that Kane had an idea for a character called Batman, I went over to Kanes, and he had drawn a character who looked very much like Superman with kind of. Reddish tights, I believe, with boots, with a small domino mask, swinging on a rope. He had two wings that were sticking out, looking like bat wings. And under it was a big sign, the bat-wing-like cape was suggested by Bob Kane, inspired by Leonardo Da Vincis sketch of an ornithopter flying device as a child. Finger suggested giving the character a cowl instead of a domino mask, a cape instead of wings. Finger said he devised the name Bruce Wayne for the secret identity, Bruce Waynes first name came from Robert Bruce. Wayne, being a playboy, was a man of gentry, I searched for a name that would suggest colonialism
20.
Dick Grayson
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Richard John Dick Grayson is a fictional superhero appearing in American comic books published by DC Comics, commonly in association with Batman. Created by Bob Kane and Bill Finger and illustrator Jerry Robinson, in Tales of the Teen Titans #44 the character retires his role as Robin and assumes the superhero persona of Nightwing, created by Marv Wolfman and artist George Pérez. The youngest in a family of known as the Flying Graysons. Batman takes him in as a ward and the crime-fighting partner Robin. He is written by authors as the first son of Batman. As well as being Batmans crime-fighting partner, Dick establishes himself as the leader of the Teen Titans, as a young man, he retires as Robin and takes on his own superhero identity to assert his independence, becoming Nightwing. As Nightwing, he continues to lead the Teen Titans and later the Outsiders, in the first volume of his eponymous series, he becomes the protector of Blüdhaven, Gothams economically troubled neighboring city, the locale the character is most closely associated with. He has also served stints protecting the streets of New York, Chicago, Dick Grayson has taken on the identity of Batman on a few occasions. Dick again assumes the following the events of Batman R. I. P. As Batman, Dick moves to Gotham City following his mentors apparent death and partners with the fifth Robin, on Bruces return, both men maintained the Batman identity until 2011, when Dick returned to the Nightwing identity with DCs The New 52 continuity reboot. Following the conclusion of the Grayson series, and the restoration of his identity in the series final issue. Loren Lester voiced the character as Robin in Batman, The Animated Series, in May 2011, IGN ranked Dick Grayson #11 on their list of the Top 100 Super Heroes of All Time. In 2013, ComicsAlliance ranked Grayson as Nightwing as #1 on their list of the 50 Sexiest Male Characters in Comics, the character was first introduced in Detective Comics #38 by Batman creators Bill Finger and Bob Kane. Robins debut was an effort to get readers to enjoy Batman. He was born on the first day of spring, son of John Grayson and Mary Grayson, in his first appearance, Dick Grayson is a circus acrobat, and, with his parents, one of the Flying Graysons. While preparing for a performance, Dick overhears two gangsters attempting to extort money from the circus owner. The owner refuses, so the gangsters sabotage the trapeze wires with acid, during the next performance, the trapeze from which Dicks parents are swinging snaps, sending them to their deaths. Before he can go to the police, Batman appears to him, when Batman recounts the murder of his own parents, Dick asks to become his aide
21.
Batman in film
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The fictional superhero Batman, who appears in American comic books published by DC Comics, has appeared in various films since his inception. Created by Bob Kane and Bill Finger, the character first starred in two films in the 1940s, Batman and Batman and Robin. The character also appeared in the 1966 film Batman, which was a film adaptation of the 1960s Batman TV series starring Adam West and Burt Ward. Toward the end of the 1980s, the Warner Bros. studio began producing a series of films starring Batman, beginning with the 1989 film Batman, directed by Tim Burton. Burton and Keaton returned for the 1992 sequel Batman Returns, and in 1995, Schumacher also directed the 1997 sequel Batman & Robin, which starred George Clooney. Batman & Robin was poorly received by critics and fans, leading to the cancellation of Batman Unchained. Nolan returned to two further installments in the trilogy, The Dark Knight in 2008 and The Dark Knight Rises in 2012 with Bale reprising his role in both films. The two sequels both earned over $1 billion worldwide, making Batman the second franchise to have two of its films earn more than $1 billion worldwide. Batman has also appeared in animated films, both as a starring character and as an ensemble character. While most animated films were released direct-to-video, the 1993 animated feature Batman, Mask of the Phantasm, based on the 1990s Batman, The Animated Series, was released theatrically. Having earned a total of U. S. $1,900,844,295, Batman was a 15-chapter serial film released in 1943 by Columbia Pictures. The serial starred Lewis Wilson as Batman and Douglas Croft as Robin, J. Carrol Naish played the villain, an original character named Dr. Daka. Rounding out the cast were Shirley Patterson as Linda Page, the plot is based on Batman, a US government agent, attempting to defeat the Japanese agent Dr. Daka, at the height of World War II. The film is notable for being the first filmed appearance of Batman, the film introduced The Bats Cave and the Grandfather clock entrance. The name was altered to the Batcave for the comic, William Austin, who played Alfred, had a trim physique and sported a thin mustache, while the contemporary comic book version of Alfred was overweight and clean-shaven prior to the serials release. The comics version of Alfred was altered to match that of Austins, Batman and Robin was another 15-chapter serial film released in 1949 by Columbia Pictures. Robert Lowery played Batman, while Johnny Duncan played Robin, Supporting players included Jane Adams as Vicki Vale and veteran character actor Lyle Talbot as Commissioner Gordon. The plot dealt with the Dynamic Duo facing off against the Wizard, Batman is a 1966 film adaptation of the popular Batman television series, and was the first full-length theatrical adaptation of the DC Comics character
22.
Mr. Freeze
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Mr. Freeze is a fictional supervillain appearing in American comic books published by DC Comics, commonly as an adversary of the superhero Batman. Created by Bob Kane, David Wood, and Sheldon Moldoff, the character first appeared in Batman #121, Mr. Freeze is one of Batmans most enduring enemies and belongs to the collective of adversaries that make up Batmans rogues gallery. The disaster lowered his body temperature to the point that he must wear a suit in order to survive. Mr. IGNs list of the Top 100 Comic Book Villains of All Time List ranked Mr. Freeze as #67, originally called Mr. Zero, he was renamed and popularized by the 1960s Batman television series, in which he was played by several actors. Nearly 30 years later, a adaptation of Batman revitalized him once again. Batman, The Animated Series retold Mr. Freezes origin in Heart of Ice, the episode introduced his terminally ill, cryogenically frozen wife Nora, which explained his obsession with ice and need to build a criminal empire to raise research funds. Freeze was resurrected in the comic after the episode aired, the episode was seen as groundbreaking for a Saturday morning cartoon and helped set the tone for the rest of the series. This back story was made canon in the comics and has been the characters official origin in almost every incarnation of Batman until New 52. Elements of this story were incorporated into the 1997 film Batman & Robin, in which he was portrayed by Arnold Schwarzenegger. From the time of his first appearance in 1959 onwards, Mr. Freeze was portrayed as one of many joke villains cast as stock enemies of Batman. Originally called Mr. Zero, the producers of the 1960s Batman television series renamed him Mr. Freeze, the three actors who portrayed Mr Freeze were George Sanders, Otto Preminger, and Eli Wallach. Post-Crisis, Freeze was revamped using a similar backstory to the one created by Paul Dini for Batman, Dr. Victor Fries, Ph. D. was a brilliant cryogenicist. As a child, he was fascinated with cryonics, so he began his hobby of freezing animals and his parents, horrified by his fascination, sent him to a strict boarding school, where he was miserable and felt detached from humanity. In college, he met a woman named Nora, whom he fell in love with, a year and a half after Bruce Wayne becomes Batman, Nora contracts a fatal illness, while Fries works on a freeze ray for GothCorp. Fries boss Ferris Boyle decides to tell the mob about the gun, Fries decides to use the device on Nora, to put her in cryo-stasis. His boss interrupts and tampers with the experiment, however, resulting in an explosion that kills Nora, Fries survives, but the chemicals in the freeze ray lower his body temperature to the point that he must wear a cryogenic suit in order to survive. He swears revenge on those responsible for the death of his wife, and becomes Mr. Freeze, Batmans operatives find Freeze, who shoots one of them with his freeze gun. Freezes crimes tend to involve freezing everyone and everything he runs into so he never forges alliances with the criminals in Gotham
23.
Poison Ivy (character)
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Poison Ivy is a fictional supervillain appearing in American comic books published by DC Comics, commonly as an adversary of the superhero Batman. Created by Robert Kanigher and Sheldon Moldoff, the character made her first appearance in Batman #181, Poison Ivy is one of Batmans most enduring enemies and belongs to the collective of adversaries that make up Batmans rogues gallery. Poison Ivy is depicted as one of the worlds most notorious eco-terrorists and her real name is Pamela Isley, a botanist in Gotham City, who is obsessed with plants, ecological extinction, and environmentalism. Poison Ivy uses toxins from plants and mind-controlling pheromones for her activities, which are usually aimed at protecting endangered species. Fellow villain Harley Quinn is often her recurring partner-in-crime, and Poison Ivy has been a romantic interest of Batman in comic book storylines, in Poison Ivys earliest appearances, she wore a green one-piece outfit covered with plant leaves. Leaves also formed her bracelets, necklace, and head wreath, the characters look has evolved over the years, and she is typically depicted with long, flowing hair, plant vines extending over her neck or limbs, and a green one-piece outfit adorned with leaves. The character was portrayed by Uma Thurman in Batman & Robin and she is voiced by Riki Lindhome in The Lego Batman Movie. IGNs list of the Top 100 Comic Book Villains of All Time ranked Poison Ivy as #64 and she was ranked 21st in Comics Buyers Guides 100 Sexiest Women in Comics list. Poison Ivy was created by Robert Kanigher and Sheldon Moldoff, Robert Kanigher originally modeled Poison Ivy after Bettie Page, giving her the same haircut and look. Following the characters appearance, Poison Ivy continued to appear in the various Batman comic book series and had a major role in the Black Orchid mini-series. The character did not have an origin in her first appearances during the 1960s, an origin story was later retconned for her. The character is depicted with long, flowing hair, plant vines extending over her neck or limbs. Dr. Lillian Rose, Ph. D. a promising botanist from Seattle, is persuaded by Marc LeGrande into assisting him with the theft of an Egyptian artifact containing ancient herbs. Fearing she would implicate him in the theft, he attempts to poison her with the herbs and she survives this murder attempt and discovers she has acquired an immunity to all natural toxins and diseases. Poison Ivys real name is Dr. Pamela Lillian Isley, PhD and she grows up wealthy with emotionally distant parents and later studies advanced botanical biochemistry at a university with Alec Holland under Dr. Jason Woodrue. Isley, a shy girl, is easily seduced by her professor. Woodrue injects Isley with poisons and toxins as an experiment, causing her transformation and she nearly dies twice as a result of these poisonings, driving her insane. Later, Woodrue flees from the authorities leaving Isley in the hospital for six months, enraged at the betrayal, she suffers from violent mood swings, being sweet one moment and evil the next
24.
Batgirl
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Batgirl is the name of several fictional superheroes appearing in American comic books published by DC Comics, depicted as female counterparts to the superhero Batman. As Batgirl, she operates in Gotham City, allying herself with Batman, Batgirl makes regular appearances in Detective Comics, Batman Family and several other books produced by DC until 1988. That year, she appears in Barbara Kesels Batgirl Special #1 and she subsequently appears in Alan Moores graphic novel Batman, The Killing Joke where, in her civilian identity, she is shot by the Joker and left paraplegic. In 2000, she became the first Batgirl to star in an monthly comic book series. The series was canceled in 2006, at point during the company-wide storyline One Year Later, she is established as a villain. After receiving harsh feedback from readership, she is restored to her original conception. However, the character Stephanie Brown, originally known as Spoiler and later Robin, Stephanie Brown became the featured character of the Batgirl series written by Bryan Q. Miller from 2009 to 2011. DC subsequently relaunched all their monthly publications during The New 52 reboot, in the revised continuity, Barbara Gordon recovers from her paralysis following a surgical procedure and stars in the relaunched Batgirl series written by Gail Simone as the title character. As Batgirl, Barbara Gordon has been adapted into various media relating to the Batman franchise, including television, film, animation, video games, and other merchandise. This factored into the decision to return her to the comic role, as Dan DiDio, co-publisher of DC Comics. In 1961 DC Comics introduced a female character as a love-interest for Robin. Betty Kane as Bat-Girl arrived as the niece of and Robin-like sidekick to Batwoman, DC Comics abandoned these characters in 1964 when newly appointed Batman-editor Julius Schwartz judged them too silly and therefore inappropriate. Bat-Girl, along with characters in the Batman Family, were retconned out of existence following the 1985 limited series Crisis on Infinite Earths. Schwartz stated that he had asked to develop a new female character in order to attract a female viewership to the Batman television series of the 1960s. Executive producer William Dozier suggested that the new character would be the daughter of Gotham Citys Police Commissioner James Gordon, and that she would adopt the identity of Batgirl. Infantino reflected on the creation of Batgirl, stating Bob Kane had had a Bat-Girl for about three stories in the ’50s but she had nothing to do with a bat and she was like a pesky girl version of Robin. I knew we could do a lot better, so Julie and I came up with the real Batgirl, yvonne Craig portrayed the character in the shows third season. Barbara Gordon and alter ego Batgirl debuted in Detective Comics #359, although Batman insists she give up crime-fighting because of her gender, Batgirl disregards his objections
25.
Batman Forever
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Batman Forever is a 1995 American superhero film directed by Joel Schumacher and produced by Tim Burton, based on the DC Comics character Batman. It is the installment of the initial Batman film series. The film stars Chris ODonnell, Nicole Kidman, Tommy Lee Jones and he gains allegiance from a love interest—psychiatrist Dr. Chase Meridian and a young, orphaned circus acrobat named Dick Grayson, who becomes his sidekick Robin. Schumacher eschewed the dark, dystopian atmosphere of Burtons films by drawing inspiration from the Batman comic book of the Dick Sprang era, Keaton chose not to reprise the role due to Burton stepping down as director. William Baldwin and Ethan Hawke were initially considered for Keatons replacement before Kilmer joined the cast, the film was released on June 16,1995, receiving mixed reviews, but was a financial success. Batman Forever grossed over $336 million worldwide and became the film worldwide of 1995. Edward Nygma, a researcher at Wayne Enterprises who idolizes Bruce Wayne, has developed a device that can beam television into a persons brain, Bruce offers to let Nygma come up with schematics for the device and set up a meeting with his assistant. However, after Nygma demands an answer from him immediately, Bruce rejects the invention, after killing his supervisor Fred Stickley, Nygma resigns and seeks retaliation against Bruce for rejecting his invention and begins to send him riddles. A news report reveals how Harvey Dent became Two-Face, when he was prosecuting a mob boss named Sal Maroni, Maroni threw acid on Dents face, Batman tried to save him, but failed. After the incident, Dent seeks to kill Batman for failing to save him, Bruce meets Chase Meridian, a psychiatrist who is obsessed with Batman, and invites her to come with him to a circus event. After a performance from the performers, The Flying Graysons, Two-Face arrives and threatens to blow up the circus unless Batman comes forward. The Flying Graysons attempt to stop Two-Face, but they get killed by as a result, however, Dick Grayson, the youngest member, survives as he climbs to the roof and throws Two-Faces bomb into a river. Bruce invites the orphaned Dick to stay at Wayne Manor, Dick, still troubled by the murder of his family, intends to kill Two-Face and avenge his family. When he discovers that Bruce is Batman, he demands that Bruce help him find Two-Face so that he can kill him, meanwhile, Nygma turns himself into a criminal called the Riddler and forms an alliance with Two-Face. The two steal capital in order to mass-produce Nygmas brainwave device, at Nygmas business party, Nygma discovers Bruces alter ego using the brainwave device. Two-Face arrives and crashes the party and he nearly kills Batman, but Dick manages to save him. Meanwhile, Chase has fallen in love with Bruce, which surpasses her obsession with Batman, but she discovers that they are one. Bruce decides to stop being Batman in order to have a life with Chase
26.
A Time to Kill (1996 film)
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A Time to Kill is a 1996 American crime drama film adaptation of John Grishams 1989 novel of the same name, directed by Joel Schumacher. Sandra Bullock, Samuel L. Jackson, Matthew McConaughey, and Kevin Spacey star, with Oliver Platt, Ashley Judd, Kiefer and Donald Sutherland, and Patrick McGoohan appearing in supporting roles. Set in Canton, Mississippi, the film involves the rape of a girl, the arrest of the rapists, their subsequent murder by the girls father. The film was a critical and commercial success, making $152 million at the box office. In Canton, Mississippi, two white supremacists, Billy Ray Cobb and Pete Willard, kidnap a ten-year-old African-American girl named Tonya. They violently rape and beat her and dump her in a river after a failed attempt to hang her, she survives. Tonyas father, Carl Lee Hailey, contacts Jake Brigance, a white lawyer, Brigance admits the possibility that the rapists will walk free. Carl Lee goes to the county courthouse and opens fire with an automatic rifle, Brigance agrees to defend Carl Lee. The rape and subsequent revenge killing gain national media attention, the district attorney, Rufus Buckley, decides to seek the death penalty, and presiding Judge Omar Noose denies Brigance a change of venue. Brigance seeks help from his team, law student Ellen Roark, close friend Harry Rex Vonner, and former mentor and longtime activist Lucien Wilbanks. The Ku Klux Klan begins to organize in the area, klansman Freddie Lee Cobb—Billy Rays brother—targets Brigance, burning a cross on his lawn and threatening his wife and daughter. When Brigance refuses to back down, Cobb kidnaps and assaults Roark, the presiding judge refuses Brigances request for a change of venue to a more ethnically diverse county, meaning that Carl Lee will have an all-white jury. Dispirited, Brigance tells Carl Lee that there is hope for an acquittal. Carl Lee replies that he had him as an attorney because even a racist jury would listen to a white man, as one of the bad guys. During closing arguments, a deeply shaken Brigance tells the jury to close their eyes and he describes, in slow and painful detail, the rape of a 10-year-old girl, recalling the story of Tonyas rape. He then asks the jury, in his comment, to now imagine shes white. After deliberation, a black child out of the courthouse and screams. Jubilation ensues amongst the supporters outside, the Klan, enraged, begins yelling in anger
27.
Val Kilmer
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Val Edward Kilmer is an American actor. Originally a stage actor, Kilmer became popular in the mid-1980s after a string of appearances in comedy films, then the cult classic Real Genius, as well as the military action film Top Gun and the fantasy film Willow. Kilmer was born December 31,1959, in Los Angeles, the son of Gladys Swanette and Eugene Dorris Kilmer and his parents divorced in 1968 when he was 8 years old. In 1977 Kilmers younger brother Wesley drowned in a pool at age 15. Kilmers grandfather was a miner in New Mexico, near the border with Arizona. His mother was of Swedish descent and his fathers ancestry included English, Scots-Irish, French and German. Kilmer attended Berkeley Hall School, a Christian Science school in Los Angeles and he attended Chatsworth High School with Kevin Spacey and Mare Winningham, and also attended the Hollywood Professional School. He became the youngest person at the time to be accepted into the Juilliard Schools Drama Division, on May 5,2012, Kilmer was awarded an honorary doctorate of Fine Arts from William Woods University. In 1981, while at Juilliard, Kilmer co-authored and starred in the play How It All Began, Kilmer turned down a role in Francis Ford Coppolas 1983 film The Outsiders, as he had prior theatre commitments. In 1983 he appeared off Broadway in The Slab Boys with Kevin Bacon, also in 1983, Kilmer self-published a collection of his own poetry entitled My Edens After Burns, that included poems inspired by his time with Pfeiffer. The book of poems is difficult to obtain, and expensive, even second-hand copies fetch $300 and his big break came when he received top billing in the comedy spoof of spy movies Top Secret. Where he played an American rock and roll star, Kilmer sang all the songs in the film and released an album under the film characters name, Nick Rivers. While garnering more substantial roles and prestige, he gained a reputation as a ladies man, dating numerous women, some many years older, including Cher. During a brief hiatus, he backpacked throughout Europe before going on to play the character in the 1985 comedy Real Genius. He turned down a role in David Lynchs Blue Velvet before being cast as naval aviator Iceman in the action film Top Gun alongside Tom Cruise, Top Gun grossed a total of $344,700,000 worldwide and made Kilmer a major star. Kilmer starred in the Colorado Shakespeare Festival production of Hamlet]] in 1988, in 1989, Kilmer played the lead in both Kill Me Again, again opposite Whalley, and in TNTs Billy the Kid. After several delays, director Oliver Stone finally started production on the film The Doors, Kilmer spoke with Oliver Stone early on, concerned about what he might want to do with the story because Kilmer didnt believe in or want to promote substance abuse. Kilmer saw Morrison as having picked the wrong heroes, who had different issues, Kilmer saw Morrisons story as one that could be told a thousand different ways and didnt want to tell it by playing the role in the style of drugs, with which Oliver Stone agreed
28.
The Saint (1997 film)
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The film was a financial success with a worldwide box office of $169.4 million, rentals of $28.2 million, and continuous DVD sales. It is loosely based on the character of Simon Templar created by Leslie Charteris in 1928 for a series of books published as The Saint, which ran until 1983. At the Saint Ignatius Orphanage, a boy named John Rossi refers to himself as Simon Templar. Just as Simon is caught by the head priest, he witnesses the death of a girl he had taken a liking to when she accidentally falls from a balcony. As an adult, Simon —now a professional thief dubbed The Saint for using the names of Catholic saints as aliases—steals a valuable microchip belonging to a Russian oil company, Simon stages the burglary during a political rally held for the companys owner, Ivan Tretiak. Tretiak is a former Communist party boss and a billionaire oil, Simon is caught in the act by Tretiaks son Ilya but escapes with the microchip. After learning of the heist, Tretiak contacts Simon and hires him to steal a cold fusion formula discovered by American electrochemist Emma Russell. He wishes to acquire Emmas formula—which creates clean, inexpensive energy—so he can monopolize the market during a severe oil shortage in Russia. Using the alias Thomas More, Simon poses as a South African traveller, Tretiak learns Emmas formula is incomplete and orders his henchmen, led by Ilya, to kill Simon and kidnap Emma in order to obtain the remaining information. Heartbroken, Emma reports the theft to Inspector Teal and Inspector Rabineau of Scotland Yard, Emma tracks down Simon to a hotel in Moscow and confronts him about the theft and his betrayal. The Russian police, loyal to Tretiak, arrest Simon and Emma, however, they manage to escape from the police van as they are being brought to Tretiaks mansion. As they flee through the suburbs, Simon and Emma are helped by a prostitute, later, they meet Frankie, a fence who sells them the directions through an underground sewer system that lead to the American embassy. Simon and Emma exit the tunnel only to find Ilya. Emma safely makes it to the embassy for political asylum, while Simon allows himself to be caught by Ilya as a distraction and he escapes after rigging a car bomb that severely burns Ilya. Tretiak then plans to use the political fallout to install himself as President, Emma finishes the equations to complete the formula, and Simon delivers the information to Tretiaks physicist, Dr. Lev Botkin, who builds an apparatus which proves the formula works. Simon infiltrates the Presidents Kremlin residence and informs him of Tretiaks conspiracy just before Tretiak loyalists detain him and he is also revealed to have caused the heating oil shortage in Moscow by illegally stockpiling vast amounts of heating oil underneath his mansion. Sometime later, at a conference at the University of Oxford. Simon attends the conference in disguise and once again avoids being captured by Inspectors Teal, as he drives away, he listens to a news radio broadcast reporting that $3 billion was recently donated to the Red Cross, Salvation Army and the United Nations Childrens Fund
29.
William Baldwin
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Baldwin appeared as lead detective Brian Albert in the Lifetime Original Movie The Craigslist Killer. In 2013, he joined the cast of BBC Americas Copper for two episodes of season 2, prior to the series being cancelled, Baldwin was born in Massapequa, New York, the son of Carol Newcomb and Alexander Rae Baldwin, Jr. His father was a high school history/social studies teacher and football coach and he is the brother of actors Alec, Daniel, and Stephen, sometimes collectively known as the Baldwin brothers, and of sisters Beth and Jane, all together known as the Baldwin family. Baldwin was raised in a Catholic family, and has English, Irish, Scottish, French-Canadian, a graduate of Alfred G. Berner High School and Binghamton University, where he was a varsity wrestler, he has a degree in political science. Before starting his career, Baldwin was a fashion model for Calvin Klein. His first starring role was in a TV movie as Robert Chambers, alongside Danny Aiello and Lara Flynn Boyle in The Preppie Murder, Baldwins first featured film is Internal Affairs, where he starred alongside Richard Gere and Andy García. He then starred in films like Flatliners with stars like Julia Roberts, Kiefer Sutherland. He portrayed Chicago firefighter Brian McCaffrey in Backdraft alongside Kurt Russell and his role in 1993 film Sliver along with Sharon Stone earned him the MTV Movie Award for Most Desirable Male. In 1998, he appeared in Warren Beattys film Bulworth as Constance Bulworths lover, in 1999, Baldwin teamed up with Jamie Lee Curtis and Donald Sutherland for the science fiction thriller Virus, and alongside Peter Gallagher in the Showtime original movie, Brotherhood of Murder. In 2001, Baldwin played a role in the television film Double Bang which aired on HBO. Since then, Baldwin has played in other such as Red Rover in 2003, Park, Feel and Lenexa,1 Mile in 2006, Adrift in Manhattan, A Plumm Summer, Noise. His 2004 film Art Heist received much attentions when its released on DVD, Baldwin has continued to act in films and on television, but has not taken many leading roles. He was well received in a role in the 2005 film The Squid. He also co-starred in ABCs Dirty Sexy Money as Donald Sutherlands oldest son, Patrick Darling IV, in 2008, he appeared in the comedy film Forgetting Sarah Marshall which stars Jason Segel and Kristen Bell, as Detective Hunter Rush. In February 2010, audiences got to hear his first time playing Batman in Justice League, Crisis on Two Earths, a loose adaptation of Grant Morrisons JLA, Earth 2 story. In 2010, Baldwin portrayed Dr. Willam van der Woodsen, father of Serena and Eric van der Woodsen, on the third, Baldwin was also featured with his brother Daniel in UniGlobe Entertainments breast cancer docu-drama,1 a Minute. Baldwin was cast in the season of Parenthood to play a boss. Baldwin joined Parenthood for an arc that aired in fall 2010 as Gordon Flint, the wealthy, charismatic boss of Adam
30.
Principal photography
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Principal photography is the phase of film production in which the movie is filmed, with actors on set and cameras rolling, as distinct from pre-production and post-production. Its start generally marks a point of no return for the financiers, feature films usually have insurance in place by the time principal photography begins. The death of a star before completing all planned takes. For example, sets are notoriously flammable, and most older studios feature water towers for that reason, furthermore, professional-quality movie cameras are normally rented as needed, and most camera houses will not allow rentals of their equipment without proof of insurance. Once a film concludes principal photography, it is said to have wrapped, in these circumstances, additional material may have to be shot. If the material has already been shot once, or is substantial, the process is referred to as a re-shoot, learning materials related to Filmmaking at Wikiversity Media related to Filmmaking at Wikimedia Commons
31.
Reboot (fiction)
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In serial fiction, to reboot means to discard all continuity in an established series in order to recreate its characters, timeline and backstory from the beginning. The term is used with respect to different forms of fictional media such as comic books, television series, video games. The term is thought to originate from the term for restarting a computer system. Reboots remove any non-essential elements associated with a franchise by starting the franchises continuity over, for audiences, reboots allow easier entry for newcomers unfamiliar with earlier titles in a series. With reboots, filmmakers revamp and reinvigorate a film series in order to new fans. A reboot can renew interest in a series that has grown stale, reboots also allow directors and producers to cast a new set of younger actors for the familiar roles of a film series in order to attract a younger audience. Unlike a remake, however, a reboot often presupposes a working familiarity on the part of the audience with the original work, reboots are common in the video game industry, particularly with franchises that have multiple entries in the series. Reboots in video games are used to refresh the storyline and elements of the game, comic books sometimes use an in-universe explanation for a reboot, such as merging parallel worlds and timelines together or destroying and recreating a fictional universe from the beginning. Artistic license Canon List of modernized adaptations of old works Prequel Reset button technique Retroactive continuity Sequel
32.
Batman Begins
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Comic book storylines such as The Man Who Falls, Batman, Year One, and Batman, The Long Halloween served as inspiration. The goal was to get the audience to care for both Batman and Bruce Wayne, the film, which was primarily shot in Iceland and Chicago, relied on traditional stunts and miniatures, while computer-generated imagery was used minimally. Batman Begins opened on June 15,2005, in the United States and it grossed over $48 million in its opening weekend in North America, eventually grossing over $374 million worldwide. The film received reviews and is considered by many to be one of the best superhero films of the 2000s. The film was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Cinematography and it is followed by The Dark Knight and The Dark Knight Rises in a continual story-arc, which has later been referred to as The Dark Knight Trilogy. The film is presented in a narrative, jumping between the present and past. This is a summary of the plot. As a child, Bruce Wayne falls down into a dry well and is attacked by a swarm of bats, while watching an opera with his parents, Thomas and Martha, Bruce becomes frightened by performers masquerading as bats and asks to leave. Outside, mugger Joe Chill murders Bruces parents in front of him, orphaned, Bruce is raised by the family butler, Alfred Pennyworth. Fourteen years later, Chill is freed in exchange for testifying against Gotham City mafia boss Carmine Falcone, Bruce intends to murder Chill, but one of Falcones assassins does so first. Bruces childhood friend, assistant district attorney Rachel Dawes, berates him for attempting to undermine the justice system, Bruce confronts Falcone, who tells him that real power comes from being feared. Bruce decides to travel the world and learn how to confront injustice, while serving a prison sentence for theft in Bhutan, he meets Henri Ducard, who trains him as a member of the League of Shadows, led by Ras al Ghul. After completing his training and purging his fears, Bruce learns that the League intends to destroy Gotham, believing it to be corrupt, Bruce rejects the Leagues cause and burns down their temple during his escape. Ras is killed by falling debris, while Bruce saves the unconscious Ducard, Bruce returns to Gotham intent on fighting crime. Inspired by his fear, he takes up the vigilante identity of the Batman. He takes an interest in his familys company, Wayne Enterprises, company archivist Lucius Fox allows Bruce access to prototype defense technologies including a protective bodysuit and a heavily armored car called the Tumbler. Bruce poses as a shallow playboy to allay suspicion, Batman intercepts a drug shipment, provides Rachel with evidence against Falcone, and enlists Sergeant James Gordon, one of the few honest cops left in Gotham, to arrest him. Crane puts on a mask and sprays Falcone with a fear-inducing hallucinogen that drives him insane
33.
The End Is the Beginning Is the End
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The End Is the Beginning Is the End is a Grammy Award-winning song by American alternative rock band The Smashing Pumpkins. It is the first full-band song released as a single by the Smashing Pumpkins in the aftermath of their 1995 album, Mellon Collie and the Infinite Sadness. It is their first release with drummer Matt Walker, who drummed on several tracks of Adore. The song won the Grammy Award for Best Hard Rock Performance Frontman Billy Corgan said of the song, At one point I found myself going, I cant write a song about Batman, Im in an alternative band. For me, it was a kind of artistic thing to do because it was very freeing. I wasnt talking about myself or trying to represent the Smashing Pumpkins, I was trying to represent Batman. He further commented that the lyrics were meant to represent the Batman of the 1940s. However, the guitars of The End Is the Beginning Is the End are relatively nowhere to be found on the bands next album. Despite its Grammy win and a promotion in conjunction with Batman & Robin. While it was received by American rock radio, the song found particularly strong chart success in other countries. The band performed the song several times around its release in 1997. Since the single and video were released under Warner Bros, records, the band was unable to use them for future releases, leaving them notably absent from their Greatest Hits DVD and CD releases. The music video was directed by Jonathan Dayton and Valerie Faris and it features the members of the Pumpkins in Batman-like costumes, floating in front of images from Batman & Robin. The video is notable for being one of two Smashing Pumpkins videos to have a different drummer besides Jimmy Chamberlin and is the only video with Matt Walker on the drums before his departure. The video was nominated at the MTV Video Music Award for Best Direction in a Video, Best Special Effects in a Video, Best Editing in a Video. The music video for this appears on the second disc of the Batman and Robin, Special Edition DVD. The single contained three other versions of the song, titled as different tracks, the Beginning Is The End Is The Beginning is a slower, less rock-oriented version with different lyrics for the verses, while the chorus is the same. This version appears on the Batman & Robin soundtrack as well, the Beginning Is the End Is the Beginning was used in a trailer for the 2009 superhero film Watchmen directed by Zack Snyder
34.
The Smashing Pumpkins
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The Smashing Pumpkins are an American alternative rock band from Chicago, Illinois, formed in 1988. Formed by frontman Billy Corgan and James Iha, the band included Darcy Wretzky and it has undergone many line-up changes over the course of its existence, with the current lineup being Corgan and rhythm guitarist Jeff Schroeder. The Smashing Pumpkins broke into the mainstream with their second album. The group built its audience with extensive touring and their 1995 follow-up, the double album Mellon Collie and the Infinite Sadness, with 20 million albums sold in the United States alone, The Smashing Pumpkins were one of the most commercially successful and critically acclaimed bands of the 1990s. However, internal fighting, drug use, and diminishing record sales led to a 2000 break-up, in 2006, Corgan and Chamberlin reconvened to record a new Smashing Pumpkins album, Zeitgeist. After touring throughout 2007 and 2008 with a lineup including new guitarist Jeff Schroeder, by mid-2016, Corgan stated that they were considering reforming the bands original lineup, though no concrete plans have been revealed. While working there, he met guitarist James Iha, adorning themselves with paisley and other psychedelic trappings, the two began writing songs together that were heavily influenced by The Cure and New Order. The duo performed live for the first time on July 9,1988 at the Polish bar Chicago 21 and this performance included only Corgan on bass and Iha on guitar with a drum machine. Shortly thereafter, Corgan met Darcy Wretzky after a show by the Dan Reed Network where they argued the merits of the band, after finding out Wretzky played bass guitar, Corgan recruited her into the lineup and the now-trio played a show at the Avalon Nightclub. After this show, Cabaret Metro owner Joe Shanahan agreed to book the band on the condition that they replace the machine with a live drummer. Jazz drummer Jimmy Chamberlin was recommended by a friend of Corgans, Chamberlin knew little of alternative music and immediately changed the sound of the nascent band. As Corgan recalled of the period, We were completely into the sad-rock and it took about two or three practices before I realized that the power in his playing was something that enabled us to rock harder than we could ever have imagined. On October 5,1988, the band took the stage for the first time at the Cabaret Metro. In 1989, The Smashing Pumpkins made their first appearance on record with the compilation album Light Into Dark, the group released its first single, I Am One, in 1990 on local Chicago label Limited Potential. The single sold out and they released a follow-up, Tristessa, on Sub Pop, the band recorded their 1991 debut studio album Gish with producer Butch Vig at his Smart Studios in Madison, Wisconsin for $20,000. In order to gain the consistency he desired, Corgan often played all instruments excluding drums, the music fused heavy metal guitars, psychedelia, and dream pop, garnering them comparisons to Janes Addiction. Gish became a success, with the single Rhinoceros receiving some airplay on modern rock radio. After releasing the Lull EP in October 1991 on Caroline Records, the band signed with Virgin Records
35.
Grammy Award for Best Hard Rock Performance
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The Grammy Award for Best Hard Rock Performance was an award presented to recording artists at the Grammy Awards until 2011. The Academy recognized hard rock artists for the first time at the 31st Grammy Awards. The category was presented as Best Hard Rock/Metal Performance Vocal or Instrumental. Jethro Tull won that award for the album Crest of a Knave, beating Metallica and this choice led to widespread criticism of the Academy, as journalists suggested that the music of Jethro Tull did not belong in the hard rock or heavy metal genres. In response, the Academy created the categories Best Hard Rock Performance and Best Metal Performance, the band Living Colour was presented the first award for Best Hard Rock Performance in 1990. From 1992 to 1994 the award was presented as the Grammy Award for Best Hard Rock Performance with Vocal, as of 2011, the bands Foo Fighters, Living Colour, and The Smashing Pumpkins share the record for the most wins, with two each. Alice in Chains holds the record for the most nominations without a win, the award was discontinued in 2012 due to a major overhaul of Grammy categories. After 2012, quality hard rock performances were shifted to the Best Hard Rock/Metal Performance category. According to the Recording Academy, It was determined that metal has a distinctive sound. ^ Each year is linked to the article about the Grammy Awards held that year, timeline of heavy metal music Official site of the Grammy Awards Rock on the Net – Grammy Awards, Best Hard Rock Performance
36.
Two-Face
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Two-Face is a fictional supervillain appearing in American comic books published by DC Comics, commonly as an adversary of the superhero Batman. The character was created by Bill Finger and Bob Kane and first appeared in Detective Comics #66, as one of Batmans most enduring enemies, Two-Face belongs to the collective of adversaries that make up his rogues gallery. Once an upstanding Gotham City district attorney, Harvey Dent was hideously scarred on the side of his face after a mob boss threw acidic chemicals at him during a court trial. He was subsequently driven insane and adopted the Two-Face persona, becoming a criminal obsessed with duality, in later years, writers have portrayed Two-Faces obsession with chance and fate as the result of schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and dissociative identity disorder. He obsessively makes all important decisions by flipping his former lucky charm, the modern version is established as having once been a personal friend and ally of James Gordon and Batman. Two-Face was ranked #12 on IGNs list of the Top 100 Comic Book Villains of All Time, in the Batman film series, Billy Dee Williams portrayed Harvey Dent in Batman, and Tommy Lee Jones portrayed Two-Face in Batman Forever. Nicholas DAgosto currently portrays Harvey Dent on the live-action TV series Gotham, Two-Face first appears in Detective Comics #66 with the name Harvey Apollo Kent, later stories changed his name to Harvey Dent to avoid an association with Superman. The character only made three appearances in the 1940s, and appeared twice in the 1950s. By this time, he was dropped in favor of more kid friendly villains, though he did appear in a 1968 issue, in 1971, writer Dennis ONeil brought Two-Face back, and it was then that he became one of Batmans arch-enemies. In his autobiography, Batman creator Bob Kane claims to have inspired by Robert Louis Stevensons Strange Case of Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde. Some inspiration was derived from the Pulp magazine character the Black Bat whose origin story included having acid splashed on his face. In the wake of Frank Millers 1986 revision of Batmans origin and it was also established, in Batman, Year One, that pre-accident Harvey Dent was one of Batmans earliest allies. He had clear ties to both Batman and Commissioner Gordon, making him an unsettling and personal foe for both men, Harvey Dents origin relates that he went through much hardship during his childhood. Growing up under the parentage of an abusive and mentally-ill father, Harvey Dent started developing repressed mental illnesses of his own, such as bipolar disorder and schizophrenia. His hard work ethic, however, later allowed him to rise as the youngest district attorney to serve Gotham City, nicknamed Apollo for his looks and clean-cut image. He is elected about six months before Batman takes his role as a masked vigilante, Dent forges an alliance with police captain James Gordon and Batman to rid Gotham of crime boss Sal Maroni, and Carmine Falcone, with the former murdered by the latters son. Gordon also speculated that Dent might have been Batman, but dismissed this theory on grounds that Dent lacked Batmans financial resources, Falcone hires the corrupt Assistant District Attorney Vernon Fields to provide Sal Maroni with sulfuric acid to disfigure Dent with. Two-Face gets his trademark coin from his father that would employ the coin in a nightly game that always ended with a beating
37.
Wayne Enterprises
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The American diversified multinational conglomerate is owned and chaired by American billionaire Bruce Wayne, who is also Batman. Wayne Enterprises is a company based out of Gotham City. Wayne Enterprises and the Wayne Foundation are largely run by Bruce Waynes business manager Lucius Fox, Fox makes most company decisions on Bruce Waynes behalf, since Waynes time is largely occupied as the vigilante Batman. Fox is typically depicted as being unaware that Wayne is Batman, founded by merchant ancestors of the Wayne family in the 17th century as a merchant house, it is among the oldest companies in the DC Universe. The company began as a dozen businesses started by Judge Solomon, with the revenue generated Judge Wayne essentially built Gotham City by hiring Cyrus Pinkney. Judge Waynes and heir, Alan Wayne, officially made it a company in the 19th century. Alan Wayne, who was Bruce Waynes great, great grandfather, erected Wayne Shipping, Wayne Chemical, all these companies were energized by the worlds Industrial Revolution, more branches were created and diversified while others dwindled and were discarded. Along the years, it has developed from a merchant house to a multinational conglomerate company in the DC Universe, exceeding LexCorp, Stagg Enterprises. Under the control of Patrick and Laura Wayne, Wayne Enterprises became a green company, Wayne Tower is the headquarters of Wayne Enterprises. Also called Old Wayne Tower and Wayne Industries Headquarters, it was built in 1888 by Alan Wayne, after its construction, the tower was the tallest building in Gotham City. Built as a symbol to all of those who enter the city, Wayne Tower has 13 gargoyles or guardians. There is a gargoyle or guardian, to visitors for each entry point into the city. The five guardians on the first tier watch the original five gateways into Gotham, higher up, the seven guardians watch the seven train lines that converge at Union Station below the towers base. A 13th guardian was added in 1930 and sits in the middle of the tower and this last one, added by Henry Wayne, watches the airport and cannot be seen by elevator or from the deck. At the top of the tower is an observation deck which Alan Wayne asserted be open to the public for every weekend. It has double bonded laminated float glass for windows that are crystal-quality, weatherproof, the Wayne Foundation is the holding company for the Thomas Wayne Foundation and the Martha Wayne Foundation, it is the largest transparently operated private foundation within the DC Universe. It also has an elevator that leads to a matching Batcave in a secret sub-basement under the building. This arrangement also provides a network of connections in the world of charities
38.
Floronic Man
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The Floronic Man, also known as the Plant Master, Floro, and the Seeder, is a fictional character appearing in American comic books published by DC Comics. He first appeared as an enemy of the Atom in Atom #1 and was created by Gardner Fox and his Floronic Man appearance first appeared in Flash #245. His Seeder appearance first appeared in Swamp Thing #21, Jason Woodrue first appears in The Atom #1. Woodrue is an exile from a world inhabited by dryads. Calling himself the Plant Master, Woodrue uses his advanced knowledge to control plant growth in an attempt to take over the world. He is defeated by the superheroic Atom, Plant Master returns to face the Atom and the Justice League. In Flash #245, Woodrue uses a formula to transform his body into a plant/human hybrid, with his skin resembling bark. Now calling himself the Floronic Man, he is defeated by Green Lantern, after a rematch with the Atom and Wonder Woman, the Floronic Man later becomes a member of the Secret Society of Super-Villains. In Alan Moores relaunch of the Swamp Thing in Saga of the Swamp Thing #21, the Floronic Man tries to warn Sunderland that the Swamp Thing is not dead, but the General refuses to listen and announces his intent to terminate Woodrues employment. Subsequently, the Floronic Man traps Sunderland in his office with a thawed and enraged Swamp Thing, the Green abandons the Floronic Man, who is then taken into custody by the Justice League after undergoing a complete mental breakdown. The 1988 Neil Gaiman/Dave McKean miniseries Black Orchid recasts Dr. Jason Woodrue as a University professor who taught botany to Philip Sylvian, Alec & Linda Holland, and Pamela Isley. The character Philip Sylvian, apparently unaware of Woodrues transformation, refers to him as an old guy and states. The Floronic Man was briefly a hero, after the events of Millennium led to him to become a member of the New Guardians, in this new role, Woodrue takes on the name Floro. After the death of most of his teammates, he reverts to his status as a villain. Floro returns in Batman, Shadow of the Bat #56, after scientists manage to keep his head alive, the first thing he comes in contact with is marijuana. Regenerating a plant body, he begins his quest to flood the streets of Gotham City with his advanced, Floronic Man takes some of Poison Ivys DNA in an attempt to create a child. Poison Ivy, in exchange, gets a full of dope money. Deciding she does not want Floronic Man running the world, she frees the Batman, after a short battle, Batman notices that Floronic Man is standing in a puddle, and uses an electrical cable to electrocute the villain, then decapitates him once again
39.
Bane (comics)
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Bane is a fictional supervillain appearing in American comic books published by DC Comics. The characters origin was in Batman, Vengeance of Bane #1, and was created by Chuck Dixon, Doug Moench, known for his mix of brute strength and exceptional intelligence, the character is often credited as being the only villain to have Broken the Bat. IGNs list of the Top 100 Comic Book Villains of All Time ranked Bane as #34. Bane was portrayed by Robert Swenson in the 1997 film Batman & Robin, Tom Hardy in the 2012 film The Dark Knight Rises, and was voiced by Doug Benson in the 2017 film The Lego Batman Movie. Chuck Dixon, Graham Nolan and Doug Moench created the character for the Knightfall storyline, Dixon wrote the characters first appearance, with art by Graham Nolan. It is also unclear how much input was provided by Denny ONeil, ONeil had previously created Banes birthplace of Santa Prisca in The Question and the drug Venom in the storyline of the same name. In the pages of Azrael, ONeil introduced Banes perception of Venom as both an addiction and the responsible for his earlier defeats. Banes origin story is established in the story Knightfall and his father, Edmund Dorrance, had been a revolutionary who had escaped Santa Priscas court system. The corrupt government decreed that his son would serve out the mans life sentence. Though he was imprisoned, his natural abilities allowed him to develop extraordinary skills within the prisons walls, because of the cultural and supposed geographical location of Santa Prisca, Bane knew how to speak English, Spanish, Portuguese and Latin. Bane murdered this priest upon his return to Santa Prisca years later and he committed his first murder at the age of eight, stabbing a criminal who wanted to use him to gain information about the prison. During his years in prison, Bane carried a teddy bear he called Osito and it is revealed that Osito has a hole in his back to hold a knife that Bane used to defend himself. Bane is tortured by a monstrous, terrifying bat creature that appears in his dreams and he ultimatly established himself as the king of Peña Dura prison and became known as Bane. The prisons controllers took note and eventually forced him to become a test subject for a drug known as Venom. During the Knightfall storyline, Bane escapes Peña Dura, along with several accomplices based on the Fabulous Five and his ambition turns to destroying Batman, about whom he had heard stories from an inmate. Gotham fascinates Bane because, like Peña Dura, fear rules Gotham -, Bane is convinced that Batman is a personification of the demonic bat which had haunted his dreams since childhood. Therefore, Bane believes fate placed Batman on a course with him. Aware that an assault on Batman would be foolish, Bane instead destroys the walls of Arkham Asylum—allowing its deranged inmates to escape into Gotham City
40.
Gotham City
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Gotham City or Gotham is a fictional city appearing in American comic books published by DC Comics, best known as the home of Batman. Batmans place of residence was first identified as Gotham City in Batman #4, the city is depicted as being within close proximity to Metropolis, and the vast majority of DC Comics references place Gotham City specifically in New Jersey. Cities such as New York City and Chicago have also influenced the look, within the DC Extended Universe, the 2016 film Suicide Squad reveals Gotham City to be located in New Jersey. Writer Bill Finger, on the naming of the city and the reason for changing Batmans locale from New York City to a city, said. Then I tried Capital City, then Coast City, then I flipped through the New York City phone book and spotted the name Gotham Jewelers and said, Thats it, Gotham City. We didnt call it New York because we wanted anybody in any city to identify with it, irving took the name from the village of Gotham, Nottinghamshire, England, a place inhabited, according to folklore, by fools. The villages name derives from Old English gāt goat and hām home, literally homestead where goats are kept, the Joker references this etymology in Detective Comics #880, in which he tells Batman that the word means a safe place for goats. In contrast, Gotham as used for New York has a different pronunciation by analogy to other words spelled with th and is pronounced as /ˈɡɒθəm/ GOTH-əm, like the word Goth. In Amazing World of DC Comics #14, publisher Mark Gruenwald discusses the history of the Justice League, Worlds Finest Comics #259 also confirms that Gotham is in New Jersey. In the World’s Greatest Super Heroes comic strip, a map is shown placing Gotham City in New Jersey, New Adventures of Superboy #22 and the 1990 Atlas of the DC Universe both show maps of Gotham City in New Jersey and Metropolis in Delaware. Detective Comics #503 includes several references suggesting Gotham City is in New Jersey, a location on the Jersey Shore is described as twenty miles north of Gotham, and Robin and Batgirl drive from a secret New Jersey airfield to Gotham City and then drive on the Hudson County Highway. Hudson County is the name of a county in New Jersey. Batman, Shadow of the Bat, Annual #1 further establishes that Gotham City is in New Jersey, sal E. Jordans drivers license in the comic reveals his address is 72 Faxcol Dr Gotham City, NJ12345. Gotham City is the home of Batman, just as Metropolis is the home of Superman, given the close proximity of the two cities, Batman and Superman often work together and frequent each others cities. Gotham City is usually depicted to be within driving distance of Metropolis, the Atlas of the DC Universe from the 1990s places Metropolis in Delaware and Gotham City in New Jersey. During the Bronze Age of Comic Books, the Metro-Narrows Bridge was depicted as the route connecting the twin cities of Metropolis. It has been described as being the longest suspension bridge in the world, a map appeared in The New Adventures of Superboy #22, that showed Smallville within driving distance of both Metropolis and Gotham City. However, the location of the two cities has varied
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Alfred Pennyworth
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Alfred Thaddeus Crane Pennyworth is a fictional character appearing in American comic books published by DC Comics, most commonly in association with Batman. Pennyworth is depicted as Bruce Waynes loyal and tireless butler, legal guardian, best friend, aide-de-camp, as an ex-Special Air Service operative of honor and ethics with connections within the intelligence community, he has been called Batmans batman. He also provides comic relief, as his sarcastic and cynical attitude often adds humor to dialogue between himself and Batman, a vital part of the Batman mythos, Alfred was nominated for the Wizard Fan Award for Favorite Supporting Male Character in 1994. The character first appeared in Batman #16, and was created by writers Bob Kane and Bill Finger, and artist Jerry Robinson. DC editors wanted the comic Alfred to resemble his cinematic counterpart, so in Detective Comics #83, Alfred vacationed at a health resort and this look has remained with the character ever since, even surviving his apparent death and resurrection. Alfred was originally conceived as a foil for Batman and Robin. In most early tales, he made bungling attempts to be a detective on a par with the young masters and he was given a four-page feature of his own, and the feature lasted thirteen issues, skipping Batman #35, with the last story in Batman #36. The stories followed a formula, with Alfred solving a crime. In later years, the aspects of the character were downplayed. To that end, Alfred introduced himself to Bruce Wayne and Dick Grayson at Wayne Manor and insisted on becoming their valet. Although the pair did not want one, especially since they did not want to jeopardize their secret identities with a servant in the house, they did not have the heart to reject Alfred. Initially, Alfred discovered their identities by accident, while fighting a burglar in Batman #16, he hit a switch. As it turned out, the wounds were insignificant. Since then, Alfred included the support staff duties of the Dynamic Duo on top of his regular tasks, ironically, Alfreds loyalty would lead him to become a member of Batmans rogues gallery. While pushing Batman and Robin out of the way of a falling boulder and it was revealed in Detective #356 that he had been revived by a scientist named Brandon Crawford. His time as the Outsider is collected in Showcase Presents, Batman Volumes 1 and 2, Alfred was later reunited with his long-lost daughter, Julia Remarque, though this element was not included in Post-Crisis comics. Her mother was the DC war heroine Mademoiselle Marie, whom Alfred had met while working as an agent in occupied France during World War II. In the Post-Crisis comics continuity, Alfred has been the Wayne family valet all of Bruces life and had helped his master establish his career from the beginning
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Wayne Manor
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Wayne Manor is a fictional American mansion appearing in American comic books published by DC Comics and is the personal residence of Bruce Wayne, who is also Batman. The residence is depicted as a large mansion on grounds outside Gotham City, maintained by the Wayne familys butler. It was without exception referred to in the 1960s TV series as stately Wayne Manor, the manor grounds include an extensive subterranean cave system that Bruce Wayne discovered as a boy and later used as his base of operations, the Batcave. The method used to access it has varied across the different storylines in the comics, movies, Wayne came to this decision when Dick Grayson went off to college, which led him to decide that the mansion was now impractical with only one resident and one servant. Furthermore, Wayne decided he wanted to be closer to his field of operations in Gotham City than a home situated outside the main urban area would allow. During the events of Batman, Cataclysm a massive earthquake struck Gotham City, the mansion was seriously damaged, as was the cave network beneath. The ground beneath the mansion shifted significantly, and actually revealed the Batcave below, the original Manor was damaged beyond repair, forcing Bruce Wayne to redesign the Manor along with the Batcave. The new Manor is a fortress, a pastiche of Gothic architecture combined with features of castellated architecture. Solar panels are installed in the new Manor, providing environmentally-friendly electricity generation for the complex and it also includes a heliport for commercial helicopters. However, Bruce returns to the manor when he realizes who he used to be, in Kingdom Come, the Manor was mostly destroyed by Two-Face and Bane after Batmans true identity was exposed, the Batcave, however, remained relatively untouched. By the end of the novel, the Manor has been rebuilt as a hospital/hospice for Gulag battle victims. In the 1960s live action series, the exteriors were shot at 380 South San Rafael Avenue in Pasadena, the interiors were shot at various soundstages. The primary passage to the Batcave from the manor was located in Bruce Waynes study behind a bookshelf that retracted into the wall, the bookshelf was activated by a switch hidden in a bust of William Shakespeare. The bookshelf would disappear to reveal two labeled firepoles descending to the Batcave, through an undisclosed mechanism, the poles allowed for Batman and Robin to go from their civilian garb to costume. The interiors and exterior of the Wayne Manor was also used in the original Mission, Impossible TV series episodes Charity and The Visitors. It was used in 2016 for another group as the residence of Hydra leader, Gideon Malick. Webb Institutes Stevenson Taylor Hall reprises its earlier role as Wayne Manor in the pilot for the TV series Gotham. The 1943 Batman serial originated the use of a clock as a door to the bat cave
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Arkham Asylum
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Arkham Asylum first appeared in Batman #258, written by Dennis ONeil and drawn by Irv Novick. Arkham Asylum serves as a hospital for the Gotham City area. Arkham Asylum is located in the greater Gotham City area, sometimes depicted as being on the outskirts of the city, Arkham is where Batmans foes who are considered to be mentally ill are brought as patients. Although it has had numerous administrators, recent comic books have featured Jeremiah Arkham, in addition, prisoners with unusual medical conditions that prevent them from staying in a regular prison are housed in Arkham. Arkham Asylum, on the outskirts of Gotham City, has a long and brutal history, beginning when its own architect became mentally unwell and he was convicted and sentenced to spend the rest of his life in the same asylum he had been building. The one-shot graphic novel Arkham Asylum, A Serious House on Serious Earth establishes that the asylum was named after Elizabeth Arkham, the original name of the asylum was Arkham Hospital. Its dark history began in the early 1900s when Arkhams mother, having suffered from mental illness most of her life, however, it was later revealed that her son had actually euthanized her, and repressed the memory. Amadeus then decided, as the heir to the Arkham estate, to remodel his family home in order to properly treat the mentally ill. Upon telling his family of his plans, they moved back to his home to oversee the remodeling. Shortly afterward, Amadeus Arkham returned to his home to find his front door wide open, inside, he discovered the corpses of his wife and daughter in an upstairs room, with Mad Dogs alias carved on Harriets body. Despite this family tragedy, the Elizabeth Arkham Asylum for the Criminally Insane officially opened that November, with his sanity in tatters, Dr. Arkham designed a floor plan that evoked occult runes, he believed that the pattern would drive away the mysterious bat that haunted his dreams. One of its first patients was Mad Dog, whom Amadeus Arkham insisted on treating personally, after treating Mad Dog for six months, Amadeus Arkham strapped him to an electroshock couch then deliberately and purposefully electrocuted him. The staff treated the death as an accident, but it contributed to Amadeus Arkhams gradual descent into mental illness, eventually, Amadeus Arkham was a patient in his own asylum, where he died. Arkham Asylum first appeared in October 1974 in Batman #258, written by Dennis ONeil, in this story, it is named as Arkham Hospital, although it is not clear what kind of hospital it is. Also in 1979, the move to have the closer to Gotham had begun, that was completed in 1980. It is perhaps for this reason that Batman #326 is listed in some histories as the first appearance of Arkham Asylum and it was also Wein who, in 1985s Whos Who #1, created its current backstory. Arkham Asylum has been demolished or destroyed several times in its history, notably during the events of Batman and it is also seriously damaged at the beginning of the Knightfall storyline, when Bane uses stolen munitions to blow up the facility and release all the patients. After these events, the asylum is relocated to a mansion known as Mercey Mansion
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Prison escape
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A prison escape is the act of an inmate leaving prison through unofficial or illegal ways. Normally, when this occurs, an effort is made on the part of authorities to recapture them, aggravating factors include whether or not violence was used. Many prisons use security features such as sensors, CCTV, barred windows, high walls, barbed wire. Numerous methods have used to escape prison over time. Many escapes have been conducted by inmates who have invented their own methods. Weaknesses that are found as prisoners escape are often corrected at numerous prisons around the world to prevent future escapes in a similar manner and this leads inmates to finding new ways. Since prisoners usually have a lot of time in which they are doing nothing, the following are methods that have commonly been used by prisoners in escapes. In some instances, a combination of these are used, while some prisoners are allowed out of their cells at times, others remain locked in their cells most of the time. Many prisoners who are kept in their cells must find out of the cells. Even those who are allowed out of their cells at times still have plans that involve escape from their cells, cell escapes occur through either the door, the window, the light, the ventilation system, by breaking down the walls, or by tunneling underground. Some prisoners have escaped by picking the locks on their cells, creating keys to their cells, sawing bars off of the doors or windows, carving away the walls, or breaking away the vent. Breaking down or slipping through the containment of the prison. Methods include destruction of the cell or compound walls, squeezing through tight spaces, prisoners often destroy their containment with homemade tools, smuggled objects, or other contraband. Most prisons are contained on the outside by one or more fences, escapees manage to scale these fences successfully or cut holes in the fences, damaging them. These fences are also watched by one or more guards from a tower, outside the fences is often a perimeter patrol conducted by an officer in a vehicle, which stands as the final line of defense. Escapees manage to evade this by studying the length of time between passes and/or waiting until it is on the other side and/or using the cover of darkness. A rare method that has used at times involves the digging of a tunnel under the facility that exits outside the facility. Attacking guards with muscle, homemade weapons, smuggled weapons, or weapons stolen from overtaken guards, some escapes involve one or more inmates taking over an entire unit or section of the prison, subduing guards, and stealing weapons or other objects they can use to their advantage
