1.
Nuremberg
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Nuremberg is a city on the river Pegnitz and the Rhine–Main–Danube Canal in the German state of Bavaria, in the administrative region of Middle Franconia, about 170 kilometres north of Munich. It is the second-largest city in Bavaria, and the largest in Franconia, the population as of February 2015, is 517,498, which makes it Germanys fourteenth-largest city. The urban area also includes Fürth, Erlangen and Schwabach with a population of 763,854. The European Metropolitan Area Nuremberg has ca.3.5 million inhabitants, Nuremberg was, according to the first documentary mention of the city in 1050, the location of an Imperial castle between the East Franks and the Bavarian March of the Nordgau. From 1050 to 1571, the city expanded and rose dramatically in importance due to its location on key trade routes, Nuremberg is often referred to as having been the unofficial capital of the Holy Roman Empire, particularly because Imperial Diet and courts met at Nuremberg Castle. The Diets of Nuremberg were an important part of the structure of the empire. The increasing demand of the court and the increasing importance of the city attracted increased trade. Nuremberg soon became, with Augsburg, one of the two great trade centers on the route from Italy to Northern Europe. In 1298, the Jews of the town were accused of having desecrated the host, behind the massacre of 1298 was also the desire to combine the northern and southern parts of the city, which were divided by the Pegnitz. The Jews of the German lands suffered many massacres during the plague years, in 1349, Nurembergs Jews were subjected to a pogrom. They were burned at the stake or expelled, and a marketplace was built over the former Jewish quarter, the plague returned to the city in 1405,1435,1437,1482,1494,1520 and 1534. Charles was the patron of the Frauenkirche, built between 1352 and 1362, where the Imperial court worshipped during its stays in Nuremberg. Charles IV conferred upon the city the right to conclude alliances independently, frequent fights took place with the burgraves without, however, inflicting lasting damage upon the city. Through these and other acquisitions the city accumulated considerable territory, the Hussite Wars, recurrence of the Black Death in 1437, and the First Margrave War led to a severe fall in population in the mid-15th century. During the Middle Ages, Nurembergs literary culture was rich, varied, the cultural flowering of Nuremberg, in the 15th and 16th centuries, made it the centre of the German Renaissance. In 1525, Nuremberg accepted the Protestant Reformation, and in 1532, during the 1552 revolution against Charles V, Nuremberg tried to purchase its neutrality, but the city was attacked without a declaration of war and was forced into a disadvantageous peace. The state of affairs in the early 16th century, increased trade routes elsewhere, frequent quartering of Imperial, Swedish and League soldiers, the financial costs of the war and the cessation of trade caused irreparable damage to the city and a near-halving of the population. In 1632, the city, occupied by the forces of Gustavus Adolphus of Sweden, was besieged by the army of Imperial general Albrecht von Wallenstein, the city declined after the war and recovered its importance only in the 19th century, when it grew as an industrial centre
2.
Glasgow
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Glasgow is the largest city in Scotland, and third largest in the United Kingdom. Historically part of Lanarkshire, it is now one of the 32 council areas of Scotland and it is situated on the River Clyde in the countrys West Central Lowlands. Inhabitants of the city are referred to as Glaswegians, Glasgow grew from a small rural settlement on the River Clyde to become the largest seaport in Britain. From the 18th century the city grew as one of Great Britains main hubs of transatlantic trade with North America. Glasgow was the Second City of the British Empire for much of the Victorian era and Edwardian period, in the late 19th and early 20th centuries Glasgow grew in population, reaching a peak of 1,128,473 in 1939. The entire region surrounding the conurbation covers about 2.3 million people, at the 2011 census, Glasgow had a population density of 8, 790/sq mi, the highest of any Scottish city. Glasgow hosted the 2014 Commonwealth Games and is well known in the sporting world for the football rivalry of the Old Firm between Celtic and Rangers. Glasgow is also known for Glasgow patter, a dialect that is noted for being difficult to understand by those from outside the city. Glasgow is the form of the ancient Cumbric name Glas Cau. Possibly referring to the area of Molendinar Burn where Glasgow Cathedral now stands, the later Gaelic name Baile Glas Chu, town of the grey dog, is purely a folk-etymology. The present site of Glasgow has been settled since prehistoric times, it is for settlement, being the furthest downstream fording point of the River Clyde, the origins of Glasgow as an established city derive ultimately from its medieval position as Scotlands second largest bishopric. Glasgow increased in importance during the 10th and 11th centuries as the site of this bishopric, reorganised by King David I of Scotland and John, there had been an earlier religious site established by Saint Mungo in the 6th century. The bishopric became one of the largest and wealthiest in the Kingdom of Scotland, bringing wealth, sometime between 1189 and 1195 this status was supplemented by an annual fair, which survives as the Glasgow Fair. Glasgow grew over the following centuries, the first bridge over the River Clyde at Glasgow was recorded from around 1285, giving its name to the Briggait area of the city, forming the main North-South route over the river via Glasgow Cross. The founding of the University of Glasgow in 1451 and elevation of the bishopric to become the Archdiocese of Glasgow in 1492 increased the towns religious and educational status and landed wealth. Its early trade was in agriculture, brewing and fishing, with cured salmon and herring being exported to Europe, Glasgow was subsequently raised to the status of Royal Burgh in 1611. The citys Tobacco Lords created a water port at Port Glasgow on the Firth of Clyde. By the late 18th century more than half of the British tobacco trade was concentrated on Glasgows River Clyde, at the time, Glasgow held a commercial importance as the city participated in the trade of sugar, tobacco and later cotton
3.
Metalcore
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Metalcore is a broad fusion genre of extreme metal and hardcore punk. The word is a blend of the names of the two genres, among other genres blending metal and hardcore, such as crust punk and grindcore, metalcore is noted for its use of breakdowns, which are slow, intense passages that are conducive to moshing. Pantera and Sepultura have been influential to the development of metalcore in the 2000s. Black Flag and Bad Brains, among the originators of hardcore, British street punk groups such as Discharge and the Exploited also took inspiration from heavy metal. The Misfits put out the Earth A. D. album, nonetheless, punk and metal cultures and music remained fairly separate through the first half of the 1980s. Cross-pollination between metal and hardcore eventually birthed the crossover thrash scene, which gestated at a Berkeley club called Ruthies, the term metalcore was originally used to refer to these crossover groups. Hardcore punk groups Corrosion of Conformity, D. R. I. and Suicidal Tendencies played alongside thrash metal groups like Metallica and Slayer. This scene influenced the skinhead wing of New York hardcore, which began in 1984. The Cro-Mags were among the most influential of these bands, drawing equally from Bad Brains, Motörhead, Cro-Mags also embraced straight edge and Krishna consciousness. Another New York metal-influenced straight edge group of time period is the Crumbsuckers. 1985 saw the development of the breakdown, an amalgamation of Bad Brains reggae and metal backgrounds. Agnostic Fronts 1986 album Cause for Alarm, a collaboration with Peter Steele, was a watershed in the intertwining of hardcore, between 1984 and 1995, a new wave of bands emerged. Hogans Heroes are the earliest metallic hardcore group and were formed in 1984. Other bands include Integrity, Biohazard, Hoods, Earth Crisis, Converge, Shai Hulud, All Out War, Madball, Starkweather, Judge, Strife, Rorschach, Vision of Disorder Hatebreed, and Disembodied. Integrity drew influence from the hardcore band G. I. S. M. Earth Crisis, Converge and Hatebreed borrowed from hardcore punk and death metal. Earth Crisiss 1995 album Destroy the Machines was particularly influential to the development of the genre, Biohazard, Coalesce and Overcast were also important early metalcore groups. Journalist Lars Gotrich wrote, Along with key records by The Dillinger Escape Plan and Botch, at the risk of sounding too reductive — metalcore was the natural progression where extreme metal and hardcore met, but with spiraling time signatures that somehow felt more aggressive. Shai Huluds 1997 album Hearts Once Nourished with Hope and Compassion became especially influential in the part of the decade
4.
Melodic death metal
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Melodic death metal is a subgenre of death metal that employs highly melodic guitar riffs, often borrowing from traditional heavy metal. The style originated and developed in Sweden and the United Kingdom during the early, the Swedish death metal scene did much to popularize the style, soon centering in the Gothenburg metal scene. The vocal style typically combines harsh screaming, sung vocals, and death growls, writer Gary Sharpe-Young considered the Gothenburg scene the commercial salvation of death metal, Gothenburg became the new Tampa and the genre received a new lease on life. Its influence lead to the diversification of modern metalcore, with melodic metalcore gaining prominence in the 2000s, stewart Mason claims that the style has become very popular in the United States, using the term Swedecore to describe Scandinavian-style metal as played by non-Nordic bands. List of melodic death metal bands Swedish death metal
5.
Deathcore
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Deathcore is an extreme metal fusion genre that combines the characteristics of death metal and metalcore and sometimes hardcore punk. It makes use of death metal riffs and blast beats, as well as metalcore breakdowns, Deathcore gained most prominence within the southwestern United States, especially Arizona and inland southern California, which are home to many notable bands and various festivals. Deathcore combines death metal such as blast beats, down-tuned guitars, tremolo picking. The genre is defined by breakdowns and death metal riffs or metalcore riffs played in the usual death metal tuning. Like in other extreme metal genres, deathcore guitarists down-tune their guitars to give their music a heavier sound. Deathcore bands may also employ guitar solos as well, low growls and shrieked screams are common vocalizations. Some other techniques that deathcore vocalists have used include what is known as pig squeals, sung vocals in the genre are extremely rare and most deathcore bands have never used them, but the idea has been experimented with by a few bands such as All Shall Perish and Oceano. The term deathcore originated in the mid-1990s, in 1996, Nick Terry of Terrorizer magazine wrote, in spite of this, Antagony and Despised Icon are considered to be the pioneers of deathcore. However, Despised Icon has rejected the label, Nick Vasallo is credited as being the father of deathcore. Deathcore also began to gain popularity in the late 2000s. Notable bands that brought the genre in the highlight include Bring Me the Horizon, after its release, Whitechapels album This Is Exile sold 5,900 in copies, which made it enter the Billboard 200 chart at position 118. Their self-titled album peaked at number 65 on the Canadian Albums Chart and their third album A New Era of Corruption sold about 10,600 copies in the United States in its first week of being released and peaked at position number 43 on the Billboard 200 chart. Furthermore, Bring Me the Horizon won the 2006 Kerrang, awards for Best British Newcomer after they released their 2006 debut record Count Your Blessings. However, Bring Me the Horizon abandoned the genre after the release of this album. Lastly, San Diego natives Carnifex, witnessed success with their first album Dead in My Arms, on top of their non-stop touring and methodical songwriting resulted in Carnifex quickly getting signed to label Victory Records. A variety of deathcore bands experimented with other genres into their music as influence as time went by, for example, early material by the band Fallujah was described as carrying deathcore and black metal influence respectively. On the other hand, Emmure has been credited to be influenced by nu metal and was described as the new Limp Bizkit. Deathcore has been criticized and looked down upon, especially by fans of some other heavy metal subgenres
6.
Century Media Records
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Century Media Records is a heavy metal record label with offices in the United States, Germany and London. In August 2015, Century Media was acquired by Sony Music Entertainment for US $17 million, the label specializes in many different styles of heavy metal music. A number of artists listed are licensed to Century Media for the American market from labels mostly based in Europe, Century Media is also home to Arch Enemy, Napalm Death, and Queensrÿche. The labels most popular band is Lacuna Coil, shadows Fall experienced its greatest success during its time with the label. Iconic hardcore punk band Sick of It All also resides in the Century Media family, Lacuna Coils 2002 album, Comalies, became Century Medias first act to crack the Billboard 200 album chart, peaking at No.178 two years after its release. Their fourth album, Karmacode, improved on that achievement, having sold over 490,000 copies since its release and it hit number one on the Top Independent Albums Chart. The Finnish band Sentenced were awarded on August 14,2008 for their platinum Buried Alive DVD labelled by Century Media. Since being bought out by Sony Music in August 2015, the releases will be distributed worldwide by Sony Music while RED will be distributing the labels releases in the U. S. In late 2014 Robert Kampf, founder of Century Media Records, launched a new hard rock-focused label named Another Century. This label is leaning away from metal of Century Media and looking to make a name for itself as a premiere hard rock label. ”Robert Kampf was quoted on his new label. My undying love for rock has driven the formation of this label ANOTHER CENTURY, over the years great bands like Otherwise and In This Moment have been released on Century Media but sometimes got lost or felt ill mixed among some of the heavier CM bands. Another Century now has a path and mission statement, To develop. The label has since acquired breakout bands New Years Day, XO Stereo, Like A Storm, Awaken The Empire, adrenaline Mob and Fozzy, both of whom have released albums on Century Media, are listed on the Artists page of the new Another Century website. Abacus Recordings was an imprint of Century Media created in 2002, on July 24,2007, it was reported that Abacus Recordings had shut down. In August 2011 Century Media decided to all of their acts from Spotify. Metal blog MetalSucks criticized Century Media in a post, which was replied to by the label in an email. On July 30,2012, Century Media Records made their entire catalog available on Spotify again after impressive debates and messages from fans and discussions with Spotify, on January 21,2014, it was reported that co-founder Oliver Withöft had died after a long period of illness. Tributes were paid to him by Monte Connor, head of US A&R for Nuclear Blast Records, Nachtmystiums Blake Judd and Sumerian Records publicist George Vallee and he is survived by his wife Judith and their 3 daughters
7.
Heavy metal music
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Heavy metal is a genre of rock music that developed in the late 1960s and early 1970s, largely in the United Kingdom and the United States. Heavy metal lyrics and performance styles are associated with aggression. The first heavy metal such as Led Zeppelin, Black Sabbath. During the mid-1970s, Judas Priest helped spur the evolution by discarding much of its blues influence, Motörhead introduced a punk rock sensibility. Beginning in the late 1970s, bands in the new wave of British heavy metal such as Iron Maiden, before the end of the decade, heavy metal fans became known as metalheads or headbangers. During the 1980s, glam metal became popular with such as Mötley Crüe. Since the mid-1990s popular styles have further expanded the definition of the genre and these include groove metal and nu metal, the latter of which often incorporates elements of grunge and hip hop. Heavy metal is characterized by loud distorted guitars, emphatic rhythms, dense bass-and-drum sound. Metal subgenres variously emphasize, alter, or omit one or more of these attributes, the typical band lineup includes a drummer, a bassist, a rhythm guitarist, a lead guitarist, and a singer, who may or may not be an instrumentalist. Keyboard instruments are used to enhance the fullness of the sound. Deep Purples Jon Lord played an overdriven Hammond organ, in 1970, John Paul Jones used a Moog synthesizer on Led Zeppelin III, by the 1990s, in. almost every subgenre of heavy metal synthesizers were used. The electric guitar and the power that it projects through amplification has historically been the key element in heavy metal. The heavy metal guitar sound comes from a use of high volumes. Guitar solos are an element of the heavy metal code. That underscores the significance of the guitar to the genre, most heavy metal songs featur at least one guitar solo, which is a primary means through which the heavy metal performer expresses virtuosity. One exception is nu metal bands, which tend to omit guitar solos, with rhythm guitar parts, the heavy crunch sound in heavy metal. Palm muting the strings with the hand and using distortion. Palm muting creates a tighter, more sound and it emphasizes the low end
8.
Lamb of God (band)
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Lamb of God is an American groove metal band from Richmond, Virginia. Formed in 1994, the group consists of vocalist Randy Blythe, guitarists Mark Morton and Willie Adler, bassist John Campbell, the band is considered a significant member of the New Wave of American Heavy Metal movement. Since their formation, Lamb of God has released eight albums, one live album, one compilation album. The bands cumulative sales equal almost two million in the United States, including one album certified Gold by the RIAA, in 2010 and 2011 the band received Grammy nominations for songs from their 2009 album Wrath. They also received a nomination in 2016 for their song 512, Lamb of God has toured with the Ozzfest twice. Other appearances include Download Festival and Sonisphere Festival in the UK, Soundwave Festival, Mayhem Festival 2010, from 2008 to 2010 they toured as part of Metallicas World Magnetic Tour. In 1994, guitarists Mark Morton and Matt Conner, bassist John Campbell, the band members knew each other from the college they were all attending, Virginia Commonwealth University, in Richmond, Virginia. Morton and Conner left the band soon after its inception to pursue masters degrees, Adler and Campbell replaced Morton with Abe Spear. For the next five years, the band practiced in Richmond and around Virginia, in 1995, the band released its self-titled first demo. After the demo, Burn the Priest recorded two split EPs with Agents of Satan and ZED respectively, after the bands first three demos, Burn the Priest added vocalist Randall Blythe to its line up. In 1997, Morton returned to the band, two years later, the band released its first full-length self-titled album, Burn the Priest, through Legion Records. Mikey Brosnan of Legion Records saved up $2,500 for the recording, the album was produced by Today Is the Day guitarist and vocalist Steve Austin. Spear left the band, leaving a position for a guitarist. Adlers younger brother Willie became the second guitarist a year later. Contrary to rumour, the band did not change their name to Lamb of God after being banned from venues and they changed their name because of the altered line-up, and to avoid being mistaken for a satanic metal band. With a new name and label, the band released its album, New American Gospel. Patrick Kennedy of Allmusic compared the band to Pantera stating, The essential signatures of post-Pantera metal are in abundance on Lamb of Gods inaugural album, Chris Adler commented, This is a classic record. We had all the elements together to make one of the heaviest
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