Battle of Hanoi (1873)
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The Battle of Hanoi was fought on 20 November 1873 between France and Đại Nam. A French expeditionary force composed of 140 sailors, 30 marines and 8 officers under the command of Navy Lieutenant Fran
French troops attacking the gate
Lieutenant Francis Garnier
Second lieutenant Trentinian in 1873
French sailors storming inside the citadel
Black Flag Army
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The Black Flag Army was a splinter remnant of a bandit and mercenary group recruited largely from soldiers of ethnic Zhuang background and former Taiping soldiers who crossed the border in 1865 from G
A Black Flag ambush, 1883
Black Flag soldiers, 1873
A soldier of the Black Flag Army, 1885
A Black Flag banner, captured by the French at Hòa Mộc (2 March 1885) and now displayed in the Musée de l'Armée, Paris