Black carbon is the light-absorbing refractory form of elemental carbon remaining after pyrolysis or produced by incomplete combustion.
Black carbon is found worldwide, but its presence and impact are particularly strong in Asia.
The Indian Ocean brown cloud or Asian brown cloud is a layer of air pollution that recurrently covers parts of South Asia, namely the northern Indian Ocean, India, and Pakistan. Viewed from satellite
Aerosol pollution over north India and Bangladesh, as seen on satellite imagery