Battle of Calven
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The Battle of Calven 1 took place on 22 May 1499 at the exit of the Val Müstair in the Grisons to the Vinschgau in County of Tyrol between the forces of King Maximilian I of the House of Habsburg and
Depiction of the battle from the Luzerner Schilling, 1513.
Umbrail Pass
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Umbrail Pass is a high mountain pass on the Italy–Switzerland border, connecting Santa Maria in Val Müstair with Bormio in the Adda valley. On the Italian side, it connects to the Stelvio Pass road an
Battle of Calven
…also claimed the Duchy of Milan; a conflict that would escalate to the Italian Wars. The alpine passes in the southern Grisons—and in particular the Umbrail Pass in Val Müstair—had suddenly become strategically important as a direct route from the Tyrol to northern Italy, and the Habsburgs redoubled their efforts…
Umbrail pass through Val Müstair