Birkeland–Eyde process
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The Birkeland–Eyde process was one of the competing industrial processes in the beginning of nitrogen-based fertilizer production. It is a multi-step nitrogen fixation reaction that uses electrical ar
Reactor used in Rjukan from 1916 to 1940 having a capacity of 3000 kW (outside Norwegian Museum of Science and Technology)
One type of reactor used at Rjukan from 1912 to 1940 now located in a park in Rjukan
Reactor Building II behind the Såheim Hydroelectric Power Station in which 35 Birkeland-Eyde reactors were installed requiring 3000 kW each
Ostwald process
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The Ostwald process is a chemical process used for making nitric acid. The Ostwald process is a mainstay of the modern chemical industry, and it provides the main raw material for the most common type
Birkeland–Eyde process
…in terms of energy consumption. Therefore, in the 1910s and 1920s, it was gradually replaced in Norway by a combination of the Haber process and the Ostwald process. The Haber process produces ammonia (NH3) from molecular nitrogen (N2) and hydrogen (H2), the latter usually but not necessarily produced by steam…
A laboratory setup illustrating the consecutive steps of the Ostwald process for making nitric acid.