Black Earth is a village in Dane County, Wisconsin, United States. The population was 1,338 at the 2010 census. The village is located within the Town of Black Earth. It is part of the Madison Metropolitan Statistical Area.

Dane County is a county in the U.S. state of Wisconsin. As of the 2020 census, the population was 561,504, making it the second-most populous county in Wisconsin after Milwaukee County. The county seat is Madison, which is also the state capital.