Glandore, South Australia
Glandore is a suburb of Adelaide, South Australia in the City of Marion and in the City of West Torrens. The name is believed to come from Glandore in County Cork, whence the family of John O'Dea, one of the original property owners of the area, came. Glandore lies south-west of Adelaide, halfway between the beachside suburb of Glenelg and the central business district, it is bordered by Anzac Highway, Cross Road, South Road, Beckman Street and Winifred Avenue. Suburbs surrounding Glandore include Edwardstown, Black Forest, Everard Park, Kurralta Park and Plympton; the Adelaide-Glenelg tramline runs through the middle of the suburb with stations at South Road, Burke Street and Beckman Street. North of the tramline, Glandore is in the City of West Torrens local government area, south of the tramline, it forms part of the City of Marion. A number of parks are located within the suburb boundaries, including Glandore Oval, Jubilee Park and the shared grounds of the Glandore Community Centre, Coast FM radio station, Community Centres SA.
The City of Marion section of Glandore was named Edwardstown and this area housed the former Windana Boys Home, a correctional facility for young males. List of Adelaide suburbs Glenelg tram
Glenelg tram
The Glenelg tram is a light rail line in South Australia running from Hindmarsh, through the Adelaide city centre, to the beach-side suburb of Glenelg. It is Adelaide's only remaining tramway. Apart from short street-running sections in the city centre and Glenelg, the line has its own reservation, with minimal interference from road traffic; the service is free in the city centre and along the route to the Adelaide Entertainment Centre in Hindmarsh. The service is free along the length of Jetty Road, Glenelg to Moseley Square. Three routes in total operate on the network, Glenelg to the Royal Adelaide Hospital with select peak services that continue to the Entertainment Centre, Glenelg to the Adelaide Festival Centre, which operates only on weekends and Adelaide Oval event days and Entertainment Centre to the Adelaide Botanic Gardens. A 1.6 kilometre northern extension through the city centre opened on 14 October 2007, extending the line from Victoria Square along King William Street and North Terrace to Morphett Street.
A further 2.8 kilometre north western extension of the line along Port Road to the Adelaide Entertainment Centre opened on 22 March 2010. Construction of a new junction, branch lines along the eastern end of North Terrace and King William Road and four new stops began in July/August 2017 and opened on 13 October 2018; the line named the Adelaide and Glenelg Railway, was built by a private company, the Adelaide, Glenelg & Suburban Railway Company, opening on 2 August 1873. The single track line was built to the 5 ft 3 in broad gauge, commencing at the Angas Street corner of King William Street and followed that thoroughfare to South Terrace ran through the South Parklands and the south-western suburbs on its own right of way to Brighton Road, Glenelg where street running recommenced, using Jetty Road to terminate outside the Pier Hotel on Moseley Square. A depot was erected in the parklands at South Terrace, it was operated by small 2-4-0 tank locomotives, hauling two-axle end loading passenger carriages and open wagons for cargo.
Raised platforms were not provided, the carriages being provided with steps for ground level loading. Run round loops were installed at Glenelg and South Terrace, trains being propelled in one direction along King William Street. Special services operated to Morphettville Racecourse after it opened in September 1873. Crossing loops were installed at Goodwood and South Plympton. Patronage during the first few years of operation rose from 468,000 in the first year to 727,000 in 1877-88. On 24 May 1880, the Holdfast Railway Company opened the Holdfast Bay line from Adelaide railway station to Glenelg, it used the tracks of the South Australian Railways between Adelaide and Mile End while a depot was built at St Leonards. Whilst one line was a profitable proposition, two were not, both lines were immediately in financial trouble and merged to form the Glenelg Railway Company on 11 May 1882. A connecting line was laid along Brighton Road and the South Terrace depot closed. In 1882, a horse tramway was laid along King William Street parallel to the railway.
Local services between Angas Street and Goodwood were introduced by the railway using a Merryweather tram motor with an unpowered Rowan car as a trailer. In 1883 the SAR's Belair line was extended towards the South Coast and crossed the Glenelg line at Goodwood station via a flat crossing; the Holdfast Bay line was the most unprofitable of the two, this being due to excessive charges by the SAR for use of its line. Moves were made to close the line but these met with strong opposition as closure would isolate Glenelg from the rest of the state. To overcome this it was proposed to lay in a connection at Goodwood. In December 1899 the private company was acquired by the SAR, who continued to operate the line as a steam railway; the Glenelg line was duplicated from Goodwood to Brighton Road by 1910. The Holdfast Bay line was duplicated from Mile End to St Leonards by 1914 with raised platforms being provided at most stations. To help reduce working expenses it was proposed to deviate the Holdfast Bay line to join the other at Morphettville and although a line was built, no connection was made and it was only used for race traffic.
The Adelaide tramways had been electrified and to enable the line in King William Street to be duplicated, the railway was cut back to South Terrace in 1914. Railway passengers were carried by tram to Victoria Square. In 1927 ownership and operation transferred from the SAR to the Municipal Tramways Trust. Steam trains ceased on 2 April 1929 and the line was closed to be rebuilt as a double track standard gauge, electrified at 600 V dc and converted to tramway operation; the Goodwood flyover was constructed at this time, separating the new tram tracks from the conventional railway. The line was reopened on 14 December 1929 with the city terminus reverting to Victoria Square; the Holdfast Bay line closed on 15 December 1929 for conversion but this was not undertaken due to the onset of the Great Depression. Thirty H type trams were built for the line, with a design influenced by North American interurban streetcars of that era. There were one or two quirks in the earlier years, the most famous being the horse trams operated in the 1930s.
These were trams specially constructed to carry race horses from stables located along the line to Morphettville Racecourse. This service was a carry-over from the days of the steam railway, which had performed this function. Another unusual feature was operation of triple sets of H type trams in peak hours, express trams that ran non-stop over a significant portion of the route. In 2006, only one express; the line was the only route to survive the closure of Adelaide’s street tramway network during the 1950s, saved by its high pro
Parkside, South Australia
Parkside is an inner southern suburb of Adelaide, South Australia. It is located in the City of Unley; the suburb was once home to the mental health campus of the Royal Adelaide Hospital. Known as'The Parkside Asylum', it was the primary mental health facility in the state, occupied one-third of the suburb's area. Parkside Post Office opened on 10 December 1859 and was renamed Eastwood in 1967. Parkside lies on the southern boundary of the southern park lands, it is bounded, among others, by Glen Osmond, Greenhill and Fullarton roads. The 2011 Census by the Australian Bureau of Statistics counted 4,634 persons in Parkside on census night. Of these, 46.9% were male and 53.1% were female. The majority of residents are of Australian birth, with other common census responses being England and Italy; the age distribution of Parkside residents is comparable to that of the greater Australian population. 71.7% of residents were over 25 years in 2006, compared to the Australian average of 66.5%. The local newspaper is the Eastern Courier Messenger.
Other regional and national newspapers such as The Advertiser and The Australian are available. Parkside Primary School is located on Robsart Street. St Raphael's School is on Glen Osmond Road; the suburb is within dining precinct. One of the largest parks in Parkside is Howard Florey Reserve, on the corner of Campbell Road and Fullarton Road. Henry Codd Reserve lies between Maud Street and Fuller Street and connects via a walking trail to the Leicester Street playground. There is Mcleay Park, lying between George Street and Jaffrey Street. Most of these parks are fenced in. All have their own playgrounds; the suburb is serviced by several main roads. Unley and Fullarton roads connect the suburb to Adelaide city centre. Glen Osmond Road passes beside Parkside, linking the inner southeast of metropolitan Adelaide to the South Eastern Freeway. Public transport in Parkside is serviced by routes 172, run by the Adelaide Metro; the Adelaide to Glenelg tram line is very close to Parkside and there was once another tram line running south from the city.
List of Adelaide suburbs "City of Unley". Official website. City of Unley. Retrieved 14 April 2011
Adelaide
Adelaide is the capital city of the state of South Australia, the fifth-most populous city of Australia. In June 2017, Adelaide had an estimated resident population of 1,333,927. Adelaide is home to more than 75 percent of the South Australian population, making it the most centralised population of any state in Australia. Adelaide is north of the Fleurieu Peninsula, on the Adelaide Plains between the Gulf St Vincent and the low-lying Mount Lofty Ranges which surround the city. Adelaide stretches 20 km from the coast to the foothills, 94 to 104 km from Gawler at its northern extent to Sellicks Beach in the south. Named in honour of Adelaide of Saxe-Meiningen, queen consort to King William IV, the city was founded in 1836 as the planned capital for a freely-settled British province in Australia. Colonel William Light, one of Adelaide's founding fathers, designed the city and chose its location close to the River Torrens, in the area inhabited by the Kaurna people. Light's design set out Adelaide in a grid layout, interspaced by wide boulevards and large public squares, surrounded by parklands.
Early Adelaide was shaped by wealth. Until the Second World War, it was Australia's third-largest city and one of the few Australian cities without a convict history, it has been noted for early examples of religious freedom, a commitment to political progressivism and civil liberties. It has been known as the "City of Churches" since the mid-19th century, referring to its diversity of faiths rather than the piety of its denizens; the demonym "Adelaidean" is used in reference to its residents. As South Australia's seat of government and commercial centre, Adelaide is the site of many governmental and financial institutions. Most of these are concentrated in the city centre along the cultural boulevard of North Terrace, King William Street and in various districts of the metropolitan area. Today, Adelaide is noted for its many festivals and sporting events, its food and wine, its long beachfronts, its large defence and manufacturing sectors, it ranks in terms of quality of life, being listed in the world's top 10 most liveable cities, out of 140 cities worldwide by The Economist Intelligence Unit.
It was ranked the most liveable city in Australia by the Property Council of Australia in 2011, 2012 and 2013. Before its proclamation as a British settlement in 1836, the area around Adelaide was inhabited by the indigenous Kaurna Aboriginal nation. Kaurna culture and language were completely destroyed within a few decades of European settlement of South Australia, but extensive documentation by early missionaries and other researchers has enabled a modern revival of both. South Australia was proclaimed a British colony on 28 December 1836, near The Old Gum Tree in what is now the suburb of Glenelg North; the event is commemorated in South Australia as Proclamation Day. The site of the colony's capital was surveyed and laid out by Colonel William Light, the first Surveyor-General of South Australia, through the design made by the architect George Strickland Kingston. Adelaide was established as a planned colony of free immigrants, promising civil liberties and freedom from religious persecution, based upon the ideas of Edward Gibbon Wakefield.
Wakefield had read accounts of Australian settlement while in prison in London for attempting to abduct an heiress, realised that the eastern colonies suffered from a lack of available labour, due to the practice of giving land grants to all arrivals. Wakefield's idea was for the Government to survey and sell the land at a rate that would maintain land values high enough to be unaffordable for labourers and journeymen. Funds raised from the sale of land were to be used to bring out working-class emigrants, who would have to work hard for the monied settlers to afford their own land; as a result of this policy, Adelaide does not share the convict settlement history of other Australian cities like Sydney, Melbourne and Hobart. As it was believed that in a colony of free settlers there would be little crime, no provision was made for a gaol in Colonel Light's 1837 plan, but by mid-1837 the South Australian Register was warning of escaped convicts from New South Wales and tenders for a temporary gaol were sought.
Following a burglary, a murder, two attempted murders in Adelaide during March 1838, Governor Hindmarsh created the South Australian Police Force in April 1838 under 21-year-old Henry Inman. The first sheriff, Samuel Smart, was wounded during a robbery, on 2 May 1838 one of the offenders, Michael Magee, became the first person to be hanged in South Australia. William Baker Ashton was appointed governor of the temporary gaol in 1839, in 1840 George Strickland Kingston was commissioned to design Adelaide's new gaol. Construction of Adelaide Gaol commenced in 1841. Adelaide's early history was marked by questionable leadership; the first governor of South Australia, John Hindmarsh, clashed with others, in particular the Resident Commissioner, James Hurtle Fisher. The rural area surrounding Adelaide was surveyed by Light in preparation to sell a total of over 405 km2 of land. Adelaide's early economy started to get on its feet in 1838 with the arrival of livestock from Victoria, New South Wales and Tasmania.
Wool production provided an early basis for the South Australian economy. By 1860, wheat farms had been established from Encounter Bay in the south to Clare in the north. George Gawler took over from Hindmarsh in late 1838 and, despite being under orders from the Select Committee on South Australia in Britain not to undertake any public works, promptly oversaw construction of a governo
Clarence Park, South Australia
Clarence Park is an inner southern suburb of Adelaide, South Australia in the City of Unley. Its borders are Goodwood Road, Cross Road and the Seaford railway line. Goodwood Park Post Office opened on 27 December 1877, was renamed Goodwood South in 1884, Clarence Park in 1910 and was replaced by a new Cumberland Park office in 1993; the Clarence Park Community Centre is located just over the train line on East Avenue, in the suburb of Black Forest. The centre caters for many clubs, provides courses, is adjacent to the Clarence Park Biodiversity Garden. Clarence Park Community Kindergarten is located on Parker Terrace in Clarence Park, offering kindergarten and playgroup to the local community. City of Unley website
Seaford railway line
The Seaford railway line is a suburban commuter line in Adelaide, South Australia. Before the extension of the line to Noarlunga Centre in 1978, the Willunga line ran from Hallett Cove station on a different route through Reynella, Morphett Vale and Hackham to Willunga, it closed in 1969 and in September 1972 a track-removal train removed the tracks, for six years Noarlunga had no train service. The South Australian Railways and its successor, the State Transport Authority, extended the current railway southwards in stages from Hallett Cove to cater for increasing residential development in the southern area. Opening dates for passenger services were: Hallett Cove Beach on 30 June 1974. Prior to 2014, most trains were operated by 3000 class railcars augmented at times by 2000 class railcars. Since the electrification of the line, the latter are no longer authorised to operate on the line. Most services are now operated by A-City electric multiple units. A number of railcars needed for peak-hour services are now stabled overnight in secure sidings at Port Stanvac, north of Lonsdale station, at a much bigger facility adjacent to Seaford Meadows.
The last freight trains on the line, to and from Port Stanvac Refinery, ceased in the late 1990s. In 2008, the State Government announced a plan to upgrade and electrify the Seaford line with the Federal Government to provide funding. In December 2009, Stage 1 of the Noarlunga line upgrade was completed between Brighton; this work saw the track removed, with the track track renewed. Dual gauge sleepers were laid to allow for the line to be converted to standard gauge at a future date. Stage 2 commenced in February 2011 with the line closed for six months and continued the upgrade works between Oaklands and Noarlunga. Most stations received a minor upgrade due to the presence of asbestos in many station shelters, necessitating their replacement. On 2 January 2013, the line closed to allow for its electrification and extension, with trains being replaced by bus services. Rail services resumed on 1 December 2013; the completed project was opened by the South Australian Transport and Infrastructure Minister Tom Koutsantonis on 18 January 2014.
Electric train services commenced in February 2014. At the time only four A-City electric multiple units had entered service, so most services continued to be operated by 3000 class railcars. In 2005, the State Government announced the line would be extended 5.5 kilometres to the southern suburb of Seaford. The plan was cancelled in December 2007 after a study concluded that the extension could not be justified; the government announced that it would retain the corridor to Aldinga for a possible extension further south in the future. In July 2008, a feasibility study was commissioned by the government into extending the line; this extension was given approval after the Federal Government announced a $291 million investment in the project as part of the 2009/10 Federal Budget. Construction started in 2011 with the extension opening on 23 February 2014; the extension included a new 1.2 kilometre elevated rail bridge over the Onkaparinga River, a rail bridge over Old Honeypot Drive, new railway stations at Seaford Meadows and Seaford.
New road bridges were constructed over the extension at Goldsmith Drive, Seaford Road and Lynton Terrace. The line runs south from Adelaide station paralleling the Belair line as far as Goodwood, it branches off in a south-west direction through the suburbs of Edwardstown, Oaklands Park and Marion to the coast at Brighton, where it turns south towards Noarlunga Centre in the southern suburbs. The line was known as the Hallett Cove line when it finished at Hallett Cove. Most trains terminated with only about a quarter going to Hallett Cove. Like the rest of the Adelaide network, the line is broad gauge. Dual gauge sleepers have been laid to allow for the line to be converted to standard gauge at a future date; the line is the second longest of the Adelaide suburban railway lines. The line is double track throughout; the Australian Rail Track Corporation standard-gauge main line passes over the line just south of Goodwood station, the Tonsley line branches off south of Woodlands Park. Parking / Park ‘n’ Ride / Hi Frequency Trains to and from Adelaide operate every 10–20 minutes off-peak on weekdays, every 30 minutes on weekends, hourly in the late evening.
Some stations were serviced by trains from Brighton and from the Tonsley branch line on weekdays. Seaford to City - Adelaide Metro website
South Road, Adelaide
South Road known as Main South Road, is a major north–south conduit in Adelaide and Fleurieu Peninsula in South Australia. It is one of Adelaide's most important bypass roads; the northern part of South Road contributes the central component of the North–South Corridor, a series of road projects under construction or planning that will provide a continuous expressway between Old Noarlunga and Gawler. South Road of today was until the 1970s known by a string of names: Shillabeer Avenue, Government Road, John Street, Taylors Road. Fisher Terrace, South Road from Anzac Highway southwards. South Road carries much of the road traffic from the southern suburbs towards the Adelaide city centre; this traffic completes its journey to the city centre via the Anzac Highway. From the Anzac Highway, South Road continues north as a western bypass of the city across many arterials, the major ones being Sir Donald Bradman Drive, Port Road, Torrens Road, Regency Road and Grand Junction Road, to the junction with the Port River Expressway and the Salisbury Highway.
Until the Port River Expressway opened in 2005, the sections of South Road and Salisbury Highway between Grand Junction Road and Port Wakefield Road were known as the South Road Extension, built in the early 1990s. To the south of Anzac Highway, the name changes to Main South Road at the intersection of Ayliffes and Shepherds Hill Roads at Clovelly Park, continues through Seaford and runs parallel to the coastline of Gulf St Vincent until Normanville where it is known as Willis Drive for 2 km continues to Cape Jervis at its southern tip; the town of Old Noarlunga, South Australia was bypassed in 1972, Old Reynella in 1964. The Southern Expressway runs parallel to Main South Road for 18 km between Darlington and Noarlunga and serves to reduce traffic congestion. Main South Road and the Southern Expressway have 3 different intersections along the length of the roads. South Road suffers from traffic congestion due to its importance as one of Adelaide's main arterial roads and bypasses. Traffic has increased in line with the growth and development of Adelaide's southern suburbs.
An overpass was built over Cross Road and the Noarlunga railway line between 1982 and 1984 to reduce a major bottleneck. The State government completed the "Gallipoli Underpass" under Anzac Highway, an overpass of the Adelaide-Glenelg tramway, in 2009 and 2010; the underpass model used is a diamond interchange. In November 2005, the Royal Automobile Association released its recommendations to the South Australian government in regards to the road network. South Road was found to be the poorest road in the state; the recommendations given included $6 billion of funds to upgrade the roads of South Australia – with $1.5–2 billion to be spent on South Road alone. The RAA's plan for the road included a 6 km tunnel from Port Road all the way to the Anzac Highway underpass and over/underpasses at six other major intersections and two rail crossings. On 18 August 2007, Prime Minister John Howard announced that South Road was to be included in the AusLink National Road Network, pledged $1 billion in funding for the project between 2007 and 2020.
In October 2009, both the Premier of South Australia and the Prime Minister released plans for the South Road Superway — a 3–4 km section of elevated freeway running from the Port River Expressway to the intersection of Regency Road at a cost of $800 million. The project started in 2010 and was completed in early 2014; the elevated part provides separation at Grand Junction Road, Cormack Road, the Dry Creek-Port Adelaide railway line. Two further sections were identified and funded for upgrade following the 2013 Australian federal election; the first of these was the Darlington Upgrade addressing the section from the northern end of the Southern Expressway to provide a free-flowing route under the intersections with Flinders Drive and Sturt Road to the Ayliffes Road intersection. The Torrens Road to River Torrens lowered motorway addressed the major intersections with Grange and Port Roads, the Outer Harbor railway line crossing, several minor road intersections. Both of these upgrades involved land acquisition to widen the road corridor, surface grade carriage ways on the edges, a lowered central roadway carrying the free-flow traffic below the crossing routes.
The Torrens to Torrens project was started in 2015, opened to traffic in 2018. The scope of both sections was extended northwards; the initial plan for Torrens to Torrens did not include grade separation at Torrens Road, added. The initial plan for Darlington did not include grade separation at Ayliffes Road or Tonsley Boulevard; the Darlington upgrade is scheduled for completion in 2019. In January 2017, the Outer Harbor railway line level crossing was replaced in a grade separation project as part of the Torrens to Torrens project. In April 2017, reports emerged involving a confirmation by the State Government stating that South Road's upgrades used contaminated cement; the Torrens River to Torrens Road lowered motorway opened to traffic in late September 2018. An upgrade of Regency Road to Pym Street, the gap between the elevated South Road Superway and the almost-completed Torrens to Torrens project, was announced on 1 May 2018, to be jointly funded by the state and federal governments; the section includes three sets of traffic lights and several uncontrolled intersections with minor streets.
A timeframe for completion was not announced at the
