1.
Seattle
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Seattle is a seaport city on the west coast of the United States and the seat of King County, Washington. With an estimated 684,451 residents as of 2015, Seattle is the largest city in both the state of Washington and the Pacific Northwest region of North America. In July 2013, it was the major city in the United States. The city is situated on an isthmus between Puget Sound and Lake Washington, about 100 miles south of the Canada–United States border, a major gateway for trade with Asia, Seattle is the fourth-largest port in North America in terms of container handling as of 2015. The Seattle area was inhabited by Native Americans for at least 4,000 years before the first permanent European settlers. Arthur A. Denny and his group of travelers, subsequently known as the Denny Party, arrived from Illinois via Portland, the settlement was moved to the eastern shore of Elliott Bay and named Seattle in 1852, after Chief Siahl of the local Duwamish and Suquamish tribes. Logging was Seattles first major industry, but by the late-19th century, growth after World War II was partially due to the local Boeing company, which established Seattle as a center for aircraft manufacturing. The Seattle area developed as a technology center beginning in the 1980s, in 1994, Internet retailer Amazon was founded in Seattle. The stream of new software, biotechnology, and Internet companies led to an economic revival, Seattle has a noteworthy musical history. From 1918 to 1951, nearly two dozen jazz nightclubs existed along Jackson Street, from the current Chinatown/International District, to the Central District, the jazz scene developed the early careers of Ray Charles, Quincy Jones, Ernestine Anderson, and others. Seattle is also the birthplace of rock musician Jimi Hendrix and the alternative rock subgenre grunge, archaeological excavations suggest that Native Americans have inhabited the Seattle area for at least 4,000 years. By the time the first European settlers arrived, the people occupied at least seventeen villages in the areas around Elliott Bay, the first European to visit the Seattle area was George Vancouver, in May 1792 during his 1791–95 expedition to chart the Pacific Northwest. In 1851, a party led by Luther Collins made a location on land at the mouth of the Duwamish River. Thirteen days later, members of the Collins Party on the way to their claim passed three scouts of the Denny Party, members of the Denny Party claimed land on Alki Point on September 28,1851. The rest of the Denny Party set sail from Portland, Oregon, after a difficult winter, most of the Denny Party relocated across Elliott Bay and claimed land a second time at the site of present-day Pioneer Square, naming this new settlement Duwamps. For the next few years, New York Alki and Duwamps competed for dominance, david Swinson Doc Maynard, one of the founders of Duwamps, was the primary advocate to name the settlement after Chief Sealth of the Duwamish and Suquamish tribes. The name Seattle appears on official Washington Territory papers dated May 23,1853, in 1855, nominal land settlements were established. On January 14,1865, the Legislature of Territorial Washington incorporated the Town of Seattle with a board of managing the city
2.
Industrial music
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Industrial music is a genre of experimental/electronic music that draws on transgressive or provocative sounds and themes. In general, the style is harsh and challenging, allMusic defines industrial as the most abrasive and aggressive fusion of rock and electronic music, initially a blend of avant-garde electronics experiments and punk provocation. The first industrial artists experimented with noise and aesthetically controversial topics, musically and visually, such as fascism, serial killers and their production was not limited to music, but included mail art, performance art, installation pieces and other art forms. Prominent industrial musicians include Throbbing Gristle, Monte Cazazza, SPK, Boyd Rice, Cabaret Voltaire, Musicians also cite writers such as William S. Burroughs, and philosophers such as Friedrich Nietzsche as influences. These artists expanded the genre by pushing it into noisier and more electronic directions, over time, its influence spread into and blended with styles including ambient and rock, all of which now fall under the post-industrial music label. Electro-industrial music is a subgenre that developed in the 1980s. These three distinct genres are often referred to as simply industrial, Industrial music drew from a broad range of predecessors. Industrial music was created originally by using mechanical and electric machinery, monroe also argues for Suicide as an influential contemporary of the industrial musicians. Groups cited as inspirational by the founders of industrial music include The Velvet Underground, Joy Division, genesis P-Orridge of Throbbing Gristle had a cassette library including recordings by the Master Musicians of Jajouka, Kraftwerk, Charles Manson, and William S. Burroughs. P-Orridge also credited 1960s rock such as The Doors, Pearls Before Swine, The Fugs, Captain Beefheart, chris Carter also enjoyed and found inspiration in Pink Floyd and Tangerine Dream. Boyd Rice was influenced by the music of 60s girl groups, Cabaret Voltaire cited Roxy Music as their initial forerunners, as well as Kraftwerks Trans-Europe Express. Cabaret Voltaire also recorded pieces reminiscent of musique concrète and composers such as Morton Subotnick, Nurse with Wound cited a long list of obscure free improvisation and Krautrock as recommended listening. 23 Skidoo borrowed from Fela Kuti and Miles Daviss On the Corner, many industrial groups, including Einstürzende Neubauten, took inspiration from world music. Many of the industrial musicians preferred to cite artists or thinkers, rather than musicians. Simon Reynolds declares that Being a Throbbing Gristle fan was like enrolling in a university course of cultural extremism, John Cage was an initial inspiration for Throbbing Gristle. SPK appreciated Jean Dubuffet, Marcel Duchamp, Jean Baudrillard, Michel Foucault, Walter Benjamin, Marshall McLuhan, Friedrich Nietzsche, Cabaret Voltaire took conceptual cues from Burroughs, J. G. Ballard, and Tristan Tzara. Whitehouse and Nurse with Wound dedicated some of their work to the Marquis de Sade, another influence on the industrial aesthetic was Lou Reeds Metal Machine Music. Pitchfork Music cites this album as inspiring, in part, much of the contemporary avant-garde music scene—noise, the album consists entirely of guitar feedback, anticipating industrials use of non-musical sounds
3.
Experimental rock
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Experimental rock is a subgenre of rock music which pushes the boundaries of common composition and performance technique or which experiments with the basic elements of the genre. From its inception, rock music was experimental, but it wasnt until the late 1960s that rock artists began creating extended, in 1967, the genre was as commercially viable as pop music, but by 1970, most of its leading players had incapacitated themselves in some form. In Germany, the krautrock subgenre merged elements of improvisation and psychedelic rock with avant-garde, later in the 1970s, significant musical crossbreeding took place in tandem with the developments of punk and new wave, DIY experimentation, and electronic music. Funk, jazz-rock, and fusion rhythms became integrated into experimental rock music. The first wave of 1980s experimental rock groups had few precedents for their sound. Later in the decade, avant-rock pursued a psychedelic aesthetic that differed from the self-consciousness, during the 1990s, a loose movement known as post-rock became the dominant form of experimental rock. As of the 2010s, the experimental rock has fallen to indiscriminate use, with virtually every modern rock band being categorized under prefixes such as post-, kraut-, psych-. Although experimentation had always existed in music, it wasnt until the late 1960s that new openings were created from the aesthetic intersecting with the social. In 1966, the boundaries between pop music and the avant-garde began to blur as rock albums were conceived and executed as distinct, self-taught rock musicians in the middle and late 1960s drew from the work of composers such as John Cage, Karlheinz Stockhausen, and Luciano Berio. In addition, The Quietus Ben Graham described duos the Silver Apples, calling attention to the very recordedness of the album. This would also be reflected in contemporary experimental rock LPs, such as the Beach Boys Pet Sounds and Smile, the Whos The Who Sell Out and Tommy. The Velvet Underground were a group in experimental rock, according to Rosenberg. Peppers inspired a new consideration for experimental rock as commercially viable music, as progressive rock developed, experimental rock acquired notoriety alongside art rock. By 1970, most of the musicians which had been at the forefront of rock had incapacitated themselves. Groups such as Can, Faust, Neu, the ideas of minimalism and composers such as Stockhausen would be particularly influential. During this era, funk, jazz-rock, and fusion rhythms became integrated into experimental rock music, some groups who were categorized as post-punk considered themselves part of an experimental rock trajectory, with This Heat as one of the prominent players. Anderson claims that the no wave scene represented New York’s last stylistically cohesive avant-rock movement, steve Redhead noted the resuscitation of New Yorks avant-rock scene, including artists such as Sonic Youth and John Zorn, in the 1980s. In the late 1980s, avant-rock pursued a frazzled, psychedelia-tinged, blissed out aesthetic that differed from the self-consciousness, the UK shoegaze scene was seen by some as a continuation of an experimental rock tradition
4.
Alternative rock
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Alternative rock is a genre of rock music that emerged from the independent music underground of the 1980s and became widely popular in the 1990s and 2000s. In this instance, the word refers to the genres distinction from mainstream rock music. The terms original meaning was broader, referring to a generation of musicians unified by their debt to either the musical style or simply the independent. Ethos of punk rock, which in the late 1970s laid the groundwork for alternative music, Alternative rock is a broad umbrella term consisting of music that differs greatly in terms of its sound, its social context, and its regional roots. Most of these subgenres had achieved minor mainstream notice and a few bands representing them, such as Hüsker Dü, with the breakthrough of Nirvana and the popularity of the grunge and Britpop movements in the 1990s, alternative rock entered the musical mainstream and many alternative bands became successful. By the end of the decade, alternative rocks mainstream prominence declined due to a number of events that caused grunge and Britpop to fade, emo attracted attention in the larger alternative rock world, and the term was applied to a variety of artists, including multi-platinum acts. Post-punk revival artists such as Modest Mouse and The Killers had commercial success in the early, before the term alternative rock came into common usage around 1990, the sort of music to which it refers was known by a variety of terms. In 1979, Terry Tolkin used the term Alternative Music to describe the groups he was writing about, in 1979 Dallas radio station KZEW had a late night new wave show entitled Rock and Roll Alternative. College rock was used in the United States to describe the music during the 1980s due to its links to the radio circuit. In the United Kingdom, dozens of small do it yourself record labels emerged as a result of the punk subculture, according to the founder of one of these labels, Cherry Red, NME and Sounds magazines published charts based on small record stores called Alternative Charts. The first national chart based on distribution called the Indie Chart was published in January 1980, at the time, the term indie was used literally to describe independently distributed records. By 1985, indie had come to mean a particular genre, or group of subgenres, at first the term referred to intentionally non–mainstream rock acts that were not influenced by heavy metal ballads, rarefied new wave and high-energy dance anthems. The use of alternative gained further exposure due to the success of Lollapalooza, for which festival founder, in the late 1990s, the definition again became more specific. Defining music as alternative is often difficult because of two conflicting applications of the word, the name alternative rock essentially serves as an umbrella term for underground music that has emerged in the wake of punk rock since the mid-1980s. Alternative bands during the 1980s generally played in clubs, recorded for indie labels. Sounds range from the gloomy soundscapes of gothic rock to the guitars of indie pop to the dirty guitars of grunge to the 1960s/1970s revivalism of Britpop. This approach to lyrics developed as a reflection of the social and economic strains in the United States and United Kingdom of the 1980s, by 1984, a majority of groups signed to independent record labels mined from a variety of rock and particularly 1960s rock influences. This represented a break from the futuristic, hyper-rational post-punk years
5.
Heavy metal music
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Heavy metal is a genre of rock music that developed in the late 1960s and early 1970s, largely in the United Kingdom and the United States. Heavy metal lyrics and performance styles are associated with aggression. The first heavy metal such as Led Zeppelin, Black Sabbath. During the mid-1970s, Judas Priest helped spur the evolution by discarding much of its blues influence, Motörhead introduced a punk rock sensibility. Beginning in the late 1970s, bands in the new wave of British heavy metal such as Iron Maiden, before the end of the decade, heavy metal fans became known as metalheads or headbangers. During the 1980s, glam metal became popular with such as Mötley Crüe. Since the mid-1990s popular styles have further expanded the definition of the genre and these include groove metal and nu metal, the latter of which often incorporates elements of grunge and hip hop. Heavy metal is characterized by loud distorted guitars, emphatic rhythms, dense bass-and-drum sound. Metal subgenres variously emphasize, alter, or omit one or more of these attributes, the typical band lineup includes a drummer, a bassist, a rhythm guitarist, a lead guitarist, and a singer, who may or may not be an instrumentalist. Keyboard instruments are used to enhance the fullness of the sound. Deep Purples Jon Lord played an overdriven Hammond organ, in 1970, John Paul Jones used a Moog synthesizer on Led Zeppelin III, by the 1990s, in. almost every subgenre of heavy metal synthesizers were used. The electric guitar and the power that it projects through amplification has historically been the key element in heavy metal. The heavy metal guitar sound comes from a use of high volumes. Guitar solos are an element of the heavy metal code. That underscores the significance of the guitar to the genre, most heavy metal songs featur at least one guitar solo, which is a primary means through which the heavy metal performer expresses virtuosity. One exception is nu metal bands, which tend to omit guitar solos, with rhythm guitar parts, the heavy crunch sound in heavy metal. Palm muting the strings with the hand and using distortion. Palm muting creates a tighter, more sound and it emphasizes the low end
6.
Ministry (band)
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Ministry is an American industrial metal band founded by lead singer and only original member Al Jourgensen in 1981. Originally a new wave outfit, Ministry changed its style to become one of the pioneers of industrial metal in the mid-1980s. Ministry found mainstream success in the early 1990s with their studio album Psalm 69, The Way to Succeed. After 27 years of performing, Jourgensen decided to end the band in 2008, however, in August 2011, a reunion was announced, when Ministry confirmed they would play one of their first shows in four years at the Wacken Open Air festival in August 2012. Ministry released a new album, Relapse, on March 23,2012, Al Jourgensen began Ministry in Chicago, Illinois in 1981. His first band prior to Ministry was Special Affect with Groovie Mann, drummer Harry Rushakoff, after that was the short-lived Silly Charmichaels, with Ben Krug, Tom Krug and Tom Wall. Ministrys original sound was new wave synthpop that was more melodic. Ministry released four 12 singles on Wax Trax and their first LP With Sympathy, was issued on Arista Records in 1983 and hit the upper 90s in the Billboard 200. The LP was well received by college radio fans initially and became common in new wave album collections at the time. The music in With Sympathy and the singles Arista issued in association with it were a type of synthpop. Songs from the LP were played live as an act for The Police during the Synchronicity Tours North American leg. Jourgensen has subsequently expressed extreme dislike for Ministrys With Sympathy-era output and he has provided different explanations for this, saying in one interview that after signing the record contract, all artistic control of Ministry was handed over to other writers and producers. He was not trying to come off as British, the Stones used a southern accent and no one crawled up their ass for it. Some of Jourgensens preferred recordings from the With Sympathy era were collected into the CD Early Trax, by the mid-1980s, Jourgensen parted ways with George and signed to Sire Records. Jourgensen performed mostly solo for Ministrys next LP, Twitch, which sold well, the music was danceable electronic music, but was not pop music, and the sound was harsher and more aggressive than what Ministry had recorded before. According to Jourgensen, Twitch was stuff that I was doing before With Sympathy came out, some of that stuff was already four or five years old, but the record company didnt want to use it, so. Much of the new sound was created with the use of digital sampling, after Twitch, Jourgensen made the most significant change in Ministrys history when he resumed playing electric guitar. With the addition of The Blackouts drummer William Rieflin, Ministry recorded The Land of Rape, the album continued their success in the underground music scene
7.
R.E.M.
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R. E. M. was an American rock band from Athens, Georgia, that was formed in 1980 by drummer Bill Berry, lead guitarist Peter Buck, bassist/backing vocalist Mike Mills, and lead vocalist Michael Stipe. Released its first single—Radio Free Europe—in 1981 on the independent record label Hib-Tone, the single was followed by the Chronic Town EP in 1982, the bands first release on I. R. S. Following years of success, R. E. M. Achieved a mainstream hit in 1987 with the single The One I Love, the group signed to Warner Bros. Records in 1988, and began to espouse political and environmental concerns while playing large arenas worldwide. By the early 1990s, when alternative rock began to experience mainstream success, R. E. M. was viewed by subsequent acts such as Nirvana. The band then released its two most commercially successful albums, Out of Time and Automatic for the People, which veered from the established sound. R. E. M. s 1994 release, Monster, was a return to a more rock-oriented sound, the band began its first tour in six years to support the album, the tour was marred by medical emergencies suffered by three of the band members. Re-signed with Warner Bros. for a reported US$80 million, at the time the most expensive recording contract in history and its 1996 release, New Adventures in Hi-Fi, though critically acclaimed, fared worse commercially than expected. The following year, Bill Berry left the band, while Stipe, Buck, in 2007, the band was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame, in their first year of eligibility. Disbanded amicably in September 2011, announcing the split on its website, in January 1980, Michael Stipe met Peter Buck in Wuxtry Records, the Athens record store where Buck worked. The pair discovered that they shared similar tastes in music, particularly in rock and protopunk artists like Patti Smith, Television. Stipe said, It turns out that I was buying all the records that was saving for himself, Stipe and Buck soon met fellow University of Georgia students Mike Mills and Bill Berry, who had played music together since high school and lived together in Georgia. The quartet agreed to collaborate on songs, Stipe later commented that there was never any grand plan behind any of it. Their still-unnamed band spent a few months rehearsing and played its first show on April 5,1980, at a friends birthday party held in a converted Episcopal church in Athens. After considering names like Twisted Kites, Cans of Piss, and Negro Wives, the band members eventually dropped out of school to focus on their developing group. They found a manager in Jefferson Holt, a store clerk who was so impressed by an R. E. M. performance in his hometown of Chapel Hill, North Carolina. R. E. M. s success was almost immediate in Athens and surrounding areas, the band drew progressively larger crowds for shows, over the next year and a half, R. E. M. Toured throughout the Southern United States, touring was arduous because a touring circuit for alternative rock bands did not then exist
8.
Sweet 75
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Sweet 75 was a band formed by Krist Novoselic in 1994 after the break-up of Nirvana. The band released one self named album before splitting up in 2000, Krist Novoselic formed Sweet 75 after Nirvanas 1994 break-up, along with Venezuelan-born street singer Yva Las Vegass, whom he met after his wife hired her to sing at his birthday party. Novoselic originally planned to produce an album for the singer but after writing songs together, they decided to form Sweet 75, with Bobi Lore added on drums, they performed a few live shows in 1995 and signed to Geffen Records. In 1996 a bootleg of a November 17,1995 live show was released by the record company Sea Monkey called Trucked Up Fuckstop. Lore was replaced by former Ministry drummer Bill Rieflin before the recorded their self-titled debut album. The album was described as blending indie-rock with heavy rock, Mexican music, lounge, in addition, a single of the song Lay Me Down was released in Australia. It contained the album tracks Lay Me Down and La Vida, wade left in October 1997, and the group disbanded in early 1998. Further work on the album in 2000 was reported but by August that year the band had split up for good
9.
Revolting Cocks
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The group was founded by Richard 23 and Luc Van Acker with Al Jourgensen as their producer. Their first release was No Devotion on Wax Trax records in 1985, the single was quickly followed by an album, Big Sexy Land, featuring a mix of Wax Trax-industrial, hard rock, and EBM with dominating sampling and strong synthesized beats. Richard 23 quit in 1986 due to creative differences, the following live album, You Goddamned Son of a Bitch, featured heavier, more Ministry-like versions of the Big Sexy Land tracks along with some new material. This trend continued on Beers, Steers, and Queers, layering sample over sample, Linger Ficken Good was released by Sire records, with most tracks returning to the less layered material. Included was a cover of Rod Stewarts Da Ya Think Im Sexy. also released as a single, a tour was planned but cancelled, and the band quietly came to an end. In 2004, Jourgensen, with former Cock Phildo Owens, revived the group and previewed a new song, Prune Tang, an album titled Purple Head was due in 2004, but was delayed until 2006 with a change in title to Cocked and Loaded. Caliente, a cover of sorts of Dark Entries by Bauhaus, the group recorded Sex-O Olympic-O, which was originally set to be released in October 2008, but was delayed multiple times until it saw release on March 3,2009. Following a tour, an album with this lineup, Got Cock. was released on April 13,2010. The project fell apart again with Bradford and Worbeck parting ways. Quirin continued to work with Jourgensen following Ministrys revival in 2011, records Retrospectacle, 33 1⁄3 Year Anniversary was held from April 15 to 17,2011 at Metro Chicago in Chicago, Illinois. As a part of the lineup, Chris Connelly, Paul Barker and Luc Van Acker performed Revolting Cocks songs with Duane Buford, Dan Brill, Jamie Duffy, for their performance on the 17th, Richard 23 joined them on stage to sing No Devotion. In 2016, Richard 23, Acker, Barker and Connelly performed as The Cocks for a six date tour to mark the 30th anniversary of Big Sexy Land, accompanied by Dan Brill and Jason Novak. Big Sexy Land Beers, Steers, and Queers Linger Ficken Good Cocked and Loaded Sex-O Olympic-O ¿Got Cock and you Goddamned Son of a Bitch Cocktail Mixxx Sex-O MiXXX-O ¿Got Mixxx. No Devotion No Devotion Attack Ships. On Fire You Often Forget You Often Forget You Often Forget Stainless Steel Providers Stainless Steel Providers At the Top T. V. Mind Physical Physical Physical Beers, Steers, and Queers Beers, Steers & Queers / Beers, Steers & Queers Stainless Steel Providers Public Image Da Ya Think Im Sexy, sergio Guitar Wrong Sexy Mix Crackin Up Crackin Up Crackin Up Gila Copter
10.
KMFDM
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KMFDM is an industrial band led by German multi-instrumentalist Sascha Konietzko, who founded the group in 1984 as a performance art project. The groups earliest incarnation included German drummer En Esch and British vocalist Raymond Watts, the trio recorded the bands earliest albums in Germany before Konietzko and Esch moved to the United States, where they found much greater success with seminal industrial record label Wax Trax. German guitarist Günter Schulz joined in 1990, both he and Esch continued with the band until KMFDM broke up in 1999, Konietzko and Cifarelli moved back to Germany in 2007, while the rest of the band stayed in the U. S. Critics consider KMFDM to be one of the first bands to bring music to mainstream audiences. The band is fiercely political, with many of its lyrics taking stands against violence, war, KMFDM normally tours at least once after every major release, and band members are known for their accessibility to and interaction with fans, both online and at concerts. Members, singly or working together and with musicians, have recorded under many other names, primarily Watts Pig, Konietzkos Excessive Force. In the original phrase, the preceding the nouns Mehrheit and Mitleid are inflected for the wrong gender. Swapping the two nouns yields the grammatically correct Kein Mitleid für die Mehrheit, which translates directly as no pity for the majority. In a 2003 interview, Konietzko explained the origins of the phrase, On the morning of February 29th,1984 I woke up and we had a show that night opening for an exhibition for young European artists. We needed a motto for the night so that we could make up some fliers, There was a German newspaper on the table and so I started cutting out words and threw them all into a cap. We picked a few of them out and it read Kein Mehrheit Für Die Mitleid and its kinda improper German in regards to its translation but in the DA-DA-esque mindset of the early morning it made perfect sense. So when I was on my way back to Hamburg Id mentioned it to Raymond and he liked it but he was having difficulty pronouncing it correctly. So finally he said, Why dont you just call it KMFDM, sturm left early on, but Konietzko continued performing, at one point having twenty people in his troupe, which by then was engaged in antics such as fire eating and throwing entrails at audiences. Konietzko then returned to Hamburg, where he joined up with Peter Missing in his new band Missing Foundation, drummer Nicklaus Schandelmaier, who had recently moved to Hamburg from Frankfurt, also joined the group, and took the stage name En Esch. Cassette copies of the bands first album, Opium, began circulating through the underground clubs, KMFDM released its next album, What Do You Know, Deutschland. in December 1986. It was recorded from 1983 to 1986, with some of the songs recorded by Konietzko and Watts before Esch was a member of the band, and indeed, before the band officially existed. Skysaw Records gave the album a second UK release in 1987 and introduced the band to visual artist Aidan Hughes, Hughes redesigned the albums cover, and went on to design almost every KMFDM album cover. Watts left the group working on just three songs on 1988s Dont Blow Your Top to start his own project, Pig
11.
Pigface
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Pigface is an industrial music supergroup formed in 1990 by Martin Atkins and William Rieflin. Pigface was formed from Ministrys The Mind is a Terrible Thing to Taste tour, for the tour, Al Jourgensen brought Atkins, Nivek Ogre and Chris Connelly. Also on the tour was Rieflin, regular Ministry drummer at the time, while Atkins enjoyed the dynamic of playing with a second drummer, he felt that the lineup was capable of doing much more than being, what he has frequently called, a Ministry cover band. Once the tour was over, Atkins and Rieflin decided to continue working together, trent Reznor was also an early partner, before Nine Inch Nails became a household name. Suck, co-written and sung by Reznor, was something of an underground hit, Rieflin eventually left Pigface, leaving Atkins in charge. The hundreds of collaborators to record and perform with Pigface have ensured that each album, tour. However, this practice has led to negative criticism due to a perceived lack of continuity. In 2009, Full Effect Records, a Detroit-based label, announced the signing of Pigface, the Pigface album,6, followed shortly after. After a seven-year hiatus, Pigface returned for two Chicago performances in November 2016, the first was a rehearsal show held at Reggies on November 24. On November 25, the performed at House of Blues. Both shows saw the band performing with members as well as the return of members like Lesley Rankine, En Esch, Mary Byker, Curse Mackey, Dirk Flannigan. Several offshoot bands of Pigface, all smaller sized all-star groups featuring Martin Atkins as a member, have released albums during the time Pigface was active. The Damage Manual, Ritalin, Martin Atkins And The Chicago Industrial League, Spasm, Pigface concerts are characterized by high-energy performances. It is not unusual to see upwards of ten musicians on stage at any time during a show. In addition, members of the audience have occasionally been invited on stage during the encore, gub Fook Notes From Thee Underground A New High in Low Easy Listening
12.
Nine Inch Nails
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Nine Inch Nails is an American industrial rock band founded in 1988 by Trent Reznor in Cleveland, Ohio. Despite this, the band has had feuds with the corporate side of the recording industry. Reznor returned to self-releasing material with the second Nine Inch Nails EP, as the bands main producer, singer, songwriter, and instrumentalist, Reznor is the only constant member of the group, and remains solely responsible for its direction. This changed however in 2016 when Atticus Ross was introduced as a permanent member of Nine Inch Nails alongside the announcement of Not the Actual Events, after recording a new album, Reznor usually assembles a live band to perform onstage with him. The touring band features a lineup that often rearranges songs to fit a live setting. On stage, Nine Inch Nails often employs visual elements to accompany performances, Nine Inch Nails has been nominated for thirteen Grammy Awards, and won twice for the songs Wish and Happiness in Slavery in 1992 and 1996, respectively. In 1997, Reznor appeared in Time magazines list of the years most influential people, in 2004, Rolling Stone placed Nine Inch Nails at 94 on its list of the 100 greatest artists of all time. In 2014, Nine Inch Nails was named as nominees for induction into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame, in 2015, they were nominated a second time. Koster agreed and allowed Reznor to use it whenever it was empty, while completing the early recordings, Reznor was unable to find a band that could articulate the material as he desired. Instead, inspired by Prince, Reznor played all the instruments except drums himself and this role remains Reznors on most of the bands studio recordings, though he has occasionally involved other musicians and assistants. Nine Inch Nails debut was at the Phantasy Theater in Lakewood, in 1988, after playing its first shows supporting Skinny Puppy, Reznors ambition for Nine Inch Nails was to release one 12-inch single on a small European label. Several labels responded favorably to the material and Reznor signed with TVT Records. The overall sound on Purest Feeling is lighter than that of Pretty Hate Machine, several songs feature live drumming and guitar work throughout. Reznor coined the name Nine Inch Nails because it abbreviated easily, other rumored explanations have circulated, alleging that Reznor chose to reference Jesus crucifixion with nine-inch spikes, or Freddy Kruegers nine-inch fingernails. The English letters NIN are also noted for their resemblance to the modern Hebrew characters of the Tetragrammaton, the Nine Inch Nails logo, which consists of the letters set inside a border, was designed by Reznor and Gary Talpas. The logo first appeared on the video for Nine Inch Nails debut single, Down in It. Talpas, a native of Cleveland, would continue to design Nine Inch Nails packaging art until 1997, written, arranged, and performed by Reznor, Nine Inch Nails first album Pretty Hate Machine debuted in 1989. It marked his first collaboration with Adrian Sherwood and Mark Flood Ellis, Reznor asked Sean Beavan to mix the demos of Pretty Hate Machine, which had received multiple offers for record deals
13.
King Crimson
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King Crimson are an English rock band formed in London in 1968. Fripp is the only consistent member of the group, and is considered the bands leader, the band has earned a large cult following. King Crimsons debut album, In the Court of the Crimson King, remains its most successful and influential, with its elements of jazz, classical and their success increased following an opening act performance for the Rolling Stones at Hyde Park, London, in 1969. Following the less successful In the Wake of Poseidon, Lizard, and Islands, the reached a new creative peak with Larks Tongues in Aspic, Starless and Bible Black. Fripp disbanded the group in 1974, in 1981, King Crimson reformed with a change in musical direction which lasted for three years, resulting in the trio of albums Discipline, Beat, and Three of a Perfect Pair. Following a decade-long hiatus, Fripp revived the group in 1994, since 1997, several musicians have pursued aspects of the bands work and approaches through a series of related bands collectively referred to as ProjeKCts. In 2000, the band reunited once more and released The Construkction of Light, the bands most recent album is The Power to Believe. In 2009 the band undertook a tour to celebrate their 40th Anniversary, fellow Dorset musician Robert Fripp – a guitarist who did not sing – responded and the trio formed the band Giles, Giles and Fripp. Based on a format of pop songs and complex instrumentals. The band hovered on the edge of success, with several radio sessions and a television appearance, the album was no more of a success than the singles, and was even disparaged by Keith Moon of the Who in a magazine review. Attempting to expand their sound, the three recruited Ian McDonald on keyboards, reeds and woodwinds, McDonald brought along his then-girlfriend, former Fairport Convention singer Judy Dyble, whose brief tenure with the group ended when the two split. Would you like to get together on a couple of songs, Fripp, meanwhile, saw Clouds perform at the Marquee Club in London which inspired him to incorporate classical melodies and jazz-like improvisation in his song writing. No longer interested in pursuing Peter Giles more whimsical pop style, Fripp recommended his friend, singer and guitarist Greg Lake, join, Peter Giles later called it one of Fripps cute political moves. But he had become disillusioned with the lack of success and departed, leaving Lake to become bassist. The first incarnation of King Crimson formed in London on 30 November 1968, the bands name was coined by Sinfield, though it is not meant to be a synonym for Beelzebub, prince of demons. McDonald suggested the purchase a Mellotron, and they began using it to create an orchestral rock sound. Sinfield described Crimson thus, If it sounded at all popular, so it had to be complicated, it had to be more expansive chords, it had to have strange influences. If it sounded, like, too simple, wed make it more complicated, wed play it in 7/8 or 5/8, just to show off
14.
Robbie Williams
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Robert Peter Robbie Williams is an English singer, songwriter and actor. He was a member of the pop group Take That from 1990 to 1995 and he has also had commercial success as a solo artist. Williams rose to fame in Take Thats first run in the early-to-mid-1990s, Williams also released seven number-one singles. On 15 July 2010, he rejoined Take That, the groups subsequent album Progress became the second fastest-selling album in UK chart history and the fastest-selling record of the century at the time. Gary Barlow has since confirmed that Williams had left for a time, although the departure was amicable. He is the best-selling British solo artist in the United Kingdom, in 2004, he was inducted into the UK Music Hall of Fame after being voted the Greatest Artist of the 1990s. According to the British Phonographic Industry, Williams has been certified for 19.5 million albums and 6.8 million singles in the UK as a solo artist. Williams also topped the 2000–2010 UK airplay chart, racking up almost 50% more plays than the Sugababes at number 2, in 2014 he was awarded the freedom of his home town of Stoke-on-Trent, as well as having a tourist trail created and streets named in his honour. Williams was born in Stoke-on-Trent, Staffordshire and his maternal grandfather was Irish and hailed from Kilkenny. Williams attended St Margaret Ward Catholic School in Tunstall, before attending dance school UKDDF in Tunstall and he participated in several school plays, and his biggest role was that of the Artful Dodger in a production of Oliver. In 1990, the sixteen-year-old Williams was the youngest member to join Take That, according to the documentary Take That, For the Record, his mother read an advertisement seeking members for a new boy band and suggested that he try out for the group. He met fellow member Mark Owen on the day of his audition/interview with Nigel Martin-Smith, during the heights of the bands popularity, Williams was known as the extrovert and cheeky practical joker of the band. However, he had conflicts with Martin-Smith over the rules for Take That members. In November 1994, Williamss drug abuse had escalated to the point of his having a drug overdose the night before the group was scheduled to perform at the MTV Europe Music Awards. Barlow explained in interviews that Williams had given up trying to offer creative input, during one of the last rehearsals before the tour commenced, the group confronted Williams about his attitude and stated they wanted to do the tour without him. He agreed to quit and left the group in July 1995, despite the departure of Williams, Take That completed their Nobody Else Tour as a four-piece band. They later disbanded on 13 February 1996, Williamss 22nd birthday, shortly afterwards, Williams was photographed by the press partying with the members of Oasis at Glastonbury Festival. Following his departure, he became the subject of shows and newspapers as he acknowledged his plans to become a solo singer
15.
Industrial rock
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Industrial rock is a musical genre that fuses industrial music and specific rock subgenres. Like most industrial subgenres, industrial rock is generally dark. Experimental 60s group Cromagnon are said to have one of the bands that helped foresee the birth of industrial rock. Specifically, their song Caledonia has been noted for its pre-industrial stomp, Industrial music was created in the mid- to late 1970s, amidst the punk rock revolution and disco fever. Prominent early industrial musicians include Throbbing Gristle, Cabaret Voltaire, NON, SPK, many other artists have been cited as influences such as Kraftwerk and Gary Numan and Tubeway Army as well as Einstürzende Neubauten. Many other musical performers were incorporating industrial-musical elements into a variety of musical styles, some post-punk performers developed styles parallel to industrial musics defining attributes. Pere Ubus debut, The Modern Dance, was described as industrial, so was San Franciscos Chrome, who mixed Jimi Hendrix, The Sex Pistols and tape music experiments, and Killing Joke, considered by Simon Reynolds as a post-punk version of heavy metal. According to Chris Connelly, Foetus is the instigator when it comes to the marriage of machinery to hardcore punk, the New York City band Swans were inspired by the local No Wave scene, as well as punk rock, noise music and the original industrial groups. Steve Albinis Big Black followed a path, while also incorporating American hardcore punk. Big Black has also been associated with post-hardcore and noise rock. Industrial rocks true commercial breakthrough took place with the rise of the metal bands, Ministry, Marilyn Manson. Records Nothing Records Industrial rock musical groups Industrial rock sales and awards List of industrial music bands Blush, concrete, Bulletproof, Invisible + Fried, My Life as a Revolting Cock. The Mojo Collection, The greatest albums of all time, rip it up and start again, Postpunk 1978-1984. Atari Teenage Riot,60 second wipe out
16.
Industrial metal
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Founding industrial metal acts include Ministry, Godflesh, and KMFDM. Industrial metal developed in the late 1980s, as industrial and heavy metal began to fuse into a common genre, in the early years of the 21st century, groups from the black metal scene began to incorporate elements of industrial music. Industrial metal did well in the early 1990s, particularly in North America, the industrial metal movement began to fade in the latter half of the 1990s. Though electric guitars had used by industrial artists since the early days of the genre. British post-punk band Killing Joke pioneered the crossing over between styles, and was an influence on industrial metal bands such as Ministry, Godflesh. Another pioneer industrial rock group, Big Black, also impacted some later groups, by the late 1980s industrial and heavy metal began to fuse into a common genre, with Godfleshs self-titled EP and Ministrys The Land of Rape and Honey at the forefront. Godflesh was founded by former Napalm Death guitarist Justin Broadrick, though not a top-seller, Godflesh nonetheless became an influential act, their name mentioned by Korn, Metallica, Danzig, Faith No More, and Fear Factory. Ministry emerged from the scene surrounding Wax Trax, Records, a Chicago label dedicated to industrial music. Ministrys initial foray into guitar rock happened during a session of The Land of Rape and Honey on Southern Studios. The bands frontman, the Cuban-born Al Jourgensen, explained this transition, after the release of Land, he recruited guitarist Mike Scaccia from Texas thrashers Rigor Mortis. On one occasion, Jourgensen told the press that Sepultura was his favorite band and he also expressed the desire to produce a Metallica album. German band KMFDM was another seminal industrial metal group, although not a metal fan, KMFDM leader Sascha Konietzkos infatuation with ripping off metal licks stemmed from his experiments with E-mus Emax sampler in late 1986. He told Guitar World that, A Swiss trio, The Young Gods, brushed with the style on their second album, the rivethead subculture also developed at this time, along with the so-called coldwave subgenre, which encompassed Chemlab,16 Volt, and Acumen Nation. Some electro-industrial groups adopted industrial metal techniques in this period, including Skinny Puppy, british band Pitchshifter, formed in 1989 by brothers Jon and Mark Clayden, also started as an industrial metal band. The band later included elements of drum and bass, frontman JS mentions Industrial metals popularity led a number of successful thrash metal groups, including Megadeth, Sepultura, and Anthrax, to request remixes by industrial artists. Some musicians emerging from the metal scene, such as Fear Factory, Nailbomb. Fear Factory, from Los Angeles, were influenced by the Earache roster. The German band Oomph. after their debut album Sperm started to play Industrial metal combined with elements of death metal, Sepultura singer Max Cavaleras Nailbomb, a collaboration with Alex Newport, also practiced a combination of extreme metal and industrial production techniques
17.
Swans (band)
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Swans are an American experimental rock band formed in 1982 by singer, songwriter and multi-instrumentalist Michael Gira. Since 1990, all Swans records have been released through Giras own label, Michael Gira has repeatedly stated he took the moniker Swans as it described the sound he wanted best. Giras summation of the name follows along the lines of, Swans are majestic, jon Tessler also played percussion and tape loops. Hanels only recordings with the group are on the compilation Body to Body, Job to Job, Kane stated that Sue was the most fearsome guitarist wed ever heard in New York. Hanel did not stay long in the group, and by the time of their recording debut she had replaced by Bob Pezzola. This lineup of the group also featured saxophonist Daniel Galli-Duani, who had played with Kane as the avant-garde duo Transmission. The debut EP, Swans, released on Labor, is different from anything they would do later. The plodding tempos and distorted, detuned guitar work is reminiscent of such post-punk outfits as Joy Division, Kane compares Swans to blues icon Chester Burnett, a. k. a. Some similarities worth noting—the music of early Swans was often based on a single riff, some of Burnetts songs—especially the songs penned by Burnett himself—have a similar structure and quality. Their early music was typified by slow and grinding guitar noise, critics have described Swans early recordings as aggressive beyond words. Their first full-length release, Filth, featured driving, choppy rhythms, Filth was the first album to feature guitarist Norman Westberg, who would play a vital role in much of Swans music and would feature on every subsequent studio album apart from Love of Life. Cop and the originally untitled Young God EP were both released in 1984 and re-released together on CD in 1992, Young God has been known by several names, usually by one of its two A-sides, such as I Crawled or, notoriously, as Raping a Slave. This release is often confused with their self-titled debut, the music continues in the same vein as Filth, and is again vaguely reminiscent of heavy metal music played in extreme slow motion. Swans were, in this era, Gira on vocals, Westberg on guitar, Harry Crosby on bass guitar, Giras vocals had changed slightly, becoming slowly more melodic, although the snarl still remained. Some of the songs on the EP, particularly Young God and I Crawled, have a vocal melody, if rudimentary. Young God is considered by many to be the best of their releases for this reason. Justin Broadrick shared this impression of the group, One of the trademarks of Swans early period was playing at painfully loud volumes during concerts and this lent a reputation to the name Swans which was one of the contributing factors in Giras retirement of the band in 1997. Since Swans re-formation, Gira has made a point of maintaining the intensity of their live show and he has also sometimes turned off the air conditioning before Swans performed and compared the experience to a Native American sweat lodge
18.
Chris Connelly (musician)
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Chris Connelly is a Scottish author and musician who became famous for his industrial music work of the late 1980s and early 1990s, particularly his involvement with the Revolting Cocks and Ministry. He has since established himself as an alternative singer-songwriter, Connelly was born in Bruntsfield, Scotland to Michael and Sadie Connelly near the city center of Edinburgh. Connellys father died in an accident early in his life. Connellys Scottish ancestry includes Irish descent through the Connellys and Murphys and his mother’s side, the Kings and the McCullochs were from the Highlands and migrated to Glasgow in search of work. Connelly began his career in 1980 with the formation of Finitribe. Through subsequent years he fronted or was involved with numerous notable industrial, dance. In 2008, Connelly published a memoir of his years in the music industry, Concrete, Bulletproof, Invisible. In contrast to his roots, Connelly explored various genres in his solo works. In 2013, he has started two more in the vein of industrial, Cocksure, with Jason C. Novak, and Bells into Machines, with Paul Barker, Connelly manages Reckless Records, a record store in Wicker Park, Chicago. C
19.
Bill Berry
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William Thomas Bill Berry is a retired American musician and multi-instrumentalist, best known as the drummer for the alternative rock band R. E. M. In addition to his duties, Berry played many other instruments including guitar, bass guitar. After 17 years with the band, Berry left the industry to become a farmer. William Thomas Berry was born in Duluth, Minnesota, the child of Don. At the age of three years, Berry moved with his family to Wauwatosa, Wisconsin, a suburb of Milwaukee, in 1968, they were on the move again, this time to Sandusky, Ohio. In 1972, the Berry family made their move, to Macon, Georgia. It was there that he met bassist Mike Mills, and they played together in different bands. Their first attempt at a career in music was short-lived and he and Mills decided to make money by getting day jobs. They rented an apartment on Arlington Place in Macon and Bill landed a job at the Paragon booking agency next door, Berry and Mills moved to Athens, Georgia in 1978, where they met Michael Stipe and Peter Buck. Prior to dropping out, Berry studied pre-law at the University of Georgia, in addition to his duties as a drummer, Berry contributed occasional guitar, bass, mandolin, vocals, keyboards and piano on studio tracks. In concert, he performed on bass, and supplied regular backing vocals. Berry also made songwriting contributions, particularly for Everybody Hurts and Man on the Moon. Other Berry songs included Perfect Circle, Driver 8, Cant Get There from Here, the song Leave was also written by Berry for R. E. M. s 1996 album New Adventures in Hi-Fi, which was his last album with the band. Berry was also responsible for toning down the lyrics of the song Welcome to the Occupation, Berrys objection ultimately led the line to be changed to hang your freedom higher. During 1984 Berry also was drummer for the impromptu Hindu Love Gods, bandmates Mike Mills, Peter Buck, and rocker Warren Zevon, and also Bryan Cook. On March 1,1995, at the Patinoire Auditorium in Lausanne, Switzerland, Berry collapsed on stage during an R. E. M. show from a ruptured brain aneurysm. He recovered and rejoined the band, but left in October 1997, saying that he no longer had the drive or enjoyment level to be in the band, and that he wanted a career change. He later explained on VH-1s Behind The Music, I didnt wake up one day and decide, I feel like Im ready for a life change
20.
The Screamers
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The Screamers were an American electropunk group founded in 1975. They were among the first wave of the L. A. punk rock scene, the Los Angeles Times applied the label techno-punk to the band in 1978. In the documentary Punk, Attitude, the Dead Kennedys cite the Screamers as a key influence on their group, the Screamers were noted for unusual instrumentation, featuring synthesizer and electric piano. Additional musicians, including violinists and a female vocalist, were incorporated into their performances. The group featured a presentation that centered on manic lead vocalist. DuPlenty and Tommy Gear, a player and vocalist, were the bands principal songwriters. The Screamers founders Tomata du Plenty and Tommy Gear first collaborated in Seattle in 1975, where they formed The Tupperwares. The original lineup of the Tupperwares included Tommy Gear, Tomata du Plenty, and Rio de Janeiro on vocals, backed by Pam Lillig and Ben witz, as well as Bill Rieflin and a teenage Eldon Hoke. In late 1976, after threats from Tupperware trademark owners. The trio Tomata, Tommy, Rio migrated to Los Angeles, shortly after arriving in Los Angeles, Rio de Janeiro left the band due to creative differences and they added David Brown and drummer K. K. Barrett. Brown soon left to found the seminal punk label Dangerhouse Records, the Screamers created a visual presence in the press before they ever played live. Studio photos of the band began to appear in magazines even before a band had been assembled. Artist Gary Panters logo for the band, a cartoon of a screaming head with spiked hair. From 1977 through 1979, the Screamers became a sensation in Los Angeles rock clubs and they were the first band without a recording contract to headline the prestigious Roxy on Sunset Boulevard. They also did short tours during this period, playing in New York, at CBGB and Hurrah. Describing a July 1979 performance, music critic Robert Hilburn of the Los Angeles Times focused on Tomatas extraordinary power on stage. According to Hilburn, Tomatas hair was greased to stand straight up and his performance reflected the nervous, relentless anxiety of someone whose troubles are even deeper. By the end of the 40-minute set, du Plenty has gone through the disintegration of the human will that we associate with such books as 1984
21.
The Land of Rape and Honey
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The Land of Rape and Honey is the third studio album by industrial metal band Ministry, released in 1988 on Sire Records. This album is the bands first attempt at mixing industrial with rock, as opposed to more electronically influenced previous albums and this also marks the inclusion of bassist Paul Barker, who would remain in Ministry as a member alongside Al Jourgensen until his departure in 2004. The album title comes from the slogan of Tisdale, Saskatchewan, whose motto at that time was The Land of Rape and Honey, the band chose the name after seeing the slogan on a souvenir mug. The album cover is an electronically processed image of a corpse in the Leipzig-Thekla subcamp of Buchenwald. Jourgensen took a picture of the holocaust from a documentary on television, the track Stigmata is featured in Richard Stanleys 1990 science fiction thriller Hardware, although the band shown performing the track is actually Gwar. The album was certified Gold by the RIAA in January 1996, the album was out of print for a few years in the early 2000s, but was re-issued by Wounded Bird Records in 2007. This re-issue is misprinted, labeling the title track The Land of Milk, in 2016, Al Jourgensen cited The Land of Rape and Honey as his favorite Ministry album. He added that he was inspired to create word cut-ups from the works of Allen Toussaint, bands like Fear Factory, Linkin Park, Slipknot and Nine Inch Nails cite this album as major influence. Tracks 6 and 9 were bonus tracks on the CD release of the album, golden Dawn You are being found guilty of covenants with the devil, State your confession, Confess. The Anti-Christ - The Devils - Aleister Crowley, from his Call of the First Aethyr - Israel Regardie, quoting the English translation of the First Enochian Key. Hizbollah Kad Ataka - Fairuz You Know What You Are You know what you are - closing dialog by Tuco from The Good, the Bad, - Platoon Flashback Now hold up, man. Do it, Everybodys got to die sometime, Im hurtin real bad inside - Platoon Abortive T minus 10,9,8,7,6,5,4, and the shuttle has cleared the tower
22.
In Case You Didn't Feel Like Showing Up
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In Case You Didnt Feel Like Showing Up is a live album by the industrial metal band Ministry. The album was released on September 4,1990, in 2005, In Case You Didnt Feel Like Showing Up was ranked number 328 in Rock Hard magazines book of The 500 Greatest Rock & Metal Albums of All Time. The beginning of the concert starts with a very textured dual drum jam then segues into Breathe, after playing Stigmata, Jello Biafra comes on stage and reads his own rendition of The Pledge of Allegiance. After that, the returns for an encore of The Land of Rape. Biafra remains on stage giving an almost dadaist performance art routine, largely alternating between sucking his thumb and giving a Nazi salute
23.
Martin Atkins
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Atkins is also an honorary board member of the Chicago-based nonprofit organisation Rock For Kids. Atkins first major exposure as a drummer was with John Lydons post-Sex Pistols band and he joined in 1979, just in time to contribute to the song Bad Babies, on the album Metal Box. In 1980, Atkins left Public Image Ltd to concentrate on his band Brian Brain with Pete Jones on bass, Brian Brain released six singles and one LP on Secret Records, and continued to release singles and LPs on Atkins own Plaid Records throughout the 1980s. Atkins eventually left PiL for the last time in 1985, throughout the late 1980s, the 1990s and early 2000s, Atkins performed with many bands, including Nine Inch Nails, as well as Ministry. The dual-drumming of Atkins and Bill Rieflin is captured on the live Ministry album/video In Case You Didnt Feel Like Showing Up, Atkins later joined Killing Joke, performing on 1990s Extremities, Dirt, and Other Repressed Emotions. He also managed the band for that time, and designed their live show scenery, Atkins formed his industrial supergroup, Pigface, during a Ministry tour in 1989–1990. Atkins also went on to form Murder, Inc. a new band featuring Geordie Walker, Paul Raven and Chris Connelly, in 1992. During this time, he played with the Revolting Cocks and is credited alongside Chris Vrenna in Nine Inch Nails for performing extra drums on Wish and Gave Up, Geordie Walker from Killing Joke and Chris Connelly were also part of the project. Atkins later produced and released an album with Skinny Puppys Nivek Ogre. The resulting album was entitled Bedside Toxicology, between 2000 and 2002 he released four albums as Opium Jukebox featuring instrumental cover tunes done in a Bhangra style. In October 2006, Atkins visited Beijing to discover the emerging Chinese music scene, during his stay, Atkins recorded and signed a handful of Chinese bands to Invisible Records and recorded material for a new Pigface album. Atkins has taught at Columbia College in Chicago where he instructed the course The Business of Touring and he is also an active guest lecturer, speaking at such institutions as the University of Southern California, the Midi School in Beijing and Lebanon Valley College in Annville, Pennsylvania. Atkins has since become an instructor at the Madison Media Institute in Madison, Atkins has announced plans to take his lecturing further by eventually opening a school of his own. He is also a department chairman for a business program he designed at SAE Chicago. Atkins has held a number of seminars at Tech Music Schools in London, Atkins has written what he calls, the first real book on touring. Atkins was on the tenth annual Independent Music Awards judging panel, starting in 2015, Atkins has written and performed several podcast stories for The Martin Atkins Minute, included with the NPR All Songs Considered podcast. Martin Atkins on Myspace Official Tour, Smart page Official Gallery Page Martin Atkins Blog
24.
Filth Pig
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Filth Pig is the sixth studio album by industrial metal band Ministry, released in 1996 on Warner Bros. The title was derived from a statement made in the British Houses of Parliament. Despite being the bands highest-charting album in the US, it was received by reviewers, sharply divided the bands fanbase. This would be the last Ministry album to be recorded with Mike Scaccia on guitar until the 2004 release of Houses of the Molé and he did not tour to support Filth Pig. The album is considered one of Ministrys most underrated works, the album cover depicts a young man holding an American flag with raw meat dripping on his head and a badge on his chest that reads, Dont blame me
25.
Wax Trax! Records
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Records is an American independent record label. It began as a shop in Denver, Colorado opened by Jim Nash. They sold the store in 1978 and, in November of that year, opened a new one under the name at 2449 North Lincoln Avenue in Chicago. This store would become the center of the new wave, punk rock, as important as Chess Records was to blues and soul music, Chicago’s Wax Trax imprint was just as significant to the punk rock, new wave and industrial genres. The original label was purchased in 1992 by TVT Records, in 2014, it was re-established by Julia Nash. The record store became a record label slowly at first, initially releasing limited edition records such as Brian Enos Wimoweh/Deadly Seven Finns seven inch, release was Strike Unders Immediate Action twelve inch EP in 1980, followed by Divines Born To Be Cheap seven inch. Among the most noteworthy artists released by Wax Trax, the label also released a bevy of side projects by Al Jourgensen and Paul Barker of Ministry, including Revolting Cocks, Acid Horse, Pailhead, PTP, Lead into Gold, and 1000 Homo DJs. Nash and Flesher licensed a number of recordings from Play It Again Sam of Belgium, Play It Again Sam, in turn, oversaw the operation of Wax Trax. Europe, although it closed abruptly when the relationship between the labels ended acrimoniously in the early 1990s, Play It Again Sam U. S. A. was subsequently absorbed by Caroline Records. Following a bankruptcy filing, Wax Trax. was bought by New York-based TVT Records in 1992, with Nash, TVT continued to use the Wax Trax. imprint for years, even after Nashs death from AIDS-related complications on October 10,1995. In 1994 TVT released Black Box - Wax Trax, Records, The First 13 Years under the Wax Trax. label. It was a 3-CD box set compilation of the labels biggest hits, mr. Nash is survived by his two children, Julia and Aaron Nash. Julia Nash owns and maintains the website titled WaxTraxChicago. com, The Official Family Site dedicated to the memory of Jim Nash / Dannie Flesher, on January 10,2011 WaxTraxChicago. com announced “Wax Trax. The Retrospectacle was the 33 & 1/3 year Wax Trax, however, while we are both in no way associated with this event, we want to make it clear that we do support the good works of the charity involved and honor the memory of Wax Trax. Founders Jim Nash and Dannie Flesher, in mid-June 2014, Jim Nashs daughter Julia Nash reopened Wax Trax. Records with the release of a 12-inch single from Cocksure and this was followed shortly afterward with the release of a 7-inch single for Front 242. This was accompanied by a store in Chicagos Cabaret Metro music venue on June 15. Historical site by Julia Nash Wax Trax, Records, the original Denver record store Wax Trax
26.
Robert Fripp
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Robert Fripp is an English guitarist, composer and record producer. As a guitarist for the rock band King Crimson, Fripp has been the only member to have played in all of King Crimsons line-ups from their inception in the late 1960s to the present. He has also worked extensively as a musician, notably with singer David Bowie on the albums Heroes and Scary Monsters, Brian Eno. His complete discography lists more than seven hundred releases over four decades and he is ranked 62nd on Rolling Stone magazines 2011 list of the 100 Greatest Guitarists of All Time after having been ranked by David Fricke 42nd on its 2003 list. Tied with Andrés Segovia, he also is ranked 47th on Gibsons Top 50 guitarists of all time and his compositions often feature unusual time signatures, which have been influenced by classical and folk traditions. His innovations have included Frippertronics, soundscapes, and new standard tuning, the son of an estate agent from a working-class background, Robert Fripp was born in Wimborne Minster, Dorset, England. On Christmas Day 1957, aged 11, he got a cheap guitar from his parents. At this time he was influenced by modern jazz players and composers as Charlie Parker. Despite his jazz inclinations, Fripps first band was a band called The Ravens, formed in 1961 when he was 15 and also featuring schoolmates Graham Wale, Gordon Haskell. By 1964, aged 17, Fripp made the decision to become a professional musician, for a while, Fripp played guitar in the Chewton Glen Hotel with a jazz band called The Douglas Ward Trio. Soon afterwards, he formed a rock and roll band called The League of Gentlemen, in addition to Fripp on guitar, the lineup of the 1964 League of Gentlemen included his former Ravens bandmates Gordon Haskell and Tino Licinio, plus Stan Levy and Reg Matthews. He subsequently spent three years playing light jazz in the Majestic Dance Orchestra at the Bournemouth Majestic Hotel. At age 21, going home from college late at night. Galvanized by the experience, he went on to listen to Sgt, peppers Lonely Hearts Club Band, Béla Bartóks string quartets, Antonín Dvořáks New World Symphony, Are You Experienced and John Mayall & the Bluesbreakers. Many years later, Fripp would recall that all the dialects are different. Seeking to develop a creative musical career, Fripp responded to an advertisement placed by Bournemouth brothers Peter Giles and Michael Giles. Despite being neither of these things, Fripp successfully auditioned for the brothers, though ultimately unsuccessful as a live act, the band gained some attention following the release of two singles as well as an album. The band was tipped for stardom but broke up at the end of its first American tour in 1969
27.
Trey Gunn
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Trey Gunn is an American musician, known for his membership in progressive rock band King Crimson from 1994 to 2003, playing Warr Guitar and Chapman Stick. A native Texan who now resides in Seattle, Washington, Gunn began his life at the age of seven playing classical piano. His interest in music grew through various instruments, electric bass, electric and acoustic guitar, keyboards, and he moved to Eugene, Oregon, and played in punk bands while he completed a degree in classical music composition at the University of Oregon. He then moved to New York City where his career began. He spent some time as a student of Guitar Craft with founder Robert Fripp and appeared on several Robert Fripp and they recorded and released one album in 1991 entitled Kneeling at the Shrine. In the same year and with the SAOTW line up, he also played stick on the solo Toyah album Ophelias Shadow, produced by Toyah who was to later guest on his album, The Third Star. In 1992, he was asked to join David Sylvian and Robert Fripp in a project that toured the United States, Europe. The band released The First Day and Damage – a live recording from the Royal Albert Hall in London, during this period Gunn also recorded his first solo album One Thousand Years. In 1994, Gunn joined King Crimson, with King Crimson he played Chapman Stick and subsequently diverse types of Warr guitar and was part of the double trio formation opposite Tony Levin. In 1997, King Crimson fragmented into smaller configurations known as the ProjeKcts, Gunn, along with Fripp, participated in all of the ProjeKcts performances and recordings. In 1999, the group mutated into a four-piece – Belew, Fripp, Gunn and he left Crimson after The Power to Believe tour in 2003. Over the course of his decade with the group he participated in thirty-three King Crimson CDs and he has released a number of solo albums, as Trey Gunn and as the leader of The Trey Gunn Band. Years of working with broad-necked instruments like the Warr guitar affected Gunn physically and this has led him to working with the guitar in a horizontal position across the lap and to the practice of Aikido. In 2003, Gunn founded the multi-media group Quodia with Joe Mendelson where he contributed more vocals than in previous projects, in 2004, he and Pat Mastelotto started collaborating with Kimmo Pohjonen and Samuli Kosminen, forming KTU out of their respective duos TU and Kluster. In 2012, he working with Jerry Marotta in the group The Security Project
28.
Scott McCaughey
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Scott Lewis McCaughey is an American singer and songwriter and the leader of the Seattle and Portland-based bands The Young Fresh Fellows and The Minus 5. He is also bassist for Robyn Hitchcocks most recent touring band, The Venus 3, along with Bill Rieflin, in June 2003 Scott recorded a song with Moween at the IDQ studio in Utrecht, called Move on. In 2008, McCaughey formed the side band The Baseball Project with Buck, Steve Wynn and their first album, Volume 1, Frozen Ropes and Dying Quails, celebrates many aspects of baseball culture, and includes a song in tribute to Pittsburgh Pirates pitcher Harvey Haddix. From 1994 through 2011, he worked with R. E. M. both on stage and in the studio, while originally brought on as a second guitarist for the Monster tour, McCaughey remained with R. E. M. in various capacities until the bands dissolution. He contributed to the studio albums New Adventures in Hi-Fi, Up, Reveal, Around the Sun, Accelerate, additionally, he has received credits for his work on the live albums R. E. M. Live and Live at The Olympia album as well as their 2003 greatest hits collection, McCaughey played guitar, bass guitar, keyboards, and sang backing vocals. McCaughey also plays in Tuatara, a group which features Peter Buck from R. E. M. Universal Trendsetter – A Scott McCaughey fansite
29.
Sascha Konietzko
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Sascha Konietzko, also known as Sascha K and Käptn K, is a German musician and producer. He is the founder, frontman, and anchor of industrial band KMFDM, Konietzko jokingly purports himself to be the father of industrial rock. Keyboard Magazine wrote of him, You wont find a more imaginative or effective keyboardist on the hard-core scene, Konietzko is best known for his role as frontman of KMFDM. Having founded the group as an art project in 1984, he is the only member of KMFDM to appear on every release. His main instruments are keyboards and drums, although he is proficient at playing guitar. Sascha Konietzko lived in the United States from 1991 to 2007, dividing his time among Chicago, New York City, Konietzko and Lucia Cifarelli married in 2005
30.
Peter Buck
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Peter Lawrence Buck is an American musician and songwriter who is best known as co-founder and lead guitarist of the alternative rock band R. E. M. Throughout his career with R. E. M. as well as during his subsequent solo career, Buck has also been at various times an official member of numerous side project groups. These groups included Hindu Love Gods, The Minus 5, Tuatara, The Baseball Project, Robyn Hitchcock, richard M. Nixon consists of Buck, Scott McCaughey and Bill Rieflin, the same three musicians who comprise The Venus 3. After spending time in Los Angeles and San Francisco, the Buck family moved to Atlanta, after graduating with honors from Crestwood High School in 1975, Buck attended Emory University and joined Delta Tau Delta fraternity. He eventually dropped out of Emory, Buck moved to Athens, Georgia, and attended the University of Georgia as well. While in Athens, Buck worked at the Wuxtry Records store, Bucks style of guitar playing is simple and yet distinctive. He makes wide use of strings while chording to create chiming. His sound, especially on mid-period R. E. M, albums that saw the band break through to international popularity, has been associated with Rickenbacker guitars, particularly a Jetglo model 360. He has also used a variety of other instruments as the group has continued to experiment. Releases prior to Accelerate, his guitar parts have been less prominent, when Peter plays guitar, theres a strong sense of fuck off that comes from his side of the stage. And you feel that he wants to be in a band because he likes what they do, but thats all, explained U2s lead singer Bono in 2003. And its almost like performing and having to deal with all of that is a bit of a compromise for him, and I like that energy a little bit, and that gives them their aggression. Buck has produced bands, including Uncle Tupelo, Dreams So Real, The Fleshtones, Charlie Pickett. Buck also has made contributions on other musicians albums, including The Replacements, Billy Bragg, The Decemberists, Robyn Hitchcock. Peter, Mike Mills, Bill Berry and Warren Zevon recorded an album under the band name Hindu Love Gods, bandmates and Zevon were recording tracks for Zevons 1987 album Sentimental Hygiene. Hindu Love Gods is one of names the members of R. E. M. have used performing around the Athens area. The three instrumentalists from R. E. M. all performed on Nikki Suddens 1991 album The Jewel Thief, Buck also coproduced the 1992 Vigilantes of Love album, Killing Floor, with songwriter Mark Heard. He co-wrote, produced, and performed on Mark Eitzels 1997 album West and he recorded an EP with Keith Streng of The Fleshtones as Full Time Men in 1985, and along with R. E. M
31.
Bass guitar
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The bass guitar is a stringed instrument played primarily with the fingers or thumb, by plucking, slapping, popping, strumming, tapping, thumping, or picking with a plectrum, often known as a pick. The bass guitar is similar in appearance and construction to a guitar, but with a longer neck and scale length. The four-string bass, by far the most common, is tuned the same as the double bass. The bass guitar is an instrument, as it is notated in bass clef an octave higher than it sounds to avoid excessive ledger lines. Like the electric guitar, the guitar has pickups and it is plugged into an amplifier and speaker on stage, or into a larger PA system using a DI unit. Since the 1960s, the guitar has largely replaced the double bass in popular music as the bass instrument in the rhythm section. While types of basslines vary widely from one style of music to another, many styles of music utilise the bass guitar, including rock, heavy metal, pop, punk rock, country, reggae, gospel, blues, symphonic rock, and jazz. It is often a solo instrument in jazz, jazz fusion, Latin, funk, progressive rock and other rock, the adoption of a guitar form made the instrument easier to hold and transport than any of the existing stringed bass instruments. The addition of frets enabled bassists to play in more easily than on acoustic or electric upright basses. Around 100 of these instruments were made during this period, around 1947, Tutmarcs son, Bud, began marketing a similar bass under the Serenader brand name, prominently advertised in the nationally distributed L. D. Heater Music Company wholesale jobber catalogue of 1948, however, the Tutmarc family inventions did not achieve market success. In the 1950s, Leo Fender, with the help of his employee George Fullerton and his Fender Precision Bass, which began production in October 1951, became a widely copied industry standard. This split pickup, introduced in 1957, appears to have been two mandolin pickups, the pole pieces and leads of the coils were reversed with respect to each other, producing a humbucking effect. Humbucking is a design that electrically cancels the effect of any AC hum, the Fender Bass was a revolutionary new instrument, which could be easily transported, and which was less prone to feedback when amplified than acoustic bass instruments. Monk Montgomery was the first bass player to tour with the Fender bass guitar, roy Johnson, and Shifty Henry with Louis Jordan & His Tympany Five, were other early Fender bass pioneers. Bill Black, playing with Elvis Presley, switched from bass to the Fender Precision Bass around 1957. The bass guitar was intended to appeal to guitarists as well as upright bass players, following Fenders lead, in 1953, Gibson released the first short scale violin-shaped electric bass with extendable end pin, allowing it to be played upright or horizontally. In 1959 these were followed by the more conventional-looking EB-0 Bass, the EB-0 was very similar to a Gibson SG in appearance
32.
WTF?!
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WTF. is the seventeenth studio album by German industrial band KMFDM, released on April 26,2011, on KMFDM Records and Metropolis Records. The regular line-up of Sascha Konietzko, Lucia Cifarelli, Jules Hodgson, Andy Selway, the album took about twice as long as usual for the band to produce, and underwent a significant amount of modification during its recording. WTF. reached No.8 on Billboards Dance/Electronic Albums chart and its first single, Krank, hit No.15 on the Billboard Singles chart, while its second, Amnesia, hit No.3 on the Deutsche Alternative Charts. Critics were generally positive about the album, and while some felt the album was relatively creative. Band leader Sascha Konietzko first mentioned a new album that would feature a slew of guest musicians in March 2010, former collaborator Bill Rieflin returned to help with WTF. and Koichi Fukuda also added guitar work. William Wilson, who had performed vocals on Day of Light. In an interview in September 2010, Konietzko said the new album would be named Zilch, the name of the forthcoming album was also revealed to have been changed to WTF. around the same time. Konietzko explained in an April 2011 interview that the album had taken fourteen months to complete, the song Panzerfaust marks the first time the band has written a song with Italian lyrics, and is a translation of Liebeslied from the bands 1990 album Naïve. The song Death and Burial of C. R. is lyrically based on the English nursery rhyme Who Killed Cock Robin, includes the lyrics aces and eights, a reference to Wild Bill Hickoks last hand. The concept for the cover was conceived jointly by Konietzko and longtime band associate. Hughes stated that he achieved a similar to the angelic look of Renaissance paintings of the Madonna with the artwork. The albums first single, Krank, was released March 8,2011, WTF. was released on April 26,2012, and reached No.8 on Billboards Dance/Electronic Albums chart on May 14,2011. It also debuted at No.1 on the iTunes Electronic Album chart, the song Amnesia was released as a single on May 22,2012. It peaked at No.3 on the Deutsche Alternative Charts in mid-July, the band toured North America in support of the album in August 2011, with Wilson accompanying the band as a guest vocalist. A longer tour of Europe took place in October and November, WTF. received very positive reviews, with critics split over whether the album broke new ground compared to previous releases. Some felt the album explored new musical territory, trey Spencer of Sputnikmusic praised the album and the bands creativity, saying KMFDM had stepped outside of their comfort zone by. Opening up to a little experimentation, william Dashiell Hammett of COMA Music Magazine was strongly complimentary, saying, The level of musicianship and creativity shown on this album is breathtaking. Most critics felt KMFDM stayed close to its sound on WTF
33.
The Minus 5
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The Minus 5 is an American pop rock band, headed by musician Scott McCaughey and most frequently featuring R. E. M. Formed in 1993, McCaughey designed the Minus 5 as a pop collective and their full-length debut album Old Liquidator was released in 1995, and the Minus 5s lineup consisted of McCaughey, Buck, and Jon Auer and Ken Stringfellow of The Posies. After releasing Old Liquidator on East Side Digital, the group reconvened in late 1996 to record their Hollywood Records debut, The Lonesome Death of Buck McCoy, also in 1996, McCaugheys 1989 solo album My Chartreuse Opinion was reissued by Hollywood as a Minus 5 album. Yep Roc later issued an EP dominated by Down With Wilco outtakes, At the Organ, and reissued In Rock, the Minus 5 appeared on John Wesley Hardings 2009 release, Who Was Changed and Who Was Dead and released Killingsworth later that year. In 2012 recorded a version of the 1976 hit single by the Sutherland Brothers, the band played at SXSW in 2013. In January 2017 The Minus 5 joined Alejandro Escovedo for a short tour, for each concert Scott McCaughey, Kurt Bloch, Peter Buck, and John Moen played one set as the Minus Five, and then a second set backing Escovedo, sometimes with Kelly Hogan, too. All of them had performed on Escovedos 2016 album Burn Something Beautiful, for which Escovedo, McCaughey. The Minus Five - A Hello selection Dec.93 - Jan.94
34.
Bouzouki
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A mainstay of modern Greek music, the front of the body is flat and is usually heavily inlaid with mother-of-pearl. The instrument is played with a plectrum and has a metallic sound, reminiscent of a mandolin. There are two types of bouzouki. The trichordo has three pairs of strings, and the tetrachordo has four pairs of strings and it is in the same instrumental family as the mandolin and the lute. The type of the instrument used in Rembetika music was a three-stringed instrument, the Greek bouzouki is a plucked musical instrument of the lute family, called the thabouras or tambouras family. The tambouras has existed in ancient Greece as pandoura, and can be found in sizes, shapes, depths of body, lengths of neck. The bouzouki and the baglamas are the direct descendants, the Greek marble relief, known as the Mantineia Base, dating from 330-320 BC, shows a muse playing a variant of the pandoura. From Byzantine times it was called pandouras and then tambouras, on display in the National Historical Museum of Greece is the tambouras of a hero of the Greek revolution of 1821, General Makriyiannis. Other sizes have appeared and include the Greek instrument tzouras, an instrument smaller in size than standard bouzouki, following the 1919–1922 war in Asia Minor and the subsequent exchange of populations between Greece and Turkey, the ethnic Greeks fled to Greece. The early bouzoukia were mostly three-string, with three courses and were tuned in different ways, as to the scale one wanted to play, at the end of the 1950s, four-course bouzoukia started to gain popularity. The four-course bouzouki was made popular by Manolis Chiotis, who used a tuning akin to standard guitar tuning. However it allowed for greater virtuosity and helped elevate the bouzouki into a popular instrument capable of a wide range of musical expression. Recently the 3 course bouzouki has gained in popularity, the first recording with the 4-course instrument was made in 1956. This is the style of bouzouki, introduced around 1900. It has fixed frets and 6 strings in three pairs, in the lower-pitched course, the pair consists of a thick wound string and a thin string, tuned an octave apart. The conventional modern tuning of the bouzouki is D3 D4•A3 A3•D4 D4. This tuning was called the European tuning by Markos Vamvakaris, who mentioned several other tunings, or douzenia, the illustrated bouzouki was made by Karolos Tsakirian of Athens, and is a replica of a trichordo bouzouki made by his grandfather for Markos Vamvakaris. The absence of the heavy mother-of-pearl ornamentation often seen on modern bouzoukia is typical of bouzoukia of the period and it has tuners for eight strings, but has only six strings, the neck being too narrow for eight
35.
Keyboard instrument
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A keyboard instrument is a musical instrument played using a keyboard. The most common of these are the piano, organ, and various keyboards, including synthesizers. Other keyboard instruments include celestas, which are struck idiophones operated by a keyboard, and carillons, today, the term keyboard often refers to keyboard-style synthesizers. Another important use of the keyboard is in historical musicology. Particularly in the 18th century, the harpsichord, the clavichord, and the piano were in competition. Hence in a phrase like Mozart excelled as a player the word keyboard is usefully noncommittal. The earliest known keyboard instrument was the Ancient Greek hydraulis, a type of pipe organ, the keys were likely balanced and could be played with a light touch, as is clear from the reference in a Latin poem by Claudian, who says magna levi detrudens murmura tactu. Intent, that is “let him thunder forth as he presses out mighty roarings with a light touch”, from its invention until the fourteenth century, the organ remained the only keyboard instrument. Often, the organ did not feature a keyboard at all, almost every keyboard until the fifteenth century had seven naturals to each octave. The clavichord and the harpsichord appeared during the 14th century—the clavichord probably being earlier, the harpsichord and clavichord were both common until widespread adoption of the piano in the 18th century, after which their popularity decreased. The piano was revolutionary, because a pianist could vary the volume of the sound by varying the vigor with which each key was struck. The pianos full name is gravicèmbalo con piano e forte meaning harpsichord with soft and loud but can be shortened to piano-forte, which means soft-loud in Italian. In its current form, the piano is a product of the late 19th century, in fact, the modern piano is significantly different from even the 19th-century pianos used by Liszt, Chopin, and Brahms. See Piano history and musical performance, keyboard instruments were further developed in the early twentieth century. Early electromechanical instruments, such as the Ondes Martenot, appeared early in the century and this was a very important contribution to the keyboards history. Much effort has gone into creating an instrument that sounds like the piano but lacks its size, the electric piano and electronic piano were early efforts that, while useful instruments in their own right, did not convincingly reproduce the timbre of the piano. Electric and electronic organs were developed during the same period, more recent electronic keyboard designs strive to emulate the sound of specific make and model pianos using digital samples and computer models. Concerns celebrated keyboard players and the various instruments used over the centuries
36.
Guitar
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The guitar is a musical instrument classified as a fretted string instrument with anywhere from four to 18 strings, usually having six. The sound is projected either acoustically, using a wooden or plastic and wood box, or through electrical amplifier. It is typically played by strumming or plucking the strings with the fingers, the guitar is a type of chordophone, traditionally constructed from wood and strung with either gut, nylon or steel strings and distinguished from other chordophones by its construction and tuning. There are three types of modern acoustic guitar, the classical guitar, the steel-string acoustic guitar, and the archtop guitar. The tone of a guitar is produced by the strings vibration, amplified by the hollow body of the guitar. The term finger-picking can also refer to a tradition of folk, blues, bluegrass. The acoustic bass guitar is an instrument that is one octave below a regular guitar. Early amplified guitars employed a body, but a solid wood body was eventually found more suitable during the 1960s and 1970s. As with acoustic guitars, there are a number of types of guitars, including hollowbody guitars, archtop guitars and solid-body guitars. The electric guitar has had a influence on popular culture. The guitar is used in a variety of musical genres worldwide. It is recognized as an instrument in genres such as blues, bluegrass, country, flamenco, folk, jazz, jota, mariachi, metal, punk, reggae, rock, soul. The term is used to refer to a number of chordophones that were developed and used across Europe, beginning in the 12th century and, later, in the Americas. The modern word guitar, and its antecedents, has applied to a wide variety of chordophones since classical times. Many influences are cited as antecedents to the modern guitar, at least two instruments called guitars were in use in Spain by 1200, the guitarra latina and the so-called guitarra morisca. The guitarra morisca had a back, wide fingerboard. The guitarra Latina had a sound hole and a narrower neck. By the 14th century the qualifiers moresca or morisca and latina had been dropped, and it had six courses, lute-like tuning in fourths and a guitar-like body, although early representations reveal an instrument with a sharply cut waist
37.
Toyah Willcox
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Toyah Ann Willcox is an English singer and actress. Between 1977 and 1983 she fronted the band Toyah, before embarking on a career in the mid-1980s. Her biggest hits include Its a Mystery, Thunder in the Mountains, Willcox was born in Kings Heath, Birmingham. Her father Beric Willcox ran a successful business and owned three factories. Her mother Barbara Joy, née Rollinson, was a dancer with whom he fell in love after seeing her on stage in Weston-super-Mare with Flanagan and Allen. Barbara had to give up her career after giving birth to Nicola and Kim, Willcoxs older sister and brother, respectively. Asked why her parents might have called her so, Willcox said in a 1981 interview, I dont know, they wont tell me, there is a town in Texas, called Toyah, and Toyah in Red Indian means water. My parents deny thats where they got it from, Willcox was born with a twisted spine, clawed feet, a clubbed right foot, one leg two inches shorter than the other and no hip sockets. Because of this she endured years of operations and physiotherapy. Her physical condition was a cause of difficult times at school, when I was bullied at school, it was coz of my character. I was a child, I was incredibly small. I had an impediment, I was the perfect bait for bullying. My dad took me out the back and taught how to punch the hell out of someone and from then on I was never bullied again, Willcox recalled. Years later she described her relationship with her mother as complicated, saying she hasnt hugged her mother since she was 12, however, later she gave much credit to her parents. I never suffered lack of money in any way, not because of my parents, anyway. They wanted the best for me, like all parents do for their children and they wanted me to have a very good education, to be a polite child, to be taught good manners and have a future, she recalled in 1980. Willcox remembered that until aged seven she was close to her mother, if only for being very ill. Then Barbara had another child, a daughter called Fleur, who died, when she came home from hospital there was a bit of a distance between us
38.
Hector Zazou
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Hector Zazou was a prolific French composer and record producer who worked with, produced, and collaborated with an international array of recording artists. Zazou first came to attention as part of the ZNR duo with Joseph Racaille. Their 1976 debut album Barricades 3 was notable for its strong Satie influence, stripped to minimal essentials and his discography demonstrates his affinity for cross-cultural collaborations, and incorporated modern techniques and sounds in re-recordings of traditional material. He was influenced by Peter Gabriels album Passion, Music for The Last Temptation of Christ in his fusion of musical polarities on his own album Les Nouvelles Polyphonies Corses, Zazou regarded his work during the 1980s as his time of apprenticeship in the studio. On his 1986 album, Reivax au Bongo, he experimented with fusing classical vocals with an electronic backdrop, on his 1989 album, Géologies, he combined electronic music with a string quartet. The albums that he has released under his own name from the 1990s onwards are usually concept albums that draw from literary or folk sources and revolve around a specific theme. The collection of songs on each album assemble contributions from a diverse and global range of pop, folk, world music, avant-garde, zazous 1992 offering, Sahara Blue, was based on an idea by Jacques Pasquier. Pasquier suggested Zazou commemorate the 100th anniversary of the death of author Arthur Rimbaud by setting music to Rimbauds poetry, contributions included spoken word from Gérard Depardieu, Dominique Dalcan and music by Brendan Perry and Lisa Gerrard of Dead Can Dance, Tim Simenon, and David Sylvian. He even adapted a traditional Ethiopian song, in 1994, he released the album Chansons des mers froides. The album was based on ocean-themed traditional folk songs from northern countries, such as Canada, Finland, Iceland, musicians included Mark Isham, Brendan Perry, Budgie and the Balanescu Quartet. A cameraman accompanied Zazou on the project and they shot and recorded in Alaska, Canada, Greenland, Japan, Scandinavia, the single The Long Voyage was the only song to be an original composition from Zazou. He wrote it in gratitude to his record company Sony who gave him complete artistic liberty, performed by Suzanne Vega and John Cale, it was released as a single in 1995. The single featured remixes by Mad Professor as well as Zazou himself and his 1998 album, Lights in the Dark, showcased ancient Celtic music sung by Irish singers. Zazous collaborative 2000 album 12 with Sandy Dillon was regarded as a financial and critical failure, in the book Sonora Portraits 2, which accompanies the CD Strong Currents, Zazou says that 12 was his most elaborate album. He describes it as a work of humour and regards his instrumental composition Sombre on the album as one of his best songs ever. Musicians included Ryuichi Sakamoto, Dennis Rea, Bill Rieflin and Archaea Strings, the album took six years to complete. Zazou was a member of the musical collective named Slow Music, the lineup also included Robert Fripp and Peter Buck on guitars, Fred Chalenor on bass, Matt Chamberlain on drums, and Bill Rieflin on keyboards and percussion. He contributed electronics to the groups music, zazous last projects are documented on the Music Operator interactive multimedia web site, which graphically documents his collaborations while in the background his music plays
39.
KatieJane Garside
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Katrina Jane Garside is an English singer, songwriter, visual artist, and writer. She rose to prominence as the lead vocalist of the noise rock band Daisy Chainsaw. After quitting the band in 1993, she would reunite with Gray in 1999 to form the band Queenadreena and she has also written and released material with her project Ruby Throat, a collaboration with Chris Whittingham, since 2007. Garside has also worked in art, film and photography. In late 2007, her exhibition Darling, theyve found the body was shown at Woom gallery in Birmingham and she has previously exhibited, in 2005, at the Institute of Contemporary Arts in London, Queenadreena also recorded their first live album there, Live at the ICA. Throughout her musical career, Garside has become known for her manic onstage behaviour. Garside was born on 8 July 1968 in Buckrose, East Riding of Yorkshire, Garside has said that her parents grew up all over the world, and that up until she was seventeen, she also lived in various countries with them. She spent much of her living on a yacht before settling in London in her early adulthood. Her father had a background, playing in bands in London. Garside formed Daisy Chainsaw in 1989 after responding to an advert in a newspaper by guitarist Crispin Gray, bassist Richard Adams joined the band, along with Canadian drummer Vince Johnson. The group quickly became well-known for their live performances, featuring Garside drilling doll heads onstage. The bands raucous concerts would sometimes result in Garside performing self-mutliation onstage, Garsides look was described as a Gothic street urchin image, complete with dead flowers meshed into her dreadlocked hair. In a review of one of the concerts in 1991. The band released Eleventeen in 1992, which would be their only album before Garside left the band in 1993. The album spawned Love Your Money, which was the bands most popular single, Love Your Money reached number 26 in the UK Singles Chart in February 1992. The band toured the United Kingdom with Hole and Mudhoney to promote the album prior to its release, and Garside drew comparisons from British press to Holes frontwoman Courtney Love. Love allegedly cited Garside as one of the first true riot grrls in 1991, Garside never associated herself with the movement, after Garside left Daisy Chainsaw, she disappeared from the public eye and music scene, going into seclusion. Due to her manic onstage histrionics and bizarre behaviour in interviews, in spite of the rumours of purported seclusion, Garside was given a credit in the liner notes of the 1993 Frostbite album, Second Coming
40.
The Great Annihilator
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The Great Annihilator is the ninth studio album by American experimental rock band Swans. It was released on January 23,1995, through record label Young God, the album has since been described by Gira as a companion album to his solo album Drainland, the two will be remastered and re-released in April 2017. The Great Annihilator received a positive reception from critics, though was seen in a less favourable light to the bands previous work. AllMusic called the album an epic, incredible work of art, trouser Press, on the other hand, wrote that the album reveals that the band is running out of ideas, commenting that is unlikely to satisfy long-term followers. A more accessible Swans may also be a less cathartic one, all songs by Michael Gira except My Buried Child and Out
41.
My Father Will Guide Me up a Rope to the Sky
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My Father Will Guide Me up a Rope to the Sky is the eleventh studio album by Swans released on September 23,2010, it is their first studio recording in 14 years. My Father Will Guide Me up a Rope to the Sky has received critical feedback for the return of Swans as well as the rich spiritual themes of the lyrics. In a 2009 interview, Gira hinted at the prospect of resurrecting the Swans project, Gira handmade 1,000 copies of that album to fund the new Swans recordings. After Gira financed the album sales of I Am Not Insane. Each song—with the exception of You Fucking People Make Me Sick—was recorded in 12-hour daily studio sessions that culminated in nighttime overdubs, Gira contacted Italian artist Beatrice Pediconi to handle all of the artwork for the album after seeing her pieces in Harpers Magazine. The special edition of the album has a cover that mirrors the album artwork of I Am Not Insane, may I find my way to the reason to come home/ May I find my way to the foot of your throne. Giras interest in spirituality developed with this album and his goal was to music, to elevate, to make you levitate, almost like having it erase your body. Tour dates were slated to be performed in the United States and Europe, including headlining the Supersonic Festival in October 2010, Gira also remixed the album with the intention of selling that version on tour and through the bands website. My Father Will Guide Me up a Rope to the Sky is rated an 83 with universal acclaim by Metacritic, BBC Music has declared it a majestic return and, let us hope, a harbinger of more to come. The Big Takeover has remarked that the album all of the original bands many moods. In its December issue, The Wire listed My Father Will Guide Me up a Rope to the Sky as the third best album of 2010
42.
Crocodile Cafe
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The Crocodile is a music club at 2200 2nd Avenue at Blanchard Street in the neighborhood of Belltown in Seattle, Washington, United States. Opened as the Crocodile Cafe on April 30,1991 by Stephanie Dorgan and it closed on December 15,2007, and reopened on March 18,2009. The venues first show featured The Posies and Love Battery, the last, Robin Pecknold, J. Tillman, scenes from the 1995 Jennifer Jason Leigh film Georgia were shot at the venue. After opening the Crocodile Cafe, owner Stephanie Dorgan later married R. E. M, guitarist Peter Buck, who became a partner in the Crocodile. Buck often played there with his band, The Minus 5. Dorgan and Buck divorced in 2006 and the Croc closed unexpectedly in December 2007, re-opening The closing of the Crocodile Cafe, a fixture of the local music scene, caused widespread speculation in regard to the future of the establishment. After months of speculation, a group of people and musicians including Alice in Chains Sean Kinney. The new owners renamed it The Crocodile and reopened it in March 2009 after much-needed renovation, on October 9,2013, R&B singer JoJo performed Smells Like Teen Spirit during the final stop of her West Coast promotional tour. Official website The Stranger, The Crocodile Opens This Thurs
43.
Jeremy Stacey
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Jeremy Stacey is a British drummer. His early work included the 1990s band, The Lemon Trees, in 2011 he recorded with Ryan Adams on Ashes & Fire, and again on Ryan Adams in 2014. He was also part of Noel Gallaghers High Flying Birds and he played on the Squackett album. On 7 March 2016 it was announced that he would be taking the place of Bill Rieflin as the drummer on the 2016 King Crimson European tour. Jeremy Stacey at the Internet Movie Database
