Beta-lactamase
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Beta-lactamases are enzymes produced by bacteria that provide multi-resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics such as penicillins, cephalosporins, cephamycins, monobactams and carbapenems, although carbap
Structure of Streptomyces albus beta-lactamase
Metallo-beta-lactamase L1 homotetramer, Stenotrophomonas
Escherichia coli bacteria on the right are sensitive to two beta-lactam antibiotics, and do not grow in the semi-circular regions surrounding antibiotics. E. coli bacteria on the left are resistant to beta-lactam antibiotics, and grow next to one antibiotic (bottom) and are less inhibited by another antibiotic (top).
Gram-negative bacteria
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Gram-negative bacteria are bacteria that, unlike gram-positive bacteria, do not retain the crystal violet stain used in the Gram staining method of bacterial differentiation. Their defining characteri
Beta-lactamase
…Through hydrolysis, the enzyme lactamase breaks the β-lactam ring open, deactivating the molecule's antibacterial properties. Beta-lactamases produced by gram-negative bacteria are usually secreted, especially when antibiotics are present in the environment. The structure of a Streptomyces serine β-lactamase (SBLs) is given…
Microscopic image of gram-negative Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteria (pink-red rods)