1.
Public university
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A public university is a university that is predominantly funded by public means through a national or subnational government, as opposed to private universities. Whether a national university is considered public varies from one country to another, in Egypt, Al-Azhar University opened in 975 AD as the second oldest university in the world. In Nigeria Public Universities can be established by both the Federal Government and by State Governments, students are enrolled after completing the 8-4-4 system of education and attaining a mark of C+ or above. They are also eligible for a low interest loan from the Higher Education Loan Board and they are expected to pay back the loan after completing higher education. South Africa has 23 public tertiary institutions, either categorised as a traditional university or a comprehensive university. Almost entire national universities in Brunei are public universities and these are major universities in Brunei, University of Brunei Darussalam Brunei Technological University Sultan Sharif Ali Islamic University There are 40 public universities in Bangladesh. The University Grant Commission is the body for all the public universities in Bangladesh. The universities do not deal directly with the government, but with the University Grants Commission, recently many private universities are established under the Private University Act of 1992. In mainland China, nearly all universities and research institutions are public and currently, the public universities are usually run by the provincial governments, there are also circumstances where the municipal governments administer the universities. Some public universities are national, which are administered by the central government. Private undergraduate colleges do exist, which are vocational colleges sponsored by private enterprises. The majority of universities are not entitled to award bachelors degrees. Public universities usually enjoy higher reputation domestically, eight institutions are funded by the University Grants Committee. The Academy for Performing Arts also receives funding from the government, the Open University of Hong Kong is also a public university, but it is largely self-financed. The Shue Yan University is the private institution with the status of a university. There are public and private institutes in Indonesia. The government provide public universities, institutes, high schools and academies in each province, the private educational institution usually provided by religious organizations, public organizations, and some big companies. In India, most universities and nearly all research institutions are public, There are some private undergraduate colleges, mostly engineering schools, but a majority of these are affiliated to public universities
2.
Lincoln, England
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Lincoln is a cathedral city and the county town of Lincolnshire, within the East Midlands of England. The non-metropolitan district of Lincoln has a 2012 population of 94,600, the 2011 census gave the entire urban area of Lincoln a population of 130,200. Lincoln developed from the Roman town of Lindum Colonia, which developed from an Iron Age settlement, Lincolns major landmarks are Lincoln Cathedral, a famous example of English Gothic architecture, and Lincoln Castle, an 11th-century Norman castle. The city is home to the University of Lincoln and Bishop Grosseteste University. See Lincoln City F. C. for Lincoln City Football Club, the earliest origins of Lincoln can be traced to the remains of an Iron Age settlement of round wooden dwellings that have been dated to the 1st century BC. This settlement was built by a pool in the River Witham at the foot of a large hill. The extent of original settlement is unknown as its remains are now buried deep beneath the later Roman and medieval ruins. The Celtic name Lindon was subsequently Latinised to Lindum and given the title Colonia when it was converted into a settlement for army veterans, the conversion to a colonia was made when the legion moved on to York in AD71. It became a flourishing settlement, accessible from the sea both through the River Trent and through the River Witham. Subsequently, however, the town and its waterways fell into decline, by the close of the 5th century the city was largely deserted, although some occupation continued under a Praefectus Civitatis, for Saint Paulinus visited a man of this office in Lincoln in AD629. During this period the Latin name Lindum Colonia was shortened in Old English to become first Lindocolina, after the first destructive Viking raids, the city once again rose to some importance, with overseas trading connections. After the establishment of the Danelaw in 886, Lincoln became one of the Five Boroughs in the East Midlands, excavations at Flaxengate reveal that this area, deserted since Roman times, received new timber-framed buildings fronting a new street system in about 900. Lincoln experienced an explosion in its economy with the settlement of the Danes. By 950, however, the banks of the Witham were newly developed with the Lower City being resettled and the suburb of Wigford quickly emerging as a major trading centre. In 1068, two years after the Norman conquest, William I ordered Lincoln Castle to be built on the site of the former Roman settlement, for the strategic reasons. The rebuilt Lincoln Minster, enlarged to the east at each rebuilding, was on a magnificent scale, its crossing tower crowned by a spire reputed to have been 525 ft high, the highest in Europe. When completed the central of the three spires is widely accepted to have succeeded the Great Pyramids of Egypt as the tallest man-made structure in the world, when Magna Carta was drawn up in 1215, one of the witnesses was Hugh of Wells, Bishop of Lincoln. One of only four surviving originals of the document is preserved in Lincoln Castle, theologian William de Montibus was the head of the cathedral school and chancellor until his death in 1213
3.
Lincolnshire
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Lincolnshire is a county in the east of England. It also borders Northamptonshire in the south for just 20 yards, Englands shortest county boundary, the county town is Lincoln, where the county council has its headquarters. The ceremonial county of Lincolnshire is composed of the county of Lincolnshire. Therefore, part of the county is in the Yorkshire and the Humber region of England. The county is the second-largest of the English ceremonial counties and one that is predominantly agricultural in land use, the county is fifth largest of the two-tier counties, as the unitary authorities of North Lincolnshire and North East Lincolnshire are not included. The county can be broken down into a number of geographical sub-regions including, Lincolnshire derived from the merging of the territory of the ancient Kingdom of Lindsey with that controlled by the Danelaw borough of Stamford. For some time the county was called Lindsey, and it is recorded as such in the 11th-century Domesday Book. In 1888 when county councils were set up, Lindsey, Holland and these survived until 1974, when Holland, Kesteven, and most of Lindsey were unified into Lincolnshire. A local government reform in 1996 abolished Humberside, and the south of the Humber was allocated to the unitary authorities of North Lincolnshire. These two areas became part of Lincolnshire for ceremonial such as the Lord-Lieutenancy, but are not covered by the Lincolnshire police and are in the Yorkshire. The remaining districts of Lincolnshire are Boston, East Lindsey, Lincoln, North Kesteven, South Holland, South Kesteven and they are part of the East Midlands region. Lincolnshire is home to Woolsthorpe Manor, birthplace and home of Sir Isaac Newton and he attended The Kings School, Grantham and its library has preserved his signature, applied to a window sill when he was a teenager. Lincolnshire is an area, growing large amounts of wheat, barley, sugar beet. In South Lincolnshire, where the soil is rich in nutrients, some of the most common crops include potatoes, cabbages, cauliflowers. Most such companies are long gone, and Lincolnshire is no longer an engineering centre, however, as a result of the current economic climate some food production facilities have closed down, this has caused some reduction in the levels of migrant workers. The large number of people from Portugal is still obvious in the town of Boston. A coalition of Conservatives, Liberal Democrats and Independents currently controls Lincolnshire County Council, the Conservative Party comfortably controlled the County Council following the 2009 local elections, in which they increased their majority to 43 seats. The Labour Party lost a total of 15 seats including 7 in Lincoln, the Lincolnshire Independents gained a total of four seats, although one of their number moved to the Conservative group during 2010, increasing the number of Conservative seats to 61
4.
University of Lincoln
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The University of Lincoln is a public research university in the city of Lincoln, England, UK. Lincoln is one of two universities in the city, alongside Bishop Grosseteste University, Lincolns main campus is adjacent to Brayford Pool, the site of urban regeneration in the city since the 1990s, further campuses are located in Riseholme and Holbeach. The Independent described the university as the best thing to happen to Lincoln since the Romans, Lincoln has rapidly moved up in the university rankings, having risen 60 places in 4 years. The Sunday Times newspaper, responsible for The Times Good University Guide, has described the progression as the most dramatic transformation of a university in recent times. In 1992 it was one of the institutions in the UK to become full universities as, briefly. With another change of name to the University of Lincoln in October 2001, the university moved its main campus from Hull to Lincoln in 2002. Opened by Queen Elizabeth II, the main campus in Lincoln was the first new city centre campus to be built in the UK for decades. Caythorpe was later closed permanently and its activities moved to Riseholme, courses held in Grimsby were also moved to Lincoln around this time. In 2012 all Further Education provision was transferred from Riseholme College to Bishop Burton College, Bishop Burton College are now responsible for the Riseholme College to the north of the city. Throughout the late-1990s, the sites in Hull were considerably scaled down as the focus shifted towards Lincoln. Until 2012 the university maintained a campus, the Derek Crothall Building. A smaller campus and student halls on Beverley Road, Hull, were sold for redevelopment. The university is structured as a college based system with each led by a Pro Vice Chancellor. There are three colleges of study, each comprising schools, institutes and research centres, the College of Arts undertakes research, and has a range of undergraduate and postgraduate degrees. The college is home to Siren FM, a community radio station based at the university which broadcasts to the city of Lincoln on 107.3 FM. The school is based in the Art, Architecture and Design Building, the School of English & Journalism is also accredited by the BJTC, making it a nationally recognised course among leading broadcasters, including the BBC, ITV, Channel 4 and Sky News. The School’s research profile includes expertise in Shakespeare and his contemporaries, the Victorian sensation novel, 21st Century fiction, women and the press, the School of Film & Media has earned a strong reputation in league tables for its BA and MA Media Production degrees. It recently upgraded its studios to high definition and The Lincoln Sound Theatre was opened in 2010 by Visiting Professor Trevor Dann
5.
Normal school
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A normal school is a school created to train high school graduates to be teachers. Most such schools are now denominated teachers colleges, the first public normal school in the United States was founded in Concord, Vermont, by Samuel Read Hall in 1823 to train teachers. In 1839, another school was established in the Commonwealth of Massachusetts. It operates today as Framingham State University, in the United States teacher colleges or normal schools began to evolve from their initial mission of training teachers to add programs in the sciences, engineering, technology, health, and business. They started to become universities in the 1940s. For instance, Southern Illinois University was formerly Southern Illinois Normal College, the University is now a system of two campuses of more than 34,000 students, but still issues most of its baccalaureate degrees in education. Further, the town of Normal, Illinois was named from the name of Illinois State University. Many famous state universities, such as the University of California, such a list includes Emporia State University in Emporia, Kansas, which was established as Kansas State Normal School in 1863, and which by 1889 had become the largest normal school in the Nation. In Canada, such institutions were typically assimilated by a university as the latters Faculty of Education and it requires at least three, but usually four, years of prior undergraduate study. The term normal school originated in the early 16th century from the French école normale, the French concept of an école normale was to provide a model school with model classrooms to teach model teaching practices to its student teachers. The children being taught, their teachers, and the teachers of the teachers were often together in the same building, although a laboratory school, it was the official school for the children—primary or secondary. In Finland, normal schools are under national university administration, whereas most schools are administered by the local municipality, Teacher aspirants do most of their compulsory trainee period in normal schools and teach while being supervised by a senior teacher. In France, a system developed since the Revolution, primary school teachers were educated at départemental écoles normales. Nowadays all teachers are educated in École supérieure du professorat et de léducation, the Écoles Normales Supérieures in France and the Scuola Normale Superiore di Pisa in Italy no longer specialize in teacher training. In the United Kingdom, teacher training colleges were once separate institutions, the University of Chester traces its roots back to 1839 as the earliest training college in the United Kingdom. Others were established by religious institutions and were single-sex until World War II, since then, they have either become multi-discipline universities in their own right or merged with another university to become its faculty of education. The latter was one of the last institutions to retain the word Normal in its name, in Lithuania, Lithuanian University of Educational Sciences, former Vilnius Pedagogical University is the main teachers training institution, established in 1935. The terminology is still preserved in the translations of such schools in China since the early 20th century
6.
Robert Grosseteste
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Robert Grosseteste was an English statesman, scholastic philosopher, theologian, scientist and Bishop of Lincoln. He was born of parents at Stradbroke in Suffolk. Upon his death, he was almost universally revered as a saint in England, a. C. Crombie calls him the real founder of the tradition of scientific thought in medieval Oxford, and in some ways, of the modern English intellectual tradition. There is very little evidence about Grossetestes education. He may have received an arts education at Hereford, in light of his connection with the Bishop of Hereford William de Vere in the 1190s. It is fairly certain that Grosseteste was a master by 1192, Grosseteste acquired a position in the bishops household, but at the death of this patron he disappears from the historical record for several years. He appears again in the thirteenth century as a judge-delegate in Hereford. By 1225, he had gained the benefice of Abbotsley in the diocese of Lincoln, on that period in his life, scholarship is divided. However, there is evidence that by 1229/30 he was teaching at Oxford, but on the periphery as the lector in theology to the Franciscans. He remained in this post until March 1235, Grosseteste may also have been appointed Chancellor of the University of Oxford. However, the evidence for this comes from a thirteenth century anecdote whose main claim is that Grosseteste was in fact entitled the master of students. However, after an illness in 1232, he resigned all his benefices. His reasons were due to changing attitudes about the plurality of benefices, as a master of the sacred page, Grosseteste trained the Franciscans in the standard curriculum of university theology. The Franciscan Roger Bacon was his most famous disciple, and acquired an interest in the method from him. Grosseteste lectured on the Psalter, the Pauline epistles, Genesis and he also led disputations on such subjects as the theological nature of truth and the efficacy of the Mosaic Law. Grosseteste also preached at the university and appears to have called to preach within the diocese as well. He collected some of those sermons, along with short notes and reflections, not long after he left Oxford. His theological writings reveal a continual interest in the world as a major resource for theological reflection
7.
Bishop of Lincoln
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The Bishop of Lincoln is the ordinary of the Church of England Diocese of Lincoln in the Province of Canterbury. The present diocese covers the county of Lincolnshire and the unitary authority areas of North Lincolnshire, the bishops seat is located in the Cathedral Church of the Blessed Virgin Mary in the city of Lincoln. The cathedral was originally a church founded around 653 and refounded as a cathedral in 1072. Until the 1530s the bishops were in communion with the Roman Catholic Church. The historic medieval Bishops Palace lies immediately to the south of the cathedral in Palace Yard, managed by English Heritage, an adjacent later residence was converted from office accommodation to reopen in 2009 as a 16-bedroom conference centre and wedding venue. It is now known as Edward King House and provides offices for the Bishops, Archdeacons, the historic Bishop of Dorchester was a prelate who administered the Diocese of Dorchester in the Anglo-Saxon period. The bishops seat, or cathedra, was at the cathedral in Dorchester-on-Thames in Oxfordshire, in the 660s the seat at Dorchester-on-Thames was abandoned, but briefly in the late 670s it was once more a bishops seat under Ætla, under Mercian control. The town of Dorchester again became the seat of a bishop in around 875, the diocese merged with that of Lindsey in 971, the bishops seat was moved to Lincoln in 1072 and thus the Mercian Bishops of Dorchester were succeeded by the Bishops of Lincoln. The first bishops of Leicester were originally prelates who administered an Anglo-Saxon diocese between the 7th and 9th centuries, the bishopric fell victim to the invasion by the Danes and the episcopal see was transferred to Dorchester-on-Thames in Oxfordshire. The dioceses of Lindsey and Leicester continued until the Danish Viking invasions, the see of Leicester was transferred to Dorchester, now in Oxfordshire, sometime between 869 and 888. After an interruption, the see of Lindsey was resumed until it was united with the bishopric of Dorchester in the early 11th century, the diocese was the largest in England, extending from the River Thames to the Humber Estuary. In 1072, Remigius de Fécamp moved the see of Dorchester to Lincoln, because of this historic link, for a long time Banbury remained a peculiar of the Bishop of Lincoln. Until the 1530s the bishops were in communion with the Roman Catholic Church. During the English Reformation they changed their allegiance back and forth between the crown and the papacy, under Henry VIII and Edward VI, the bishops conformed to the Church of England, but under Mary I they adhered to the Roman Catholic Church. Since the English Reformation, the bishops and diocese of Lincoln have been part of the reformed Church of England, the dioceses of Oxford and Peterborough were created in 1541 out of parts of the Diocese of Lincoln. The county of Leicestershire was transferred from Lincoln to Peterborough in 1837, for precursor offices, see Bishop of Lindsey, Bishop of Leicester and Bishop of Dorchester Kirby, D. P
8.
University of Hull
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The University of Hull is a public university in Kingston upon Hull, a city in the East Riding of Yorkshire, England. It was founded in 1927 as University College Hull, the main university campus is located in Hull and is home to the Hull York Medical School, a joint initiative with the University of York. Students are served by Hull University Union, the Universitys Brynmor Jones Library was the workplace of the poet Philip Larkin who served as its Head Librarian for over thirty years. The Philip Larkin Society organises activities in remembrance of Larkin including the Larkin 25 festival which was organised during 2010 in partnership with the University, andrew Motion, another prominent poet, and former poet laureate, also worked at the university. Lord Wilberforce was chancellor of the University from 1978 until 1994, robert Armstrong was the chancellor from 1994 to 2006. Virginia Bottomley was installed as the current chancellor in April 2006, alumni of the University of Hull are especially prominent in the fields of politics, academia, journalism and drama. The foundation stone of University College Hull, then a college of the University of London, was laid in 1927 by Prince Albert. The college was built on donated by Hull City Council. A year later the first 14 departments, in pure sciences, the college at that time consisted of one building, now named the Venn building. The building now houses the centre of the university. Other early buildings include the Cohen Building, which housed the college library. Another early structure was the Chemistry Building, built in 1953, Hull, with its origins in the 1920s, has been categorised as a younger civic university and it is placed between the redbricks and the plateglass universities founded in the 1960s. The universitys expansion in recent decades has seen the addition of a variety of building styles, from the older buildings, through 1960s teaching blocks. The first principal of the college was Arthur E. Morgan, the second was John H Nicholson, the university coat of arms was designed by Sir Algernon Tudor-Craig in 1928. These symbols were later reused to create the current university logo, the motto, Lampada Ferens, incorporates the name of the universitys founding father within a Latin pun. The college gained its Royal Charter in 1954, which empowered it to award degrees of its own, making it the university in Yorkshire. Within a year of the charter being granted applications to study at the new university had doubled, the academic authority and autonomy of the university is symbolically embodied in the ceremonial mace. Made of gilt silver, and incorporating devices from the Hull University coat of arms, as a gift from the city it also reflects the close relationship between town and gown existing in Hull
9.
University of Leicester
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The University of Leicester is a public research university based in Leicester, England. The main campus is south of the city centre, adjacent to Victoria Park, the university established itself as a research-led university and was previously ranking among the top 20 universities in the United Kingdom. It was awarded University of the Year by The Times in 2008, the university is most famous for the invention of genetic fingerprinting and contributing to the discovery and identification of the remains of King Richard III. The university was founded as Leicestershire and Rutland University College in 1921, the site for the university was donated by a local textile manufacturer, Thomas Fielding Johnson, in order to create a living memorial for those who lost their lives in First World War. This is reflected in the Universitys motto Ut Vitam Habeant –so that they may have life, Students were first admitted to the college in 1921. In 1927, after it became University College, Leicester, students sat the examinations for degrees of the University of London. Two years later it merged with the Vaughan Working Mens College, in 1957 the University College was granted its Royal Charter, and has since then had the status of a university with the right to award its own degrees. Leicester University won the first ever series of University Challenge, in 1963, the main campus is a mile south of the city centre, adjacent to Victoria Park and Wyggeston and Queen Elizabeth I College. Opposite the Fielding Johnson Building are the Astley Clarke Building, home to the School of Economics, the Ken Edwards building, built in 1995, lies adjacent to the Fielding Johnson Building and is home to the School of Management. Built in 1957, the Percy Gee building is home to Leicester Universitys Students Union, the David Wilson Library was opened by Queen Elizabeth II on 4 December 2008, following an extensive refurbishment with a budget of £32 million. The university campus is home to several examples of Brutalist architecture, including the Grade II listed Engineering Building. Another prominent building on campus is the 18-storey Attenborough Tower, home to the College of Social Sciences, the Bennett building, Physics and Astronomy building, the Chemistry building and the Adrian Building lie beyond the Charles Wilson Building. Across University Road lies the Maurice Shock and Hodgkin buildings, home to Leicesters Medical School, further along University Road and on Salisbury Road and Regents Road are the Department of Education and the Fraser Noble building. On Lancaster Road there is the Attenborough Arts Centre, the Universitys arts centre, the skyline of Leicester University is punctuated by three distinctive, towering, buildings from the 1960s, the Department of Engineering, the Attenborough tower and the Charles Wilson building. The Universitys Engineering Building was the first major building by British architect James Stirling and it comprises workshops and laboratories at ground level, and a tower containing offices and lecture theatres. It was completed in 1963 and is notable for the way in which its external form reflects its internal functions, the very compact campus contains a wide range of twentieth century architecture, though the oldest building is the Fielding Johnson building. The Attenborough Tower is undergoing extensive renovation, Leicesters halls of residence are noteworthy, many of the halls date from the early 1900s and were the homes of Leicester’s wealthy industrialists. In recent years the University has disposed of some of its poorer quality property in order to invest in new facilities, the new John Foster Hall of Residence opened in October 2006
10.
Lincoln Cathedral
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Lincoln Cathedral or the Cathedral Church of the Blessed Virgin Mary of Lincoln, and sometimes St. Marys Cathedral in Lincoln, England is the seat of the Anglican bishop. Building commenced in 1088 and continued in phases throughout the medieval period. It was the tallest building in the world for 238 years, the central spire collapsed in 1549 and was not rebuilt. The cathedral is the third largest in Britain after St Pauls and York Minster and it is highly regarded by architectural scholars, the eminent Victorian writer John Ruskin declared, I have always held. That the cathedral of Lincoln is out and out the most precious piece of architecture in the British Isles, laid the foundations of his Cathedral in 1088 and it is probable that he, being a Norman, employed Norman masons to superintend the building. Though he could not complete the whole before his death, winkles, It is well known that Remigius appropriated the parish church of St Mary Magdalene in Lincoln, although it is not known what use he made of it. Up until then St. Marys Church in Stow was considered to be the church of Lincolnshire. However, Lincoln was more central to a diocese that stretched from the Thames to the Humber, Bishop Remigius built the first Lincoln Cathedral on the present site, finishing it in 1092 and then dying on 7 May of that year, two days before it was consecrated. In 1141, the roofing was destroyed in a fire. Bishop Alexander rebuilt and expanded the cathedral, but it was destroyed by an earthquake about forty years later. The earthquake was one of the largest felt in the UK, some have suggested that the damage to Lincoln Cathedral was probably exaggerated by poor construction or design, with the actual collapse most probably caused by a vault collapse. After the earthquake, a new bishop was appointed and he was Hugh de Burgundy of Avalon, France, who became known as St Hugh of Lincoln. He began a rebuilding and expansion programme. Rebuilding began with the choir and the eastern transepts between 1192 and 1210, the central nave was then built in the Early English Gothic style. Lincoln Cathedral soon followed other architectural advances of the time – pointed arches, flying buttresses and this allowed support for incorporating larger windows. There are thirteen bells in the south-west tower, two in the north-west tower, and five in the central tower, accompanying the cathedrals large bell, Great Tom of Lincoln, is a quarter-hour striking clock. The clock was installed in the early 19th century, the two large stained glass rose windows, the matching Deans Eye and Bishops Eye, were added to the cathedral during the late Middle Ages. The former, the Deans Eye in the transept dates from the 1192 rebuild begun by St Hugh
11.
Dormer
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A dormer is a roofed structure, often containing a window, that projects vertically beyond the plane of a pitched roof. Dormers are commonly used to increase the space in a loft. The term dormer is commonly used to refer to a dormer window although a dormer doesnt necessarily have to contain a window, a dormer is often one of the primary elements of a loft conversion. As a prominent element of many buildings, different types of dormer have evolved to complement different styles of architecture, when the structure appears on the spires of churches and cathedrals, it is usually referred to as a lucarne. Some of the different types of dormer are, Gable fronted dormer, Also called simply a gabled dormer, this is the most common type. It has a pitched roof of two sloping planes, supported by a frame that rises vertically to form a triangular section below the roofline. It is also known as a dog-house dormer, hip roof dormer, Also called a hipped dormer, it has a roof composed of three sloping planes that rise from each side of the dormer frame and converge at the ridge—analogous to the hip roof. Flat roof dormer, The roof of this dormer is a flat plane approximately horizontal. Shed dormer, This dormer also has a flat plane roof. A shed dormer can provide head room over an area than a gabled dormer. Wall dormer, As opposed to the dormer being set part way up the slope of the roof and this means that the face of the dormer is essentially a continuation of the wall above the level of the eaves. Eyebrow or eyelid dormer, A low and wide dormer with a curved roof, instead the roof covering is gradually curved up and over the dormer in a flattened bell curve. Link dormer, This can be a dormer that houses a chimney or a dormer that joins one part of a roof to another, bonneted dormer, This is an arched roof dormer, rounded in shape when viewed from front. Popular in Victorian homes, especially in areas, like the Southcott-style row-houses called Jellybean Row in St. Johns. Nantucket dormer, This is a three-in-one dormer structure composed of two gable dormers connected by a dormer in between. Lucarne, A dormer on the slope of a spire, usually slender. Blind or false dormer, A dormer that is visible externally. These are often used to make the house appear more aesthetically impressive, the word dormer is derived from the Middle French dormeor, meaning sleeping room, as dormer windows often provided light and space to attic-level bedrooms
12.
Arthur Blomfield
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Sir Arthur William Blomfield ARA was an English architect. The fourth son of Charles James Blomfield, Anglican Bishop of London, born in Fulham Palace, Arthur Blomfield was educated at Rugby and Trinity College, Cambridge. He was then articled as an architect to Philip Charles Hardwick, the young Thomas Hardy joined Blomfields practice as assistant architect in April 1862, and the writer remained friends with Blomfield. He became president of the Architectural Association in 1861, a Fellow of the Royal Institute of British Architects in 1867 and he was awarded the Royal Gold Medal in 1891. His second wife, Lady Blomfield, was an author and humanitarian and he had two sons, Charles J. Blomfield and Arthur Conran Blomfield, who he brought up to his own profession, of which they became distinguished representatives. These are in Commonwealth cemeteries in many countries, in 1882 Blomfield designed the Royal College of Music in London. In 1887 he became architect to the Bank of England and, in association with A. E. Street, Street was the son of the architect G. E. In 1890-7 he rebuilt the nave of St. Saviours parish church, Southwark and it is a notable example of his use of a Gothic Revival style. I am confident that anyone who had been privileged to see the work that is being done, would not withhold his subscriptions even though he was as ardent an anti-restorer as your obedient servant. St. Marys parish church, Adwell, Oxfordshire,1865 St, St. Saviours parish church, Oxford Street, London 1870–73. St. John the Baptist, Bathwick, Bath,1871 St. Nicholas Church, St. James parish church, Ramsden, Oxfordshire,1872. Church of St. Mary and St. Ethelbert, Luckington, Wiltshire,1872 St. Andrews parish church, Surbiton, St. John the Baptist parish church, Crowthorne, Berkshire,1873. St. John the Baptists Church, Eltham, Kent,1875, St. Michael and All Angels Church, Maidstone, Kent,1876. Chapel Royal, Brighton, internal repairs and reordering 1876, new exterior 1896 Christ Church parish church, Epsom, Surrey,1876 Holy Innocents parish church, Hornsey, London N8. Holy Trinity Church, Privett, 1876–78 Haileybury and Imperial Service College Chapel,1877, St Andrews Church, Collingbourne Ducis, Wiltshire, restoration,1877. All Saints parish church, Roffey, West Sussex,1878, St. Mary Magdalene parish church, Woodstock, Oxfordshire, restoration,1878 Trinity College, Cambridge Bishops Hostel additions 1878. St. Nicholas parish church, Heythrop, Oxfordshire,1880 St John the Evangelists Church, St Leonards-on-Sea, chester Cathedral restoration and additions,1882. St Andrews Church, Worthing, West Sussex St Lukes Church, Queens Park, Brighton, Sussex, St Stephens Church, North Mundham, West Sussex – Addition of a Chancel and re-ordering of interior
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